State and major urban area fusion centers serve as focal points wi.docx
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State and major urban area fusion centers serve as focal points within the state and local environment for the receipt, analysis, gathering, and sharing of threat-related information between the federal government and state, local, tribal, territorial (SLTT), and private sector partners. There are issues and concerns related to intelligence collection methods at some of the country's local law enforcement agencies, joint terrorism task groups, and fusion centers. The first issue relates to constitutional limitations. Constitutional limitations restrict the government’s ability to access private information. The Fourth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution is particularly relevant. To the extent that government activity burdens individuals’ freedom of speech and related rights, the First Amendment may also play a role. Another issue is related to the process of collecting and sharing the information, which in many cases is not standardized, creating potential holes in the way officials exchange information on terror threats. 1. Briefly describe the six-step intelligence cycle. 2. What are some potential problems with collecting intelligence within the United States? 3. Give some examples of fusion centers and how these centers fuse intelligence at the local, state, and federal levels. 1. What is DHS’s Intelligence role in Homeland Security? 2. What are the roles of the National Counterterrorism Center (NCTC) and FBI for national intelligence? How do these roles benefit DHS? .
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IntroductionAs you learned last week, a great deal of attention .docx
Introduction
As you learned last week, a great deal of attention is typically focused on the federal government’s role in intelligence activities and the major changes that occurred in the post-9/11 era. However, this can sometimes give the impression that the federal government plays the most critical role in intelligence, which is simply not accurate. There is not a hierarchy of importance in the world of intelligence. Every player, including state, local, private sector…and even individuals…play an equally important role in the nation’s holistic approach.
Each entity is best positioned and resourced to fulfill their unique roles. As was previously discussed, state, local and private sector entities are, by their geographical placement, much more able to gather community level intelligence that the federal government would likely not otherwise have access to.
Successfully gathering and using intelligence to protect the nation is not a score sheet of which level of government is most important and does the best work. It is a true team effort with every player fulfilling a critical role.
Post 9/11 Changes at the State and Local Level
Before 9/11, the domain of national security intelligence was strictly in control of the United States intelligence community leaving state and local law enforcement in the dark. Since the attacks of 9/11 and the 9/11 Commission Report that followed, it was determined that the key to prevent another large scale terrorist attack within the United States was to bridge the gap between national security intelligence and local law enforcement intelligence.
New responsibilities of state and local agencies made their officers walk a fine line between protecting the homeland and protecting the civil rights of its citizens.
“Long-term success demands the use of all the elements of national power: diplomacy, intelligence, covert action, law enforcement, economic policy, foreign aid, public diplomacy, and homeland defense.”
National Strategy
While it was clear that state, local and private sector entities must become integral players in national intelligence, there was not a national strategy that formally addressed this issue. To resolve this disconnect, in 2007, President George W. Bush issued the first National Strategy for Information Sharing. This strategy marked the first time that the full national vision was articulated into a singular document. Like any good strategy, this is a living document that continues to be updated and reflects the currents needs and intelligence environment. The most current version is entitled, National Strategy for Information Sharing and Safeguarding and was released in December 2012.
Drive Collective Action through Collaboration and Accountability
We can best reach our shared vision when working together, using governance models that enable mission achievement, adopting common processes where possible to build trust, simplifying the information sharing agreement development process, an.
Example Of Predictive Policing
Predictive policing uses mathematical and analytical techniques to identify potential criminal activity based on data collection and analysis of past crime trends. Law enforcement agencies collect data on repeat offenders, victims, and crime locations to analyze criminal patterns and make predictions about where increased police presence may be needed to prevent future crimes. The effectiveness of these strategies is then reevaluated to improve methods for reducing criminal activity.
As terrorists step up the methodology and the atrociousness of subse.docx
As terrorists step up the methodology and the atrociousness of subsequent acts and the government responds with ever-increasing surveillance, intelligence gathering, searches, and directives, many feel that there is an erosion in the freedom of movement in the United States.
Assignment Guidelines
Address the following in 10–12 pages:
Does current research show that there is a point of equilibrium between homeland security and maintaining the fundamental civil liberties guaranteed by the U.S. Constitution? Will security issues ever trump the freedom of U.S. citizens? Explain.
Use examples from scholarly and academic sources to support your response.
What was the PATRIOT Act's role in establishing the use of fusion centers across the country? Explain.
What was the intended outcome in establishing these U.S. fusion centers between U.S. intelligence agencies and local law enforcement agencies? Explain.
What are the short-term benefits and consequences of using fusion centers to improve information sharing among the various agencies throughout the different levels of government? Explain.
What are the long-term benefits and consequences? Explain.
What are 2 other specific response tactics to the terrorist threat to the United States? Describe and explain.
When were these tactics implemented? Describe.
What is the purpose of these tactics? Explain.
How are civil liberties addressed with regard to these tactics? Explain.
Are these tactics effective at fulfilling their intended purpose? Why or why not? Use research to support your claims.
Conclude your paper with a recommendation on what should be done to curb the terrorist threat while maintaining civil liberties.
Be sure to reference all sources using APA style.
.
As terrorists step up the methodology and the atrociousness of subse.docx
As terrorists step up the methodology and the atrociousness of subsequent acts and the government responds with ever-increasing surveillance, intelligence gathering, searches, and directives, many feel that there is an erosion in the freedom of movement in the United States.
Assignment Guidelines
Address the following in 10–12 pages:
Does current research show that there is a point of equilibrium between homeland security and maintaining the fundamental civil liberties guaranteed by the U.S. Constitution? Will security issues ever trump the freedom of U.S. citizens? Explain.
Use examples from scholarly and academic sources to support your response.
What was the PATRIOT Act's role in establishing the use of fusion centers across the country? Explain.
What was the intended outcome in establishing these U.S. fusion centers between U.S. intelligence agencies and local law enforcement agencies? Explain.
What are the short-term benefits and consequences of using fusion centers to improve information sharing among the various agencies throughout the different levels of government? Explain.
What are the long-term benefits and consequences? Explain.
What are 2 other specific response tactics to the terrorist threat to the United States? Describe and explain.
When were these tactics implemented? Describe.
What is the purpose of these tactics? Explain.
How are civil liberties addressed with regard to these tactics? Explain.
Are these tactics effective at fulfilling their intended purpose? Why or why not? Use research to support your claims.
Conclude your paper with a recommendation on what should be done to curb the terrorist threat while maintaining civil liberties.
Be sure to reference all sources using APA style.
.
As terrorists step up the methodology and the atrociousness of subse
As terrorists step up the methodology and the atrociousness of subsequent acts and the government responds with ever-increasing surveillance, intelligence gathering, searches, and directives, many feel that there is an erosion in the freedom of movement in the United States.
Assignment Guidelines
Address the following in 10–12 pages:
Does current research show that there is a point of equilibrium between homeland security and maintaining the fundamental civil liberties guaranteed by the U.S. Constitution? Will security issues ever trump the freedom of U.S. citizens? Explain.
Use examples from scholarly and academic sources to support your response.
What was the PATRIOT Act's role in establishing the use of fusion centers across the country? Explain.
What was the intended outcome in establishing these U.S. fusion centers between U.S. intelligence agencies and local law enforcement agencies? Explain.
What are the short-term benefits and consequences of using fusion centers to improve information sharing among the various agencies throughout the different levels of government? Explain.
What are the long-term benefits and consequences? Explain.
What are 2 other specific response tactics to the terrorist threat to the United States? Describe and explain.
When were these tactics implemented? Describe.
What is the purpose of these tactics? Explain.
How are civil liberties addressed with regard to these tactics? Explain.
Are these tactics effective at fulfilling their intended purpose? Why or why not? Use research to support your claims.
Conclude your paper with a recommendation on what should be done to curb the terrorist threat while maintaining civil liberties.
Be sure to reference all sources using APA style.
...
As terrorists step up the methodology and the atrociousness of subse.docx
As terrorists step up the methodology and the atrociousness of subsequent acts and the government responds with ever-increasing surveillance, intelligence gathering, searches, and directives, many feel that there is an erosion in the freedom of movement in the United States.
Assignment Guidelines
Address the following in 10–12 pages:
Does current research show that there is a point of equilibrium between homeland security and maintaining the fundamental civil liberties guaranteed by the U.S. Constitution? Will security issues ever trump the freedom of U.S. citizens? Explain.
Use examples from scholarly and academic sources to support your response.
What was the PATRIOT Act's role in establishing the use of fusion centers across the country? Explain.
What was the intended outcome in establishing these U.S. fusion centers between U.S. intelligence agencies and local law enforcement agencies? Explain.
What are the short-term benefits and consequences of using fusion centers to improve information sharing among the various agencies throughout the different levels of government? Explain.
What are the long-term benefits and consequences? Explain.
What are 2 other specific response tactics to the terrorist threat to the United States? Describe and explain.
When were these tactics implemented? Describe.
What is the purpose of these tactics? Explain.
How are civil liberties addressed with regard to these tactics? Explain.
Are these tactics effective at fulfilling their intended purpose? Why or why not? Use research to support your claims.
Conclude your paper with a recommendation on what should be done to curb the terrorist threat while maintaining civil liberties.
Be sure to reference all sources using APA style.
.
Gabrielle HetlandAlthough the United States has a very stron.docx
Gabrielle Hetland
Although the United States has a very strong and effective intelligence community, there are several unavoidable challenges that set back some of the processes and hinders the intelligence community from working to its full potential. The most important challenges that I see include flow of information, civil liberties and secrecy.
Since the United States does not have one large domestic intelligence agency that completes all intelligence-related tasks, it is much more difficult for them to be able to transfer information to the right people in a timely manner. I think it is very beneficial that we are able to have such a wide variety of intelligence agencies, each with a specific mission set so subject matter experts can focus on their mission to the best of their abilities, however, on the flip side, many of them have to jump through hoops to get additional information on certain subjects or track down the originator of a product. Having so many different agencies requires a lot more work to get a good flow of communication between the agencies and a lot of valuable information can be lost in the process.
Civil liberties always has and always will be a major challenge for the intelligence community. In order to do their job effectively, intelligence personnel need to be able to conduct surveillance around the clock. Especially in today’s world, people do not want their rights to private taken away, making this jobs very difficult for intelligence and law enforcement personnel. With the rise of domestic terrorism and homegrown extremists, the IC will continue to need increased access in to people’s lives and workplace in order to detect these criminals and prevent future activity.
Lastly, secrecy has been a major challenge to the IC because much of the information dealt with is classified and needs to remain a secret for national security concerns, however, people do not want information kept from there. It is difficult to determine what information should be released to the public to ensure their safety while at the same time, not disrupting an operation. I think the IC has done everything right so far in regards to these issues. There is really no way to fix these challenges while at the same time maintain the high level of national security that we have.
Resources:
Aftergood, S. (1996). Three categories of secrecy. Secrecy and accountability in U.S. intelligence. Federation of American Scientists. Retrieved from https://www.hsaj.org/articles/147
Burch, J. (2007). A domestic intelligence agency for the United States? A comparative analysis of domestic intelligence agencies and their implications for homeland security. Homeland Security Affairs 3, 2. Retrieved from https://www.hsaj.org/articles/147
Office of the Director of National Intelligence. (n.d.). Organization. Retrieved from http://www.dni.gov/index.php/about/organization
Marissa Austin
Intelligence is the act of sound understanding, planning, ...
I need answers to both discussions questions as well as replies to f.docx
I need answers to both discussions questions as well as replies to fellow students. i also need atleast one reference
DISCUSSION 1
"Explosive Growth of Digital Crime and Fighting Digital Crime" Please respond to the following:
·
Identify at least two (2) factors that have led to the explosive growth of digital crime over the past a few decades. Next, describe the most common forms of digital crime, and give your opinion as to why those forms you described are so common. Provide a rationale for your response.
From the e-Activity, list three (3) types of digital crime, and name the main federal agencies which have primary responsibility to enforce digital crime laws. Next, recommend one (1) way for the federal agencies in question to improve the overall public response to computer crimes. Include the role of an individual citizen in the fight against digital crime in your discussion.
1. Cyber Stalking- Enforced by the FBI
2. Viruses- Enforced by The Secret Service
3. Piracy- Enforced by the ICE, FBI, and HIS
Please respond to the following student
Top of Form
·
Alecia Giles
·
RE: Week 1 Discussion
Over the past few decades, the need for computer technology has greatly increased. Users now turn to many forms of "computers" for daily tasks. Therefore, digital crime has also increased. Two factors that I believe have led to the explosive growth of digital crime
1. Identity Theft- Since computers are used for almost everything we do in life, many of us enter too much personal information into these devices. This personal information is now out there for hackers to retrieve and use in the theft of our identity.
2. Credit Card Fraud- An increase of online purchases and bill payment has allowed for credit card information to become more vulnerable to theft and/or fraud.
I believe these are the most common forms of digital crimes because they are the most commonly used by individuals.
Three types of digital crime include:
1. Cyber Stalking- Enforced by the FBI
2. Viruses- Enforced by The Secret Service
3. Piracy- Enforced by the ICE, FBI, and HIS
The federal virus genies in question can improve the overall public response to such computer crimes by identifying target areas for the reported crimes. Individual citizens can also assist in the fight against digital crime as well. To do so, when a crime is committed, the citizen should immediately report all aspects of the known crime to the proper authorities. Additionally, individual citizens can do things to prevent said crimes from occurring, such as; block and report cyber stalkers, install and use trusted anti-virus software and stay away from piracy websites.
Discussion 2
"Tort Law and Police Powers"
Please respond to the following:
·
From the e-Activity, specify the key differences between criminal law and tort law. Next, explain the common approaches that the judicial system takes in order to ensure that the public upholds these two (2) types of laws. Provide one (1) specific exa.
Recommended
IntroductionAs you learned last week, a great deal of attention .docx
Introduction
As you learned last week, a great deal of attention is typically focused on the federal government’s role in intelligence activities and the major changes that occurred in the post-9/11 era. However, this can sometimes give the impression that the federal government plays the most critical role in intelligence, which is simply not accurate. There is not a hierarchy of importance in the world of intelligence. Every player, including state, local, private sector…and even individuals…play an equally important role in the nation’s holistic approach.
Each entity is best positioned and resourced to fulfill their unique roles. As was previously discussed, state, local and private sector entities are, by their geographical placement, much more able to gather community level intelligence that the federal government would likely not otherwise have access to.
Successfully gathering and using intelligence to protect the nation is not a score sheet of which level of government is most important and does the best work. It is a true team effort with every player fulfilling a critical role.
Post 9/11 Changes at the State and Local Level
Before 9/11, the domain of national security intelligence was strictly in control of the United States intelligence community leaving state and local law enforcement in the dark. Since the attacks of 9/11 and the 9/11 Commission Report that followed, it was determined that the key to prevent another large scale terrorist attack within the United States was to bridge the gap between national security intelligence and local law enforcement intelligence.
New responsibilities of state and local agencies made their officers walk a fine line between protecting the homeland and protecting the civil rights of its citizens.
