The German vocational education and training (VET) system is admired around the world for its ability to prepare young people for skilled employment. In Germany, VET smooths transitions into work and is closely aligned with labour market demand. This report focuses on an unprecedented test of the German VET system: how to respond to the significant increase in migrants who arrived in the country in 2015-16. The study explores both the opportunities and the challenges presented by migration.
Pathways to Learning: Open Collaboration to Support the Online Pivot Robert Farrow
This presentation reports results of a recent open education research collaboration between The African Council for Distance Education and The Open University (UK). Pathways to Learning: new approaches in higher education (OpenLearn, 2020a) hosted two free professional development programmes for university lecturers, instructional designers, professional staff, and managers who share responsibility for providing quality distance and online learning.
• A Teacher Educator programme, Skills for 21st Century Learning and Teaching (OpenLearn, 2020b)
• A Tertiary Educator programme, Take Your Teaching Online (OpenLearn, 2020c)
The courses ran over six weeks between 13th July and 20th August, 2020, and was contextualized by a rapid rollout of online learning during the Coronavirus pandemic. The programmes combined a course of study using OER materials with supplementary activities including a total of 12 webinars and interactive events alongside use of new platforms created by The Open University’s Institute of Educational Technology: nQuire (Herodotou et al., 2018) and Our Journey (Coughlan et al., 2019).
Key findings:
• The pandemic led to a substantial shift in teaching across Africa and a requirement to better understand and gain experience of online learning. Change is likely to persist post-pandemic, although infrastructure and cultural barriers are reported.
• The project surveys, interviews and the data generated through interactions that occurred in the programmes explores challenges and opportunities for online and blended learning across the African continent and globally.
• The evaluation data provides evidence that the programmes led to important understanding of course design and confidence in online facilitation for a large majority of those who took part in them.
• There is evidence that the programmes built confidence, particularly through the experiences of these educators themselves learning online with well-designed materials, and engaging with platforms and experts.
• There is evidence that each of the elements and activities were appreciated by some learners. The open courses were seen as most useful alongside some webinars. Community events and forums added substantial value to these.
• The flexibility offered in the programmes led to different behaviours. Many aimed to complete all the available activities despite time pressures and other barriers. Some were unable to attend live events so recordings were appreciated.
• Given the courses were free to join and many educators faced barriers and pressures, retention figures were very positive with around 66% of those who took part in the first week completing the rest of these programmes.
• Assessment, Open Educational Resources (OER), and understanding of technologies that can be used for online learning and learning design were areas that learners reported as being particularly valuable.
Universities with existing IEPs are being targeted by corporate educational services providers for partnerships, resulting in credit-bearing matriculation pathway programs for international students who still require ESL support. In this colloquium, directors of various university-based IEPs in the United States share perspectives vis-à-vis their university-developed alternatives to corporate partnership models.
The German vocational education and training (VET) system is admired around the world for its ability to prepare young people for skilled employment. In Germany, VET smooths transitions into work and is closely aligned with labour market demand. This report focuses on an unprecedented test of the German VET system: how to respond to the significant increase in migrants who arrived in the country in 2015-16. The study explores both the opportunities and the challenges presented by migration.
Pathways to Learning: Open Collaboration to Support the Online Pivot Robert Farrow
This presentation reports results of a recent open education research collaboration between The African Council for Distance Education and The Open University (UK). Pathways to Learning: new approaches in higher education (OpenLearn, 2020a) hosted two free professional development programmes for university lecturers, instructional designers, professional staff, and managers who share responsibility for providing quality distance and online learning.
• A Teacher Educator programme, Skills for 21st Century Learning and Teaching (OpenLearn, 2020b)
• A Tertiary Educator programme, Take Your Teaching Online (OpenLearn, 2020c)
The courses ran over six weeks between 13th July and 20th August, 2020, and was contextualized by a rapid rollout of online learning during the Coronavirus pandemic. The programmes combined a course of study using OER materials with supplementary activities including a total of 12 webinars and interactive events alongside use of new platforms created by The Open University’s Institute of Educational Technology: nQuire (Herodotou et al., 2018) and Our Journey (Coughlan et al., 2019).
Key findings:
• The pandemic led to a substantial shift in teaching across Africa and a requirement to better understand and gain experience of online learning. Change is likely to persist post-pandemic, although infrastructure and cultural barriers are reported.
• The project surveys, interviews and the data generated through interactions that occurred in the programmes explores challenges and opportunities for online and blended learning across the African continent and globally.
• The evaluation data provides evidence that the programmes led to important understanding of course design and confidence in online facilitation for a large majority of those who took part in them.
• There is evidence that the programmes built confidence, particularly through the experiences of these educators themselves learning online with well-designed materials, and engaging with platforms and experts.
• There is evidence that each of the elements and activities were appreciated by some learners. The open courses were seen as most useful alongside some webinars. Community events and forums added substantial value to these.
