OnTheGo Racing is a mountain biking, triathlon, and running organization. The author completed a placement with the mountain biking team, developing individualized training programs for athletes based on athlete profiles. Training programs followed a periodized structure over 20 weeks and incorporated time trials every 2-3 weeks to track progress. The author also conducted biomechanical analyses of rider positions and made adjustments to improve efficiency. Athletes improved their time trial times on average by 67.8 seconds over the training programs.
The development of anthropometric profileSportlyzer
Rowing is a weight-dependent sport where anthropometric parameters of elite rowers emphasize the importance of body mass and size. Successful elite rowers are lean, relatively tall and have a high proportion of muscle mass compared to other endurance disciplines. Long arms are of advantage for giving an extra leverage.
Sweep rowers are taller and more muscular compared to scullers, which is related to different biomechanics of rowing with one oar and different dynamics of boat movement.
Though it has been shown that rowing ergometry and on-water rowing have similar physiological and energetic demands on particular intensities, there may also be some divergences.
With the increasingly popularity of triathlon, we get a better insight in the overuse injuries caused by this challenging discipline. Functional Training, if applied in a structured way, can lower the risk of injuries AND increase performance for every level of athlete.
Maximal aerobic power refers to the power output that the rower can generate using mainly aerobic energy pathways. It is a power output that corresponds to the maximal oxygen consumption intensity.
The development of anthropometric profileSportlyzer
Rowing is a weight-dependent sport where anthropometric parameters of elite rowers emphasize the importance of body mass and size. Successful elite rowers are lean, relatively tall and have a high proportion of muscle mass compared to other endurance disciplines. Long arms are of advantage for giving an extra leverage.
Sweep rowers are taller and more muscular compared to scullers, which is related to different biomechanics of rowing with one oar and different dynamics of boat movement.
Though it has been shown that rowing ergometry and on-water rowing have similar physiological and energetic demands on particular intensities, there may also be some divergences.
With the increasingly popularity of triathlon, we get a better insight in the overuse injuries caused by this challenging discipline. Functional Training, if applied in a structured way, can lower the risk of injuries AND increase performance for every level of athlete.
Maximal aerobic power refers to the power output that the rower can generate using mainly aerobic energy pathways. It is a power output that corresponds to the maximal oxygen consumption intensity.
Although lightweight rowers can be considered as “small” heavyweight rowers, in reality their respective sports are two different disciplines. Lightweight rowers rely on their ideal body composition and perfect technique, while heavyweights on the other hand are characterized more by their general strength capabilities.
A recipe for training distance runners includes simple principles from exercise physiology, coupled with workouts and on approach to structure a training plan.
Presentation examining the track and field events from a strength coach's perspective. Part of a presentation I did at the 2013 Australian Track and Field Coach's Association's Coaching Congress.
In-service project for clinical affiliation with Southcoast Hospital Group in December of 2012. Presented by Doctoral Student of Physical Therapy, Amy Rosen
Neuromuscular Adaptations to Sports Training Jill Costley
Neuromuscular Adaptations to Sports Training from my Undergrad Strength and Conditioning placement at the Sports Institute of Northern Ireland. Outcomes: 1) Understand the role of the brain and nervous system in relation to motor control 2) Understand the basic structure of a muscle fibre 3) Appreciate the implications and effects of training on the neuromuscular system. Hope it's useful to someone. Any critical feedback is welcome.
Tracking the economy is important as oxygen consumption levels off for athletes approximately at the age of 23-25 or after 5-7 years of training. Yet the economy and performance have been shown to improve for much longer period – therefore correlations between performance and economy are even higher than correlations between performance and maximal oxygen consumption.
After full operation of secondary treatment at the East and West treatment plants, the future production of sludge from these plants and from Amriya and Agamy secondary treatment plants in addition to the rest 14 secondary treatment plants all around Alexandria is expected to exceed than 1200 m3/d by 2015 thus the capacity if the sludge disposal site should exceed. Therefore, the future sewage sludge management represents a critical environmental issue in Alexandria, this management includes sludge dewatering, handling, transportation cost to the disposal sites and the final product marketing.
As the capacity of Alexandria sludge disposal system will be limited by the increase in sludge production and the current management system, there is an immediate need to investigate ways to establish a future management system and to demonstrate successful operations at higher sludge producing rates.
