Description :
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Braking arches /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental academy Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
Design considerations for a distal extension rpd/prosthodontic coursesIndian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training
center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental
professionals who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified
courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry,
Prosthetic Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
Basics of Edgewise technique / fixed orthodontics course onlineIndian dental academy
This document discusses the different types of bends used in standard edgewise orthodontic treatment:
First order bends contour the archwire to the teeth and help with rotation. Second order bends maintain tooth angulation and tip teeth. Third order or torque bends rotate teeth along their long axis.
The document explains each bend in detail, how they produce tooth movement, and examples like lateral insets, canine eminences, and torque. Pre-adjusted brackets include some bends but additional bends may be needed for individual teeth. Coordinating upper and lower bends is also discussed.
INDIRECT RETAINERS IN CAST PARTIAL DENTURES- Dr MEENU MERRY C PAULMeenuMerryCPaul
This document discusses indirect retainers in removable partial dentures. It defines an indirect retainer as a component that assists direct retainers in preventing displacement of the distal extension denture base through lever action. When a dislodging force acts, the fulcrum line moves from the occlusal rests to the retentive tip of the direct retainer. An indirect retainer placed farther from the fulcrum line is more effective because it increases the mechanical advantage of leverage. The effectiveness of an indirect retainer depends on factors like its distance from the fulcrum line and ability of its supporting tooth to transmit forces along the tooth's long axis without movement. Common forms of indirect retainers include auxiliary occlusal rests
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting
training center with best faculty and flexible training programs
for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental
practice,Offers certified courses in Dental
implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic
Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
Design consideration in reducing stress in rpd/ oral surgery courses Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Braking arches /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental academy Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
Design considerations for a distal extension rpd/prosthodontic coursesIndian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training
center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental
professionals who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified
courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry,
Prosthetic Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
Basics of Edgewise technique / fixed orthodontics course onlineIndian dental academy
This document discusses the different types of bends used in standard edgewise orthodontic treatment:
First order bends contour the archwire to the teeth and help with rotation. Second order bends maintain tooth angulation and tip teeth. Third order or torque bends rotate teeth along their long axis.
The document explains each bend in detail, how they produce tooth movement, and examples like lateral insets, canine eminences, and torque. Pre-adjusted brackets include some bends but additional bends may be needed for individual teeth. Coordinating upper and lower bends is also discussed.
INDIRECT RETAINERS IN CAST PARTIAL DENTURES- Dr MEENU MERRY C PAULMeenuMerryCPaul
This document discusses indirect retainers in removable partial dentures. It defines an indirect retainer as a component that assists direct retainers in preventing displacement of the distal extension denture base through lever action. When a dislodging force acts, the fulcrum line moves from the occlusal rests to the retentive tip of the direct retainer. An indirect retainer placed farther from the fulcrum line is more effective because it increases the mechanical advantage of leverage. The effectiveness of an indirect retainer depends on factors like its distance from the fulcrum line and ability of its supporting tooth to transmit forces along the tooth's long axis without movement. Common forms of indirect retainers include auxiliary occlusal rests
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting
training center with best faculty and flexible training programs
for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental
practice,Offers certified courses in Dental
implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic
Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
Design consideration in reducing stress in rpd/ oral surgery courses Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Description :
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
1) The study used finite element analysis to verify Isaacson's hypothesis about progressive root torque and investigate torque mechanics. It found Isaacson's initial reciprocal reactions did not reflect the full changing sequence of actions over time.
2) Simulations of incremental twisting showed torque on teeth gradually altered as end teeth moved and middle teeth started to rotate.
3) Different torque scenarios were modeled, including individual tooth torque and built-in torque using the MBT prescription. Reciprocal reactions depended on prescription details.
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting
training center with best faculty and flexible training programs
for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental
practice,Offers certified courses in Dental
implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic
Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
This document discusses direct retainers for removable partial dentures. It describes the two basic types of direct retainers: intracoronal and extracoronal retainers. Intracoronal retainers are cast entirely within the contours of an abutment tooth while extracoronal retainers use components placed on or attached to the external surfaces of abutment teeth, such as circumferential clasps or bars. The document also covers principles of clasp design and the use of a dental cast surveyor to identify areas of a tooth that can provide retention and stabilization.
The document discusses leveling, aligning and bite opening in orthodontic treatment. It covers various topics related to leveling and aligning teeth including physical properties of wires, types of wires used, leveling in different malocclusion situations, and anchorage control. It also discusses arch leveling, overbite control, surgical treatment options and leveling in Begg mechanotherapy. The goal of initial treatment is to bring teeth into alignment and correct vertical discrepancies by leveling out the arches.
Torque new /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental academy Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in
continuing dental education , training dentists
in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide
range of dental certified courses in different
formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown &
Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Management of stresses in rpd / orthodontic course by indian dental academyIndian dental academy
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
The document discusses various implant components including fixtures, abutments, gold cylinders, and analogs. It describes the original Brånemark implant design and newer implant systems with enhanced surfaces and internal connections. The document also outlines different types of abutments from healing abutments to custom UCLA abutments and discusses techniques for impression taking and creating prosthetics on implants.
Segmented arch technique /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian denta...Indian dental academy
The document discusses the segmented arch technique (SAT) for orthodontic treatment. Some key points:
- SAT involves dividing the dental arch into segments separated by gaps between teeth, allowing forces to be applied selectively to small groups of teeth.
- Benefits include consolidation of teeth into functional units, varying the cross-section and force levels between segments, and prefabrication of calibrated springs.
- The document outlines procedures for SAT including preliminary bracket placement, attachment selection and placement ensuring proper angulation, and space closure techniques using either segmental springs or loops.