• The flexibility offered in the programmes led to different behaviours. Many aimed to complete all the available activities despite time pressures and other barriers. Some were unable to attend live events so recordings were appreciated.
• Given the courses were free to join and many educators faced barriers and pressures, retention figures were very positive with around 66% of those who took part in the first week completing the rest of these programmes.
• Assessment, Open Educational Resources (OER), and understanding of technologies that can be used for online learning and learning design were areas that learners reported as being particularly valuable.
Universities with existing IEPs are being targeted by corporate educational services providers for partnerships, resulting in credit-bearing matriculation pathway programs for international students who still require ESL support. In this colloquium, directors of various university-based IEPs in the United States share perspectives vis-à-vis their university-developed alternatives to corporate partnership models.
The function of microcredentials for the Open UniversityRobert Farrow
This presentation explores the reasons for adopting and developing microcredentials, and whether they currently satisfy those intentions. This draws on the development of microcedentials at the UK Open University and the experience of the European Microcredential Consortium project.
As with many educational technology developments, the hype and rhetoric sometimes outstrips the reality of implementation. MOOCs, learning analytics, artificial intelligence and blockchain have all seen intense periods of projected possible benefits, before settling into a narrower range of actual usage and recognised benefits. Microcredentials are perhaps still in the initial phase of being a development without an evidence base of practical use to support their claims, but some clear intentions from institutions are emerging and initial evidence regarding their take up by learners suggests avenues for their continued deployment.
It should be noted that development of microcredentials is not a zero cost game. They are costly to develop, often requiring different sets of expertise and tools. There is also an associated opportunity cost in developing them, for the time and resource they demand is effort that could be used on other initiatives. So in adopting them, institutions need to be asking two fundamental questions: “Are microcredentials worth this cost?” and “Do microcredentials represent the best way to realise these aims?”
This presentation will explore the answers to these questions, drawing on the experience of the OU in developing a range of microcredentials for the FutureLearn platform and the Erasmus+ EMC project which is examining the adoption of microcredentials for work based learning.
https://i-he2021.exordo.com/programme/presentation/254
Higher Education in Norway - Labour Market Relevance and OutcomesEduSkills OECD
The higher education system in Norway generally produces graduates with good skills and labour market outcomes. This success can be largely attributed to Norway’s robust and inclusive labour market and recent higher education reforms to improve quality. However, some Norwegian students have poor labour market outcomes and past success is no guarantee of future success, especially as the Norwegian economy upskills and diversifies. This report provides advice and recommendations to improve the labour market relevance and the outcomes of higher education in Norway. The analysis finds that there is an opportunity to expand work-based learning opportunities, improve career guidance, and do a better job of using innovative learning and teaching practices to improve labour market relevance across the system. The report concludes that Norwegian policy makers have a larger role to play in steering the system. Policy makers can set the conditions for greater labour market relevance by strengthening the mechanism for collaboration between higher education institutions and employers, ensuring better coordination and use of labour market information, and redoubling efforts to support quality learning and teaching. This report was developed as part of the OECD Enhancing Higher Education System Performance project.
Vocational education and training (VET) plays a central role in preparing young people for work, developing the skills of adults and responding to the labour-market needs of the economy. Teachers and leaders in VET can have an immediate and positive influence on learners’ skills, employability and career development. However, when compared to general academic programmes, there is limited evidence on the characteristics of teachers and institutional leaders in VET and the policies and practices of attracting and preparing them. VET teachers require a mix of pedagogical skills and occupational knowledge and experience, and need to keep these up to date to reflect changing skill needs in the labour market and evolving teaching and learning environments. This report fills the knowledge gap on teachers and leaders in VET, and produces new insights into what strategies and policies can help develop and maintain a well-prepared workforce. It zooms in on VET teacher shortages; strategies for attracting and retaining teachers; initial training and professional development opportunities for teachers; the use of innovative technologies and pedagogical strategies; and the important role of institutional leaders and strategies for better preparing and supporting them
Open Education Research: Methodology Insights from the Global OER Graduate Ne...Robert Farrow
This session will present an overview of the Global OER Graduate Network research methods handbook. The handbook, published in 2020, was developed by members of the network who are doctoral and post-doctoral researchers in open education, and serves as a useful starting point for anyone wishing to do research in education with a focus on OER, MOOCs or OEP.
An accessible and brief description of the types of methods typically used in research into education and educational technology will be provided. Some of the contrasting philosophical, epistemological and ontological commitments of different research paradigms will be used to differentiate alternative methodologies. Theoretical perspectives will be outlined (but not fully explored).
State-of-the-art approaches will be explored and their relevance for open education explained. The presentation will use examples of current doctoral research to highlight the use of different methods, and will convey insights into using different methods as shared by the researchers. This includes reflections on using different methods, and advice for conducting similar work.
