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Introduction
Marketers are constantly seeking ways to make their products more easily
identifiable to specific groups of end users. In some cases, they may
intentionally or unintentionally use stereotyping to show a product as
appealing to their desired target market or in an attempt to interject humor
into the ad. Advertising stereotypes are often race, gender, sexual or
nationality-based in nature.
They act as easy proxies to capture consumer mind space often at the
expense of the moral values and ethics. Over the past century popular media
including TV, Print, Digital etc. have been propagating the stereotypes
without shame. Though some MNCs have clarified their stand on these,
marketers often insert these elements smartly enough and disguised, that it
acts at a sub-conscious level.
I have selected Sexuality and Gender roles as topics for evaluation. All the
ads have been rated only from the respective point of view; since some ads
which are great from a marketing objective have been rated low on these
parameters.
*All images are hyperlinked to the advertisements for reference.
Coca Cola : El SMS (TheText)
Company
Coca-Cola LatinAmerica
Agency:
Pereira & O'Dell
Director:
Dustin Lance Black
Country:
Brazil & LatinAmerica
Rating*:
*on a scale of (-10,+10)
7
Coca Cola : El SMS (TheText)
Plot:
The campaign, focuses on various different scenarios which question what makes a true friend (#VerdaderoAmigo). In this eight-minute film, a group of
teen boys joke and tease each other in the usual high school way about girls, video games and such-like. Two of the boys are especially close buddies, but
Rafael is hiding something from his friend Diego– he’s gay. When he leaves his phone unattended, Diego reads a text that surprises him. His decision to
cover for his friend, and accept him for who he is, is what cements this true friendship. And, as Rafael points out, gay guys know all the pretty girls.
Positives:
• A closer-to life representation of LGBT community is what makes this gem stand out from the rest of the ads Coke released in the last decade in Latin-
America. It closely depicts the bonding between friends without any cliché dialogues or stereotypes; both characters behave like adults with respect to
their body language and there is never any shade of femininity to the gay character as usually depicted on screen.
• The positive-message also stands out – “ dispel any atmosphere of fear that might prevent LGBT people from sharing their lives openly."
Negatives:
• Product placement (the secret is revealed when the gay-character is asked to fetch Coke from the fridge in another room) seems a bit force-fitted,
though the treatment satisfies the critic.
• The idea of gay boys knowing more beautiful girls seems to be driven by another popular stereotype promoted by media.
Analysis:
The Advertisement was critically acclaimed and served as an important pro-LGBT measure taken
by Coke ; attempting to repair its relationship with the LGBT community.(Coca-Cola faced protests
and boycotts when it failed to speak out against Russia’s anti-gay laws while sponsoring the Sochi
Winter Olympics.)
Google :The Story of Jacob and City Gym
Company
Google
Agency:
Mullen
Director:
NA
Country:
USA
Rating*:
*on a scale of (-10,+10)
8
Google :The Story of Jacob and City Gym
Plot:
The Story of Jacob is a two minute portrayal of Jacob, a man originally born in a female’s body, and the discomfort he felt growing up in his person. The
advertisement stars two persons, Jacob and Hailey Blandwalsh – the owner of City Gym. As the advertisement progresses it illustrates the process that
Jacob had to go through to attain his desired body. The piece then transitions to Hailey and the amount of time she has dedicated to helping him – assisting
him and many others in achieving their goal. Through the portrayal of Jacob’s life, this advertisement utilizes acceptance and inclusiveness – no matter the
enormity of the aspiration – to promote City Gym.
Positives:
• One of the few ads where MNCs have come with such a realistic portrayal of the anxiety and problems of a Transgender unlike Lesbians and Gays which
were part of popular culture since 1950s.
• The owner of the Gym in the ad also affirms “City Gym was born with the belief that a gym should be more than a place to work out, it should be a
place to belong.” thereby promoting the idea of Inclusive nature of public places which Google have been vocal for a decade.
• The portrayal ofTransgenders here was refreshing change from the popular pop-icons usually shown in skimpy costumes having eccentric behavior.
Negatives:
• “The guys are physically getting stronger, ……. They’re building the capacity to feel confident, to feel strong.” conveys the stereotype that to be a man ,
one has to build their physique(appearance) and take injections to be masculine; which reaffirms gender stereotypes.