“Long-term success demands the use of all the elements of national power: diplomacy, intelligence, covert action, law enforcement, economic policy, foreign aid, public diplomacy, and homeland defense.”
National Strategy
While it was clear that state, local and private sector entities must become integral players in national intelligence, there was not a national strategy that formally addressed this issue. To resolve this disconnect, in 2007, President George W. Bush issued the first National Strategy for Information Sharing. This strategy marked the first time that the full national vision was articulated into a singular document. Like any good strategy, this is a living document that continues to be updated and reflects the currents needs and intelligence environment. The most current version is entitled, National Strategy for Information Sharing and Safeguarding and was released in December 2012.
Drive Collective Action through Collaboration and Accountability
We can best reach our shared vision when working together, using governance models that enable mission achievement, adopting common processes where possible to build trust, simplifying the information sharing agreement development process, an.
Example Of Predictive Policing
Predictive policing uses mathematical and analytical techniques to identify potential criminal activity based on data collection and analysis of past crime trends. Law enforcement agencies collect data on repeat offenders, victims, and crime locations to analyze criminal patterns and make predictions about where increased police presence may be needed to prevent future crimes. The effectiveness of these strategies is then reevaluated to improve methods for reducing criminal activity.
As terrorists step up the methodology and the atrociousness of subse.docx
As terrorists step up the methodology and the atrociousness of subsequent acts and the government responds with ever-increasing surveillance, intelligence gathering, searches, and directives, many feel that there is an erosion in the freedom of movement in the United States.
Assignment Guidelines
Address the following in 10–12 pages:
Does current research show that there is a point of equilibrium between homeland security and maintaining the fundamental civil liberties guaranteed by the U.S. Constitution? Will security issues ever trump the freedom of U.S. citizens? Explain.
Use examples from scholarly and academic sources to support your response.
What was the PATRIOT Act's role in establishing the use of fusion centers across the country? Explain.
What was the intended outcome in establishing these U.S. fusion centers between U.S. intelligence agencies and local law enforcement agencies? Explain.
What are the short-term benefits and consequences of using fusion centers to improve information sharing among the various agencies throughout the different levels of government? Explain.
What are the long-term benefits and consequences? Explain.
What are 2 other specific response tactics to the terrorist threat to the United States? Describe and explain.
When were these tactics implemented? Describe.
What is the purpose of these tactics? Explain.
How are civil liberties addressed with regard to these tactics? Explain.
Are these tactics effective at fulfilling their intended purpose? Why or why not? Use research to support your claims.
Conclude your paper with a recommendation on what should be done to curb the terrorist threat while maintaining civil liberties.
Be sure to reference all sources using APA style.
.
As terrorists step up the methodology and the atrociousness of subse.docx
As terrorists step up the methodology and the atrociousness of subsequent acts and the government responds with ever-increasing surveillance, intelligence gathering, searches, and directives, many feel that there is an erosion in the freedom of movement in the United States.
Assignment Guidelines
Address the following in 10–12 pages:
Does current research show that there is a point of equilibrium between homeland security and maintaining the fundamental civil liberties guaranteed by the U.S. Constitution? Will security issues ever trump the freedom of U.S. citizens? Explain.
Use examples from scholarly and academic sources to support your response.
What was the PATRIOT Act's role in establishing the use of fusion centers across the country? Explain.
What was the intended outcome in establishing these U.S. fusion centers between U.S. intelligence agencies and local law enforcement agencies? Explain.
What are the short-term benefits and consequences of using fusion centers to improve information sharing among the various agencies throughout the different levels of government? Explain.
What are the long-term benefits and consequences? Explain.
What are 2 other specific response tactics to the terrorist threat to the United States? Describe and explain.
When were these tactics implemented? Describe.
What is the purpose of these tactics? Explain.
How are civil liberties addressed with regard to these tactics? Explain.
Are these tactics effective at fulfilling their intended purpose? Why or why not? Use research to support your claims.
Conclude your paper with a recommendation on what should be done to curb the terrorist threat while maintaining civil liberties.
Be sure to reference all sources using APA style.
.
As terrorists step up the methodology and the atrociousness of subse
As terrorists step up the methodology and the atrociousness of subsequent acts and the government responds with ever-increasing surveillance, intelligence gathering, searches, and directives, many feel that there is an erosion in the freedom of movement in the United States.
Assignment Guidelines
Address the following in 10–12 pages:
Does current research show that there is a point of equilibrium between homeland security and maintaining the fundamental civil liberties guaranteed by the U.S. Constitution? Will security issues ever trump the freedom of U.S. citizens? Explain.
Use examples from scholarly and academic sources to support your response.
What was the PATRIOT Act's role in establishing the use of fusion centers across the country? Explain.
What was the intended outcome in establishing these U.S. fusion centers between U.S. intelligence agencies and local law enforcement agencies? Explain.
What are the short-term benefits and consequences of using fusion centers to improve information sharing among the various agencies throughout the different levels of government? Explain.
What are the long-term benefits and consequences? Explain.
What are 2 other specific response tactics to the terrorist threat to the United States? Describe and explain.
When were these tactics implemented? Describe.
What is the purpose of these tactics? Explain.
How are civil liberties addressed with regard to these tactics? Explain.
Are these tactics effective at fulfilling their intended purpose? Why or why not? Use research to support your claims.
Conclude your paper with a recommendation on what should be done to curb the terrorist threat while maintaining civil liberties.
Be sure to reference all sources using APA style.
...
As terrorists step up the methodology and the atrociousness of subse.docx
As terrorists step up the methodology and the atrociousness of subsequent acts and the government responds with ever-increasing surveillance, intelligence gathering, searches, and directives, many feel that there is an erosion in the freedom of movement in the United States.
Assignment Guidelines
Address the following in 10–12 pages:
Does current research show that there is a point of equilibrium between homeland security and maintaining the fundamental civil liberties guaranteed by the U.S. Constitution? Will security issues ever trump the freedom of U.S. citizens? Explain.
Use examples from scholarly and academic sources to support your response.
What was the PATRIOT Act's role in establishing the use of fusion centers across the country? Explain.
What was the intended outcome in establishing these U.S. fusion centers between U.S. intelligence agencies and local law enforcement agencies? Explain.
What are the short-term benefits and consequences of using fusion centers to improve information sharing among the various agencies throughout the different levels of government? Explain.
What are the long-term benefits and consequences? Explain.
What are 2 other specific response tactics to the terrorist threat to the United States? Describe and explain.
When were these tactics implemented? Describe.
What is the purpose of these tactics? Explain.
How are civil liberties addressed with regard to these tactics? Explain.
Are these tactics effective at fulfilling their intended purpose? Why or why not? Use research to support your claims.
Conclude your paper with a recommendation on what should be done to curb the terrorist threat while maintaining civil liberties.
Be sure to reference all sources using APA style.
.
Gabrielle HetlandAlthough the United States has a very stron.docx
Gabrielle Hetland
Although the United States has a very strong and effective intelligence community, there are several unavoidable challenges that set back some of the processes and hinders the intelligence community from working to its full potential. The most important challenges that I see include flow of information, civil liberties and secrecy.
Since the United States does not have one large domestic intelligence agency that completes all intelligence-related tasks, it is much more difficult for them to be able to transfer information to the right people in a timely manner. I think it is very beneficial that we are able to have such a wide variety of intelligence agencies, each with a specific mission set so subject matter experts can focus on their mission to the best of their abilities, however, on the flip side, many of them have to jump through hoops to get additional information on certain subjects or track down the originator of a product. Having so many different agencies requires a lot more work to get a good flow of communication between the agencies and a lot of valuable information can be lost in the process.
Civil liberties always has and always will be a major challenge for the intelligence community. In order to do their job effectively, intelligence personnel need to be able to conduct surveillance around the clock. Especially in today’s world, people do not want their rights to private taken away, making this jobs very difficult for intelligence and law enforcement personnel. With the rise of domestic terrorism and homegrown extremists, the IC will continue to need increased access in to people’s lives and workplace in order to detect these criminals and prevent future activity.
Lastly, secrecy has been a major challenge to the IC because much of the information dealt with is classified and needs to remain a secret for national security concerns, however, people do not want information kept from there. It is difficult to determine what information should be released to the public to ensure their safety while at the same time, not disrupting an operation. I think the IC has done everything right so far in regards to these issues. There is really no way to fix these challenges while at the same time maintain the high level of national security that we have.
Resources:
Aftergood, S. (1996). Three categories of secrecy. Secrecy and accountability in U.S. intelligence. Federation of American Scientists. Retrieved from https://www.hsaj.org/articles/147
Burch, J. (2007). A domestic intelligence agency for the United States? A comparative analysis of domestic intelligence agencies and their implications for homeland security. Homeland Security Affairs 3, 2. Retrieved from https://www.hsaj.org/articles/147
Office of the Director of National Intelligence. (n.d.). Organization. Retrieved from http://www.dni.gov/index.php/about/organization
Marissa Austin
Intelligence is the act of sound understanding, planning, ...
I need answers to both discussions questions as well as replies to f.docx
I need answers to both discussions questions as well as replies to fellow students. i also need atleast one reference
DISCUSSION 1
"Explosive Growth of Digital Crime and Fighting Digital Crime" Please respond to the following:
·
Identify at least two (2) factors that have led to the explosive growth of digital crime over the past a few decades. Next, describe the most common forms of digital crime, and give your opinion as to why those forms you described are so common. Provide a rationale for your response.
From the e-Activity, list three (3) types of digital crime, and name the main federal agencies which have primary responsibility to enforce digital crime laws. Next, recommend one (1) way for the federal agencies in question to improve the overall public response to computer crimes. Include the role of an individual citizen in the fight against digital crime in your discussion.
1. Cyber Stalking- Enforced by the FBI
2. Viruses- Enforced by The Secret Service
3. Piracy- Enforced by the ICE, FBI, and HIS
Please respond to the following student
Top of Form
·
Alecia Giles
·
RE: Week 1 Discussion
Over the past few decades, the need for computer technology has greatly increased. Users now turn to many forms of "computers" for daily tasks. Therefore, digital crime has also increased. Two factors that I believe have led to the explosive growth of digital crime
1. Identity Theft- Since computers are used for almost everything we do in life, many of us enter too much personal information into these devices. This personal information is now out there for hackers to retrieve and use in the theft of our identity.
2. Credit Card Fraud- An increase of online purchases and bill payment has allowed for credit card information to become more vulnerable to theft and/or fraud.
I believe these are the most common forms of digital crimes because they are the most commonly used by individuals.
Three types of digital crime include:
1. Cyber Stalking- Enforced by the FBI
2. Viruses- Enforced by The Secret Service
3. Piracy- Enforced by the ICE, FBI, and HIS
The federal virus genies in question can improve the overall public response to such computer crimes by identifying target areas for the reported crimes. Individual citizens can also assist in the fight against digital crime as well. To do so, when a crime is committed, the citizen should immediately report all aspects of the known crime to the proper authorities. Additionally, individual citizens can do things to prevent said crimes from occurring, such as; block and report cyber stalkers, install and use trusted anti-virus software and stay away from piracy websites.
Discussion 2
"Tort Law and Police Powers"
Please respond to the following:
·
From the e-Activity, specify the key differences between criminal law and tort law. Next, explain the common approaches that the judicial system takes in order to ensure that the public upholds these two (2) types of laws. Provide one (1) specific exa.
Assignment 2 Library Research—Fusion Centers as a Law Enforceme.docx
Assignment 2: Library Research—Fusion Centers as a Law Enforcement Tool
Since the terrorist attacks against the United States on September 11, 2001, there has been a real push in local law enforcement agencies—especially large ones—to incorporate intelligence-led policing techniques.
A part of that strategy has been the creation of fusion centers in all fifty states intended to facilitate the sharing of police intelligence information between federal, state, and local agencies. Consider the Lambert (2010) article, "Intelligence-Led Policing in a Fusion Center" and the "US Government Accountability Office (GAO) Report on Fusion Centers" in the
Community Policing
.
The creation of fusion centers and their operations have not been without controversy. Many civil libertarians have expressed concern that instead of focusing only on real threats, fusion centers encourage the government's suspicion toward law-abiding citizens and groups that are suspected of potential hostility toward government.
Tasks:
Write a 2- to 3-page paper. In the paper:
Take a definitive stand, with explanations, for or against the use of fusion centers as a local law enforcement tool.
Discuss how these centers may be abused to violate citizen rights.
Explain the difference between the cooperation that occurs through fusion centers and that through other kinds of multiagency activities, such as task forces and joint investigations.
Identify and discuss the possible steps or policies to minimize concerns that some have raised about potential abuses.
Feel free to do additional research on the topic of fusion centers, beyond the reading that has been assigned to further improve your paper.
Submission Details:
Save the report as M4_A2_Lastname_Firstname.doc.
By the due date assigned
, submit your report to the
Submissions Area
.
Assignment 2 Grading Criteria
Justified the stand for or against the use of fusion centers as a local law enforcement tool.
Analyzed and explained the potential use or abuse of fusion centers with regard to violating citizen rights.
Analyzed and explained the differences in cooperation between the fusion centers and multiagency activities.
Discussed the steps that the police may take to minimize concerns of potential abuses through fusion centers.
Wrote in a clear, concise, and organized manner; demonstrated ethical scholarship in the accurate representation and attribution of sources; and displayed accurate spelling, grammar, and punctuation.
...
Homeland security pp
This document discusses balancing homeland security and civil liberties after 9/11. It describes how the U.S. established the Department of Homeland Security and passed the Patriot Act to increase surveillance of potential terrorists. It also discusses fusion centers created to gather and share intelligence nationwide and debates whether these security measures have made the country safer at the cost of individual privacy and freedom.
Assignment 2 Library Research—Fusion Centers as a Law Enforcement T.docx
Assignment 2: Library Research—Fusion Centers as a Law Enforcement Tool
Since the terrorist attacks against the United States on September 11, 2001, there has been a real push in local law enforcement agencies—especially large ones—to incorporate intelligence-led policing techniques.
A part of that strategy has been the creation of fusion centers in all fifty states intended to facilitate the sharing of police intelligence information between federal, state, and local agencies. Consider the Lambert (2010) article, "Intelligence-Led Policing in a Fusion Center" and the "US Government Accountability Office (GAO) Report on Fusion Centers" in the
Webliography
.
The creation of fusion centers and their operations have not been without controversy. Many civil libertarians have expressed concern that instead of focusing only on real threats, fusion centers encourage the government's suspicion toward law-abiding citizens and groups that are suspected of potential hostility toward government.
Tasks:
Write a 2- to 3-page paper. In the paper:
Take a definitive stand, with explanations, for or against the use of fusion centers as a local law enforcement tool.
Discuss how these centers may be abused to violate citizen rights.
Explain the difference between the cooperation that occurs through fusion centers and that through other kinds of multiagency activities, such as task forces and joint investigations.
Identify and discuss the possible steps or policies to minimize concerns that some have raised about potential abuses.
Feel free to do additional research on the topic of fusion centers, beyond the reading that has been assigned to further improve your paper.