Finally, the presentation will offer up for discussion a provisional model of open scholarship including open practices (agile project management; directly influencing practice; radical transparency; sharing research instruments; social media presence; networks); open science (open access; open data; open licensing); digital innovation (HCI; data science; open source technologies); and normative elements (challenging dominant narratives; promoting social justice; and reducing barriers to educational access).
Reference:
Farrow, R., Iniesto, F., Weller, M. & Pitt., R. (2020). The GO-GN Research Methods Handbook. Open Education Research Hub. The Open University, UK. CC-BY 4.0. http://go-gn.net/gogn_outputs/research-methods-handbook/
A introduction and overview of Open Educational Resources (OER): what they are; how open licences work; how OER are used; and how they support innovation
PRE-SERVICE AND IN-SERVICE TRAINING OF TVET TEACHERSOECD CFE
Presentation by Dr. Nguyen Quang Viet, Viet Nam, at the 9th OECD Southeast Asian Regional Policy Network on Education and Skills 11-12 October 2017, Ha Noi, Viet Nam.
More information: http://www.oecd.org/employment/leed/employmentesssa.htm
Presentation delivered by Iverene Bromfield, Dundee & Angus College on the VoCol Triangles Key Action 2 Vocational Education and Training (VET) project. This presentation was first delivered at the Learning Networks event held in Cardiff on December 3.
Ramirez-Montoya (2020) recently presented a review of literature pertaining OER and educational innovation, noting that although definitions of openness vary across sectoral spaces, the crossover between openness and innovation is an area of increasing interest. A core part of the story of open educational resources is that they can be used to create spaces for innovation in teaching and learning (Orr et al., 2015; Pitt & Smyth, 2017; Weller et al., 2015). As Coughlan et al. (2018) argue, there has been a lack of detailed analysis of the specific function of OER as a driver of innovation, and a single model has not yet captured the multi-faceted relationship between openness and innovation.
This presentation will present an overview of several major theories of innovation as they relate to contexts of open education, making clear connections to open educational practice and showing how innovation theories can apply to OER. The presentation is likely to be of interest to practitioners wishing to have a stronger theoretical and practical understanding of how OER can support innovative practice.
• Task-Artefact Cycle (Carroll, Kellog & Rosson, 1991)
• The diffusion of innovations theory (Rogers, 2010)
• SAMR framework (Puentedura, 2006; Orr et al., 2015)
• Cyclic Innovation Model (Berkhout, 2007)
• Forms of innovation in OER (Coughlan, Pitt & Farrow, 2018)
This work contributes to the European Network for Catalysing Open Resources in Education (ENCORE+). ENCORE+ is a pan-European Knowledge Alliance funded under the Erasmus+ programme. The project will run from 2021 to 2023 to support the modernisation of education in the European area through OER.
This lecture is part of the HUMANE Winter School hosted by the Barcelona School of Management in March 2024.
HUMANE (https://www.humane.eu) is Europe’s international network of higher education professionals. It aims to build global networks of professionals, foster innovation in higher education services and drive professional excellence in higher education management.
This lecture addresses the following questions:
1. What are the drivers of the internationalisation of higher education?
2. What are the benefits of internationalisation?
3. How has internationalisation led to the commercialisation of higher education in Anglophone countries?
4. How are the factors shaping the internationalisation of higher education changing?
It uses the University of Limerick's new "Action through Partnership: Global Engagement Strategy 2023-28" to illustrate the challenges and trade-offs when trying to balance internationalisation with a commitment to sustainable development and global social justice.
The function of microcredentials for the Open UniversityRobert Farrow
This presentation explores the reasons for adopting and developing microcredentials, and whether they currently satisfy those intentions. This draws on the development of microcedentials at the UK Open University and the experience of the European Microcredential Consortium project.
As with many educational technology developments, the hype and rhetoric sometimes outstrips the reality of implementation. MOOCs, learning analytics, artificial intelligence and blockchain have all seen intense periods of projected possible benefits, before settling into a narrower range of actual usage and recognised benefits. Microcredentials are perhaps still in the initial phase of being a development without an evidence base of practical use to support their claims, but some clear intentions from institutions are emerging and initial evidence regarding their take up by learners suggests avenues for their continued deployment.
It should be noted that development of microcredentials is not a zero cost game. They are costly to develop, often requiring different sets of expertise and tools. There is also an associated opportunity cost in developing them, for the time and resource they demand is effort that could be used on other initiatives. So in adopting them, institutions need to be asking two fundamental questions: “Are microcredentials worth this cost?” and “Do microcredentials represent the best way to realise these aims?”