Analysis :
Over 1.3 million people have viewed the ad onYouTube.Though well
received by the critics and pro-LGBT supporters, it was questioned by
activists regarding the pending bills on transgender rights in USA.
Starbucks : Coffee Frenemies
Company
Starbucks
Agency:
NA
Director:
NA
Country:
Canada
Rating*:
*on a scale of (-10,+10)
-3
Starbucks : Coffee Frenemies
Plot:
Starbuck’s latest ad features Bianca Del Rio and Adore Delano, fan favorites from the sixth season of RuPaul’s Drag Race who are both very cranky and
under-caffeinated while waiting in a long Starbucks line. They begin to argue and trade insults, but then the smiley barista hands them both their steaming
beverages — and boom! Friendship repaired.
Positives:
• LGBT Inclusion by one of the top brands is commendable.
Negatives:
• Transgender stereotypes of body language and over-the-top dressing which pop-culture has ingrained.
• Popular stereotypes ofTransgender lingo and interaction being reinforced; often depicted as clowns for everyone to laugh at.
Analysis :
The ad was received well by popular audience but met with little support from LGBT community citing reasons that the ad features them as clowns in a
circus meant to make others laugh. Some pointed out the inclusion factor but criticized the firm for reinforcing the stereotypes people have about
Transgender community.
“It's simple, funny, and doesn't hit viewers over the head with aVery Important Message. Drag queens are entertainers, and so, this ad entertains.
PSAs have their place, but this kind of media plays a crucial role in normalizing and integrating the LGBTQ community into mainstream consciousness.
Not everyone's had personal experience with drag queens. But, we're all too familiar withStarbucks.”
Source:http://www.refinery29.com/2014/10/77084/starbucks-drag-queen-commercial
Motorola : Super Bowl XLIV
Company
Motorola
Agency:
NA
Director:
NA
Country:
USA
Rating*:
*on a scale of (-10,+10)
-6
Motorola : Super Bowl XLIV
Plot:
Motorola tries to introduce an expensive range of Mobiles using a semi-naked Megan Fox using the product with a hilarious backstory featuring people at
work, gays etc.
Positives:
• NA
Negatives:
• Sex sells attitude of the brand; depicting the protagonist in nudity
• Two highly effeminate-looking men slapping each other in an apparent lovers’ quarrel; another popular gay stereotype.
Analysis :
Though the ad helped to garner attention, critics panned the ad as being stereotypical on the Sexuality side. New York Times advertising columnist Stuart
Elliott says that slapstick ads in particular were “overused,” a reflection of Motorola’s reluctance to take risks in difficult times. The ad also received flak
from all corners since it used sex a s a medium to gain attention for a highly pad slot during Super Bowl.
Pantene : labels against women
Company
Pantene
Agency:
BBDO
Director:
NA
Country:
Philippines
Rating*:
*on a scale of (-10,+10)
7
Pantene : labels against women
Plot:
In this spot by BBDO Guerrero in Manila, a lovely cover of "Mad World" by Tears for Fears plays while each scene displays a double-standard in a working
environment. A man is the "boss" while a woman is "bossy." A man is "persuasive" while a woman is "pushy." He's "neat" but she's "vain." He's "smooth" but
she's a "show-off." "Don't let labels hold you back. Be strong and shine," says the copy at the end.
Positives:
• Depicts the mindset of society towards a women; especially a working women(possible the target segment)
• Girl, embrace your strong and capable self- message conveyed effectively
Negatives:
• Its not talking to women as such; it just touches the corporate world.
• Usage of light-skinned models
Analysis:
Supported by feminists worldwide the ad was further released in Americas with minor cuts owing to the popularity it gained in short span of time. Despite
the fact that they used fair models to depict the story in a corporate setting, the idea was effectively conveyed to the target audience and was a welcome
change among the shampoo ads depicting women in shower. There's nary a shampoo bottle in sight, although glossy hair certainly features here. But the
video delivers, and the #whipit campaign has inspired discussion on both theYouTube video and Facebook.
Gender-stereotypes were also criticized in the ad.The ad received attention from celebrities like Sheryl Sandberg.