*Wrote in third party. NO Opinions..
Assignment 2 Grading Criteria
Maximum Points
Justified the stand for or against the use of fusion centers as a local law enforcement tool.
12
Analyzed and explained the potential use or abuse of fusion centers with regard to violating citizen rights.
28
Analyzed and explained the differences in cooperation between the fusion centers and multiagency activities.
28
Discussed the steps that the police may take to minimize concerns of potential abuses through fusion centers.
12
Wrote in a clear, concise, and organized manner; demonstrated ethical scholarship in the accurate representation and attribution of sources; and displayed accurate spelling, grammar, and punctuation.
20
Total:
100
.
Research and Policy DevelopmentAfter reading Chapter 5 of th.docx
Research and Policy Development
After reading Chapter 5 of the Mosher textbook, the article entitled "Internet Development, Censorship, and
Cyber
Crimes in China" by Liang and Lu, and the article entitled "'Snitches End Up in Ditches' and Other Cautionary Tales" by Morris, I can relate to how the contents of these sources affect research and policy development. While they are presented differently, these research articles have unique implications on the development of criminal justice policy. I am particularly drawn towards the text by Morris (2010). If members of the society such as teenagers can establish a culture that inhibits sharing information with formal authorities, one construct that is affected is the criminal justice public policy development process that depends on the ability of
law
enforcement to deliberate with members of the society to establish a consensus regarding which policies to pursue. Policing is a social process and if officers are denied information by the community through such codes, the criminal justice system cannot execute its mandate.
As a criminal justice leader, the National Crime Victimization Survey would concern me because this
survey
avails important information about the frequency of crime and the proportion that goes unreported (Ybarra & Lohr, 2002). When compared to the Uniform Crime Report, I would say that incident-based reporting provides official crime data and may be limited as with regards to its ability to provide a general view of crime rates that take place. In fact, it fails to capture crimes that are not reported to the police. As I have already mentioned, the “Snitches End Up in Ditches' and Other Cautionary Tales” is a particularly powerful article because it invokes action from criminal justice leaders. The action that I would take is to promote better relations between law enforcement entities and the community to establish a mutually inclusive work environment for better policy making.
References
Morris, E. W. (2010). “Snitches end up in ditches” and other cautionary tales.
Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice
,
26
(3), 254-272.
Ybarra, L. M., & Lohr, S. L. (2002). Estimates of repeat victimization using the National Crime Victimization Survey.
Journal of Quantitative Criminology
,
18
(1), 1-21.
.
Running Head INTELLIGENCE GATHERING .docx
Running Head: INTELLIGENCE GATHERING 1
INTELLIGENCE GATHERING
The Intelligence Gathering Debate
Joshua Rodgers
HSM 101 Introduction to Homeland Security
Instructor: Raymond Edwards
04/08/2019
The Intelligence Gathering Debate
Everyone would agree that the world has experienced increased incidences of terrorism in different countries leading to the loss of thousands of lives. This necessitated changing how intelligence is gathered and handled. For example, the September 11 attack on the American soil prompted changes in the security measures to protect the country from more attacks. These changes highlighted the challenges posed by technological advancement and how it impacts intelligence gathering (Gray, 2016). Moreover, there are concerns about infringing on privacy rights in the name of intelligence gathering and oftentimes, the 4th Amendment to the Federal Constitution is cited in arguing against interfering with the right to privacy in gathering intelligence. This paper provides a comprehensive view of intelligence gathering.
Question I
There is no doubt that intelligence plays a crucial role in the intensified fight against terrorism both within the United States and across the globe. For instance, it plays a pivotal role in diminishing the tactical effects and strategies employed by terrorists. In other words, it is seen as the best weapon in the war against terrorism. Actionable intelligence plays an important role in defending a nation against threats and improving emergency response (Gray, 2016). More importantly, it enables a country to beef up security and prevent terror attacks. Equally, an effective intelligence system in place gets the right information to the right people at the right time thus enabling the Department of Homeland Security to respond in time and extinguish terror attacks before they happen.
Question II
There are several constitutional issues that are raised regarding the gathering of intelligence. For example, many legal scholars argue that personal privacy must be protected at all costs from the encroachment of a surveillance state (Gregory, 2016). It is therefore important to appreciate that there is a complex relationship between intelligence gathering for national security and the need to safeguard individual privacy. According to the Federal Constitution, the 4th Amendment prohibits unreasonable search and seizure. Unfortunately, technology has increasingly become sophisticated and this may necessitate the need to change the law in order to legal battles they may be raised with regards to the gathering of intelligence without violating the law.
Question III
It is imperative to appreciate the fact that the United States Federal government may collect emails, cell phones, and other electronic data from American citizens witho.
Since the terrorist attacks against the United States on September 1.docx
Since the terrorist attacks against the United States on September 11, 2001, there has been a real push in local law enforcement agencies—especially large ones—to incorporate intelligence-led policing techniques.
A part of that strategy has been the creation of fusion centers in all fifty states intended to facilitate the sharing of police intelligence information between federal, state, and local agencies. Consider the Lambert (2010) article, "Intelligence-Led Policing in a Fusion Center" and the "US Government Accountability Office (GAO) Report on Fusion Centers" in the
Webliography
.
The creation of fusion centers and their operations have not been without controversy. Many civil libertarians have expressed concern that instead of focusing only on real threats, fusion centers encourage the government's suspicion toward law-abiding citizens and groups that are suspected of potential hostility toward government.
Tasks:
Write a 2- to 3-page paper. In the paper:
Take a definitive stand, with explanations, for or against the use of fusion centers as a local law enforcement tool.
Discuss how these centers may be abused to violate citizen rights.
Explain the difference between the cooperation that occurs through fusion centers and that through other kinds of multiagency activities, such as task forces and joint investigations.
Identify and discuss the possible steps or policies to minimize concerns that some have raised about potential abuses.
Feel free to do additional research on the topic of fusion centers, beyond the reading that has been assigned to further improve your paper.
Submission Details:
Save the report as M4_A2_Lastname_Firstname.doc.
By
Wednesday, July 15, 2015
, submit your report to the
M4: Assignment 2 Dropbox
.
Assignment 2 Grading Criteria
Maximum Points
Justified the stand for or against the use of fusion centers as a local law enforcement tool.
12
Analyzed and explained the potential use or abuse of fusion centers with regard to violating citizen rights.
28
Analyzed and explained the differences in cooperation between the fusion centers and multiagency activities.
28
Discussed the steps that the police may take to minimize concerns of potential abuses through fusion centers.
12
Wrote in a clear, concise, and organized manner; demonstrated ethical scholarship in the accurate representation and attribution of sources; and displayed accurate spelling, grammar, and punctuation.
20
Total:
100
.
Internet Crime And Moral Responsibility
The document discusses various types of internet crimes including phishing, child pornography, cyber stalking, computer intrusion, denial of service attacks, identity theft, and whose responsibility it is to report these crimes. It describes the agencies responsible for handling crime reports which are the FBI's Internet Crime Complaint Center and the National Center for Missing and Exploited Children. The document concludes that users need to be informed about verifying emails and contacting companies directly to reduce personal information being gathered unlawfully.
Since the terrorist attacks against the United States on September.docx
Since the terrorist attacks against the United States on September 11, 2001, there has been a real push in local law enforcement agencies—especially large ones—to incorporate intelligence-led policing techniques.
A part of that strategy has been the creation of fusion centers in all fifty states intended to facilitate the sharing of police intelligence information between federal, state, and local agencies. Consider the Lambert (2010) article, "Intelligence-Led Policing in a Fusion Center" and the "US Government Accountability Office (GAO) Report on Fusion Centers" in the
Webliography
.
The creation of fusion centers and their operations have not been without controversy. Many civil libertarians have expressed concern that instead of focusing only on real threats, fusion centers encourage the government's suspicion toward law-abiding citizens and groups that are suspected of potential hostility toward government.
Tasks:
Write a 2- to 3-page paper. In the paper:
Take a definitive stand, with explanations, for or against the use of fusion centers as a local law enforcement tool.
Discuss how these centers may be abused to violate citizen rights.
Explain the difference between the cooperation that occurs through fusion centers and that through other kinds of multiagency activities, such as task forces and joint investigations.
Identify and discuss the possible steps or policies to minimize concerns that some have raised about potential abuses.
Feel free to do additional research on the topic of fusion centers, beyond the reading that has been assigned to further improve your paper.
Submission Details:
Save the report as M4_A2_Lastname_Firstname.doc.
By
Wednesday, February 3, 2016
, submit your report to the
M4: Assignment 2 Dropbox
.
Assignment 2 Grading Criteria
Maximum Points
Justified the stand for or against the use of fusion centers as a local law enforcement tool.
12
Analyzed and explained the potential use or abuse of fusion centers with regard to violating citizen rights.
28
Analyzed and explained the differences in cooperation between the fusion centers and multiagency activities.
28
Discussed the steps that the police may take to minimize concerns of potential abuses through fusion centers.
12
Wrote in a clear, concise, and organized manner; demonstrated ethical scholarship in the accurate representation and attribution of sources; and displayed accurate spelling, grammar, and punctuation.
20
Total:
100
.
Community Policing-Assignment Topic (Community Policing and Specia
Community Policing-Assignment Topic (Community Policing and Special Populations)*1500 words total.
1. Discuss the special groups the authors are referring to when they write about “special populations.” What unique problems do these groups have with respect to the delivery of police services?
2. Of the special populations discussed in the text, which group, in your estimation, presents the greatest difficulties for the police? Why?
3. Discuss the reasons juveniles represent a special problem for community policing.
4.When dealing with the homeless, CPOs must realize that there are different types of homeless. Describe the different types and how dealing with each is different.
Investigation Of Organize Crimes-Discussion Topic (Organized Crime’s Political and Corporate Alliances)
1.Search for a news article, no more than five years old, that links a politician from your state or region to organized crime. Post it in the forum. Was this easy to do? How do you think today's access to information impacts this relationship?
2.Which do you believe has more deleterious impact on the average American worker; organized crime associated with politicians, or organized crime associated with labor unions (Chapter 5)? Explain
Investigation Of Organize Crimes-Assignment Topic (Organized Crime’s Political and Corporate Alliances)-500 words for each question
1.Explain the significance of organized crime's alliance with politicians and business leaders. Cite specific examples (federal, state or your local community), preferably current ones in the news that are not in the textbook.
2.Define the specific ways in which politicians can benefit from a partnership with organized crime, and in what ways the reverse is true. Cite one real-life example that has been covered in the news media, including what is perceived to have been gained by each side.
3.This module talked about Meyer Lansky's contribution to legitimatizing organized crime and how his involvement enables us to better understand organized crime and the corporate and political alliances. Explain your beliefs about the major influences of Lansky.
4.Describe the ways by which the savings and loan (S&L) scandals represented collusion between organized crime and legitimate commerce. Provide your solution and its rationale for preventing this from happening in other businesses.
The Investigation Of White Collar Crimes- Discussion (Corruption of Public Officials)
1.In 2006 the office of a Congressman was searched. What happened as a result of that search? What were the facts behind the investigation? Do you believe this an impermissible intrusion on the legislative branch by the executive branch?
2.There was campaign finance reform in the 1970's, and then again in early 2000's. What changes were made in the most recent effort at campaign finance reform? Will the changes be effective in preventing corruption?
The Investigation Of White Collar Crimes- Assignment 1500 words(Corruption of Public Officia ...
Principles and Approaches to Criminal Investigation, .docx
Principles and
Approaches
to Criminal
Investigation,
Part 4
By Gregory M. Vecchi, PhD, CFC, CHS-V,
DABCIP, DABLEE
For the purposes of this series of articles, the
term investigative processes will be used to de-
scribe both criminal investigation and crime
scene processing. Any distinctions between crim-
inal investigation and crime scene processing
will be designated as such. Although crime scene
processing is part of criminal investigation, it is
distinct; crime scene processing requires rigorous
scientific methodologies (i.e., collection proce-
dures, testing protocols, etc.), while criminal in-
vestigation has less of a “hard science” character
and relies more on the experience and skills of
the investigator rather than rigid scientific pro-
tocols and procedures. In this light, crime scene
processing can be viewed as the “science” of in-
vestigative processes, whereas criminal investi-
gation can be viewed as the “art.” The format of
this article series is to provide information on the
entire spectrum of investigative processes that is
useful for all individuals involved in investiga-
tions: the responding officer, detectives/investi-
gators, police supervisors, lawyers, judges, and
other criminal justice professionals. This article
examines special investigations such as white
collar crime, drug trafficking, high-tech crime,
and terrorism using the Enterprise Theory of
Investigation; trial and testimony; and conflict
and perspective.
Special Investigations
Special investigations include white-collar crime,
drug trafficking, organized crime, high tech-
nology or cyber crime, cults, and terrorism
(Criminology Today, 1995-2002a, 1995-2002b;
Dyson, 2005). These crimes require special in-
vestigative techniques, such as undercover op-
erations and the use of the Enterprise Theory
of Investigation. White-collar crime is often
related to corporate crime, such as the Enron
and WorldCom scandals; however, it is also as-
sociated with health care, telemarketing, bank
and securities, contract, and residential mov-
ing. Organized crime is usually associated with
centrally controlled organized criminal organi-
zations, such as Italian, Italian-American, and
Colombian criminal groups; however, lesser
known decentralized criminal organizations
are making inroads. For example, Russian and
Israeli criminal groups are threatening to take
control of rackets like drugs, money launder-
ing, and many extortion-related schemes, which
were once the exclusive realm of the centralized
organized criminal groups.
The views
expressed in
this article do
not necessarily
represent the
views of the FBI.
10 THE FORENSIC EXAMINER® Spring 2010 www.acfei.com
CASE STUDY
Drug trafficking still remains a very lucrative
and corrupting influence in the United States
(Criminology Today, 1995-2002a). Although
there has been some success in curbing the influx
of illegal drugs through enforcement and educa-
tional programs,.
250 words agree or disagreeIntelligence and Information Sharin.docx
250 words agree or disagree
Intelligence and Information Sharing
A lack of information sharing is likely to be a stumbling block to implementing an effective homeland security strategy. There are currently two significant obstacles when it comes to intelligence, information sharing and fighting crime and terrorism. The fragmented nature of data collection and incident reporting among local, state and federal law enforcement agencies hinders their ability to connect information that may point to terrorist plots or other ongoing criminal activity (National Governors Association , 2007). Secondly, the private sector which owns a significant amount of data as well as majority of the country’s critical infrastructure is often not connected to the homeland security intelligence and information-sharing networks. This information-sharing problem can be resolved by:
creating intelligence fusion centers that bring together law enforcement, intelligence, emergency management, public health, and other agencies, and the variety of information they collect into one central location
joining national efforts that encourage intelligence and information sharing and include regional, multistate, and federal systems
Utilizing national standards for information sharing that foster the ability of systems to exchange data.