This presentation will explore the answers to these questions, drawing on the experience of the OU in developing a range of microcredentials for the FutureLearn platform and the Erasmus+ EMC project which is examining the adoption of microcredentials for work based learning.
https://i-he2021.exordo.com/programme/presentation/254
Higher Education in Norway - Labour Market Relevance and OutcomesEduSkills OECD
The higher education system in Norway generally produces graduates with good skills and labour market outcomes. This success can be largely attributed to Norway’s robust and inclusive labour market and recent higher education reforms to improve quality. However, some Norwegian students have poor labour market outcomes and past success is no guarantee of future success, especially as the Norwegian economy upskills and diversifies. This report provides advice and recommendations to improve the labour market relevance and the outcomes of higher education in Norway. The analysis finds that there is an opportunity to expand work-based learning opportunities, improve career guidance, and do a better job of using innovative learning and teaching practices to improve labour market relevance across the system. The report concludes that Norwegian policy makers have a larger role to play in steering the system. Policy makers can set the conditions for greater labour market relevance by strengthening the mechanism for collaboration between higher education institutions and employers, ensuring better coordination and use of labour market information, and redoubling efforts to support quality learning and teaching. This report was developed as part of the OECD Enhancing Higher Education System Performance project.
Vocational education and training (VET) plays a central role in preparing young people for work, developing the skills of adults and responding to the labour-market needs of the economy. Teachers and leaders in VET can have an immediate and positive influence on learners’ skills, employability and career development. However, when compared to general academic programmes, there is limited evidence on the characteristics of teachers and institutional leaders in VET and the policies and practices of attracting and preparing them. VET teachers require a mix of pedagogical skills and occupational knowledge and experience, and need to keep these up to date to reflect changing skill needs in the labour market and evolving teaching and learning environments. This report fills the knowledge gap on teachers and leaders in VET, and produces new insights into what strategies and policies can help develop and maintain a well-prepared workforce. It zooms in on VET teacher shortages; strategies for attracting and retaining teachers; initial training and professional development opportunities for teachers; the use of innovative technologies and pedagogical strategies; and the important role of institutional leaders and strategies for better preparing and supporting them
Open Education Research: Methodology Insights from the Global OER Graduate Ne...Robert Farrow
This session will present an overview of the Global OER Graduate Network research methods handbook. The handbook, published in 2020, was developed by members of the network who are doctoral and post-doctoral researchers in open education, and serves as a useful starting point for anyone wishing to do research in education with a focus on OER, MOOCs or OEP.
An accessible and brief description of the types of methods typically used in research into education and educational technology will be provided. Some of the contrasting philosophical, epistemological and ontological commitments of different research paradigms will be used to differentiate alternative methodologies. Theoretical perspectives will be outlined (but not fully explored).
State-of-the-art approaches will be explored and their relevance for open education explained. The presentation will use examples of current doctoral research to highlight the use of different methods, and will convey insights into using different methods as shared by the researchers. This includes reflections on using different methods, and advice for conducting similar work.
Finally, the presentation will offer up for discussion a provisional model of open scholarship including open practices (agile project management; directly influencing practice; radical transparency; sharing research instruments; social media presence; networks); open science (open access; open data; open licensing); digital innovation (HCI; data science; open source technologies); and normative elements (challenging dominant narratives; promoting social justice; and reducing barriers to educational access).
Reference:
Farrow, R., Iniesto, F., Weller, M. & Pitt., R. (2020). The GO-GN Research Methods Handbook. Open Education Research Hub. The Open University, UK. CC-BY 4.0. http://go-gn.net/gogn_outputs/research-methods-handbook/
A introduction and overview of Open Educational Resources (OER): what they are; how open licences work; how OER are used; and how they support innovation
PRE-SERVICE AND IN-SERVICE TRAINING OF TVET TEACHERSOECD CFE
Presentation by Dr. Nguyen Quang Viet, Viet Nam, at the 9th OECD Southeast Asian Regional Policy Network on Education and Skills 11-12 October 2017, Ha Noi, Viet Nam.
More information: http://www.oecd.org/employment/leed/employmentesssa.htm
Presentation delivered by Iverene Bromfield, Dundee & Angus College on the VoCol Triangles Key Action 2 Vocational Education and Training (VET) project. This presentation was first delivered at the Learning Networks event held in Cardiff on December 3.
Ramirez-Montoya (2020) recently presented a review of literature pertaining OER and educational innovation, noting that although definitions of openness vary across sectoral spaces, the crossover between openness and innovation is an area of increasing interest. A core part of the story of open educational resources is that they can be used to create spaces for innovation in teaching and learning (Orr et al., 2015; Pitt & Smyth, 2017; Weller et al., 2015). As Coughlan et al. (2018) argue, there has been a lack of detailed analysis of the specific function of OER as a driver of innovation, and a single model has not yet captured the multi-faceted relationship between openness and innovation.
This presentation will present an overview of several major theories of innovation as they relate to contexts of open education, making clear connections to open educational practice and showing how innovation theories can apply to OER. The presentation is likely to be of interest to practitioners wishing to have a stronger theoretical and practical understanding of how OER can support innovative practice.