- SAT principles are discussed for correcting deep bites using intrusion mechanics or open bites using extrusion mechanics to selectively move small tooth groups.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The document discusses different techniques for managing anchorage during orthodontic treatment, including the Tweed, Tweed-Merrifield, and Begg techniques. It describes various methods used in each stage of treatment such as tipping posterior teeth distally to prepare anchorage, using headgear and elastics to reinforce anchorage, and placing bends in archwires. Maintaining heavy archwires, limiting root movements, and using light elastics are recommended for anchorage control in the final treatment stages. The document provides details on anchorage considerations for management of sagittal, vertical, and transverse tooth movements.
This document discusses various factors to consider in the design of removable partial dentures (RPDs). It covers 10 key factors: 1) biomechanical considerations and forces acting on RPDs, 2) controlling stress through design, 3) direct and indirect retention methods, 4) clasp design, 5) splinting, 6) the denture base, 7) major and minor connectors, 8) rests, 9) stress equalization techniques, and 10) philosophies of RPD design including broad stress distribution. The goal of proper RPD design is to preserve remaining teeth and restore function while minimizing stress on abutment teeth and soft tissues.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The biomechanics of stresses induced by removable partial denture/ fixed orth...Indian dental academy
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
Refined begg’s stage iii /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian denta...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The document discusses the RPI removable partial denture system developed by Krol. It describes the key components of RPI clasps - the rest, proximal plate, and I-bar - and how they have been modified from Kratochvil's original design. Specifically, the rest is less extensive, the proximal plate contacts less of the guiding plane, and the I-bar is located in the gingival third. The document also outlines three approaches to applying the RPI system based on the design of the proximal plate and its contact with the guiding plane. Finally, it notes that the RPI system has been further modified by Kroll into the RPA system through the addition of an Akers clasp.
Refined begg /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental academy Indian dental academy
This document describes the objectives and techniques of Refined Begg stage II and pre-stage III orthodontic treatment. Stage II aims to maintain corrections from stage I, close extraction spaces through anterior retraction or posterior protraction, control incisor tipping, and correct molar and premolar positions. Braking mechanics like springs prevent excess anterior tipping during posterior protraction. Pre-stage III adjustments address vertical and horizontal discrepancies between premolars and molars to transition to stage III.
- Tooth rotation occurs around the long axis of the tooth and can be caused by factors like crowding, supernumerary teeth, overretained primary teeth, and tongue thrusting.
- There are two types of rotation: mesio-lingual/disto-buccal and disto-lingual/mesio-buccal. Derotation provides benefits like increased arch length and a more even distribution of occlusal forces.
- Treatment for rotation includes resolving etiological factors, using removable or fixed appliances to apply forces for derotation, and providing long-term retention to prevent relapse due to overstretched fibers. Forces between 35-100 grams are typically used for derot
Description :
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
1) The study used finite element analysis to verify Isaacson's hypothesis about progressive root torque and investigate torque mechanics. It found Isaacson's initial reciprocal reactions did not reflect the full changing sequence of actions over time.
2) Simulations of incremental twisting showed torque on teeth gradually altered as end teeth moved and middle teeth started to rotate.
3) Different torque scenarios were modeled, including individual tooth torque and built-in torque using the MBT prescription. Reciprocal reactions depended on prescription details.
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting
training center with best faculty and flexible training programs
for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental
practice,Offers certified courses in Dental
implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic
Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
This document discusses direct retainers for removable partial dentures. It describes the two basic types of direct retainers: intracoronal and extracoronal retainers. Intracoronal retainers are cast entirely within the contours of an abutment tooth while extracoronal retainers use components placed on or attached to the external surfaces of abutment teeth, such as circumferential clasps or bars. The document also covers principles of clasp design and the use of a dental cast surveyor to identify areas of a tooth that can provide retention and stabilization.
The document discusses leveling, aligning and bite opening in orthodontic treatment. It covers various topics related to leveling and aligning teeth including physical properties of wires, types of wires used, leveling in different malocclusion situations, and anchorage control. It also discusses arch leveling, overbite control, surgical treatment options and leveling in Begg mechanotherapy. The goal of initial treatment is to bring teeth into alignment and correct vertical discrepancies by leveling out the arches.
Torque new /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental academy Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in
continuing dental education , training dentists
in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide
range of dental certified courses in different
formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown &
Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Management of stresses in rpd / orthodontic course by indian dental academyIndian dental academy
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
The document discusses various implant components including fixtures, abutments, gold cylinders, and analogs. It describes the original Brånemark implant design and newer implant systems with enhanced surfaces and internal connections. The document also outlines different types of abutments from healing abutments to custom UCLA abutments and discusses techniques for impression taking and creating prosthetics on implants.
Segmented arch technique /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian denta...Indian dental academy
The document discusses the segmented arch technique (SAT) for orthodontic treatment. Some key points:
- SAT involves dividing the dental arch into segments separated by gaps between teeth, allowing forces to be applied selectively to small groups of teeth.
- Benefits include consolidation of teeth into functional units, varying the cross-section and force levels between segments, and prefabrication of calibrated springs.
- The document outlines procedures for SAT including preliminary bracket placement, attachment selection and placement ensuring proper angulation, and space closure techniques using either segmental springs or loops.
- SAT principles are discussed for correcting deep bites using intrusion mechanics or open bites using extrusion mechanics to selectively move small tooth groups.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The document discusses different techniques for managing anchorage during orthodontic treatment, including the Tweed, Tweed-Merrifield, and Begg techniques. It describes various methods used in each stage of treatment such as tipping posterior teeth distally to prepare anchorage, using headgear and elastics to reinforce anchorage, and placing bends in archwires. Maintaining heavy archwires, limiting root movements, and using light elastics are recommended for anchorage control in the final treatment stages. The document provides details on anchorage considerations for management of sagittal, vertical, and transverse tooth movements.