Intelligence Fusion Centers
Fusion center were created after the 9/11 terrorist attacks and they were intended to improve homeland security by solving the information-sharing gaps among the different components of the intelligence community. Though fusion centers vary from state to state, most contain similar elements, including members of state law enforcement, public health, social services, public safety, and public works organizations. Increasingly, federal agencies such as the Department of Homeland Security (DHS), Federal Bureau of Investigation, Drug Enforcement Administration, and Bureau of Alcohol Tobacco and Firearms station representatives at state-level fusion centers. State and federal representatives input into a fusion center’s database a broad spectrum of information, including the location and capabilities of area hospitals, details from calls to the state’s 911 emergency hotline, and names from federal terrorism watch lists. This data pool is then drawn on to form a clearer picture of threats facing each state. In addition, it helps inform police investigations, contingency planning, and emergency response. Experts say putting this information at the fingertips of local law enforcement transforms police officers from first responders into “first preventers.” The idea is that the next time a would-be terrorist on a government watch list is pulled over for speeding, the officer at the scene will have the information he needs. Placing federal representatives alongside local officials also helps to ensure more timely delivery of information. In the past, state and local authorities often received warnings only in times of.
1 Crime, Criminal Justice, andCriminologyLearning Obj
1: Crime, Criminal Justice, and
Criminology
Learning Objectives
This section will broadly introduce crime, criminal justice, and criminology. This section is designed to be a
broad overview of what the subsequent chapters will cover in detail. It also demonstrates how the United States
create laws, policies enacted to enforce laws, and the role of the media. After reading this section, students will be
able to:
• Understand the differences between deviance, rule violations, and criminality
• Explain the differences between the interactionist, consensus, and conflict views in the creation of
laws
• Identify the three components of the criminal justice system
• Discuss the differences between crime control and due process model, and application examples to
each
• Describe the wedding cake model theory and application examples to each tier
• Briefly explain the role of the media and how media may spread myths in society
• Briefly understand the unique role of victims in the criminal justice process
Background Knowledge Probe: The goal here is to assess current knowledge about the criminal
justice system at the start of the course. Each of these topics is covered throughout the course, and they will
often be a controversial topic and topic for debate.
You will indicate whether you know each statement to be True or False, but there is no right or wrong
answer since it is just to assess your background knowledge.
1. Blacks commit more crime than any other racial group.
9
2. The United States has the lowest recidivism rates in the world (return to prison).
3. The death penalty is cheaper than life imprisonment.
4. Politicians shape our thoughts on crime, even if they are inaccurate.
5. Children are most likely to be killed by a stranger.
6. A stranger is most likely to physically harm you.
7. White-collar crime costs our country more every year than street-crime.
8. Juveniles are more violent today than ever before.
9. Immigrants commit more crime than native-born people.
10. Violent crime has risen in the United States over the last 20 years.
ALISON S. BURKE, DAVID CARTER, BRIAN FEDOREK, TIFFANY MOREY, LORE RUTZ-BURRI, AND SHANELL
SANCHEZ
10
1.1. Crime and the Criminal Justice System
SHANELL SANCHEZ
Theft as a Child
The first lesson in crime and criminality I remember was when I was in second grade and stole something from
a local drug store. I thought that the bracelet was shiny and perfect. At first, I remember wanting to try it on, but
then I did not want to take it off. I had more questions than my Nana may have been ready to answer about why I
did it and why I could not keep it. I had to take the bracelet back, which hurt because I loved it. Because of guilt or
shame, I told my grandma what I did.
Think about a time in your life that you may have done something similar. Was this first lesson in crime and
criminality from the person you were raised by such as a parent(s) or grandparent(s)? Did they ...
1 Crime, Criminal Justice, andCriminologyLearning Obj
1: Crime, Criminal Justice, and
Criminology
Learning Objectives
This section will broadly introduce crime, criminal justice, and criminology. This section is designed to be a
broad overview of what the subsequent chapters will cover in detail. It also demonstrates how the United States
create laws, policies enacted to enforce laws, and the role of the media. After reading this section, students will be
able to:
• Understand the differences between deviance, rule violations, and criminality
• Explain the differences between the interactionist, consensus, and conflict views in the creation of
laws
• Identify the three components of the criminal justice system
• Discuss the differences between crime control and due process model, and application examples to
each
• Describe the wedding cake model theory and application examples to each tier
• Briefly explain the role of the media and how media may spread myths in society
• Briefly understand the unique role of victims in the criminal justice process
Background Knowledge Probe: The goal here is to assess current knowledge about the criminal
justice system at the start of the course. Each of these topics is covered throughout the course, and they will
often be a controversial topic and topic for debate.
You will indicate whether you know each statement to be True or False, but there is no right or wrong
answer since it is just to assess your background knowledge.
1. Blacks commit more crime than any other racial group.
9
2. The United States has the lowest recidivism rates in the world (return to prison).
3. The death penalty is cheaper than life imprisonment.
4. Politicians shape our thoughts on crime, even if they are inaccurate.
5. Children are most likely to be killed by a stranger.
6. A stranger is most likely to physically harm you.
7. White-collar crime costs our country more every year than street-crime.
8. Juveniles are more violent today than ever before.
9. Immigrants commit more crime than native-born people.
10. Violent crime has risen in the United States over the last 20 years.
ALISON S. BURKE, DAVID CARTER, BRIAN FEDOREK, TIFFANY MOREY, LORE RUTZ-BURRI, AND SHANELL
SANCHEZ
10
1.1. Crime and the Criminal Justice System
SHANELL SANCHEZ
Theft as a Child
The first lesson in crime and criminality I remember was when I was in second grade and stole something from
a local drug store. I thought that the bracelet was shiny and perfect. At first, I remember wanting to try it on, but
then I did not want to take it off. I had more questions than my Nana may have been ready to answer about why I
did it and why I could not keep it. I had to take the bracelet back, which hurt because I loved it. Because of guilt or
shame, I told my grandma what I did.
Think about a time in your life that you may have done something similar. Was this first lesson in crime and
criminality from the person you were raised by such as a parent(s) or grandparent(s)? Did they ...
Statistica Sinica 16(2006), 847-860PSEUDO-R2IN LOGIS.docx
Statistica Sinica 16(2006), 847-860
PSEUDO-R
2
IN LOGISTIC REGRESSION MODEL
Bo Hu, Jun Shao and Mari Palta
University of Wisconsin-Madison
Abstract: Logistic regression with binary and multinomial outcomes is commonly
used, and researchers have long searched for an interpretable measure of the strength
of a particular logistic model. This article describes the large sample properties
of some pseudo-R2 statistics for assessing the predictive strength of the logistic
regression model. We present theoretical results regarding the convergence and
asymptotic normality of pseudo-R2s. Simulation results and an example are also
presented. The behavior of the pseudo-R2s is investigated numerically across a
range of conditions to aid in practical interpretation.
Key words and phrases: Entropy, logistic regression, pseudo-R2
1. Introduction
Logistic regression for binary and multinomial outcomes is commonly used
in health research. Researchers often desire a statistic ranging from zero to one
to summarize the overall strength of a given model, with zero indicating a model
with no predictive value and one indicating a perfect fit. The coefficient of deter-
mination R2 for the linear regression model serves as a standard for such measures
(Draper and Smith (1998)). Statisticians have searched for a corresponding in-
dicator for models with binary/multinomial outcome. Many different R2 statis-
tics have been proposed in the past three decades (see, e.g., McFadden (1973),
McKelvey and Zavoina (1975), Maddala (1983), Agresti (1986), Nagelkerke
(1991), Cox and Wermuch (1992), Ash and Shwartz (1999), Zheng and Agresti
(2000)). These statistics, which are usually identical to the standard R2 when
applied to a linear model, generally fall into categories of entropy-based and
variance-based (Mittlböck and Schemper (1996)). Entropy-based R2 statistics,
also called pseudo-R2s, have gained some popularity in the social sciences (Mad-
dala (1983), Laitila (1993) and Long (1997)). McKelvey and Zavoina (1975)
proposed a pseudo-R2 based on a latent model structure, where the binary/
multinomial outcome results from discretizing a continuous latent variable that
is related to the predictors through a linear model. Their pseudo-R2 is defined
as the proportion of the variance of the latent variable that is explained by the
848 BO HU, JUN SHAO AND MARI PALTA
covariate. McFadden (1973) suggested an alternative, known as “likelihood-
ratio index”, comparing a model without any predictor to a model including all
predictors. It is defined as one minus the ratio of the log likelihood with inter-
cepts only, and the log likelihood with all predictors. If the slope parameters
are all 0, McFadden’s R2 is 0, but it is never 1. Maddala (1983) developed
another pseudo-R2 that can be applied to any model estimated by the maximum
likelihood method. This popular and widely used measure is expressed as
R2M = 1 −
(
L(θ̃)
L(θ̂)
)
2
n
, (1)
.
Stations yourself somewhere (library, cafeteria, etc.) and observe.docx
Stations yourself somewhere (library, cafeteria, etc.) and observe the nonverbal communication that occurs.
What do people say with their bodies?
What messages are implicit in vocal expressions, clothes, make-up and so on?
Take notes on five of the most eloquent messages sent nonverbally.
*one page.
*Read the instructions then write about 5 difeerent people
.
StatementState legislatures continue to advance policy proposals.docx
Statement
State legislatures continue to advance policy proposals to address cyber threats directed at governments and private businesses. As threats continue to evolve and expand and as the pace of new technologies accelerates, legislatures are making cybersecurity measures a higher priority.
Assignment
You are to author a 2-page (maximum) paper about the “failed” amendments proposed by the Kentucky legislature in 2019 with respect to Cyber Policy. APA format – 1 cover page, 2 content pages, and 1 reference page.
You are to answer two questions in your individual papers.
Brief background of the proposed amendment and “researched” speculation as to why it failed?
What would you propose for them to pass in 2020?
Remember to cite your sources appropriately and turn in original work!
Section 54
KY S 14
Status: Failed - Adjourned
Provides definitions relating to personal information, provides certain personal information that shall be protected from disclosure by a public agency or third-party contractor through redaction or other means, provides a list of covered persons, provides guidelines for contracts between a public agency and a third-party contractor.
.
StatementState legislatures continue to advance policy propo.docx
Statement
State legislatures continue to advance policy proposals to address cyber threats directed at governments and private businesses. As threats continue to evolve and expand and as the pace of new technologies accelerates, legislatures are making cybersecurity measures a higher priority.
Assignment
You are to author a 2-page (maximum) paper about the “failed” amendments proposed by the Kentucky legislature in 2019 with respect to Cyber Policy. APA format – 1 cover page, 2 content pages, and 1 reference page.
You are to answer two questions in your individual papers.
Brief background of the proposed amendment and “researched” speculation as to why it failed?
What would you propose for them to pass in 2020?
Remember to cite your sources appropriately and turn in original work!
KY S 14
Status: Failed - Adjourned
Provides definitions relating to personal information, provides certain personal information that shall be protected from disclosure by a public agency or third-party contractor through redaction or other means, provides a list of covered persons, provides guidelines for contracts between a public agency and a third-party contractor.
.
Statement of PurposeProvide a statement of your educational .docx
Statement of Purpose
Provide a statement of your educational background, experience, and preparation relevant to a graduate program in computer science, and specify your research and career goals.
The statement of purpose is a short essay introducing the applicant and his or her
interests, goals, and reasons for pursuing graduate study in history. Applicants may wish
to share a draft of their statement with the individuals writing their letters of
recommendation. While every statement, like every prospective student, will be different,
applicants should devote special attention to the following items:
• Academic/Professional Background: Please give your academic credentials, with
degrees, dates, and relevant employment experience. You do not need to list every
job you have had, only those that bear directly on your desire to enter graduate
school.
• Motivations and Aims: Explain what motivates you to do graduate work in history
and what your goals are, both within the graduate program and after the
completion of your degree.
• Existing Expertise and Accomplishments in History: Discuss any areas of
expertise you may already have in your proposed area of interest. If you have
experience doing research, please describe the project and your work on it. If you
have any special talents or skills, such as a foreign language, please describe
them.
• Proposed Course of Study: Please identify planned major field and minor fields of
study.
• Other Relevant Experiences or Personal Qualities: Discuss any experiences or
personal attributes that may illuminate your commitment to the study of history
and to the successful completion of the graduate program.
Format: Your statement of purpose should be limited to no more than 750 words
(between 2 and 3 pages).
.
States and the federal government should not use private prisons for.docx
States and the federal government should not use private prisons for various reasons. First, most of the private prisons are for-profit facilities. Therefore, they cut on expenses such as lacking enough staffing and resources, which is likely to affect inmates' safety and quality of life. Further, while pro-private prisons note that private prisons save taxpayers' money, studies indicate that they do not reduce costs. For instance, the day to day cost of housing an inmate in 2010 was $53.02 for private prisons compared to $48.42 for a medium-security public prison (Pedowitz, 2012). Also, prisoners do not receive similar kinds of treatment in private facilities. While they may be suitable for the local economy, such as offering job opportunities, lowering costs by private facilities leaves inmates sick and not well cared for (NPR Staff, 2011).
.
StatementState legislatures continue to advance policy proposa.docx
The document discusses a 2-page paper assignment on failed cybersecurity amendments proposed by the Kentucky legislature in 2019. Students are asked to analyze why one amendment failed and propose a new amendment for 2020. The failed amendment, KY S 14, aimed to protect personal information from disclosure by public agencies or third-party contractors.
Statement of Interest (This is used to apply for Graduate Schoo.docx
Statement of Interest: (This is used to apply for Graduate School, digital media program)
Length: 2 pages. (500-750 words)
Area of interest in digital media.
-computational arts.
I did a mix media group exhibition in Feb. 2018 called What Makes You You. Half of my show is a sculpture-based installation. The other half is an interactive digital programed art(using Processing software). The visual of human evolution ties these two park together. See details at https://dongpu.weebly.com/what-makes-you-you.html
-short videos (documentary production).
I love shooting short videos. I formed a Youtube team called 2037 Club last year. https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCmtUQfDMvL9iE8IOy9oshSA
The latest documentary I did is called Liang(Grain). Video Statement：This documentary discovers the Chinese planned economy history period, which starts at the 1950s. People were given a certain amount of coupons to buy food and daily needs because of the limitation of products. Since this is a historical theme, reference images are included to support the concept of buying food today and before 1990. Other than that, the visuals are mainly about common people’s daily routine nowadays. Along with the visual, the most artistic part in this video is Shanghainese dialogue, which explained food coupons in the way of storytelling. “I accidentally found many food coupons in my grandparents’ house this summer, so I went to ask them about the experiences they had with these coupons. My curiosity leads me to the theme.” said by the producer.
This particular video also has a different meaning to me. My Grandmother passed away one week before the video published at the film festival (at Scottsdale Museum of Commemoratory Art). This piece becomes memorable to me, sadly, my grandmother never had a chance to see the whole piece.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fD0Y-BXDfnY
-3D animation for games
I learned Maya in an animation course. Like editing videos, I soon full in love with 3D modeling.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nGIRxaUdYiY
Business idea, if an applicant has one. It is fine if an applicant is unsure when applying to the program. It is also fine if an applicant is interested in the artistic aspect of digital media and not the entrepreneurial aspect.