• Task-Artefact Cycle (Carroll, Kellog & Rosson, 1991)
• The diffusion of innovations theory (Rogers, 2010)
• SAMR framework (Puentedura, 2006; Orr et al., 2015)
• Cyclic Innovation Model (Berkhout, 2007)
• Forms of innovation in OER (Coughlan, Pitt & Farrow, 2018)
This work contributes to the European Network for Catalysing Open Resources in Education (ENCORE+). ENCORE+ is a pan-European Knowledge Alliance funded under the Erasmus+ programme. The project will run from 2021 to 2023 to support the modernisation of education in the European area through OER.
This lecture is part of the HUMANE Winter School hosted by the Barcelona School of Management in March 2024.
HUMANE (https://www.humane.eu) is Europe’s international network of higher education professionals. It aims to build global networks of professionals, foster innovation in higher education services and drive professional excellence in higher education management.
This lecture addresses the following questions:
1. What are the drivers of the internationalisation of higher education?
2. What are the benefits of internationalisation?
3. How has internationalisation led to the commercialisation of higher education in Anglophone countries?
4. How are the factors shaping the internationalisation of higher education changing?
It uses the University of Limerick's new "Action through Partnership: Global Engagement Strategy 2023-28" to illustrate the challenges and trade-offs when trying to balance internationalisation with a commitment to sustainable development and global social justice.
A panel of university international recruitment experts discuss how one develops and implements sustainable recruitment strategies, how recruitment budgets evolve and shape with time, how a recruiter uses data and institutional priorities to maximize a budget and the key components that make up an international recruitment strategy.
Managing an international branch campus dispatches from the front lineUniversity of Limerick
There has been a rapid growth in the number of UK universities establishing ‘international branch campuses’ around the world. The University of Nottingham provides the best-known example, with successful satellite campuses in Semenyih (Malaysia) and Ningbo (China). Liverpool, Southampton, Reading, Newcastle, Middlesex and Heriot-Watt all boast growing offshore campuses.
Managing an international branch campus brings a raft of new challenges. For the senior staff seconded from the UK to set up and nurture branch campuses, they have to deal with the growing pains of any start-up venture, with small numbers of staff having to juggle multiple roles until critical mass is achieved. In most cases, the organisational structure exposes them to the difficulties of running a joint-venture, juggling the demands of the home campus and the local partner. In every case, they have to negotiate the conflicting legislative environments of their home and host countries, often working across language and cultural divides.
This presentation is based on a qualitative study of the challenges facing the managers of UK international branch campuses. Senior managers at a number of UK campuses in Malaysia, China and the United Arab Emirates were interviewed and the results analysed to identify the key issues and problems they face and the coping strategies that they have developed. It offers an insight into the world of the new breed of expatriate academic manager.
Ocwc2014 policies-bacsich final and refsPaul Bacsich
This presentation responds to the challenge of developing policies for OER uptake in the higher education sector of a given country, with particular reference to the smaller countries of the European Union (countries with no more than around 10 million people). It takes a case study approach, reviewing how the POERUP project (Policies for OER Uptake, part-funded by the Lifelong Learning Programme of the EU) is developing policies for three smaller countries: Ireland (an EU member state) and Wales and Scotland (two semi-autonomous regions of the United Kingdom, fully autonomous in educational terms). The inclusion of Wales and Scotland also throws light on the challenge of developing policies for federal countries where higher education is developed to the province/state level.
Factors that seem to be of particular relevance to smaller states include:
1. less money for extensive research and policy analysis
2. more influence of regional and isolated areas
3. easier decision-making, at least in theory
4. issues of lack of economies of scale, in particular if the national language is state-specific
5. greater interest in collaboration with some nearby states on educational issues
6. a smaller set of institutions, causing issues with generating or maintaining institutional diversity of mission unless the process is managed
7. potentially greater danger of dominance by private sector interests
8. potentially large edge effects of student flows from nearby states, potentially made worse if funding and regulatory regimes are attractive to incomers.
The analysis includes studying the interplay between the recommendations produced by international policy work relating to OER and the national policy context (which in some cases makes no mention of OER, in others makes considerable mention but not always correlated with or aware of international issues).