This document discusses various factors to consider in the design of removable partial dentures (RPDs). It covers 10 key factors: 1) biomechanical considerations and forces acting on RPDs, 2) controlling stress through design, 3) direct and indirect retention methods, 4) clasp design, 5) splinting, 6) the denture base, 7) major and minor connectors, 8) rests, 9) stress equalization techniques, and 10) philosophies of RPD design including broad stress distribution. The goal of proper RPD design is to preserve remaining teeth and restore function while minimizing stress on abutment teeth and soft tissues.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The biomechanics of stresses induced by removable partial denture/ fixed orth...Indian dental academy
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
Refined begg’s stage iii /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian denta...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The document discusses the RPI removable partial denture system developed by Krol. It describes the key components of RPI clasps - the rest, proximal plate, and I-bar - and how they have been modified from Kratochvil's original design. Specifically, the rest is less extensive, the proximal plate contacts less of the guiding plane, and the I-bar is located in the gingival third. The document also outlines three approaches to applying the RPI system based on the design of the proximal plate and its contact with the guiding plane. Finally, it notes that the RPI system has been further modified by Kroll into the RPA system through the addition of an Akers clasp.
Refined begg /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental academy Indian dental academy
This document describes the objectives and techniques of Refined Begg stage II and pre-stage III orthodontic treatment. Stage II aims to maintain corrections from stage I, close extraction spaces through anterior retraction or posterior protraction, control incisor tipping, and correct molar and premolar positions. Braking mechanics like springs prevent excess anterior tipping during posterior protraction. Pre-stage III adjustments address vertical and horizontal discrepancies between premolars and molars to transition to stage III.
- Tooth rotation occurs around the long axis of the tooth and can be caused by factors like crowding, supernumerary teeth, overretained primary teeth, and tongue thrusting.
- There are two types of rotation: mesio-lingual/disto-buccal and disto-lingual/mesio-buccal. Derotation provides benefits like increased arch length and a more even distribution of occlusal forces.
- Treatment for rotation includes resolving etiological factors, using removable or fixed appliances to apply forces for derotation, and providing long-term retention to prevent relapse due to overstretched fibers. Forces between 35-100 grams are typically used for derot
Anchorage in beggs technique /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian d...Indian dental academy
Welcome to Indian Dental Academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy has a unique training program & curriculum that provides students with exceptional clinical skills and enabling them to return to their office with high level confidence and start treating patients
State of the art comprehensive training-Faculty of world wide repute &Very affordable.
Stages in beggs technique /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dent...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
Biomechanics in orthodontics /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian d...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The document discusses the Begg appliance and techniques used in orthodontic treatment Stage III. It provides details on bending main arch wires, uprighting springs, torqueing auxiliaries, and how these items are applied to teeth. The objectives of Stage III are to maintain corrections from prior stages and achieve desired axial tooth inclinations.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Aligning and leveling in straight wire technique(PAE Technique)Indian dental academy
This document discusses the principles and mechanics of aligning teeth with preadjusted appliances. It is divided into three stages: aligning and leveling, retraction, and settling. The goals of the initial aligning and leveling stage are to bring teeth into alignment and correct vertical discrepancies by leveling the arches using light continuous forces from an archwire that passesively engages the bracket slots. Anchorage control is important during this stage to minimize unwanted tooth movements. Various anchorage reinforcement techniques are discussed, including composite ties, archwire bends, and headgear. Archwire selection considerations for alignment include using smaller diameter wires of materials like stainless steel, beta titanium, or nickel-titanium that provide adequate springiness
Direct retainer/ course in dentistry/ cosmetic dentistry trainingIndian dental academy
This document discusses direct retainers for removable partial dentures. It describes different types of direct retainers including intracoronal and extracoronal retainers. Intracoronal retainers include precision attachments and semi-precision attachments that reside inside the tooth. Extracoronal retainers include clasp assemblies and attachments that reside outside the tooth. Circumferential and bar clasps are described as common types of clasp assemblies. The document outlines the key parts and functions of clasps, including requirements for an effective clasp design.
The stage iii of begg technique /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Ind...Indian dental academy
The document discusses the third stage of the Begg technique for orthodontic treatment. Stage III focuses on correcting the axial inclination of teeth through root tipping using torquing auxiliaries and uprighting springs. It maintains the corrections from stages I and II while achieving the desired mesiodistal and labiolingual inclinations of each tooth simultaneously. Stiffer base archwires and various auxiliary appliances like torquing bars and uprighting springs are used to tip roots into their proper positions while keeping crowns relatively stationary. The document provides details on the design and function of these appliances to achieve the treatment objectives of stage III.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Description :
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Description :
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Intrusion mechanics /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental aca...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
This document discusses the Begg technique for orthodontic treatment. It provides an overview of the traditional Begg approach, outlines some of its limitations, and describes refinements that have been made to the technique over time. Some key points include:
- The traditional Begg technique emphasized extractions and used light continuous forces, but it lacked precision and control.
- Modifications have included improved brackets, wires, and mechanics to allow for more precise control of tooth movement. Stages of treatment have also been refined.
- A major challenge is the third stage, where unwanted tooth movements can occur if not properly controlled. Reinforced anchorage and lighter auxiliary forces are ways refined Begg addresses this.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
A general consideration of stage i in begg /certified fixed orthodontic cours...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
Biomechanics in bagg /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental ac...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
3 basic principles for designing class ii and iii and ivAmal Kaddah
Designing Kennedy class II partial dentures usually follows the same basic principles as class I partial dentures. The main challenges are lack of proper posterior support and retention due to the absence of a posterior saddle. Indirect retention is important to counteract rotational forces on the denture. Problems with class II dentures can be reduced by adding retention on the dentulous side, using a clasp line that divides the denture in half, and indirect retainers to reduce lateral loading and denture rotation. Stress on the residual ridge and abutment teeth is minimized through broad denture base coverage, accurate impressions, improving the ridge condition, using narrow teeth, and proper choice of direct retainers.
The stage iii of begg technique including problem /certified fixed o...Indian dental academy
This document describes stage III of the Begg technique for orthodontic treatment. Stage III focuses on achieving the desired axial inclination of all teeth by using torquing auxiliaries and uprighting springs. Torquing auxiliaries are used to correct the lingual inclination of maxillary incisors. Uprighting springs are used to correct the mesiodistal inclination of lateral incisors, cuspids, and bicuspids. Stiffer base archwires are used to maintain corrections from previous stages and withstand forces from the auxiliaries. The objectives, appliances, and mechanics of stage III are explained in detail over the course of the document.