I would like to complete a mobile game project in my Graduate studies period and start a game company after graduation. Meanwhile, still active in the art field being an intermedia artist.
Goals or expectations upon completion of the digital media program.
-I want to learn more about computer technologies to create artistic works. Focusing on the field of game development.
-Do more social, get to know people in my field
-Get professional advices of my projects
Here is my cover letter, you can utilize this for the statement of interest.
As a creative and passionate professional with a rich history of developing creative materials, I am eager to submit my resume for consideration for the (Position Title) position .
StatementState legislatures continue to advance policy prop.docx
Statement
State legislatures continue to advance policy proposals to address cyber threats directed at governments and private businesses. As threats continue to evolve and expand and as the pace of new technologies accelerates, legislatures are making cybersecurity measures a higher priority.
Assignment
You are page amendments to author a 2-page (maximum) paper about the “failed” amendments proposed by the Kentucky legislature in 2019 with respect to Cyber Policy. APA format – 1 cover page, 2 content pages, and 1 reference pageamendments proposed.
You are to answer two questions in your individual papers.
Brief background of the proposed amendment and “researched” speculation as to why it failed?
What would you propose for them to pass in 2020?
.
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Similar to State and major urban area fusion centers serve as focal points wi.docx
Assignment 2 Library Research—Fusion Centers as a Law Enforceme.docx
Assignment 2: Library Research—Fusion Centers as a Law Enforcement Tool
Since the terrorist attacks against the United States on September 11, 2001, there has been a real push in local law enforcement agencies—especially large ones—to incorporate intelligence-led policing techniques.
A part of that strategy has been the creation of fusion centers in all fifty states intended to facilitate the sharing of police intelligence information between federal, state, and local agencies. Consider the Lambert (2010) article, "Intelligence-Led Policing in a Fusion Center" and the "US Government Accountability Office (GAO) Report on Fusion Centers" in the
Community Policing
.
The creation of fusion centers and their operations have not been without controversy. Many civil libertarians have expressed concern that instead of focusing only on real threats, fusion centers encourage the government's suspicion toward law-abiding citizens and groups that are suspected of potential hostility toward government.
Tasks:
Write a 2- to 3-page paper. In the paper:
Take a definitive stand, with explanations, for or against the use of fusion centers as a local law enforcement tool.
Discuss how these centers may be abused to violate citizen rights.
Explain the difference between the cooperation that occurs through fusion centers and that through other kinds of multiagency activities, such as task forces and joint investigations.
Identify and discuss the possible steps or policies to minimize concerns that some have raised about potential abuses.
Feel free to do additional research on the topic of fusion centers, beyond the reading that has been assigned to further improve your paper.
Submission Details:
Save the report as M4_A2_Lastname_Firstname.doc.
By the due date assigned
, submit your report to the
Submissions Area
.
Assignment 2 Grading Criteria
Justified the stand for or against the use of fusion centers as a local law enforcement tool.
Analyzed and explained the potential use or abuse of fusion centers with regard to violating citizen rights.
Analyzed and explained the differences in cooperation between the fusion centers and multiagency activities.
Discussed the steps that the police may take to minimize concerns of potential abuses through fusion centers.
Wrote in a clear, concise, and organized manner; demonstrated ethical scholarship in the accurate representation and attribution of sources; and displayed accurate spelling, grammar, and punctuation.
...
Homeland security pp
This document discusses balancing homeland security and civil liberties after 9/11. It describes how the U.S. established the Department of Homeland Security and passed the Patriot Act to increase surveillance of potential terrorists. It also discusses fusion centers created to gather and share intelligence nationwide and debates whether these security measures have made the country safer at the cost of individual privacy and freedom.
Assignment 2 Library Research—Fusion Centers as a Law Enforcement T.docx
Assignment 2: Library Research—Fusion Centers as a Law Enforcement Tool
Since the terrorist attacks against the United States on September 11, 2001, there has been a real push in local law enforcement agencies—especially large ones—to incorporate intelligence-led policing techniques.
A part of that strategy has been the creation of fusion centers in all fifty states intended to facilitate the sharing of police intelligence information between federal, state, and local agencies. Consider the Lambert (2010) article, "Intelligence-Led Policing in a Fusion Center" and the "US Government Accountability Office (GAO) Report on Fusion Centers" in the
Webliography
.
The creation of fusion centers and their operations have not been without controversy. Many civil libertarians have expressed concern that instead of focusing only on real threats, fusion centers encourage the government's suspicion toward law-abiding citizens and groups that are suspected of potential hostility toward government.
Tasks:
Write a 2- to 3-page paper. In the paper:
Take a definitive stand, with explanations, for or against the use of fusion centers as a local law enforcement tool.
Discuss how these centers may be abused to violate citizen rights.
Explain the difference between the cooperation that occurs through fusion centers and that through other kinds of multiagency activities, such as task forces and joint investigations.
Identify and discuss the possible steps or policies to minimize concerns that some have raised about potential abuses.
Feel free to do additional research on the topic of fusion centers, beyond the reading that has been assigned to further improve your paper.
*Wrote in third party. NO Opinions..
Assignment 2 Grading Criteria
Maximum Points
Justified the stand for or against the use of fusion centers as a local law enforcement tool.
12
Analyzed and explained the potential use or abuse of fusion centers with regard to violating citizen rights.
28
Analyzed and explained the differences in cooperation between the fusion centers and multiagency activities.
28
Discussed the steps that the police may take to minimize concerns of potential abuses through fusion centers.
12
Wrote in a clear, concise, and organized manner; demonstrated ethical scholarship in the accurate representation and attribution of sources; and displayed accurate spelling, grammar, and punctuation.
20
Total:
100
.
Research and Policy DevelopmentAfter reading Chapter 5 of th.docx
Research and Policy Development
After reading Chapter 5 of the Mosher textbook, the article entitled "Internet Development, Censorship, and
Cyber
Crimes in China" by Liang and Lu, and the article entitled "'Snitches End Up in Ditches' and Other Cautionary Tales" by Morris, I can relate to how the contents of these sources affect research and policy development. While they are presented differently, these research articles have unique implications on the development of criminal justice policy. I am particularly drawn towards the text by Morris (2010). If members of the society such as teenagers can establish a culture that inhibits sharing information with formal authorities, one construct that is affected is the criminal justice public policy development process that depends on the ability of
law
enforcement to deliberate with members of the society to establish a consensus regarding which policies to pursue. Policing is a social process and if officers are denied information by the community through such codes, the criminal justice system cannot execute its mandate.
As a criminal justice leader, the National Crime Victimization Survey would concern me because this
survey
avails important information about the frequency of crime and the proportion that goes unreported (Ybarra & Lohr, 2002). When compared to the Uniform Crime Report, I would say that incident-based reporting provides official crime data and may be limited as with regards to its ability to provide a general view of crime rates that take place. In fact, it fails to capture crimes that are not reported to the police. As I have already mentioned, the “Snitches End Up in Ditches' and Other Cautionary Tales” is a particularly powerful article because it invokes action from criminal justice leaders. The action that I would take is to promote better relations between law enforcement entities and the community to establish a mutually inclusive work environment for better policy making.
References
Morris, E. W. (2010). “Snitches end up in ditches” and other cautionary tales.
Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice
,
26
(3), 254-272.
Ybarra, L. M., & Lohr, S. L. (2002). Estimates of repeat victimization using the National Crime Victimization Survey.
Journal of Quantitative Criminology
,
18
(1), 1-21.
.
Running Head INTELLIGENCE GATHERING .docx
Running Head: INTELLIGENCE GATHERING 1
INTELLIGENCE GATHERING
The Intelligence Gathering Debate
Joshua Rodgers
HSM 101 Introduction to Homeland Security
Instructor: Raymond Edwards
04/08/2019
The Intelligence Gathering Debate
Everyone would agree that the world has experienced increased incidences of terrorism in different countries leading to the loss of thousands of lives. This necessitated changing how intelligence is gathered and handled. For example, the September 11 attack on the American soil prompted changes in the security measures to protect the country from more attacks. These changes highlighted the challenges posed by technological advancement and how it impacts intelligence gathering (Gray, 2016). Moreover, there are concerns about infringing on privacy rights in the name of intelligence gathering and oftentimes, the 4th Amendment to the Federal Constitution is cited in arguing against interfering with the right to privacy in gathering intelligence. This paper provides a comprehensive view of intelligence gathering.
Question I
There is no doubt that intelligence plays a crucial role in the intensified fight against terrorism both within the United States and across the globe. For instance, it plays a pivotal role in diminishing the tactical effects and strategies employed by terrorists. In other words, it is seen as the best weapon in the war against terrorism. Actionable intelligence plays an important role in defending a nation against threats and improving emergency response (Gray, 2016). More importantly, it enables a country to beef up security and prevent terror attacks. Equally, an effective intelligence system in place gets the right information to the right people at the right time thus enabling the Department of Homeland Security to respond in time and extinguish terror attacks before they happen.
Question II
There are several constitutional issues that are raised regarding the gathering of intelligence. For example, many legal scholars argue that personal privacy must be protected at all costs from the encroachment of a surveillance state (Gregory, 2016). It is therefore important to appreciate that there is a complex relationship between intelligence gathering for national security and the need to safeguard individual privacy. According to the Federal Constitution, the 4th Amendment prohibits unreasonable search and seizure. Unfortunately, technology has increasingly become sophisticated and this may necessitate the need to change the law in order to legal battles they may be raised with regards to the gathering of intelligence without violating the law.
Question III
It is imperative to appreciate the fact that the United States Federal government may collect emails, cell phones, and other electronic data from American citizens witho.
Since the terrorist attacks against the United States on September 1.docx
Since the terrorist attacks against the United States on September 11, 2001, there has been a real push in local law enforcement agencies—especially large ones—to incorporate intelligence-led policing techniques.
A part of that strategy has been the creation of fusion centers in all fifty states intended to facilitate the sharing of police intelligence information between federal, state, and local agencies. Consider the Lambert (2010) article, "Intelligence-Led Policing in a Fusion Center" and the "US Government Accountability Office (GAO) Report on Fusion Centers" in the
Webliography
.
The creation of fusion centers and their operations have not been without controversy. Many civil libertarians have expressed concern that instead of focusing only on real threats, fusion centers encourage the government's suspicion toward law-abiding citizens and groups that are suspected of potential hostility toward government.
Tasks:
Write a 2- to 3-page paper. In the paper:
Take a definitive stand, with explanations, for or against the use of fusion centers as a local law enforcement tool.
Discuss how these centers may be abused to violate citizen rights.
Explain the difference between the cooperation that occurs through fusion centers and that through other kinds of multiagency activities, such as task forces and joint investigations.
Identify and discuss the possible steps or policies to minimize concerns that some have raised about potential abuses.
Feel free to do additional research on the topic of fusion centers, beyond the reading that has been assigned to further improve your paper.
Submission Details:
Save the report as M4_A2_Lastname_Firstname.doc.
By
Wednesday, July 15, 2015
, submit your report to the
M4: Assignment 2 Dropbox
.
Assignment 2 Grading Criteria
Maximum Points
Justified the stand for or against the use of fusion centers as a local law enforcement tool.
12
Analyzed and explained the potential use or abuse of fusion centers with regard to violating citizen rights.
28
Analyzed and explained the differences in cooperation between the fusion centers and multiagency activities.
28
Discussed the steps that the police may take to minimize concerns of potential abuses through fusion centers.
12
Wrote in a clear, concise, and organized manner; demonstrated ethical scholarship in the accurate representation and attribution of sources; and displayed accurate spelling, grammar, and punctuation.
20
Total:
100
.
Internet Crime And Moral Responsibility
The document discusses various types of internet crimes including phishing, child pornography, cyber stalking, computer intrusion, denial of service attacks, identity theft, and whose responsibility it is to report these crimes. It describes the agencies responsible for handling crime reports which are the FBI's Internet Crime Complaint Center and the National Center for Missing and Exploited Children. The document concludes that users need to be informed about verifying emails and contacting companies directly to reduce personal information being gathered unlawfully.
Since the terrorist attacks against the United States on September.docx
Since the terrorist attacks against the United States on September 11, 2001, there has been a real push in local law enforcement agencies—especially large ones—to incorporate intelligence-led policing techniques.
A part of that strategy has been the creation of fusion centers in all fifty states intended to facilitate the sharing of police intelligence information between federal, state, and local agencies. Consider the Lambert (2010) article, "Intelligence-Led Policing in a Fusion Center" and the "US Government Accountability Office (GAO) Report on Fusion Centers" in the
Webliography
.
The creation of fusion centers and their operations have not been without controversy. Many civil libertarians have expressed concern that instead of focusing only on real threats, fusion centers encourage the government's suspicion toward law-abiding citizens and groups that are suspected of potential hostility toward government.
Tasks:
Write a 2- to 3-page paper. In the paper:
Take a definitive stand, with explanations, for or against the use of fusion centers as a local law enforcement tool.
Discuss how these centers may be abused to violate citizen rights.
Explain the difference between the cooperation that occurs through fusion centers and that through other kinds of multiagency activities, such as task forces and joint investigations.
Identify and discuss the possible steps or policies to minimize concerns that some have raised about potential abuses.
Feel free to do additional research on the topic of fusion centers, beyond the reading that has been assigned to further improve your paper.
Submission Details:
Save the report as M4_A2_Lastname_Firstname.doc.
By
Wednesday, February 3, 2016
, submit your report to the
M4: Assignment 2 Dropbox
.
Assignment 2 Grading Criteria
Maximum Points
Justified the stand for or against the use of fusion centers as a local law enforcement tool.
12
Analyzed and explained the potential use or abuse of fusion centers with regard to violating citizen rights.
28
Analyzed and explained the differences in cooperation between the fusion centers and multiagency activities.
28
Discussed the steps that the police may take to minimize concerns of potential abuses through fusion centers.
12
Wrote in a clear, concise, and organized manner; demonstrated ethical scholarship in the accurate representation and attribution of sources; and displayed accurate spelling, grammar, and punctuation.
20
Total:
100
.
Community Policing-Assignment Topic (Community Policing and Specia
Community Policing-Assignment Topic (Community Policing and Special Populations)*1500 words total.
1. Discuss the special groups the authors are referring to when they write about “special populations.” What unique problems do these groups have with respect to the delivery of police services?
2. Of the special populations discussed in the text, which group, in your estimation, presents the greatest difficulties for the police? Why?
3. Discuss the reasons juveniles represent a special problem for community policing.
4.When dealing with the homeless, CPOs must realize that there are different types of homeless. Describe the different types and how dealing with each is different.
Investigation Of Organize Crimes-Discussion Topic (Organized Crime’s Political and Corporate Alliances)
1.Search for a news article, no more than five years old, that links a politician from your state or region to organized crime. Post it in the forum. Was this easy to do? How do you think today's access to information impacts this relationship?