Barbie : ImagineThe Possibilities
Company:
Barbie
Agency:
BBDO
Director:
NA
Country:
USA
Rating*:
*on a scale of (-10,+10)
8
Barbie : ImagineThe Possibilities
Plot:
in the two-minute commercial, hidden cameras capture five girls pretending to be professionals in real-life settings. One girl is a college professor, teaching
a real group of students about the brain. Another is a soccer coach, instructing her confused team of male athletes to kick those "knees up like a unicorn!"
Others play veterinarians, jet-setting businesswomen, and tour guides — all to unsuspecting adults who find the whole encounter adorable. The twist, of
course, comes at the end, when Professor Gwyneth asks her class to answer a question about brains, and it's revealed that she's actually been imagining
the entire thing all along. In truth, she's right in her bedroom, lecturing a bunch of her Barbie dolls in makeshift cardboard seats.
Positives:
• Taking deviation from the PINK only Barbie campaigns; which for decades connected womanhood with pink
• Depicting the roles- scientist, football player, archaeologist etc. a girl can take in her life and breaking gender stereotypes.
• "When a girl plays with Barbie, she imagines everything she can become" — positive message
Negatives:
• Only fair-skinned models appear throughout the commercial
Analysis:
The Mattel campaign is about open play, returning the brand to its roots and celebrating young girls’ journeys of self-discovery. The franchise's mission to
return to its roots of open-play and self-discovery is clear, and even though the ad's tag line — "When a girl plays with Barbie, she imagines everything she
can become" — might be a bit optimistic.
The ad was widely discussed and viewed, owing mostly to the welcome change and positive message.
P&G :ThankYou, Mom
Company
P&G
Agency:
Wieden + Kennedy
Director:
NA
Country:
Europe-Sochi Olympics
Rating*:
*on a scale of (-10,+10)
-2
P&G :ThankYou, Mom
Plot:
Aired just before the London Olympics, this ad is a montage of mothers encouraging their children to get up and try again .It starts with several toddlers
who fall after a few uncertain steps. The clip quickly cuts to small children slipping on skates, skis and snowboards. As the children grow older, moms lift
them to their feet, comfort crying kids and tend to injuries. Teenage athletes fall in a series of spills as concerned mothers look on. One injured girl soldiers
her way to a car on crutches with mom in tow. Then in the last 45 seconds, Olympic athletes soar on skis and snowboards and land with sure feet on ice
skates as crowds roar and relieved moms cheer from sidelines. It ends with the message: "For teaching us that falling only makes us stronger.“ At the end,
the clip flashesTide detergent, Pampers diapers, Gillette razors, Duracell batteries, Bounty paper towels -- and P&G corporate logos.
Positives:
• Less forced product placement throughout the ad; no clutter in message delivery.
• Positive message about mothers role in upbringing-emotional and convincing.
Negatives:
• Despite an Olympic release, the ad lacked international representation.
• Reinforcing the gender stereotypes of Mother being the home-maker.
• Surprising absence of Male characters.
Analysis:
An advertisement viewed and discussed by people around the globe, and winner of numerous awards definitely is a great “equity-advertisement” from a
marketing point of view, but definitely raises questions from a gender side. It fails to move ahead of time with respect to stereotypes on role of a mom as
home-maker. Though it’s embraced as celebratory, it is in fact a patronizing insult—restricting mothers to the domestic sphere with empty
sentimentalizing. It limits not just mothers; it confines all women to the home, burdening mothers with duties fathers and society at large should share.
Head & Shoulders Men : Score ya bore
Company
Head & Shoulders
Agency:
NA
Director:
NA
Country:
India
Rating*:
*on a scale of (-10,+10)
-7
Head & Shoulders Men: Score ya bore
Plot:
A husband watching a daily soap with his wife ,worries about the story, costumes and happenings in the serial; while the wife looks surprised. The screen
suddenly displays “Stop before you stop being a man” and then explains that his feminine behavior is caused by use of his wife’s shampoo. The product is
introduced and the man is shown swapping the channel to watch a sports channel.
Positives:
• NA.
Negatives:
• Male stereotypes of being macho and watching Sports channels
• Women stereotype of watching daily soaps and worrying about the costumes.
• Depicting women as a inferior segment.
Analysis:
A seemingly funny yet stupid concept from P&G which depicts being women as
Inferior to men, and showing gender stereotypes on behavior(. the woman
climaxes in relief with a boys-will-be-boys look when the man stops blabbering
aboutTV soaps and fights for the remote control to watch a cricket match.) was
criticized by activists and hence being rated low.