Copy of activator /orthodontic courses by Indian dental academy Indian dental academy
Description :
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Similar to BEGG’S STAGE II AND ITS MECHANICS/endodontic courses (20)
Opportunity for Dentists (BDS/MDS )to relocate to United kingdom -Register as a DENTAL HYGIENIST/ DENTAL THERAPIST without Board exams and after approval you can register in GDC as a DH/DT and start working as a DH/DT Immediately and get paid.
You can complete the whole process in 3-4 months.Salary range for DH/DT is around 2500-3500 Pounds per month.
Eligibility / requirements-
1. An International English Language Testing System (IELTS) certificate
at the appropriate level.(Within 2 yrs of application date )
2: A recent primary dental qualification that has been taught and examined in English..(Within 2 yrs of application date )
3: A recent pass in a language test for registration with a regulatory authority in a country where the first language is English.
If you are interested Please contact us for more details.
1ST, 2ND AND 3RD ORDER BENDS IN STANDARD EDGEWISE APPLIANCE SYSTEM /Fixed ort...Indian dental academy
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental professionals
who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic Dentistry,
Periodontics and General Dentistry.
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
I –Aligners are made with FDA approved transparent thermoplastic materials using 3D scanning, 3D Printing and finally Trays with Pressure vacuum formers.
Dear Doctor,
Indian Dental Academy Now offers comprehensive online Orthodontics course.
Course includes:
1.whiteboard lecture presentations
2.Case Discussions
3.with hundreds of pictures.
4.Demo on Models
5.Demo on Patients
6. subtitles in your own language
12 months unlimited access and support @350 USD only.
For Demo please visit :www.idalectures.com/preview/
For more details visit: www.idalectures.com
Please contact us for any clarifications:
idalectures@gmail.com
indiandentalacademy@gmail.com
Thanks & Regards
Indian Dental Academy
--
Indian Dental Academy
Leader in continuing dental education
www.indiandentalacademy.com
skype:indiandentalacademy
+919248678078
Cytotoxicity of silicone materials used in maxillofacial prosthesis / dental ...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Diagnosis and treatment planning in completely endntulous arches/dental coursesIndian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Properties of Denture base materials /rotary endodontic coursesIndian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Use of modified tooth forms in complete denture occlusion / dental implant...Indian dental academy
This document discusses dental occlusion concepts and philosophies for complete dentures. It introduces key terms like physiologic occlusion and defines different occlusion schemes like balanced articulation and monoplane articulation. The document discusses advantages and disadvantages of using anatomic versus non-anatomic teeth for complete dentures. It also outlines requirements for maintaining denture stability, such as balanced occlusal contacts and control of horizontal forces. The goal of occlusion for complete dentures is to re-establish the homeostasis of the masticatory system disrupted by edentulism.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
This document discusses dental casting investment materials. It describes the three main types of investments - gypsum bonded, phosphate bonded, and ethyl silicate bonded investments. For gypsum bonded investments specifically, it details their classification, composition including the roles of gypsum, silica, and modifiers, setting time, normal and hygroscopic setting expansion, and thermal expansion. It provides information on how the properties of gypsum bonded investments are affected by their composition. The document serves as a comprehensive overview of dental casting investment materials.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Dentalcasting alloys/certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental aca...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
বাংলাদেশের অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা ২০২৪ [Bangladesh Economic Review 2024 Bangla.pdf] কম্পিউটার , ট্যাব ও স্মার্ট ফোন ভার্সন সহ সম্পূর্ণ বাংলা ই-বুক বা pdf বই " সুচিপত্র ...বুকমার্ক মেনু 🔖 ও হাইপার লিংক মেনু 📝👆 যুক্ত ..
আমাদের সবার জন্য খুব খুব গুরুত্বপূর্ণ একটি বই ..বিসিএস, ব্যাংক, ইউনিভার্সিটি ভর্তি ও যে কোন প্রতিযোগিতা মূলক পরীক্ষার জন্য এর খুব ইম্পরট্যান্ট একটি বিষয় ...তাছাড়া বাংলাদেশের সাম্প্রতিক যে কোন ডাটা বা তথ্য এই বইতে পাবেন ...
তাই একজন নাগরিক হিসাবে এই তথ্য গুলো আপনার জানা প্রয়োজন ...।
বিসিএস ও ব্যাংক এর লিখিত পরীক্ষা ...+এছাড়া মাধ্যমিক ও উচ্চমাধ্যমিকের স্টুডেন্টদের জন্য অনেক কাজে আসবে ...
हिंदी वर्णमाला पीपीटी, hindi alphabet PPT presentation, hindi varnamala PPT, Hindi Varnamala pdf, हिंदी स्वर, हिंदी व्यंजन, sikhiye hindi varnmala, dr. mulla adam ali, hindi language and literature, hindi alphabet with drawing, hindi alphabet pdf, hindi varnamala for childrens, hindi language, hindi varnamala practice for kids, https://www.drmullaadamali.com
Temple of Asclepius in Thrace. Excavation resultsKrassimira Luka
The temple and the sanctuary around were dedicated to Asklepios Zmidrenus. This name has been known since 1875 when an inscription dedicated to him was discovered in Rome. The inscription is dated in 227 AD and was left by soldiers originating from the city of Philippopolis (modern Plovdiv).
How to Make a Field Mandatory in Odoo 17Celine George
In Odoo, making a field required can be done through both Python code and XML views. When you set the required attribute to True in Python code, it makes the field required across all views where it's used. Conversely, when you set the required attribute in XML views, it makes the field required only in the context of that particular view.