Currently, Site 9N the sole disposal site in Alexandria include a composting plant established when the site was initially developed as a dedicated disposal area for sludge. Consequently, land spreading of the sludge on the dedicated disposal area has ceased and all of the current production of raw sludge is now being composted using the turned windrow technique.
The present study aims to evaluate the current efficiency of the sludge management system and adopt a future vision for the Alexandria sludge system and recommend modifications to protect public health and environment.
Although lightweight rowers can be considered as “small” heavyweight rowers, in reality their respective sports are two different disciplines. Lightweight rowers rely on their ideal body composition and perfect technique, while heavyweights on the other hand are characterized more by their general strength capabilities.
A recipe for training distance runners includes simple principles from exercise physiology, coupled with workouts and on approach to structure a training plan.
Presentation examining the track and field events from a strength coach's perspective. Part of a presentation I did at the 2013 Australian Track and Field Coach's Association's Coaching Congress.
In-service project for clinical affiliation with Southcoast Hospital Group in December of 2012. Presented by Doctoral Student of Physical Therapy, Amy Rosen
Neuromuscular Adaptations to Sports Training Jill Costley
Neuromuscular Adaptations to Sports Training from my Undergrad Strength and Conditioning placement at the Sports Institute of Northern Ireland. Outcomes: 1) Understand the role of the brain and nervous system in relation to motor control 2) Understand the basic structure of a muscle fibre 3) Appreciate the implications and effects of training on the neuromuscular system. Hope it's useful to someone. Any critical feedback is welcome.
Tracking the economy is important as oxygen consumption levels off for athletes approximately at the age of 23-25 or after 5-7 years of training. Yet the economy and performance have been shown to improve for much longer period – therefore correlations between performance and economy are even higher than correlations between performance and maximal oxygen consumption.
After full operation of secondary treatment at the East and West treatment plants, the future production of sludge from these plants and from Amriya and Agamy secondary treatment plants in addition to the rest 14 secondary treatment plants all around Alexandria is expected to exceed than 1200 m3/d by 2015 thus the capacity if the sludge disposal site should exceed. Therefore, the future sewage sludge management represents a critical environmental issue in Alexandria, this management includes sludge dewatering, handling, transportation cost to the disposal sites and the final product marketing.
As the capacity of Alexandria sludge disposal system will be limited by the increase in sludge production and the current management system, there is an immediate need to investigate ways to establish a future management system and to demonstrate successful operations at higher sludge producing rates.
Currently, Site 9N the sole disposal site in Alexandria include a composting plant established when the site was initially developed as a dedicated disposal area for sludge. Consequently, land spreading of the sludge on the dedicated disposal area has ceased and all of the current production of raw sludge is now being composted using the turned windrow technique.
The present study aims to evaluate the current efficiency of the sludge management system and adopt a future vision for the Alexandria sludge system and recommend modifications to protect public health and environment.
El autocontrol emocional es la capacidad que nos permite gestionar de forma adecuada nuestras emociones y no permite que sean éstas, las que nos controlen a nosotros. De lo que se trata es que todas las emociones, tanto las negativas como las positivas, se experimenten y se expresen de forma adecuada.
El autocontrol emocional es un componente esencial en la inteligencia emocional. Para Daniel Goleman “La habilidad para hacer una pausa y no actuar por el primer impulso se ha vuelto un aprendizaje crucial en nuestros días”. Es importante resaltar que cuando nos referimos al autocontrol, no hablamos sólo de dominar y controlar nuestras emociones, sino fundamentalmente de manifestarlas o inhibirlas de una forma correcta.
Los especialistas en técnicas de autocontrol recomiendan, siempre que sea posible, no forzar el cuerpo ni la mente. Cuando un individuo está relajado, sereno y descansado, se encuentra en mejores condiciones para enfrentar las dificultades. Por otra parte, el autocontrol necesita del diálogo sereno, para evitar que la confrontación derive en situaciones de violencia emocional o hasta física.
Por último, cabe destacar que el principal enemigo del autocontrol son las ideas irracionales, que ocasionan una falta de autovaloración, inseguridad, dependencia psicológica y la necesidad de aprobación, por ejemplo. Estas ideas incluso pueden ocasionar depresión.