Stereotypes in Brand Communication | IIM Calcutta | MTCI

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Stereotypes in Brand Communication | IIM Calcutta | MTCI

  • 1.
  • 2. Introduction Marketers are constantly seeking ways to make their products more easily identifiable to specific groups of end users. In some cases, they may intentionally or unintentionally use stereotyping to show a product as appealing to their desired target market or in an attempt to interject humor into the ad. Advertising stereotypes are often race, gender, sexual or nationality-based in nature. They act as easy proxies to capture consumer mind space often at the expense of the moral values and ethics. Over the past century popular media including TV, Print, Digital etc. have been propagating the stereotypes without shame. Though some MNCs have clarified their stand on these, marketers often insert these elements smartly enough and disguised, that it acts at a sub-conscious level. I have selected Sexuality and Gender roles as topics for evaluation. All the ads have been rated only from the respective point of view; since some ads which are great from a marketing objective have been rated low on these parameters. *All images are hyperlinked to the advertisements for reference.
  • 3.
  • 4. Coca Cola : El SMS (TheText) Company Coca-Cola LatinAmerica Agency: Pereira & O'Dell Director: Dustin Lance Black Country: Brazil & LatinAmerica Rating*: *on a scale of (-10,+10) 7
  • 5. Coca Cola : El SMS (TheText) Plot: The campaign, focuses on various different scenarios which question what makes a true friend (#VerdaderoAmigo). In this eight-minute film, a group of teen boys joke and tease each other in the usual high school way about girls, video games and such-like. Two of the boys are especially close buddies, but Rafael is hiding something from his friend Diego– he’s gay. When he leaves his phone unattended, Diego reads a text that surprises him. His decision to cover for his friend, and accept him for who he is, is what cements this true friendship. And, as Rafael points out, gay guys know all the pretty girls. Positives: • A closer-to life representation of LGBT community is what makes this gem stand out from the rest of the ads Coke released in the last decade in Latin- America. It closely depicts the bonding between friends without any cliché dialogues or stereotypes; both characters behave like adults with respect to their body language and there is never any shade of femininity to the gay character as usually depicted on screen. • The positive-message also stands out – “ dispel any atmosphere of fear that might prevent LGBT people from sharing their lives openly." Negatives: • Product placement (the secret is revealed when the gay-character is asked to fetch Coke from the fridge in another room) seems a bit force-fitted, though the treatment satisfies the critic. • The idea of gay boys knowing more beautiful girls seems to be driven by another popular stereotype promoted by media. Analysis: The Advertisement was critically acclaimed and served as an important pro-LGBT measure taken by Coke ; attempting to repair its relationship with the LGBT community.(Coca-Cola faced protests and boycotts when it failed to speak out against Russia’s anti-gay laws while sponsoring the Sochi Winter Olympics.)
  • 6. Google :The Story of Jacob and City Gym Company Google Agency: Mullen Director: NA Country: USA Rating*: *on a scale of (-10,+10) 8
  • 7. Google :The Story of Jacob and City Gym Plot: The Story of Jacob is a two minute portrayal of Jacob, a man originally born in a female’s body, and the discomfort he felt growing up in his person. The advertisement stars two persons, Jacob and Hailey Blandwalsh – the owner of City Gym. As the advertisement progresses it illustrates the process that Jacob had to go through to attain his desired body. The piece then transitions to Hailey and the amount of time she has dedicated to helping him – assisting him and many others in achieving their goal. Through the portrayal of Jacob’s life, this advertisement utilizes acceptance and inclusiveness – no matter the enormity of the aspiration – to promote City Gym. Positives: • One of the few ads where MNCs have come with such a realistic portrayal of the anxiety and problems of a Transgender unlike Lesbians and Gays which were part of popular culture since 1950s. • The owner of the Gym in the ad also affirms “City Gym was born with the belief that a gym should be more than a place to work out, it should be a place to belong.” thereby promoting the idea of Inclusive nature of public places which Google have been vocal for a decade. • The portrayal ofTransgenders here was refreshing change from the popular pop-icons usually shown in skimpy costumes having eccentric behavior. Negatives: • “The guys are physically getting stronger, ……. They’re building the capacity to feel confident, to feel strong.” conveys the stereotype that to be a man , one has to build their physique(appearance) and take injections to be masculine; which reaffirms gender stereotypes. Analysis : Over 1.3 million people have viewed the ad onYouTube.Though well received by the critics and pro-LGBT supporters, it was questioned by activists regarding the pending bills on transgender rights in USA.