The starting point within POERUP is the document "Policy advice for universities" of which release 1 is currently available, but which is being updated in the light of comments and incoming data. This reviews recent international policy (e.g. COL, UNESCO); EU policies (including Bologna, Europe 2020, Recognition and validation of non-formal and informal learning, European higher education in the world, and most recently, Opening Up Education), relevant to OER and consolidated evidence from a variety of national contexts, to make a set of (currently) 18 recommendations designed not only to foster OER but also the changes in higher education that OER is foreseen as helping to foster - such as more flexible accreditation, encouragement of a wider community to take part in higher education, and a vision of higher education focussed more on competences and skills gained and less on duration of study. See Policies at EU-level for OER uptake in universities - http://www.scribd.com/doc/169430544/Policies-at-EU-level-for-OER-uptake-in-universities
Introduction the Erasmus+ programme for UK organisations interested in applying for funding in 2017. This presentation covers opportunities for higher education institutions. For slides with an overview of the programme and other sector-specific sessions (vocational education and training, schools, adult education and youth), please visit our clipboard: http://www.slideshare.net/ErasmusPlusUK/clipboards/2017-call-erasmus-information-sessions
The challenges of leading an international branch campus: the ‘lived experien...University of Limerick
In recent years, an increasing number of major universities have set up international branch campuses (IBCs). There are now over 200 IBCs, with more under development. Little is known about the unique challenges that face IBC managers, who are normally seconded from the home university to set up and operate the satellite campus in a new and alien environment. At the same time, there are significant financial and reputational risks for the home university should an IBC fail. This presentation reports the results of a qualitative study into the ‘lived experiences’ of IBC managers working in the three largest host markets for IBCs – China, Malaysia and the United Arab Emirates. It finds that the fundamental challenge for managers is balancing the competing demands of a range of internal and external stakeholders and concludes that universities need to do more to prepare and support IBC managers.
TNE partnerships: the challenges of managing partnerships across borders and...University of Limerick
This is the second of two lectures for the University of Bath MA in International Higher Education Management. It covers:
1. The dimensions of the management challenges
Culture
Language
Legislation
2. The limitations of home universities in managing TNE
3. The stakeholders in TNE revisited
4. What do stakeholders want from TNE?
Home university
Joint venture partner
Host government
Students
5. The importance of alignment
6. Case studies of successful and failed TNE partnerships
TNE partnerships: the challenges of managing partnerships across borders and ...University of Limerick
This lecture is part of the MA in International Higher Education Management at the University of Bath. It covers TNE partnerships: the challenges of managing partnerships across borders and culture:
1. The dimensions of the management challenges
2. The limitations of home universities in managing TNE
3. The stakeholders in TNE revisited
4. What do stakeholders want from TNE?
5. The importance of alignment
6. Case studies of successful and failed TNE partnerships
This presentation was given to at the Offre d’enseignement supérieur a l’étranger: incitations bénéfices et modelés économiques – analyse et retours d’expérience workshop on transnational education (TNE) organised by France Stratégie. It sets out the traditional business models for TNE, discussing the way that these are blurring and changing over time. It then considers the forces driving the changes in TNE and speculates on a future in which TNE business models will change so significantly that they will no longer be TNE as we currently understand the concept.
Is Transnational Education the Future of Internationalisation for Higher Educ...University of Limerick
The UK has been the main exporting country for transnational education (TNE) – that is, for providing higher education to foreign students who study wholly in their own country. In the latest data (2020/21), UK universities reported 488,095 TNE enrolments, up 13% on 2019/20. This compares with 605,130 for international students studying in the UK.
Post-Covid, there is growing interest in New Zealand entering the global TNE market. There are several reasons for this interest:
- Covid-19 and growing geo-political tensions have blunted the appetite for conventional export education (studying overseas) in key source markets, notably China
- While global enrolments in higher education have soared to reach 235.3m by 2020, only 6.1m (2.4%) are internationally mobile, a percentage which has not changed since 1980
- Export education is increasingly seen as exploitative and environmentally unsustainable. TNE, in contrast, reduces the carbon footprint of international education and typically involves building deep partnerships between exporting HEIs and the host countries.
This presentation considers what New Zealand universities can learn from past and present global TNE development, and reflects on where Aotearoa’s approach may differ from the UK’s. It examines the need for stringent Quality Assurance processes to ensure students entering TNE pathways are set up for success.
This presentation considers the benefits of transnational education (TNE) to host countries and to TNE partners in the host country. It reviews the scale and the benefits of ‘traditional’ TNE, which is generally understood to entail a university in one country (eg, the UK) providing educational services to students in another (eg, Thailand). It argues that although this tends to be an ‘unbalanced’ partnership, nonetheless traditional TNE does provide tangible benefits to the host country in terms of technology transfer (including curriculum, pedagogy and quality assurance) and faculty development, as witnessed by the way in which the private sector in Malaysia has used TNE to develop its higher education sector. It goes on to look at emerging forms of TNE, which are more explicitly based on a genuine partnerships of equals, arguing that these new forms hold out the best prospects of building lasting partnerships.
Similar to Steve Phillips: Internationalisation. Home. Overseas. Both (20)
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
The Art Pastor's Guide to Sabbath | Steve ThomasonSteve Thomason
What is the purpose of the Sabbath Law in the Torah. It is interesting to compare how the context of the law shifts from Exodus to Deuteronomy. Who gets to rest, and why?