Where best to direct your it budget (and a bit about the future of IT)David Terrar
Where best to direct your IT Budget (and a bit about the future of IT) for The CESA Conference 2013 in association with the FCSI and BHA, 13 & 14 November, Savill Court Hotel, Windsor - Setting the Standard for the Foodservice Industry:
A bit of a history lesson to explain the current IT landscape
Explain “The Big Shift” or “Digital Disruption” and why it’s so important?
Why consider this Cloud thing?
Where should you be spending?
Next steps
Muscle monitoring for optimal rehabilitation & sports performancePetri Lehikoinen
How to use MBody muscle monitoring system to optimize knee rehabilitation and sports performance training.
MEDICA Medicine + Sports Conference 12.-13.11.2014.
Football is a high-intensity intermittent sport. Although players can cover up to 11km in a game,
most of this is done in short, sharp bursts lasting seconds, and this performance therefore relies on
anaerobic energy, speed and power. Plyometric (jumping) exercises to develop power are used by
sportsmen and sportswomen from myriad sports with success. But can they be applied to football
and combined with traditional approaches?
L'IJSS - Italian Journal of Sport Sciences si colloca solidamente nello spazio delle iniziative editoriali per la promozione e la diffusione dei gruppi scientifici italiani operanti nella realtà delle scienze motorie e sportive.
http://www.calzetti-mariucci.it/shop/prodotti/ijss-italian-journal-of-sport-sciences
See how the Ammo bat Speed system increased the bat speed of an entire high school varsity team an average of 10 MPH in 6 weeks using overload under-load training technology. Visit http://ammobats.com for more information
Effect of plyometric training on sand versus grass on muscle soreness and jum...Fernando Farias
The lower impact on the musculoskeletal
system induced by plyometric exercise on sand compared
to a firm surface might be useful to reduce the stress of
intensified training periods or during rehabilitation from
injury. The aim of this study was to compare the effects
of plyometric training on sand versus a grass surface on
muscle soreness, vertical jump height and sprinting ability
Effect of plyometric training on sand versus grass on muscle soreness and jum...Fernando Farias
Plyometric training on sand improved both
jumping and sprinting ability and induced less muscle
soreness. A grass surface seems to be superior in
enhancing CMJ performance while the sand surface
showed a greater improvement in SJ. Therefore,
plyometric training on different surfaces may be
associated with different training-induced effects on some
neuromuscular factors related to the efficiency of the
stretch-shortening cycle.
Effect of plyometric training on sand versus grass on muscle soreness and jum...
Sss poster
1. OnTheGo Racing-Placement
Hamish Wise – u3036809
National Institute of Sport Studies, Faculty of Health, University of Canberra and OnTheGo Racing
Coaching@onthegosports.com.au
Introduction
Training Programs
OnTheGo Racing is an organisation that consists of
mountain biker riders, triathletes and runners. My
placement was with the mountain bike team. Following
talks with my supervisor (Nathan Spencer), I noticed a
gap in the structure of mountain bike (MTB) training, and
suggested that this is where I could assist.
In my placement, I took on several athletes. These
athletes were given an “Athlete Profile Questionnaire”.
Once this was filled out, each athlete received a training
program with volumes and intensities mapped out for
the season focusing on one event to peak for.
Another part of the placement, I explained to Nathan, I
have the ability to look at a sports movement and use a
program (dartfish) to do a proper biomechanical break
down of the athletes bike set up.
Unfortunately, there have been very few studies on MTB
as a sport. It would have been great to look at studies
done on the most effective way to train MTB athletes,
and gym programs, nutrition and recovery techniques.
These training programs were based around a 20 week
macrocycle consisting of three mesocycles roughly
six/seven weeks each. In each cycle, the aim was to
increase both volume and/or intensity from week to
week. At the end of each cycle, the athlete had an
adaptation week to allow the body to recover from the
building work loads. This was done to avoid injury and
allow further progression.
The first cycle aimed at building the athletes aerobic
base, with large volume in the training program (more
kms). The second cycle was aimed at introducing
higher intensity levels into the program, with
previously trained volumes. This cycle had a “mixed”
focus. The third cycle, after a well established aerobic
base, was purely to increase the ability of the athlete to
work at higher intensities for longer periods of time,
this was done so that when the athlete is climbing a
steep hill, or the race has a close finish, they are
prepared. One of the athletes programs is shown in
figure 2, figure 3 graphs volumes compared to
intensities. These programs also included gym and
what exercises/reps/sets athletes should be doing.