2.Which do you believe has more deleterious impact on the average American worker; organized crime associated with politicians, or organized crime associated with labor unions (Chapter 5)? Explain
Investigation Of Organize Crimes-Assignment Topic (Organized Crime’s Political and Corporate Alliances)-500 words for each question
1.Explain the significance of organized crime's alliance with politicians and business leaders. Cite specific examples (federal, state or your local community), preferably current ones in the news that are not in the textbook.
2.Define the specific ways in which politicians can benefit from a partnership with organized crime, and in what ways the reverse is true. Cite one real-life example that has been covered in the news media, including what is perceived to have been gained by each side.
3.This module talked about Meyer Lansky's contribution to legitimatizing organized crime and how his involvement enables us to better understand organized crime and the corporate and political alliances. Explain your beliefs about the major influences of Lansky.
4.Describe the ways by which the savings and loan (S&L) scandals represented collusion between organized crime and legitimate commerce. Provide your solution and its rationale for preventing this from happening in other businesses.
The Investigation Of White Collar Crimes- Discussion (Corruption of Public Officials)
1.In 2006 the office of a Congressman was searched. What happened as a result of that search? What were the facts behind the investigation? Do you believe this an impermissible intrusion on the legislative branch by the executive branch?
2.There was campaign finance reform in the 1970's, and then again in early 2000's. What changes were made in the most recent effort at campaign finance reform? Will the changes be effective in preventing corruption?
The Investigation Of White Collar Crimes- Assignment 1500 words(Corruption of Public Officia ...
Principles and Approaches to Criminal Investigation, .docx
Principles and
Approaches
to Criminal
Investigation,
Part 4
By Gregory M. Vecchi, PhD, CFC, CHS-V,
DABCIP, DABLEE
For the purposes of this series of articles, the
term investigative processes will be used to de-
scribe both criminal investigation and crime
scene processing. Any distinctions between crim-
inal investigation and crime scene processing
will be designated as such. Although crime scene
processing is part of criminal investigation, it is
distinct; crime scene processing requires rigorous
scientific methodologies (i.e., collection proce-
dures, testing protocols, etc.), while criminal in-
vestigation has less of a “hard science” character
and relies more on the experience and skills of
the investigator rather than rigid scientific pro-
tocols and procedures. In this light, crime scene
processing can be viewed as the “science” of in-
vestigative processes, whereas criminal investi-
gation can be viewed as the “art.” The format of
this article series is to provide information on the
entire spectrum of investigative processes that is
useful for all individuals involved in investiga-
tions: the responding officer, detectives/investi-
gators, police supervisors, lawyers, judges, and
other criminal justice professionals. This article
examines special investigations such as white
collar crime, drug trafficking, high-tech crime,
and terrorism using the Enterprise Theory of
Investigation; trial and testimony; and conflict
and perspective.
Special Investigations
Special investigations include white-collar crime,
drug trafficking, organized crime, high tech-
nology or cyber crime, cults, and terrorism
(Criminology Today, 1995-2002a, 1995-2002b;
Dyson, 2005). These crimes require special in-
vestigative techniques, such as undercover op-
erations and the use of the Enterprise Theory
of Investigation. White-collar crime is often
related to corporate crime, such as the Enron
and WorldCom scandals; however, it is also as-
sociated with health care, telemarketing, bank
and securities, contract, and residential mov-
ing. Organized crime is usually associated with
centrally controlled organized criminal organi-
zations, such as Italian, Italian-American, and
Colombian criminal groups; however, lesser
known decentralized criminal organizations
are making inroads. For example, Russian and
Israeli criminal groups are threatening to take
control of rackets like drugs, money launder-
ing, and many extortion-related schemes, which
were once the exclusive realm of the centralized
organized criminal groups.
The views
expressed in
this article do
not necessarily
represent the
views of the FBI.
10 THE FORENSIC EXAMINER® Spring 2010 www.acfei.com
CASE STUDY
Drug trafficking still remains a very lucrative
and corrupting influence in the United States
(Criminology Today, 1995-2002a). Although
there has been some success in curbing the influx
of illegal drugs through enforcement and educa-
tional programs,.
250 words agree or disagreeIntelligence and Information Sharin.docx
250 words agree or disagree
Intelligence and Information Sharing
A lack of information sharing is likely to be a stumbling block to implementing an effective homeland security strategy. There are currently two significant obstacles when it comes to intelligence, information sharing and fighting crime and terrorism. The fragmented nature of data collection and incident reporting among local, state and federal law enforcement agencies hinders their ability to connect information that may point to terrorist plots or other ongoing criminal activity (National Governors Association , 2007). Secondly, the private sector which owns a significant amount of data as well as majority of the country’s critical infrastructure is often not connected to the homeland security intelligence and information-sharing networks. This information-sharing problem can be resolved by:
creating intelligence fusion centers that bring together law enforcement, intelligence, emergency management, public health, and other agencies, and the variety of information they collect into one central location
joining national efforts that encourage intelligence and information sharing and include regional, multistate, and federal systems
Utilizing national standards for information sharing that foster the ability of systems to exchange data.
Intelligence Fusion Centers
Fusion center were created after the 9/11 terrorist attacks and they were intended to improve homeland security by solving the information-sharing gaps among the different components of the intelligence community. Though fusion centers vary from state to state, most contain similar elements, including members of state law enforcement, public health, social services, public safety, and public works organizations. Increasingly, federal agencies such as the Department of Homeland Security (DHS), Federal Bureau of Investigation, Drug Enforcement Administration, and Bureau of Alcohol Tobacco and Firearms station representatives at state-level fusion centers. State and federal representatives input into a fusion center’s database a broad spectrum of information, including the location and capabilities of area hospitals, details from calls to the state’s 911 emergency hotline, and names from federal terrorism watch lists. This data pool is then drawn on to form a clearer picture of threats facing each state. In addition, it helps inform police investigations, contingency planning, and emergency response. Experts say putting this information at the fingertips of local law enforcement transforms police officers from first responders into “first preventers.” The idea is that the next time a would-be terrorist on a government watch list is pulled over for speeding, the officer at the scene will have the information he needs. Placing federal representatives alongside local officials also helps to ensure more timely delivery of information. In the past, state and local authorities often received warnings only in times of.
1 Crime, Criminal Justice, andCriminologyLearning Obj
1: Crime, Criminal Justice, and
Criminology
Learning Objectives
This section will broadly introduce crime, criminal justice, and criminology. This section is designed to be a
broad overview of what the subsequent chapters will cover in detail. It also demonstrates how the United States
create laws, policies enacted to enforce laws, and the role of the media. After reading this section, students will be
able to:
• Understand the differences between deviance, rule violations, and criminality
• Explain the differences between the interactionist, consensus, and conflict views in the creation of
laws
• Identify the three components of the criminal justice system
• Discuss the differences between crime control and due process model, and application examples to
each
• Describe the wedding cake model theory and application examples to each tier
• Briefly explain the role of the media and how media may spread myths in society
• Briefly understand the unique role of victims in the criminal justice process
Background Knowledge Probe: The goal here is to assess current knowledge about the criminal
justice system at the start of the course. Each of these topics is covered throughout the course, and they will
often be a controversial topic and topic for debate.
You will indicate whether you know each statement to be True or False, but there is no right or wrong
answer since it is just to assess your background knowledge.
1. Blacks commit more crime than any other racial group.
9
2. The United States has the lowest recidivism rates in the world (return to prison).
3. The death penalty is cheaper than life imprisonment.
4. Politicians shape our thoughts on crime, even if they are inaccurate.
5. Children are most likely to be killed by a stranger.
6. A stranger is most likely to physically harm you.
7. White-collar crime costs our country more every year than street-crime.
8. Juveniles are more violent today than ever before.
9. Immigrants commit more crime than native-born people.
10. Violent crime has risen in the United States over the last 20 years.
ALISON S. BURKE, DAVID CARTER, BRIAN FEDOREK, TIFFANY MOREY, LORE RUTZ-BURRI, AND SHANELL
SANCHEZ
10
1.1. Crime and the Criminal Justice System
SHANELL SANCHEZ
Theft as a Child
The first lesson in crime and criminality I remember was when I was in second grade and stole something from
a local drug store. I thought that the bracelet was shiny and perfect. At first, I remember wanting to try it on, but
then I did not want to take it off. I had more questions than my Nana may have been ready to answer about why I
did it and why I could not keep it. I had to take the bracelet back, which hurt because I loved it. Because of guilt or
shame, I told my grandma what I did.
Think about a time in your life that you may have done something similar. Was this first lesson in crime and
criminality from the person you were raised by such as a parent(s) or grandparent(s)? Did they ...
1 Crime, Criminal Justice, andCriminologyLearning Obj
1: Crime, Criminal Justice, and
Criminology
Learning Objectives
This section will broadly introduce crime, criminal justice, and criminology. This section is designed to be a
broad overview of what the subsequent chapters will cover in detail. It also demonstrates how the United States
create laws, policies enacted to enforce laws, and the role of the media. After reading this section, students will be
able to:
• Understand the differences between deviance, rule violations, and criminality
• Explain the differences between the interactionist, consensus, and conflict views in the creation of
laws
• Identify the three components of the criminal justice system
• Discuss the differences between crime control and due process model, and application examples to
each
• Describe the wedding cake model theory and application examples to each tier
• Briefly explain the role of the media and how media may spread myths in society
• Briefly understand the unique role of victims in the criminal justice process
Background Knowledge Probe: The goal here is to assess current knowledge about the criminal
justice system at the start of the course. Each of these topics is covered throughout the course, and they will
often be a controversial topic and topic for debate.
You will indicate whether you know each statement to be True or False, but there is no right or wrong
answer since it is just to assess your background knowledge.
1. Blacks commit more crime than any other racial group.
9
2. The United States has the lowest recidivism rates in the world (return to prison).
3. The death penalty is cheaper than life imprisonment.
4. Politicians shape our thoughts on crime, even if they are inaccurate.
5. Children are most likely to be killed by a stranger.
6. A stranger is most likely to physically harm you.
7. White-collar crime costs our country more every year than street-crime.
8. Juveniles are more violent today than ever before.
9. Immigrants commit more crime than native-born people.
10. Violent crime has risen in the United States over the last 20 years.
ALISON S. BURKE, DAVID CARTER, BRIAN FEDOREK, TIFFANY MOREY, LORE RUTZ-BURRI, AND SHANELL
SANCHEZ
10
1.1. Crime and the Criminal Justice System
SHANELL SANCHEZ
Theft as a Child
The first lesson in crime and criminality I remember was when I was in second grade and stole something from
a local drug store. I thought that the bracelet was shiny and perfect. At first, I remember wanting to try it on, but
then I did not want to take it off. I had more questions than my Nana may have been ready to answer about why I
did it and why I could not keep it. I had to take the bracelet back, which hurt because I loved it. Because of guilt or
shame, I told my grandma what I did.
Think about a time in your life that you may have done something similar. Was this first lesson in crime and
criminality from the person you were raised by such as a parent(s) or grandparent(s)? Did they ...
Similar to State and major urban area fusion centers serve as focal points wi.docx (13)
Assignment 2 Library Research—Fusion Centers as a Law Enforceme.docx
Assignment 2 Library Research—Fusion Centers as a Law Enforceme.docx
Assignment 2 Library Research—Fusion Centers as a Law Enforcement T.docx
Assignment 2 Library Research—Fusion Centers as a Law Enforcement T.docx
Research and Policy DevelopmentAfter reading Chapter 5 of th.docx
Research and Policy DevelopmentAfter reading Chapter 5 of th.docx
Since the terrorist attacks against the United States on September 1.docx
Since the terrorist attacks against the United States on September 1.docx
Since the terrorist attacks against the United States on September.docx
Since the terrorist attacks against the United States on September.docx
Community Policing-Assignment Topic (Community Policing and Specia
Community Policing-Assignment Topic (Community Policing and Specia
Principles and Approaches to Criminal Investigation, .docx
Principles and Approaches to Criminal Investigation, .docx
250 words agree or disagreeIntelligence and Information Sharin.docx
250 words agree or disagreeIntelligence and Information Sharin.docx
1 Crime, Criminal Justice, andCriminologyLearning Obj
1 Crime, Criminal Justice, andCriminologyLearning Obj
1 Crime, Criminal Justice, andCriminologyLearning Obj
1 Crime, Criminal Justice, andCriminologyLearning Obj
More from rafaelaj1
Statistica Sinica 16(2006), 847-860PSEUDO-R2IN LOGIS.docx
Statistica Sinica 16(2006), 847-860
PSEUDO-R
2
IN LOGISTIC REGRESSION MODEL
Bo Hu, Jun Shao and Mari Palta
University of Wisconsin-Madison
Abstract: Logistic regression with binary and multinomial outcomes is commonly
used, and researchers have long searched for an interpretable measure of the strength
of a particular logistic model. This article describes the large sample properties
of some pseudo-R2 statistics for assessing the predictive strength of the logistic
regression model. We present theoretical results regarding the convergence and
asymptotic normality of pseudo-R2s. Simulation results and an example are also
presented. The behavior of the pseudo-R2s is investigated numerically across a
range of conditions to aid in practical interpretation.
Key words and phrases: Entropy, logistic regression, pseudo-R2
1. Introduction
Logistic regression for binary and multinomial outcomes is commonly used
in health research. Researchers often desire a statistic ranging from zero to one
to summarize the overall strength of a given model, with zero indicating a model
with no predictive value and one indicating a perfect fit. The coefficient of deter-
mination R2 for the linear regression model serves as a standard for such measures
(Draper and Smith (1998)). Statisticians have searched for a corresponding in-
dicator for models with binary/multinomial outcome. Many different R2 statis-
tics have been proposed in the past three decades (see, e.g., McFadden (1973),
McKelvey and Zavoina (1975), Maddala (1983), Agresti (1986), Nagelkerke
(1991), Cox and Wermuch (1992), Ash and Shwartz (1999), Zheng and Agresti
(2000)). These statistics, which are usually identical to the standard R2 when
applied to a linear model, generally fall into categories of entropy-based and
variance-based (Mittlböck and Schemper (1996)). Entropy-based R2 statistics,
also called pseudo-R2s, have gained some popularity in the social sciences (Mad-
dala (1983), Laitila (1993) and Long (1997)). McKelvey and Zavoina (1975)
proposed a pseudo-R2 based on a latent model structure, where the binary/
multinomial outcome results from discretizing a continuous latent variable that
is related to the predictors through a linear model. Their pseudo-R2 is defined
as the proportion of the variance of the latent variable that is explained by the
848 BO HU, JUN SHAO AND MARI PALTA
covariate. McFadden (1973) suggested an alternative, known as “likelihood-
ratio index”, comparing a model without any predictor to a model including all
predictors. It is defined as one minus the ratio of the log likelihood with inter-
cepts only, and the log likelihood with all predictors. If the slope parameters
are all 0, McFadden’s R2 is 0, but it is never 1. Maddala (1983) developed
another pseudo-R2 that can be applied to any model estimated by the maximum
likelihood method. This popular and widely used measure is expressed as
R2M = 1 −
(
L(θ̃)
L(θ̂)
)
2
n
, (1)
.