Philippine Edukasyong Pantahanan at Pangkabuhayan (EPP) CurriculumMJDuyan
(𝐓𝐋𝐄 𝟏𝟎𝟎) (𝐋𝐞𝐬𝐬𝐨𝐧 𝟏)-𝐏𝐫𝐞𝐥𝐢𝐦𝐬
𝐃𝐢𝐬𝐜𝐮𝐬𝐬 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐄𝐏𝐏 𝐂𝐮𝐫𝐫𝐢𝐜𝐮𝐥𝐮𝐦 𝐢𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐏𝐡𝐢𝐥𝐢𝐩𝐩𝐢𝐧𝐞𝐬:
- Understand the goals and objectives of the Edukasyong Pantahanan at Pangkabuhayan (EPP) curriculum, recognizing its importance in fostering practical life skills and values among students. Students will also be able to identify the key components and subjects covered, such as agriculture, home economics, industrial arts, and information and communication technology.
𝐄𝐱𝐩𝐥𝐚𝐢𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐍𝐚𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐞 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐒𝐜𝐨𝐩𝐞 𝐨𝐟 𝐚𝐧 𝐄𝐧𝐭𝐫𝐞𝐩𝐫𝐞𝐧𝐞𝐮𝐫:
-Define entrepreneurship, distinguishing it from general business activities by emphasizing its focus on innovation, risk-taking, and value creation. Students will describe the characteristics and traits of successful entrepreneurs, including their roles and responsibilities, and discuss the broader economic and social impacts of entrepreneurial activities on both local and global scales.
Strategies for Effective Upskilling is a presentation by Chinwendu Peace in a Your Skill Boost Masterclass organisation by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan on 08th and 09th June 2024 from 1 PM to 3 PM on each day.
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering.pptxDenish Jangid
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering
Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
Levelling: Instrument used Object of levelling, Methods of levelling in brief, and Contour maps.
Chapter 4
Buildings: Selection of site for Buildings, Layout of Building Plan, Types of buildings, Plinth area, carpet area, floor space index, Introduction to building byelaws, concept of sun light & ventilation. Components of Buildings & their functions, Basic concept of R.C.C., Introduction to types of foundation
Chapter 5
Transportation: Introduction to Transportation Engineering; Traffic and Road Safety: Types and Characteristics of Various Modes of Transportation; Various Road Traffic Signs, Causes of Accidents and Road Safety Measures.
Chapter 6
Environmental Engineering: Environmental Pollution, Environmental Acts and Regulations, Functional Concepts of Ecology, Basics of Species, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Hydrological Cycle; Chemical Cycles: Carbon, Nitrogen & Phosphorus; Energy Flow in Ecosystems.
Water Pollution: Water Quality standards, Introduction to Treatment & Disposal of Waste Water. Reuse and Saving of Water, Rain Water Harvesting. Solid Waste Management: Classification of Solid Waste, Collection, Transportation and Disposal of Solid. Recycling of Solid Waste: Energy Recovery, Sanitary Landfill, On-Site Sanitation. Air & Noise Pollution: Primary and Secondary air pollutants, Harmful effects of Air Pollution, Control of Air Pollution. . Noise Pollution Harmful Effects of noise pollution, control of noise pollution, Global warming & Climate Change, Ozone depletion, Greenhouse effect
Text Books:
1. Palancharmy, Basic Civil Engineering, McGraw Hill publishers.
2. Satheesh Gopi, Basic Civil Engineering, Pearson Publishers.
3. Ketki Rangwala Dalal, Essentials of Civil Engineering, Charotar Publishing House.
4. BCP, Surveying volume 1
BEGG’S STAGE II AND ITS MECHANICS/endodontic courses
1. BEGG’S STAGE II ANDBEGG’S STAGE II AND
ITS MECHANICSITS MECHANICS
INDIAN DENTAL ACADEMY
Leader in continuing Dental Education
www.indiandentalacademy.comwww.indiandentalacademy.com
2. www.indiandentalacademy.comwww.indiandentalacademy.com
Objectives of Stage IIObjectives of Stage II
With the correction of crowding andWith the correction of crowding and
achieving edge to edge bite in anteriors itachieving edge to edge bite in anteriors it
will be reasonable to presume that furtherwill be reasonable to presume that further
hindrance to the tooth movement is takenhindrance to the tooth movement is taken
care of and it will be reasonable to reassesscare of and it will be reasonable to reassess
the treatment requirement, evaluate andthe treatment requirement, evaluate and
redefine the objectives of the remainingredefine the objectives of the remaining
treatment and decide the steps for Stage 2treatment and decide the steps for Stage 2
and Stage 3 phase.and Stage 3 phase.
3. www.indiandentalacademy.comwww.indiandentalacademy.com
The objectives of Stage II are asThe objectives of Stage II are as
follows :follows :
1.Maintaining all corrections achieved during stage I.1.Maintaining all corrections achieved during stage I.
2.Closing all remaining posterior spaces.2.Closing all remaining posterior spaces.
Ideally, it will be wise to procure newIdeally, it will be wise to procure new
radiographs and clinical records and apply one’sradiographs and clinical records and apply one’s
mind whether remaining extraction spaces mustmind whether remaining extraction spaces must
be closed by distal driving of all anteriors orbe closed by distal driving of all anteriors or
whether to allow the posteriors to drift mesiallywhether to allow the posteriors to drift mesially
into the extraction space or both.into the extraction space or both.
5. www.indiandentalacademy.comwww.indiandentalacademy.com
1. Maintain all corrections1. Maintain all corrections
Edge-to-edge relationship of anteriorsEdge-to-edge relationship of anteriors : -: -
– Continuation of bite opening bends orContinuation of bite opening bends or
reduced anchor bends and wearing ofreduced anchor bends and wearing of
Intermaxillary elastics as required.Intermaxillary elastics as required.
Alignment of Anterior teethAlignment of Anterior teeth : -: -
– Plain arch wire with bayonet bends (ifPlain arch wire with bayonet bends (if
necessary) engaged in the central and lateralnecessary) engaged in the central and lateral
incisor brackets.incisor brackets.
