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STDs.ppt
- 1. Adapted from: Puberty:Understanding Sexually Transmitted Infections. SexualityandU.ca, 2010
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- 3. Sexually Transmitted Infection(STI) • Most STIs have no symptoms • A person can have an STI and not know it Why would you be at greater risk of getting an STI that doesn't cause any symptoms?
- 4. How can someone getan STI? • Vaginal sex • Anal sex • Oral sex • Transmission from mother to baby during childbirth • Skin to Skin contact • Sharing equipment • Exchange of bodily fluids
- 5. There are 3 typesof STIs Bacterial Parasitic Viral
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- 7. Chlamydia • Among themost common bacterial STIs in the world • Passed by having unprotected oral, anal or vaginal sex • Condoms can help prevent the spread of chlamydia during vaginal/anal sex • Condoms or dental dams can be used for protection during oral sex
- 8. Chlamydia • Most peoplehave no symptoms • The infection can be cured with a single dose of antibiotics • A person can get the infection again, so their partners should also be tested Remember chlamydia is CURABLE!
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- 10. Gonorrhea • Sexually transmittedbacterial infection • Passed along by having unprotected oral, anal or vaginal sex • Condoms can help prevent the spread of gonorrhea during vaginal or anal sex • Condoms or dental dams can be used for protection during oral sex
- 11. Gonorrhea • Most peoplehave no symptoms • The infection can be cured with antibiotics • A person can get the infection again, so their partners should also be tested Remember gonorrhea is CURABLE!
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- 13. Syphilis • Rare sexuallytransmitted bacterial infection • Can cause serious damage to the body if not cured, including death • Passed along by having unprotected oral, anal or vaginal sex • Condoms can help prevent the spread of syphilis during vaginal or anal sex • Condoms or dental dams can be used for protection during oral sex
- 14. Syphilis • Syphilis producesa wide range of symptoms that are often confused with other illnesses • Some people have no symptoms at all • The infection can be cured antibiotics • A person can get the infection again, so their partners should also be tested Remember syphilis is CURABLE!
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- 17. Pubic lice The liceattach their eggs to the pubic hair and feed on human blood
- 18. Trichomoniasis Caused by aparasite that is usually sexually transmitted, but it can survive 24 hours on wet towels and bathing suits
- 19. Scabies Caused by theitch mite. It burrows just under the skin and lays eggs. The scabies mite can live for 2-4 days away from the human body; it can be transmitted without sexual contact.
- 20. How to preventparasitic STIs Trichomoniasis • Condoms will help prevent the spread Pubic lice and Scabies • Avoid sharing towels and clothing that have not been washed • When trying on bathing suits or underwear in the store always wear something underneath
- 21. Signs and symptomsof a parasitic STI • Intense itchiness • Reddish rash • Pain during sex or urination • Vaginal discharge How are parasitic STIs treated? • Shampoo – special shampoo to kill lice or scabies • Lotion - special shampoo to kill lice or scabies • Ointment- special shampoo to kill lice or scabies • Antibiotic – used to treat trich
- 22. Viral STIs Human PapillomaVirus (HPV) Herpes Hepatitis HIV / AIDS
- 23. Human Papillomavirus (HPV) •Very contagious virus • Some people never get symptoms • HPV is spread through skin to skin contact , oral, anal and vaginal sex with an infected partner • Some types cause genital warts and other types can cause cancer of the cervix
- 24. Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Treatment •Treatments remove the warts but does not remove the virus from the blood • Most warts will clear over time • There is no cure for HPV • There is a vaccine to prevent HPV available for students in grade 7
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- 26. Genital Herpes • Causedby the Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) • Spread through skin to skin contact and oral, anal and vaginal sex • Some people with herpes never develop sores, but are still contagious and may spread it to others without knowing • People who have an initial outbreak can have more outbreaks throughout the rest of their life Remember herpes is not CURABLE. It is TREATABLE!
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- 28. Hepatitis • Hepatitis isa virus that affects your liver • It can cause permanent liver disease and cancer of the liver • Hepatitis A & B can be prevented by vaccines • There is no vaccine for Hepatitis C Remember hepatitis is not CURABLE!
- 29. How is Hepatitistransmitted • Hepatitis A is transmitted through fecal oral route • Hep B is transmitted through blood and bodily fluids • Hep C is transmitted mostly through blood but also through bodily fluids
- 30. How can someonelower their chances of getting Hepatitis B and C? • Get vaccinated against Hepatitis B (available for students in grade 7) • Practice safer sex • Do not share instruments used in body-piercing, tattooing or hair removal • Do not share personal items such as toothbrushes, razors and needles
- 31. Human Immunodeficiency Virus(HIV) and Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)
- 32. HIV and AIDS •HIV is the initial infection • AIDS is the advanced stage of the disease • Over a period of time, the virus attacks and damages the body’s immune and nervous system How is HIV/AIDS spread? • The virus is spread through bodily fluids • Decrease risk with condom use • There is no cure for HIV infection • Once infected, you have HIV for life
- 34. STI Testing Chlamydia andGonorrhea • Urine test for males and females • If symptoms present, swabs may be done Trichomoniasis • Diagnosed by taking a sample of vaginal discharge
- 35. STI Testing Genital warts(HPV) • Diagnosed by visual examination Herpes • Usually diagnosed by sight, and by history • A swab of the lesion can be taken to confirm virus Hepatitis B, C, Syphilis and HIV • Diagnosed by blood tests
- 36. What is theonly 100 % effective way of preventing STIs and pregnancy?
- 37. What does abstinencemean? • Abstinence means to not do something • Sexual abstinence means to abstain from different levels of sexual activity • Possible choices for sexual abstinence between two people could be: • Avoiding vaginal and anal intercourse • Avoiding oral-genital contact • Avoiding genital contact
- 38. Preventing STIs andpregnancy • Delay sexual activity until you are older • If you choose to be sexually active, use protective barriers (condoms, dental dams) and birth control
- 39. What are somereasons to not engage in sexual activity? Should I have sex?
- 40. Sexual health anddecision making • Concept of consent • Communication in a relationship
- 41. Summary • Keep informedabout STIs and how to protect yourself • Talk to a parent, teacher, or a trusted adult
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