Stations yourself somewhere (library, cafeteria, etc.) and observe.docx
Stations yourself somewhere (library, cafeteria, etc.) and observe the nonverbal communication that occurs.
What do people say with their bodies?
What messages are implicit in vocal expressions, clothes, make-up and so on?
Take notes on five of the most eloquent messages sent nonverbally.
*one page.
*Read the instructions then write about 5 difeerent people
.
StatementState legislatures continue to advance policy proposals.docx
Statement
State legislatures continue to advance policy proposals to address cyber threats directed at governments and private businesses. As threats continue to evolve and expand and as the pace of new technologies accelerates, legislatures are making cybersecurity measures a higher priority.
Assignment
You are to author a 2-page (maximum) paper about the “failed” amendments proposed by the Kentucky legislature in 2019 with respect to Cyber Policy. APA format – 1 cover page, 2 content pages, and 1 reference page.
You are to answer two questions in your individual papers.
Brief background of the proposed amendment and “researched” speculation as to why it failed?
What would you propose for them to pass in 2020?
Remember to cite your sources appropriately and turn in original work!
Section 54
KY S 14
Status: Failed - Adjourned
Provides definitions relating to personal information, provides certain personal information that shall be protected from disclosure by a public agency or third-party contractor through redaction or other means, provides a list of covered persons, provides guidelines for contracts between a public agency and a third-party contractor.
.
StatementState legislatures continue to advance policy propo.docx
Statement
State legislatures continue to advance policy proposals to address cyber threats directed at governments and private businesses. As threats continue to evolve and expand and as the pace of new technologies accelerates, legislatures are making cybersecurity measures a higher priority.
Assignment
You are to author a 2-page (maximum) paper about the “failed” amendments proposed by the Kentucky legislature in 2019 with respect to Cyber Policy. APA format – 1 cover page, 2 content pages, and 1 reference page.
You are to answer two questions in your individual papers.
Brief background of the proposed amendment and “researched” speculation as to why it failed?
What would you propose for them to pass in 2020?
Remember to cite your sources appropriately and turn in original work!
KY S 14
Status: Failed - Adjourned
Provides definitions relating to personal information, provides certain personal information that shall be protected from disclosure by a public agency or third-party contractor through redaction or other means, provides a list of covered persons, provides guidelines for contracts between a public agency and a third-party contractor.
.
Statement of PurposeProvide a statement of your educational .docx
Statement of Purpose
Provide a statement of your educational background, experience, and preparation relevant to a graduate program in computer science, and specify your research and career goals.
The statement of purpose is a short essay introducing the applicant and his or her
interests, goals, and reasons for pursuing graduate study in history. Applicants may wish
to share a draft of their statement with the individuals writing their letters of
recommendation. While every statement, like every prospective student, will be different,
applicants should devote special attention to the following items:
• Academic/Professional Background: Please give your academic credentials, with
degrees, dates, and relevant employment experience. You do not need to list every
job you have had, only those that bear directly on your desire to enter graduate
school.
• Motivations and Aims: Explain what motivates you to do graduate work in history
and what your goals are, both within the graduate program and after the
completion of your degree.
• Existing Expertise and Accomplishments in History: Discuss any areas of
expertise you may already have in your proposed area of interest. If you have
experience doing research, please describe the project and your work on it. If you
have any special talents or skills, such as a foreign language, please describe
them.
• Proposed Course of Study: Please identify planned major field and minor fields of
study.
• Other Relevant Experiences or Personal Qualities: Discuss any experiences or
personal attributes that may illuminate your commitment to the study of history
and to the successful completion of the graduate program.
Format: Your statement of purpose should be limited to no more than 750 words
(between 2 and 3 pages).
.
States and the federal government should not use private prisons for.docx
States and the federal government should not use private prisons for various reasons. First, most of the private prisons are for-profit facilities. Therefore, they cut on expenses such as lacking enough staffing and resources, which is likely to affect inmates' safety and quality of life. Further, while pro-private prisons note that private prisons save taxpayers' money, studies indicate that they do not reduce costs. For instance, the day to day cost of housing an inmate in 2010 was $53.02 for private prisons compared to $48.42 for a medium-security public prison (Pedowitz, 2012). Also, prisoners do not receive similar kinds of treatment in private facilities. While they may be suitable for the local economy, such as offering job opportunities, lowering costs by private facilities leaves inmates sick and not well cared for (NPR Staff, 2011).
.
StatementState legislatures continue to advance policy proposa.docx
The document discusses a 2-page paper assignment on failed cybersecurity amendments proposed by the Kentucky legislature in 2019. Students are asked to analyze why one amendment failed and propose a new amendment for 2020. The failed amendment, KY S 14, aimed to protect personal information from disclosure by public agencies or third-party contractors.
Statement of Interest (This is used to apply for Graduate Schoo.docx
Statement of Interest: (This is used to apply for Graduate School, digital media program)
Length: 2 pages. (500-750 words)
Area of interest in digital media.
-computational arts.
I did a mix media group exhibition in Feb. 2018 called What Makes You You. Half of my show is a sculpture-based installation. The other half is an interactive digital programed art(using Processing software). The visual of human evolution ties these two park together. See details at https://dongpu.weebly.com/what-makes-you-you.html
-short videos (documentary production).
I love shooting short videos. I formed a Youtube team called 2037 Club last year. https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCmtUQfDMvL9iE8IOy9oshSA
The latest documentary I did is called Liang(Grain). Video Statement：This documentary discovers the Chinese planned economy history period, which starts at the 1950s. People were given a certain amount of coupons to buy food and daily needs because of the limitation of products. Since this is a historical theme, reference images are included to support the concept of buying food today and before 1990. Other than that, the visuals are mainly about common people’s daily routine nowadays. Along with the visual, the most artistic part in this video is Shanghainese dialogue, which explained food coupons in the way of storytelling. “I accidentally found many food coupons in my grandparents’ house this summer, so I went to ask them about the experiences they had with these coupons. My curiosity leads me to the theme.” said by the producer.
This particular video also has a different meaning to me. My Grandmother passed away one week before the video published at the film festival (at Scottsdale Museum of Commemoratory Art). This piece becomes memorable to me, sadly, my grandmother never had a chance to see the whole piece.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fD0Y-BXDfnY
-3D animation for games
I learned Maya in an animation course. Like editing videos, I soon full in love with 3D modeling.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nGIRxaUdYiY
Business idea, if an applicant has one. It is fine if an applicant is unsure when applying to the program. It is also fine if an applicant is interested in the artistic aspect of digital media and not the entrepreneurial aspect.
I would like to complete a mobile game project in my Graduate studies period and start a game company after graduation. Meanwhile, still active in the art field being an intermedia artist.
Goals or expectations upon completion of the digital media program.
-I want to learn more about computer technologies to create artistic works. Focusing on the field of game development.
-Do more social, get to know people in my field
-Get professional advices of my projects
Here is my cover letter, you can utilize this for the statement of interest.
As a creative and passionate professional with a rich history of developing creative materials, I am eager to submit my resume for consideration for the (Position Title) position .
StatementState legislatures continue to advance policy prop.docx
Statement
State legislatures continue to advance policy proposals to address cyber threats directed at governments and private businesses. As threats continue to evolve and expand and as the pace of new technologies accelerates, legislatures are making cybersecurity measures a higher priority.
Assignment
You are page amendments to author a 2-page (maximum) paper about the “failed” amendments proposed by the Kentucky legislature in 2019 with respect to Cyber Policy. APA format – 1 cover page, 2 content pages, and 1 reference pageamendments proposed.
You are to answer two questions in your individual papers.
Brief background of the proposed amendment and “researched” speculation as to why it failed?
What would you propose for them to pass in 2020?
.
Statement of cash flows (indirect method) Cash flows from ope.docx
Statement of cash flows (indirect method)
Cash flows from operating activities
Net income
72,600
adjustments to net income
depreciation
4,000
Gan on sale of investments
-7,000
Increase in AR
-36,000
Decrease in inventory
40,000
Increased in Accounts payable
13,000
Decrease in Accrued liabilities
-3,100
net cash provided by operating activities
83,500
Cash flows from investing activities
Purchase of Plant assets
-16,000
Sale of long-term investments
20,000
net cash provided by investing activities
4,000
Cash flows from financing activities
retiement of bonds
-31,000
payment of dividend
-32,500
sale of common stock
6,000
net cash provided by financing activities
-57,500
net increase in cash
30,000
Cash balance, beginning
230,000
cash balance, ending
260,000
Statement of Cash flows (direct method)
Cash flows from operating activities
cash received from customers
714,000
(sales - increase in AR)
cash paid for merchandise
477,000
(cogs - decrease in invnetory - increase in AP)
cash paid for other operating expenes
105,100
(selling & admin exp + decrease in accrued liab - depreciation)
cash paid for income taxes
48,400
net cash provided b oeprating activities
83,500
Cash flows from investing activities
Purchase of Plant assets
-16,000
Sale of long-term investments
20,000
net cash provided by investing activities
4,000
Cash flows from financing activities
retiement of bonds
-31,000
payment of dividend
-32,500
sale of common stock
6,000
net cash provided by financing activities
-57,500
net increase in cash
30,000
Cash balance, beginning
230,000
cash balance, ending
260,000
.
Stateline Shipping and Transport CompanyRachel Sundusky is the m.docx
Stateline Shipping and Transport Company
Rachel Sundusky is the manager of the South-Atlantic office of the Stateline Shipping and Transport Company. She is in the process of negotiating a new shipping contract with Polychem, a company that manufactures chemicals for industrial use. Polychem want Stateline to pick up and transport waste products from its six plants to three waste disposal sites. Rachel is very concerned about this proposed arrangement. The chemical wastes that will be hauled can be hazardous to humans and the environment if they leak. In addition, a number of towns and communities in the region where the plants are located prohibit hazardous materials from being shipped through their municipal limits. Thus, not only will the shipments have to be handled carefully and transported at reduced speeds, they will also have to traverse circuitous routes in many cases. Rachel has estimated the cost of shipping a barrel of waste from each of the six plants to each of the three waste disposal sites as shown in the following table:
Waste Disposal Site
Plant
Whitewater
Los Canos
Duras
Kingsport
$12
$15
$17
Danville
14
9
10
Macon
13
20
11
Selma
17
16
19
Columbus
7
14
12
Allentown
22
16
18
The plants generate the following amounts of waste products each week:
Plant
Waste per Week (bbl)
Kingsport
35
Danville
26
Macon
42
Selma
53
Columbus
29
Allentown
38
The three waste disposal sites at Whitewater, Los Canos, and Duras can accommodate a maximum of 65, 80, and 105 barrels per week respectively. In addition to shipping directly from each of the six plants to one of the three waste disposal sites, Rachel is also considering using each of the plants and waste disposal sites as intermediate shipping points. Trucks would be able to drop a load at a plant or disposal site to be picked up and carried on to the final destination by another truck, and vice versa. Stateline would not incur any handling costs because Polychem has agreed to take care of all local handling of the waste materials at the plants and the waste disposal sites. In other words, the only cost Stateline incurs is the actual transportation cost. So Rachel wants to be able to consider the possibility that it may be cheaper to drop and pick up loads at intermediate points rather than ship them directly. Rachel estimates the shipping costs per barrel between each of the six plants to be as follows:
Plant
Plant
Kingsport
Danville
Macon
Selma
Columbus
Allentown
Kingsport
$ __
$6
$4
$9
$7
$8
Danville
6
__
11
10
12
7
Macon
5
11
__
3
7
15
Selma
9
10
3
__
3
16
Columbus
7
12
7
3
__
14
Allentown
8
7
15
16
14
__
The e.
State Two ways in which Neanderthals and Cro-Magnons differed. .docx
State Two ways in which Neanderthals and Cro-Magnons differed.
List an important achievement for each of these scientist. Aristarchus, Euclid, Archimedes, and Herophilus
"Civilizations" is defined as the stage of development in which people have developed :
1. large, permanet communites.
2. a system of writing
3. divirsion
4. trade
5. a srtong central goverment
.
STAT 3300 Homework #6Due Thursday, 03282019Note Answe.docx
This document outlines a homework assignment for a statistics course. It provides details on a multiple regression analysis examining the relationship between average student debt and various college metrics like admission rates, graduation rates, and in-state costs. The assignment asks students to conduct the multiple regression, analyze residuals, test hypotheses, and determine which variables are significant predictors of debt. It also provides learning objectives for a chapter on juvenile justice treatment and prevention programs.
State Standard by Content AreaLiteracy State Standard to Integra.docx
State Standard by Content Area
Literacy State Standard to Integrate into Another Content Area
Use a different literacy standard for each content standard.
Standards-based Learning Objective
Aligned to content standards
Instructional Strategy to Integrate Literacy
Resources
Provide links to websites, PDFs, and any other documents used or referenced for strategy
Rationale
How the strategy will promote balanced literacy curriculum
State Content Standard 1:
State Content Standard 2:
State Content Standard 3:
.
STAT200 Assignment #2 - Descriptive Statistics Analysis and.docx
STAT200: Assignment #2 - Descriptive Statistics Analysis and Writeup - Instructions
Page 1 of 3
STAT200 Introduction to Statistics
Assignment #2: Descriptive Statistics Analysis and Writeup
Assignment #2: Descriptive Statistics Analysis and Writeup
In the first assignment (Assignment #1: Descriptive Statistics Analysis Data Plan), you developed a
scenario about annual household expenditures and a plan for analyzing the data using descriptive
statistic methods. The purpose of this assignment is to carry out the descriptive statistics analysis plan
and write up the results. The expected outcome of this assignment is a two to three page write-up of
the findings from your analysis as well as a recommendation.
Assignment Steps:
Step #1: Review Feedback from Your Instructor
Before performing any analysis, please make sure to review your instructor’s feedback on Assignment
#1: Descriptive Statistics Data Analysis Plan. Based on the feedback, modify variables, tables, and
selected statistics, graphs, and tables, if needed.
Step #2: Perform Descriptive Statistic Analysis
Task 1: Look at the dataset.
• (Re)Familiarize yourself with the variables. Review Table 1: Variables Selected for the
Analysis you generated for the first assignment as well as your instructor’s feedback. In
addition, look at the data dictionary contained in the data set for information about the
variables.
• Select the variables you need for the analysis.
Task 2: Complete your data analysis, as outlined in your first assignment, with any needed
modifications, based on your instructor’s feedback.
• Calculate Measures of Central Tendency and Variability. Use the information from
Assignment #1 - Table 2. Numerical Summaries of the Selected Variables. Here again,
be sure to see your instructor’s feedback and incorporate into the analysis.
• Prepare Graphs and/or Tables. Use the information from Assignment #1 - Table 3.
Type of Graphs and/or Tables for Selected Variables. Here again, be sure to see your
instructor’s feedback and incorporate into the analysis.