Anterior Space ClosureAnterior Space Closure : -: -
– Cuspid ties, electrometric rings or ligatures.Cuspid ties, electrometric rings or ligatures.
6. www.indiandentalacademy.comwww.indiandentalacademy.com
Over-rotated teethOver-rotated teeth : -: -
– Engagement of arch wire in offset brackets onEngagement of arch wire in offset brackets on
cuspids or bicuspids.cuspids or bicuspids.
– Ligature ties from bicuspid brackets to buccalLigature ties from bicuspid brackets to buccal
or lingual side of molars.or lingual side of molars.
Normal or over-corrected bucco lingualNormal or over-corrected bucco lingual
relationship of posterior teethrelationship of posterior teeth : -: -
– Continual wearing of cross bite elastics.Continual wearing of cross bite elastics.
– Constrict and/or expand the arch wire.Constrict and/or expand the arch wire.
Overcorrected or normal mesiodistalOvercorrected or normal mesiodistal
molar relationshipmolar relationship : -: -
– Wearing of inter maxillary elastics as requiredWearing of inter maxillary elastics as required
during posterior space closure.during posterior space closure.
7. www.indiandentalacademy.comwww.indiandentalacademy.com
2. Close any remaining spaces2. Close any remaining spaces
Wearing horizontal elastics or more often,Wearing horizontal elastics or more often,
tie elastic thread across spaces until theytie elastic thread across spaces until they
are closed.are closed.
9. www.indiandentalacademy.comwww.indiandentalacademy.com
The use of 0.020” gauge arch wire is better as it givesThe use of 0.020” gauge arch wire is better as it gives
more rigidity to appliance and increased resistance tomore rigidity to appliance and increased resistance to
damage by patients, particularly in cases requiringdamage by patients, particularly in cases requiring
unilateral extraction space closure, this thicker archunilateral extraction space closure, this thicker arch
wire is better. Anchor bends and toe- in bends in thiswire is better. Anchor bends and toe- in bends in this
stage of the treatment are of slightly lesser degree andstage of the treatment are of slightly lesser degree and
hence less pressure is applied on anteriors andhence less pressure is applied on anteriors and
posteriors.posteriors.
Stage II Arch WiresStage II Arch Wires
10. www.indiandentalacademy.comwww.indiandentalacademy.com
The only function of these arch wires is to maintainThe only function of these arch wires is to maintain
the corrections achieved( bite opening, arch formthe corrections achieved( bite opening, arch form
& tooth alignment), and to stabilize the teeth& tooth alignment), and to stabilize the teeth
against any adverse reciprocal forces that mayagainst any adverse reciprocal forces that may
occur as a result of application of elastics oroccur as a result of application of elastics or
auxiliaries.auxiliaries.
Symmetry and correlation of the upper and theSymmetry and correlation of the upper and the
lower arch is still maintained. Expansion in thelower arch is still maintained. Expansion in the
molar region is also maintained. Care is taken tomolar region is also maintained. Care is taken to
avoid intercanine expansion as in the Stage I.avoid intercanine expansion as in the Stage I.
11. www.indiandentalacademy.comwww.indiandentalacademy.com
Coordinated upper andCoordinated upper and
lower arch wires forlower arch wires for
Stage 2.Stage 2.
They maintain theThey maintain the
intercanine width andintercanine width and
expansion in the molarexpansion in the molar
region.region.
12. www.indiandentalacademy.comwww.indiandentalacademy.com
Edge-to-edge anterior relationship and 1st molar in Class I relationship withEdge-to-edge anterior relationship and 1st molar in Class I relationship with
anteriors tipped distallyanteriors tipped distally
POSITION OF TEETH AT THE END OF STAGE IPOSITION OF TEETH AT THE END OF STAGE I
(BEGG MECHANOTHERAPY)(BEGG MECHANOTHERAPY)
14. www.indiandentalacademy.comwww.indiandentalacademy.com
The space closing elasticThe space closing elastic
sometimes irritates the gingiva, tosometimes irritates the gingiva, to
avoid this , twist together the twoavoid this , twist together the two
ends of the ligature wire that holdsends of the ligature wire that holds
the arch wire to the buccal surfacethe arch wire to the buccal surface
of the second premolar bracket.of the second premolar bracket.
Then seat the space- closingThen seat the space- closing
elastic occlusally to the premolarelastic occlusally to the premolar
bracket in the space between thebracket in the space between the
coil ligature wire and the toothcoil ligature wire and the tooth
band. The space- closing elasticband. The space- closing elastic
when held in this position cannotwhen held in this position cannot
irritate the gingival tissue.irritate the gingival tissue.
15. www.indiandentalacademy.comwww.indiandentalacademy.com
In the end of Stage 1, the incisor relationship is edgeIn the end of Stage 1, the incisor relationship is edge
to edge and buccal occlusion is either Class I or mildto edge and buccal occlusion is either Class I or mild
Class III relationship with fairly distributed space atClass III relationship with fairly distributed space at
extraction sites. Use of Intermaxillary Class I elastics,extraction sites. Use of Intermaxillary Class I elastics,
tend to have the greater effect on lower incisors,tend to have the greater effect on lower incisors,
which are having smaller root area, and are readilywhich are having smaller root area, and are readily
retracted than the upper incisors, thereby recreatingretracted than the upper incisors, thereby recreating
the overjet. To avoid this, class II inter- maxillarythe overjet. To avoid this, class II inter- maxillary
elastics can be used, which will reinforce the forceselastics can be used, which will reinforce the forces
of retraction for upper incisors, at the same timeof retraction for upper incisors, at the same time
giving added mesial pull to the posteriors in the lowergiving added mesial pull to the posteriors in the lower
arch to have a mesial bodily movement.arch to have a mesial bodily movement.