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
2. There are two types of internationalisation
of education that run in parallel:
internationalisation at home and
internationalisation abroad,
or transnational education
3. 1. Context
2. Transnational Education (TNE)
3. Internationalise overseas
4. Internationalise at home
5. Business models, and associated risks
6. BSC: an overseas case study
7. DIT report findings, any barriers?
8. The B-word
4. Context
English Language industry UK statistics
(bad news)
• 1.5 million Student Weeks in 2006
• 2.2 million Student Weeks in 2011
• 1.5 million Student Weeks in 2016
• Largest decreases from Japan, South Korea,
Spain, Colombia, Brazil, and Russia
Source: English UK Statistics reports (various)
5. Context
International Student Mobility (good news)
Growth rate 2012 - 2015
Ireland 42%
New Zealand 39%
Canada 27%
USA 22%
Australia 18%
Germany 16%
UK 0.7%
Source: UUKi, Little known facts about international student mobility
6. Transnational
Education (TNE)
• ‘The provision of a higher education degree programme
leading to a UK qualification for students based in a
country other than the one in which the awarding
institution is located. This includes joint, double or dual
awards’ (Universities UK definition)
• ‘Transnational education (TNE) is education delivered in
a country other than the country in which the provider is
based’ (SP definition)
7. Transnational
Education (TNE)
• University of Nottingham - Malaysia Campus opened in
September 2000. It was the first ever branch campus of
a British University established outside the UK - earning
the distinction of the Queen's Award for Enterprise 2001
• Now: 4 in 5 UK Higher Education providers deliver
overseas
• There are currently 1.6 times as many students studying
UK Higher education awards overseas than there are
international students at universities in the UK
Source: The Scale and Scope of UK Higher Education
Transnational Education. June 2016 (HE Global)
8. • The top 5 countries that UK TNE is delivered in have
remained constant since 2012/13:
1. Malaysia
2. Singapore
3. Hong Kong
4. China
5. Oman
9. • There are only 15 countries in the world where the UK
does not offer any Higher education TNE
• There has been around 10 years of growth for UK TNE.
The growth rate between 2013/14 and 2014/15 was 13%
• One third of UK international students for undergraduate
studies come through TNE
• 50% of Chinese students currently in the UK came through
TNE
10. TNE strategic
overview:
higher
education
• Almost all higher education institutions (HEIs) plan
to increase the number of TNE programmes,
subjects, countries and students according to four
out of five HEIs (80%). This suggests that the
appetite for UK TNE is not plateauing, and overseas
markets are not saturated.
11. TNE strategic
overview
(HEIs)
• In terms of organisational and management related
issues, UK institutions are predominantly
responsible for:
curriculum development, quality assurance,
assessment, teaching, staff development
• Host institutions are responsible for:
learning resources, buildings and infrastructure,
pastoral support and academic support.
12. TNE strategic
overview
(HEIs)
The main drivers for TNE provision are:
I. Increasing student numbers
II. Increasing institutional reputation
III. Increasing income
13. Internationalise
overseas
• BC reported that global mobility of tertiary aged
students is due to increase annually by 1.7% between
2015 and 2027
• This represents a decrease from the growth of 5.7% that
was experienced between 2000 and 2015
(from British Council January 2018 -
International students mobility to 2027: Local investment,
global outcomes)
14. Internationalise
overseas
• Governments’ national language policies and
internationalisation strategies:
Examples: Vietnam MoET National Foreign Language
2020 Project, Colombia, Kyrgyzstan
• Countries keen to become education hubs
Sri Lanka to establish itself as an education hub in
Asia, trading on its strategic location, tourism appeal
and significant development planned – which includes
a GBP £1bn ambitious port city project, funded by
Chinese investment.
Turkey, from 140,000 to 350,000 international
students in the next 7 years, government backed
initiative
15. Internationalise
at home
• After 3 years of consecutive downturn, 2017 saw a
rebound by the UK ELT industry.
• An increase of 14% of student numbers from 2016
• An increase of 5% of student weeks
• London & Scotland were the biggest gainers percentage-
wise, both enjoying 11% growth from 2016
• Markets outside the EU generated 63% of all student
weeks, while contributing 42% of students
• Under 18s: 10 years ago represented 25% of the UK ELT
market (students not SWs)– now 53%
Source: English UK – Student Statistics Report 05/2018
16. Internationalise
at home
Signs of a recovery (student marketing 2018)
• USA developments (helping other destinations)
• Pound exchange rates helping the UK
• More innovation
• Destination promotion
• More opportunities for UK junior market
17. Internationalise
at home
2018 ICEF i-graduate Agent Barometer results
Responses from 1,300 agents in 101 countries
• The vast majority of agents responding to the 2018
survey – between 74% and 84% for most programme
categories – said that they expect to place more students
in the next 12 months than in the previous year
The chart on the next slide maps changes in the reported
attractiveness of major English-speaking study destinations
between the 2014 and 2018 surveys.