STAT200: Assignment #2 - Descriptive Statistics Analysis and Writeup - Instructions
Page 2 of 3
Step #3: Write-up findings using the Provided Template
For this part of the assignment, write a short 2-3 page write-up of the process you followed and the
findings from your analysis. You will describe, in words, the statistical analysis used and present the
results in both statistical/text and graphic formats.
Here are the main sections for this assignment:
✓ Identifying Information. Fill in information on name, class, instructor, and date.
✓ Introduction. For this section, use the same scenario you submitted for the first assignment and
modified using your instructor’s feedback, if needed. Include Table 1 (Table 1: Variables
Selected for the Analysis) you used in Assignment #1 to show the variables you selected for the
analysis.
✓ Data .
STAT200 Assignment #2 - Descriptive Statistics Analysis Writeup -.docx
STAT200: Assignment #2 - Descriptive Statistics Analysis Writeup - Template
Page 3 of 3
University of Maryland University College
STAT200 - Assignment #2: Descriptive Statistics Analysis and Writeup
Identifying Information
Student (Full Name):
Class:
Instructor:
Date:
Introduction:
Use the same scenario you submitted for the first assignment with modifications using your instructor’s feedback, if needed. Include Table 1: Variables Selected for the Analysis you used in Assignment #1 to show the variables you selected for analysis.
Table 1. Variables Selected for the Analysis
Variable Name in data set
Description
Type of Variable (Qualitative or Quantitative)
Variable 1: “Income”
Annual household income in USD.
Quantitative
Variable 2:
Variable 3:
Variable 4:
Variable 5:
Data Set Description and Method Used for Analysis:
Results:
Variable 1: Income
Numerical Summary.
Table 2. Descriptive Analysis for Variable 1
Variable
n
Measure(s) of Central Tendency
Measure(s) of Dispersion
Variable: Income
Median=
SD =
Graph and/or Table: Histogram of Income
(Place Histogram here)
Description of Findings.
Variable 2: (Fill in name of variable)
Numerical Summary.
Table 3. Descriptive Analysis for Variable 2
Variable
n
Measure(s) of Central Tendency
Measure(s) of Dispersion
Variable:
Graph and/or Table.
(Place Graph or Table Here)
Description of Findings.
Variable 3: (Fill in name of variable)
Numerical Summary.
Table 4. Descriptive Analysis for Variable 3
Variable
n
Measure(s) of Central Tendency
Measure(s) of Dispersion
Variable:
Graph and/or Table.
(Place Graph or Table Here)
Description of Findings.
Variable 4: (Fill in name of variable)
Numerical Summary.
Table 5. Descriptive Analysis for Variable 4
Variable
N
Mean/Median
St. Dev.
Variable 4:
Graph and/or Table.
(Place Graph or Table Here)
Description of Findings.
Variable 5: (Fill in name of variable)
Numerical Summary.
Table 6. Descriptive Analysis for Variable 5
Variable
n
Measure(s) of Central Tendency
Measure(s) of Dispersion
Variable:
Graph and/or Table.
(Place Graph or Table Here)
Description of Findings.
Discussion and Conclusion.
Briefly discuss each variable in the same sequence as presented in the results. What has the highest expenditure? What variable has the lowest expenditure? If you were to recommend a place to save money, which expenditure would it be and why? Note: The section should be no more than 2 paragraphs.
STAT200 Introduction to Statistics
Dataset for Written Assignments
Description of Dataset:
The data is a random sample from the US Department of Labor’s 2016 Consumer Expenditure Surveys (CE) and provides information about the composition of households and their annual expenditures (https://www.bls.gov/cex/). It contains information from 30 households, where a survey responder provided the requested information; it is all self-reported information. This dataset contains four socioeconomic variables (whose names.
State legislatures continue to advance policy proposals to address c.docx
The document discusses a 2-page paper assignment on failed cybersecurity policy amendments proposed by the Kentucky legislature in 2019. Students are asked to answer two questions: 1) provide a brief background on a proposed amendment that failed and speculate on why it failed, and 2) propose an amendment for the legislature to pass in 2020. The assignment requires citing sources and original work, and is due by the specified date. It also provides background on one failed proposed amendment related to protecting personal information.
State FLORIDAInstructionsThis written assignment requ.docx
State: FLORIDA
Instructions
This written assignment requires the student to investigate his/her local, state and federal legislators and explore their assigned committees and legislative commitments. The student is expected to investigate current and actual legislative initiatives that have either passed or pending approval by the house, senate or Governor’s office. The student will draft a letter to a specific legislator and offer support or constructive argument against pending policy or legislation. The letter must be supported with a minimum of 3 evidence based primary citations. (See Rubric)
Submission Details:
Support your responses with examples.
Cite any sources in APA format.
Submit your document to the
Submissions Area
by
the due date assigned.
.
State of the Science Quality ImprovementNameInst.docx
State of the Science Quality ImprovementNameInstitutionsDate
Abstract
The condition of chronic heart failure sometimes is referred to as congestive heart failure (CHF), which is recognized as an acute life-threatening disease that majorly affects millions of American citizens annually. The condition of the chronic heart failure results when the heart is incapable of sufficient pump the blood throughout the body tissues due to the weak heart muscles (January et al., 2019). Certain conditions, such as narrowed arteries in the heart (CAD) or high blood pressure, gradually leave the heart too weak or stiff to fill and pump efficiently. Moreover, there are some of the several conditions such as coronary artery diseases and hypertension that leads to acute and chronic heart failure in the body system. More importantly, to avoid the possibility of this dangerous condition as well as the ever-increasing of the re-admitted hospital continue, collectively, the patient must be able to control the earlier stated conditions along with diabetes as well as obesity at home-based care and with their primary healthcare providers as well. According to Santesmases-Masana et al. (2019), "Primary health care planned care has been shown to reduce heart failure re-hospitalizations and maintain the patient quality of life." With this known knowledge, it is important to continue care at home and with their primary care provider to monitor and detect worsening of their condition sooner rather than later with evidence-based treatment practices. There are many evidence-based treatments for chronic heart failure that includes monitoring of vital signs, weight, and diet along with medications. In this paper, chronic heart failure, problem discussion, PICO question, and theoretical framework will be presented.
Problem Discussion
Chronic heart failure is a chief public health care concern linked with the high degree of mortality and morbidity in the U.S. Heart failure usually results in adverse outcomes, and the most costly is the issues of hospital readmissions. Currently, the heart failure management clinical procedures and pieces of evidence emphasizes the significance and the function of the care interventions a mid preventing the heart failure readmissions in the hospital set up. The current literature review is meant to evaluate and assess the effectiveness of transitional care interventions that intend to minimize hospital readmissions. Increase hospital readmission and worsening chronic heart failure complications are due to lack of following of a primary care provider and home monitoring of vital signs, weight, diet, energy level, and breathing patterns by the patient. There are many evidence-based practices and comprehensive guidelines for chronic heart failure treatment with side effects of some medications about individual races. For instance, losartan has little to adverse impact on blacks. Furthermore, according to Hadidi et al. (2018), "It has been.
State Data_1986-2015YearGross state product per capitaEducation sp.docx
The document provides data on various metrics for a U.S. state from 1986 to 2016 including gross state product per capita, education spending per student, unemployment rates, and high school graduation rates. It shows trends over time, with generally increasing economic output and education spending, and decreasing unemployment and increasing graduation rates. The data could help inform policymaking and planning.
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The Diamonds of 2023-2024 in the IGRA collection
A review of the growth of the Israel Genealogy Research Association Database Collection for the last 12 months. Our collection is now passed the 3 million mark and still growing. See which archives have contributed the most. See the different types of records we have, and which years have had records added. You can also see what we have for the future.
PCOS corelations and management through Ayurveda.
This presentation includes basic of PCOS their pathology and treatment and also Ayurveda correlation of PCOS and Ayurvedic line of treatment mentioned in classics.
How to Create a More Engaging and Human Online Learning Experience
How to Create a More Engaging and Human Online Learning Experience Wahiba Chair Training & Consulting
Wahiba Chair's Talk at the 2024 Learning Ideas Conference. LAND USE LAND COVER AND NDVI OF MIRZAPUR DISTRICT, UP
This Dissertation explores the particular circumstances of Mirzapur, a region located in the
core of India. Mirzapur, with its varied terrains and abundant biodiversity, offers an optimal
environment for investigating the changes in vegetation cover dynamics. Our study utilizes
advanced technologies such as GIS (Geographic Information Systems) and Remote sensing to
analyze the transformations that have taken place over the course of a decade.
The complex relationship between human activities and the environment has been the focus
of extensive research and worry. As the global community grapples with swift urbanization,
population expansion, and economic progress, the effects on natural ecosystems are becoming
more evident. A crucial element of this impact is the alteration of vegetation cover, which plays a
significant role in maintaining the ecological equilibrium of our planet.Land serves as the foundation for all human activities and provides the necessary materials for
these activities. As the most crucial natural resource, its utilization by humans results in different
'Land uses,' which are determined by both human activities and the physical characteristics of the
land.
The utilization of land is impacted by human needs and environmental factors. In countries
like India, rapid population growth and the emphasis on extensive resource exploitation can lead
to significant land degradation, adversely affecting the region's land cover.
Therefore, human intervention has significantly influenced land use patterns over many
centuries, evolving its structure over time and space. In the present era, these changes have
accelerated due to factors such as agriculture and urbanization. Information regarding land use and
cover is essential for various planning and management tasks related to the Earth's surface,
providing crucial environmental data for scientific, resource management, policy purposes, and
diverse human activities.
Accurate understanding of land use and cover is imperative for the development planning
of any area. Consequently, a wide range of professionals, including earth system scientists, land
and water managers, and urban planners, are interested in obtaining data on land use and cover
changes, conversion trends, and other related patterns. The spatial dimensions of land use and
cover support policymakers and scientists in making well-informed decisions, as alterations in
these patterns indicate shifts in economic and social conditions. Monitoring such changes with the
help of Advanced technologies like Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems is
crucial for coordinated efforts across different administrative levels. Advanced technologies like
Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems
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Changes in vegetation cover refer to variations in the distribution, composition, and overall
structure of plant communities across different temporal and spatial scales. These changes can
occur natural.
How to Fix the Import Error in the Odoo 17
An import error occurs when a program fails to import a module or library, disrupting its execution. In languages like Python, this issue arises when the specified module cannot be found or accessed, hindering the program's functionality. Resolving import errors is crucial for maintaining smooth software operation and uninterrupted development processes.
How to Build a Module in Odoo 17 Using the Scaffold Method
Odoo provides an option for creating a module by using a single line command. By using this command the user can make a whole structure of a module. It is very easy for a beginner to make a module. There is no need to make each file manually. This slide will show how to create a module using the scaffold method.
How to Make a Field Mandatory in Odoo 17
In Odoo, making a field required can be done through both Python code and XML views. When you set the required attribute to True in Python code, it makes the field required across all views where it's used. Conversely, when you set the required attribute in XML views, it makes the field required only in the context of that particular view.
Hindi varnamala | hindi alphabet PPT.pdf
हिंदी वर्णमाला पीपीटी, hindi alphabet PPT presentation, hindi varnamala PPT, Hindi Varnamala pdf, हिंदी स्वर, हिंदी व्यंजन, sikhiye hindi varnmala, dr. mulla adam ali, hindi language and literature, hindi alphabet with drawing, hindi alphabet pdf, hindi varnamala for childrens, hindi language, hindi varnamala practice for kids, https://www.drmullaadamali.com
Chapter 4 - Islamic Financial Institutions in Malaysia.pptx
Chapter 4 - Islamic Financial Institutions in Malaysia.pptxMohd Adib Abd Muin, Senior Lecturer at Universiti Utara Malaysia
This slide is special for master students (MIBS & MIFB) in UUM. Also useful for readers who are interested in the topic of contemporary Islamic banking.
Pollock and Snow "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape, Session One: Setting Expec...
Pollock and Snow "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape, Session One: Setting Expec...National Information Standards Organization (NISO)
This presentation was provided by Steph Pollock of The American Psychological Association’s Journals Program, and Damita Snow, of The American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), for the initial session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session One: 'Setting Expectations: a DEIA Primer,' was held June 6, 2024.clinical examination of hip joint (1).pdf
described clinical examination all orthopeadic conditions .
Your Skill Boost Masterclass: Strategies for Effective Upskilling
Your Skill Boost Masterclass: Strategies for Effective UpskillingExcellence Foundation for South Sudan
Strategies for Effective Upskilling is a presentation by Chinwendu Peace in a Your Skill Boost Masterclass organisation by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan on 08th and 09th June 2024 from 1 PM to 3 PM on each day.Recently uploaded (20)
NEWSPAPERS - QUESTION 1 - REVISION POWERPOINT.pptx
NEWSPAPERS - QUESTION 1 - REVISION POWERPOINT.pptx
Leveraging Generative AI to Drive Nonprofit Innovation
Leveraging Generative AI to Drive Nonprofit Innovation
Pengantar Penggunaan Flutter - Dart programming language1.pptx
Pengantar Penggunaan Flutter - Dart programming language1.pptx
How to Create a More Engaging and Human Online Learning Experience
How to Create a More Engaging and Human Online Learning Experience
LAND USE LAND COVER AND NDVI OF MIRZAPUR DISTRICT, UP
LAND USE LAND COVER AND NDVI OF MIRZAPUR DISTRICT, UP
How to Build a Module in Odoo 17 Using the Scaffold Method
How to Build a Module in Odoo 17 Using the Scaffold Method
Chapter 4 - Islamic Financial Institutions in Malaysia.pptx
Chapter 4 - Islamic Financial Institutions in Malaysia.pptx
Pollock and Snow "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape, Session One: Setting Expec...
Pollock and Snow "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape, Session One: Setting Expec...
Your Skill Boost Masterclass: Strategies for Effective Upskilling
Your Skill Boost Masterclass: Strategies for Effective Upskilling
State and major urban area fusion centers serve as focal points wi.docx
- 1. State and major urban area fusion centers serve as focal points within the state and local environment for the receipt, analysis, gathering, and sharing of threat-related information between the federal government and state, local, tribal, territorial (SLTT), and private sector partners. There are issues and concerns related to intelligence collection methods at some of the country's local law enforcement agencies, joint terrorism task groups, and fusion centers. The first issue relates to constitutional limitations. Constitutional limitations restrict the government’s ability to access private information. The Fourth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution is particularly relevant. To the extent that government activity burdens individuals’ freedom of speech and related rights, the First Amendment may also play a role. Another issue is related to the process of collecting and sharing the information, which in many cases is not standardized, creating potential holes in the way officials exchange information on terror threats. 1. Briefly describe the six-step intelligence cycle. 2. What are some potential problems with collecting intelligence within the United States? 3. Give some examples of fusion centers and how these centers fuse intelligence at the local, state, and federal levels. 1. What is DHS’s Intelligence role in Homeland Security? 2. What are the roles of the National Counterterrorism Center (NCTC) and FBI for national intelligence? How do these roles benefit DHS?