16. www.indiandentalacademy.comwww.indiandentalacademy.com
The wearing of horizontalThe wearing of horizontal
elastics from the buccalelastics from the buccal
surfaces of the molarssurfaces of the molars
creates a rotational forcecreates a rotational force
on the molars. If thison the molars. If this
tendency for molars totendency for molars to
rotate under the pull ofrotate under the pull of
horizontal space-closinghorizontal space-closing
elastics is notelastics is not
counteracted by arch wirecounteracted by arch wire
modification or othermodification or other
means, the molars willmeans, the molars will
rotate distobuccally.rotate distobuccally.
17. www.indiandentalacademy.comwww.indiandentalacademy.com
Correction of Anchor Molar RotationCorrection of Anchor Molar Rotation
To prevent the molars from rotating, the distalTo prevent the molars from rotating, the distal
ends of the arch wires can be given a slightends of the arch wires can be given a slight
amount of toe-in. This is usually required more inamount of toe-in. This is usually required more in
the maxillary arch than in the mandibular arch,the maxillary arch than in the mandibular arch,
because lower molars tend to become slightlybecause lower molars tend to become slightly
displaced lingually during the first stage. Thedisplaced lingually during the first stage. The
vertical components of force in Class IIvertical components of force in Class II
Intermaxillary elastics cause the mandibularIntermaxillary elastics cause the mandibular
anchor molars to roll or tip lingually.anchor molars to roll or tip lingually.
18. www.indiandentalacademy.comwww.indiandentalacademy.com
If the distal ends of theIf the distal ends of the
arch wire have been toed-arch wire have been toed-
in but the rotation of thein but the rotation of the
molar is not correcting ormolar is not correcting or
actually increasing, thenactually increasing, then
other measures can beother measures can be
taken:-taken:-
1) The horizontal elastics1) The horizontal elastics
can be engaged on thecan be engaged on the
lingual hooks rather thanlingual hooks rather than
on the buccal.on the buccal.
19. www.indiandentalacademy.comwww.indiandentalacademy.com
Another way to correctAnother way to correct
a rotated molar duringa rotated molar during
Stage 2 is to tie anStage 2 is to tie an
elastic thread ligatureelastic thread ligature
from the lingual buttonfrom the lingual button
On the cuspid to theOn the cuspid to the
lingual hook (or button)lingual hook (or button)
on the molar.on the molar.
20. www.indiandentalacademy.comwww.indiandentalacademy.com
Correction of midline discrepanciesCorrection of midline discrepancies
When the central line correction is planned during thisWhen the central line correction is planned during this
stage, often one uses Class II Intermaxillary elastics onstage, often one uses Class II Intermaxillary elastics on
one side and Class III on the other side. Sometimes anone side and Class III on the other side. Sometimes an
anterior elastic from the Intermaxillary hook mesial toanterior elastic from the Intermaxillary hook mesial to
upper canine to the Intermaxillary hook mesial of theupper canine to the Intermaxillary hook mesial of the
lower canine on opposite side is used.lower canine on opposite side is used.
23. www.indiandentalacademy.comwww.indiandentalacademy.com
Position of teeth at the end stage 2 (BeggPosition of teeth at the end stage 2 (Begg
Mechanotherapy)Mechanotherapy)
All the extraction spaces have been closed and theAll the extraction spaces have been closed and the
anteroposterior occlusal relationships of the dental archesanteroposterior occlusal relationships of the dental arches
have been maintained by Class II Intermaxillary elastics in thehave been maintained by Class II Intermaxillary elastics in the
Class I relations, with tipped back anteriors.Class I relations, with tipped back anteriors.
24. www.indiandentalacademy.comwww.indiandentalacademy.com
This tipping back, or “dishing in” as it is called, is aThis tipping back, or “dishing in” as it is called, is a
most favorable state of affairs as far as the success ofmost favorable state of affairs as far as the success of
the final result of treatment is concerned. Thisthe final result of treatment is concerned. This
“dishing in” is evidence that the upper and lower“dishing in” is evidence that the upper and lower
dental arches, as whole units, have not been broughtdental arches, as whole units, have not been brought
anteriorly in relation to the jaws during the treatmentanteriorly in relation to the jaws during the treatment
procedures that have been carried out to close theprocedures that have been carried out to close the
extraction spaces.extraction spaces.
More than this, it is evidence that the upper andMore than this, it is evidence that the upper and
lower dental arches as whole units are situated fartherlower dental arches as whole units are situated farther
posteriorly in the jaws than they were beforeposteriorly in the jaws than they were before
appliance therapy was started, although the teethappliance therapy was started, although the teeth
distal to the extraction spaces may have been moveddistal to the extraction spaces may have been moved
slightly mesially.slightly mesially.
25. www.indiandentalacademy.comwww.indiandentalacademy.com
Control of Bicuspid HeightControl of Bicuspid Height
During Stage 2 it is necessary to bring all teeth mesialDuring Stage 2 it is necessary to bring all teeth mesial
to the anchor molars to the occlusal plane. Usuallyto the anchor molars to the occlusal plane. Usually
the teeth involved are the second bicuspids—morethe teeth involved are the second bicuspids—more
often the mandibular than the maxillary.often the mandibular than the maxillary.
These teeth are encouraged to erupt through theThese teeth are encouraged to erupt through the
application of light forces. As soon as the teeth haveapplication of light forces. As soon as the teeth have
erupted sufficiently to permit banding, bands witherupted sufficiently to permit banding, bands with
ribbon arch type brackets are cemented.ribbon arch type brackets are cemented.
26. www.indiandentalacademy.comwww.indiandentalacademy.com
At this time, the teeth are usually quite lowAt this time, the teeth are usually quite low
gingivally and arch wire engagement would begingivally and arch wire engagement would be
both impractical and uncomfortable.both impractical and uncomfortable.
It would be impractical because this mightIt would be impractical because this might
cause friction which could prevent free distalcause friction which could prevent free distal
tipping of the anterior teeth, and it would betipping of the anterior teeth, and it would be
uncomfortable because the greater flexing ofuncomfortable because the greater flexing of
the arch wire gingivally would result in morethe arch wire gingivally would result in more
force on the tooth.force on the tooth.