18. Trends in overall attractiveness for leading English-speaking study destinations. Source: i-graduate/ICEF
19. Overseas business models
There is ‘no one size fits all’ as far as TNE programmes are concerned - there is great diversity to
delivery models
UK universities have started to move into a different type of engagement, with
partnerships at the centre. There has been a trend towards more partnership-led models.
20. Overseas business models
• Physical presence - branch campuses
• Flying faculty
• mixed models
• Distance/online learning e.g. either with or without local support
• Local delivery partnerships e.g. franchised delivery
• joint and dual degrees, twinning arrangements
• validation and quality arrangements
21. Business
models:
partnership
opportunities
Language learning models: requests for the BSC TNE team,
last 24 months:
• Brand licensing
• Franchising
• Joint Ventures
• Teacher Training partnerships
• Curriculum sharing
• Certification services
• School purchases
• Start-ups
• Accreditation services
23. BSC Algeria
case study
• Franchise model – local ownership
• Based in Oran, Algeria’s 2nd largest city
• Opened summer 2017
• Taught over 500 students in the first year
• Director of Studies is UK national (TEFLQ)
• Advantages & Disadvantages
24. The barriers to delivering English
Language teaching overseas
Ipsos MORI research for the
Department for International Trade
(DIT) 2018
.
25. Delivering education projects overseas remains a key
priority for UK Government and the research is to
understand the capacity of the UK English language
teaching industry to deliver overseas, and how UK
Government can support in expanding provision
.
26. The specific
objectives
were to:
I. Examine current English language teaching provision
that is delivered overseas by UK providers
II. Gauge the potential for expanding provision of English
language teaching overseas
III. Understand the barriers to providing teaching
overseas
IV. Explore how government can support centres to
overcome these barriers
27. Report
findings
• Provision of English Language teaching overseas was low.
One in five centres (21%) were currently delivering
courses or activities overseas, but over three-quarters
(79%) were not
• Two key reasons for choosing to deliver overseas:
I. demand from students
II. to grow or expand the business
28. Report
findings
• Centres were aware of the potential opportunities for
delivering overseas
• Centres had been approached by students, agents,
businesses and schools based overseas, with regards to
business proposals and/or requests to form partnerships
• Centres that were currently delivering overseas (or were
interested in doing so) perceived overseas delivery to be
a growing market and wanted to expand their current
provision.
29. Report
findings
• At the same time, centres had experienced a reduced or
stagnated demand for delivering courses in the UK. This
was felt to be caused by stricter immigration and visa
rules and by a growing preference for shorter or online
courses, or courses offered locally.
• Shrinking demand in the UK forced some centres to
pursue overseas delivery as a means of economic
‘survival’.
30. Report
findings
• Centres preferred to use local partners for ease and
access
• Local delivery partners were a popular choice of delivery
mode, as they offered quicker and easier routes to
market, at a fraction of the cost of setting up physical
presence.
• These partnerships also offered additional benefits, such
as knowledge of local cultures and languages and
guidance on essential administrative processes. Using
foreign delivery partnerships also omitted barriers such
as the need to obtain licenses or visas to send UK staff
aboard.
• Smaller centres struggled with competition from larger
chains, which had existing, long-standing networks in big
cities across the globe. This made it harder for them to
access foreign delivery partners in an affordable way.
31. Research highlights:
• Half of centres had received enquiries to deliver
teaching overseas, mainly from Asia, Europe, and
the Middle East
• These enquiries were usually about English
language teaching, teacher training, or preparation
for academic studies
• The difficulty of finding potential partners in target
markets was the biggest perceived barrier to
delivering teaching overseas (37%)
33. The B-word
In 2016 English UK polled members about their opinions on
the potential business impact of the referendum:
• Over 75% of member centres believe remaining in the EU
is best for business
• 77% said that leaving the EU would be “bad” or “very
bad” for business.
• 6% of members thought leaving the EU would have a
positive effect on their business.
34. The B-word
Hot off the press: excerpts from evidence given by the
Immigration Minister to the Home Affairs Select Committee
(October 2018)
I. I think it is really important that as part of a future
mobility framework, we continue to work closely with
the EU and individual member states, to ensure that
going forward we can have a reciprocal arrangement
where EU citizens can continue to travel here for short-
term visits for up to three months
Caroline Nokes: Minister of State for Immigration
35. The B-word
I. EEA passengers still can, will be able to and do use
their identity cards. I have to say that that is not my
preference. I wish everybody would travel on a
biometric passport. Those EU citizens who use them
currently will still be entitled to use them post Brexit
as part of the citizens’ rights agreement that we
reached with the EU up until 2025, which gives them
plenty of time to plan to have a biometric passport
Caroline Nokes: Minister of State for Immigration
37. ‘Speed now, fair guests!’ she said ‘And
hold to your purpose!’
‘A blessing on your footsteps and make
haste while the sun shines!’
Goldberry from Lord of the Rings
J.R.R Tolkien 1954