  • 8. Starbucks : Coffee Frenemies Company Starbucks Agency: NA Director: NA Country: Canada Rating*: *on a scale of (-10,+10) -3
  • 9. Starbucks : Coffee Frenemies Plot: Starbuck’s latest ad features Bianca Del Rio and Adore Delano, fan favorites from the sixth season of RuPaul’s Drag Race who are both very cranky and under-caffeinated while waiting in a long Starbucks line. They begin to argue and trade insults, but then the smiley barista hands them both their steaming beverages — and boom! Friendship repaired. Positives: • LGBT Inclusion by one of the top brands is commendable. Negatives: • Transgender stereotypes of body language and over-the-top dressing which pop-culture has ingrained. • Popular stereotypes ofTransgender lingo and interaction being reinforced; often depicted as clowns for everyone to laugh at. Analysis : The ad was received well by popular audience but met with little support from LGBT community citing reasons that the ad features them as clowns in a circus meant to make others laugh. Some pointed out the inclusion factor but criticized the firm for reinforcing the stereotypes people have about Transgender community. “It's simple, funny, and doesn't hit viewers over the head with aVery Important Message. Drag queens are entertainers, and so, this ad entertains. PSAs have their place, but this kind of media plays a crucial role in normalizing and integrating the LGBTQ community into mainstream consciousness. Not everyone's had personal experience with drag queens. But, we're all too familiar withStarbucks.” Source:http://www.refinery29.com/2014/10/77084/starbucks-drag-queen-commercial
  • 10. Motorola : Super Bowl XLIV Company Motorola Agency: NA Director: NA Country: USA Rating*: *on a scale of (-10,+10) -6
  • 11. Motorola : Super Bowl XLIV Plot: Motorola tries to introduce an expensive range of Mobiles using a semi-naked Megan Fox using the product with a hilarious backstory featuring people at work, gays etc. Positives: • NA Negatives: • Sex sells attitude of the brand; depicting the protagonist in nudity • Two highly effeminate-looking men slapping each other in an apparent lovers’ quarrel; another popular gay stereotype. Analysis : Though the ad helped to garner attention, critics panned the ad as being stereotypical on the Sexuality side. New York Times advertising columnist Stuart Elliott says that slapstick ads in particular were “overused,” a reflection of Motorola’s reluctance to take risks in difficult times. The ad also received flak from all corners since it used sex a s a medium to gain attention for a highly pad slot during Super Bowl.
  • 12.
  • 13. Pantene : labels against women Company Pantene Agency: BBDO Director: NA Country: Philippines Rating*: *on a scale of (-10,+10) 7
  • 14. Pantene : labels against women Plot: In this spot by BBDO Guerrero in Manila, a lovely cover of "Mad World" by Tears for Fears plays while each scene displays a double-standard in a working environment. A man is the "boss" while a woman is "bossy." A man is "persuasive" while a woman is "pushy." He's "neat" but she's "vain." He's "smooth" but she's a "show-off." "Don't let labels hold you back. Be strong and shine," says the copy at the end. Positives: • Depicts the mindset of society towards a women; especially a working women(possible the target segment) • Girl, embrace your strong and capable self- message conveyed effectively Negatives: • Its not talking to women as such; it just touches the corporate world. • Usage of light-skinned models Analysis: Supported by feminists worldwide the ad was further released in Americas with minor cuts owing to the popularity it gained in short span of time. Despite the fact that they used fair models to depict the story in a corporate setting, the idea was effectively conveyed to the target audience and was a welcome change among the shampoo ads depicting women in shower. There's nary a shampoo bottle in sight, although glossy hair certainly features here. But the video delivers, and the #whipit campaign has inspired discussion on both theYouTube video and Facebook. Gender-stereotypes were also criticized in the ad.The ad received attention from celebrities like Sheryl Sandberg.