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Through the use ofThrough the use of
bypass clamps andbypass clamps and
reversing them after onereversing them after one
or two appointments, it isor two appointments, it is
simple to bring them intosimple to bring them into
the occlusal plane.the occlusal plane.
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ALTERNATIVE METHODS AND STEPS TOALTERNATIVE METHODS AND STEPS TO
CARRY OUT ASYMMETRIC SPACE CLOSURECARRY OUT ASYMMETRIC SPACE CLOSURE
1. Use heavier arch wire,1. Use heavier arch wire,
give molar offset and heightgive molar offset and height
adjustment bend on the sideadjustment bend on the side
with closed extractionwith closed extraction
space. This will hold thespace. This will hold the
second premolar snugly insecond premolar snugly in
the arch and will not allowthe arch and will not allow
change of centre line.change of centre line.
Figure showing molar offsetFigure showing molar offset
and height adjustment bendsand height adjustment bends
in the arch wire on the sidein the arch wire on the side
with closed extractionwith closed extraction
space.space.
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2. Giving passive2. Giving passive
uprighting spring onlyuprighting spring only
on the canine where noon the canine where no
distal movement ofdistal movement of
canine is desired. Thiscanine is desired. This
will resist the use ofwill resist the use of
Intermaxillary pull onIntermaxillary pull on
the same side thus notthe same side thus not
resulting in unwantedresulting in unwanted
overcrowding andovercrowding and
pushing the secondpushing the second
premolar lingually.premolar lingually.
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3. Use heavy Intermaxillary elastics with passive3. Use heavy Intermaxillary elastics with passive
uprighting springs on canine. This will compel theuprighting springs on canine. This will compel the
posteriors to move mesially thus avoiding overposteriors to move mesially thus avoiding over
retraction of anteriors.retraction of anteriors.
4. Use of Intermaxillary elastics with uprighting springs4. Use of Intermaxillary elastics with uprighting springs
on second premolar will make the distal side moreon second premolar will make the distal side more
resistant to mesial drift thus over closure of extractionresistant to mesial drift thus over closure of extraction
space is avoided.space is avoided.
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Passive uprighting springPassive uprighting spring
on second premolar willon second premolar will
make posterior quadrantmake posterior quadrant
more resistant to mesialmore resistant to mesial
movement thus achievingmovement thus achieving
extraction space closureextraction space closure
with distal movement ofwith distal movement of
anteriors.anteriors.
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5. Passive root torquing5. Passive root torquing
arch wire in the lowerarch wire in the lower
anteriors will preventanteriors will prevent
further retraction offurther retraction of
lower anteriors and thuslower anteriors and thus
the remaining extractionthe remaining extraction
space will be closed onlyspace will be closed only
by mesial drift ofby mesial drift of
posterior teeth in theposterior teeth in the
lower arch.lower arch.
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Auxiliaries sometimes used in StageAuxiliaries sometimes used in Stage
IIII
Passive mesiodistal root uprighting springs (on lowerPassive mesiodistal root uprighting springs (on lower
canines).canines).
Lower anterior braking arches.Lower anterior braking arches.
The function of these types of auxiliaries is toThe function of these types of auxiliaries is to
establish a two point contact between the teeth andestablish a two point contact between the teeth and
arch wire to prevent further free tipping. Thesearch wire to prevent further free tipping. These
auxiliaries may be used separately or together. Onceauxiliaries may be used separately or together. Once
teeth are no longer free to tip, they begin to functionteeth are no longer free to tip, they begin to function
as anchor teeth. In Stage 2 it is sometimes desirable toas anchor teeth. In Stage 2 it is sometimes desirable to
halt the distal tipping of the anterior teeth and movehalt the distal tipping of the anterior teeth and move
the molars mesially. The passive springs or brakingthe molars mesially. The passive springs or braking
auxiliary establish anterior anchorage mechanics.auxiliary establish anterior anchorage mechanics.
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Passive Uprighting SpringPassive Uprighting Spring
Passive uprighting springPassive uprighting spring
in place on mandibularin place on mandibular
canine during Stage 2.canine during Stage 2.
This is necessary only inThis is necessary only in
those rare instances whenthose rare instances when
it is desirable toit is desirable to
purposely move thepurposely move the
anchor molars mesially.anchor molars mesially.
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Lower Braking AuxiliaryLower Braking Auxiliary
AA : Lower braking auxiliary in: Lower braking auxiliary in
place. It rests against the labialplace. It rests against the labial
surfaces of the four lower incisors,surfaces of the four lower incisors,
preventing any further free lingualpreventing any further free lingual
tipping of their crowns.tipping of their crowns.
BB: Anterior view of lower braking: Anterior view of lower braking
arch in place. Braking arches andarch in place. Braking arches and
passive uprighting springs are usedpassive uprighting springs are used
very rarely by experiencedvery rarely by experienced
orthodontists, for they appreciateorthodontists, for they appreciate
that usually the lower anterior teeththat usually the lower anterior teeth
must be tipped to the lingual tomust be tipped to the lingual to
prevent their being positioned tooprevent their being positioned too
far labially as a result of the loss offar labially as a result of the loss of
anchorage that normally occursanchorage that normally occurs
during Stage 3.during Stage 3.
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To further encourage the mesial movement ofTo further encourage the mesial movement of
lower posterior teeth, the strength of thelower posterior teeth, the strength of the
mandibular horizontal elastics is increased frommandibular horizontal elastics is increased from
2 1/2 ounces to 6 or 8 ounces.2 1/2 ounces to 6 or 8 ounces.
This brings into play the principles ofThis brings into play the principles of
differential force.differential force.
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Design of uprighting springsDesign of uprighting springs
Individual root spring orIndividual root spring or
mesiodistal uprightingmesiodistal uprighting
spring:spring:
Shorter lever arms withShorter lever arms with
larger more resilient coils.larger more resilient coils.
Self retainingSelf retaining
Do not interfere withDo not interfere with
springs on adjoining teeth.springs on adjoining teeth.