Age
Race Distance
Injuries
Short term goals
Long term goals
Nutrition (pre/during/post
race)
Recovery
Cross-training/gym work
WEEK
June
CYCLE
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
July
August
September
OCTOBER
A biomechanical evaluation was done on each of the
Enduro riders to determine how energy efficient their
bike set up was when riding. There were no studies
discussing the optimum cycling position for energy
conservation.
Jason English, current 24hour solo MTB world champion
was analysed using dartfish software, then this
information was used to compare certain angles of OTG
riders. A side and front view was taken and stickers were
placed on anatomic landmarks whilst the athletes wore
black compression garments. Main things analysed were
the angles of the knee through the range of movement,
the hip angle, the knee angle from the front at full
flexion/extension and elbow angle. Angles are shown in
the results section.
EVENT
Results
TT
AEROBIC FOCUS
INTENSTY FOCUS
MIXED
TAPER
ADAPTATION
Time Trial
Race
TT
ADATION
TT
TT
ADAPTION
TT
TT
WEMBO
Figure 2. Example of an athletes training program showing where time trials
occur. The legend shows what each colour represents.
Week-Week: Volume vs Intensity
10
9
The chart below shows the results of the three athletes
that completed all the time trials in accordance with
their training programs. Results showed that all
athletes improved in the OnTheGo Loop, but athletes
responded differently to the intensities and volumes in
the training work load and improved at different
stages. On average, athletes improved my 67.8
seconds, with a standard deviation of 35.6 seconds.
1
4
2
3
5
6
7
Displayed above are the analysed angles of Jason English.
Pictures 1,2 and 3 show the knee and ankle joints in the
pushing phase from flexion to extension. Picture 4 shows the
angle of the hip from the shoulder to the knee, also the side
view of the elbow, where as number 5 shows the front view
of the elbow. The pictures 6 and 7 show the front-on view of
the knee, showing if it turns in or out. Using these finding, we
were able to make important changes to the set up of our
riders bikes, in one instance, even had to look at changing
bikes. Typical changes made were to the seat: slightly
higher/lower to increase/reduce knee extension, or to
include plantar flexion, more elbow bend and bringing the
seat forward or back. Athletes reported feeling more
comfortable and a lower perceived level of exertion. Future
endurance riders that will be a part of OnTheGo Racing will
have a biomechanical breakdown and adjustments will be
made. In future, it would be good to get a shorter distance
elite MTB racer on file to accommodate for the OnTheGo
Racers that specialise in shorter distances. It would be good
also to help out in with the triathletes cycling positions and
running gaits as I continue my work with OnTheGo Racing .
8
7
Conclusion
56
6
5
4
Volume
3
Intensity
2
1
0
Figure 1: main information sourced from the athlete profile document
Biomechanical Evaluation
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Week
Figure 3. Training program week to week, volume against intensity
Time recorded (minutes: seconds)
The athlete profile was a two page document used to find
out important information about the athlete. Figure 1
shows key points attained from the athletes. The profile
allowed a program to be constructed with better
knowledge of of the athlete’s history.
MONTH
Rating
Athlete Profile
Time trials were held on a Sunday morning every 2-3
weeks (depending on where in the cycle they were up to).
This was a 27 km course mapped on Mt Stromlo that
combined inclines, declines, technical segments and steep
fire trails. Now known as the OnTheGo Loop, the athletes
will continue to do these time trials. Results from these
are shown in figure 4.
55
54
53
52
51
1
50
2
49
3
48
47
46
Jun-30
Jul-14
Aug-04
Aug-18
Date of TT
Sep-01
Sep-15
Figure 4. Time Trial results
Athletes will react differently to the various training demands
placed upon them. MTB riders need more structure to their
programs to help increase performance. Riding efficiency can
be improved with some simple adjustments.
Acknowledgements
Thanks to OnTheGo Racing for the opportunity to further my
skills working in a sporting organisation. Thanks to Jason for
kindly giving up his time. Also, thanks to the University of
Canberra for allowing access to the technology to complete the
study.
CRICOS #00212K