  • 15. Barbie : ImagineThe Possibilities Company: Barbie Agency: BBDO Director: NA Country: USA Rating*: *on a scale of (-10,+10) 8
  • 16. Barbie : ImagineThe Possibilities Plot: in the two-minute commercial, hidden cameras capture five girls pretending to be professionals in real-life settings. One girl is a college professor, teaching a real group of students about the brain. Another is a soccer coach, instructing her confused team of male athletes to kick those "knees up like a unicorn!" Others play veterinarians, jet-setting businesswomen, and tour guides — all to unsuspecting adults who find the whole encounter adorable. The twist, of course, comes at the end, when Professor Gwyneth asks her class to answer a question about brains, and it's revealed that she's actually been imagining the entire thing all along. In truth, she's right in her bedroom, lecturing a bunch of her Barbie dolls in makeshift cardboard seats. Positives: • Taking deviation from the PINK only Barbie campaigns; which for decades connected womanhood with pink • Depicting the roles- scientist, football player, archaeologist etc. a girl can take in her life and breaking gender stereotypes. • "When a girl plays with Barbie, she imagines everything she can become" — positive message Negatives: • Only fair-skinned models appear throughout the commercial Analysis: The Mattel campaign is about open play, returning the brand to its roots and celebrating young girls’ journeys of self-discovery. The franchise's mission to return to its roots of open-play and self-discovery is clear, and even though the ad's tag line — "When a girl plays with Barbie, she imagines everything she can become" — might be a bit optimistic. The ad was widely discussed and viewed, owing mostly to the welcome change and positive message.
  • 17. P&G :ThankYou, Mom Company P&G Agency: Wieden + Kennedy Director: NA Country: Europe-Sochi Olympics Rating*: *on a scale of (-10,+10) -2
  • 18. P&G :ThankYou, Mom Plot: Aired just before the London Olympics, this ad is a montage of mothers encouraging their children to get up and try again .It starts with several toddlers who fall after a few uncertain steps. The clip quickly cuts to small children slipping on skates, skis and snowboards. As the children grow older, moms lift them to their feet, comfort crying kids and tend to injuries. Teenage athletes fall in a series of spills as concerned mothers look on. One injured girl soldiers her way to a car on crutches with mom in tow. Then in the last 45 seconds, Olympic athletes soar on skis and snowboards and land with sure feet on ice skates as crowds roar and relieved moms cheer from sidelines. It ends with the message: "For teaching us that falling only makes us stronger.“ At the end, the clip flashesTide detergent, Pampers diapers, Gillette razors, Duracell batteries, Bounty paper towels -- and P&G corporate logos. Positives: • Less forced product placement throughout the ad; no clutter in message delivery. • Positive message about mothers role in upbringing-emotional and convincing. Negatives: • Despite an Olympic release, the ad lacked international representation. • Reinforcing the gender stereotypes of Mother being the home-maker. • Surprising absence of Male characters. Analysis: An advertisement viewed and discussed by people around the globe, and winner of numerous awards definitely is a great “equity-advertisement” from a marketing point of view, but definitely raises questions from a gender side. It fails to move ahead of time with respect to stereotypes on role of a mom as home-maker. Though it’s embraced as celebratory, it is in fact a patronizing insult—restricting mothers to the domestic sphere with empty sentimentalizing. It limits not just mothers; it confines all women to the home, burdening mothers with duties fathers and society at large should share.
  • 19. Head & Shoulders Men : Score ya bore Company Head & Shoulders Agency: NA Director: NA Country: India Rating*: *on a scale of (-10,+10) -7
  • 20. Head & Shoulders Men: Score ya bore Plot: A husband watching a daily soap with his wife ,worries about the story, costumes and happenings in the serial; while the wife looks surprised. The screen suddenly displays “Stop before you stop being a man” and then explains that his feminine behavior is caused by use of his wife’s shampoo. The product is introduced and the man is shown swapping the channel to watch a sports channel. Positives: • NA. Negatives: • Male stereotypes of being macho and watching Sports channels • Women stereotype of watching daily soaps and worrying about the costumes. • Depicting women as a inferior segment. Analysis: A seemingly funny yet stupid concept from P&G which depicts being women as Inferior to men, and showing gender stereotypes on behavior(. the woman climaxes in relief with a boys-will-be-boys look when the man stops blabbering aboutTV soaps and fights for the remote control to watch a cricket match.) was criticized by activists and hence being rated low.