устное вычитание и сложение двузначных чисел с переходом через десяток
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Seminar on carcinoma penis
This seminar discusses carcinoma penis. Dr. A.I. Mazumder is the moderator and Dr. Biswajit Deka is the presenter. Carcinoma penis is uncommon but psychologically devastating when diagnosed. It is important to differentiate between benign, premalignant, and malignant conditions. Metastasis often occurs if diagnosis or treatment is delayed and can be lethal. The cancer typically spreads slowly at first and may not cause symptoms, allowing it to progress before being found.
MCC 2011 - Slide 19
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Esempio di prova invalsi di matematica per scuola secondaria di secondo grado
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Balanoposthitis is inflammation of the glans penis and foreskin seen in uncircumcised males. It is caused by infections like Staphylococcus aureus or Candida albicans due to poor hygiene or conditions like diabetes. Symptoms include redness, soreness, irritation, rashes and abnormal discharge. Diagnosis involves tests of discharge and biopsy if needed. Treatment consists of antifungals for candida, antibiotics for bacteria, and steroids for inflammation. For severe cases, circumcision may be required to prevent complications like scarring or phimosis.
Recommended
Seminar on carcinoma penis
This seminar discusses carcinoma penis. Dr. A.I. Mazumder is the moderator and Dr. Biswajit Deka is the presenter. Carcinoma penis is uncommon but psychologically devastating when diagnosed. It is important to differentiate between benign, premalignant, and malignant conditions. Metastasis often occurs if diagnosis or treatment is delayed and can be lethal. The cancer typically spreads slowly at first and may not cause symptoms, allowing it to progress before being found.
MCC 2011 - Slide 19
- Anastomotic leakage is a dangerous surgical complication that increases mortality and morbidity. It occurs when there is a defect in the intestinal wall at the site of bowel reconnection that allows internal and external bowel contents to mix.
- Risk factors include patient characteristics like age and comorbidities, neoadjuvant treatments, surgical factors like emergency surgery or surgeon experience, and technical aspects of the anastomosis.
- Preventive measures include temporary stomas, but leakage risk can't be eliminated. Early detection through close postoperative monitoring and imaging is important, as early treatment improves outcomes. Treatment depends on the severity but may include drainage, resection and reanastomosis or stoma formation.
Fibroadenosis
Fibroadenosis is a common benign breast condition in women ages 25-35 that results from aberrations in the normal development and involution of breast tissue influenced by changes in sex hormones over the menstrual cycle. It presents with breast pain and lumps and is characterized by fibrosis, adenosis, epitheliosis and cyst formation seen on biopsy. Investigations like mammogram, ultrasound, FNAC and biopsy are used to diagnose fibroadenosis which generally has no significant risk of malignancy except in the case of atypical ductal hyperplasia.
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This document discusses renal cell carcinoma in a 55-year-old male factory worker presenting with hematuria, loin pain, and a loin mass. It describes the patient's investigations, pathology findings of clear cell renal cell carcinoma, staging according to AJCC TNM classification, and treatment options including radical or partial nephrectomy depending on tumor size and extent. The prognosis is outlined with 5-year survival rates ranging from 65% for stage 1-2 disease to 10% for stage 4 metastatic renal cell carcinoma.
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it emphasizes the different types of colectomies, anatomy of colon, and principles of laparoscopic colectomy
Esempio di prova invalsi di matematica per scuola secondaria di secondo grado
Un esempio di prova INVALSI per il secondo anno di scuola superiore (scuola secondaria di II grado)
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A medical student is presented with a case involving recurrent infections in a child. To determine the likely cause, the student must use an ABCD approach: (1) note the types of infections; (2) identify the deficient immune component based on infection patterns; (3) classify the condition into one of the main immunodeficiency groups; and (4) differentiate it from similar conditions. Key facts to remember include distinguishing features of specific immunodeficiencies like SCID versus DiGeorge syndrome, inheritance patterns of conditions like Chediak-Higashi, and organisms associated with different immune defects.
Balanoposthitis
Balanoposthitis is inflammation of the glans penis and foreskin seen in uncircumcised males. It is caused by infections like Staphylococcus aureus or Candida albicans due to poor hygiene or conditions like diabetes. Symptoms include redness, soreness, irritation, rashes and abnormal discharge. Diagnosis involves tests of discharge and biopsy if needed. Treatment consists of antifungals for candida, antibiotics for bacteria, and steroids for inflammation. For severe cases, circumcision may be required to prevent complications like scarring or phimosis.
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This document provides an overview of genitourinary trauma, including injuries to the upper urinary tract (kidneys and ureters), lower urinary tract (bladder and urethra), and external genitalia. It discusses the etiology, clinical findings, imaging, and management of renal injuries, which are the most common genitourinary injuries. The staging of renal trauma and indications for operative versus nonoperative management are outlined. Surgical techniques for renal exploration, reconstruction, and nephrectomy are also reviewed.
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In acute IEP, collections that do not have an enhancing capsule are called APFCs; after development of a capsule, they are referred to as
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In necrotizing pancreatitis,a collection without an enhancing capsule is called an ANC (usually in the first 4 weeks) and thereafter a WON, which has an enhancing capsule.
The most important distinction between collections in necrotizing pancreatitis and those associated with acute IEP is the presence of nonliquefied material in collections due to necrotizing pancreatitis.
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Inflammatory bowel disease is caused by inappropriate activation of the immune system in response to normal gut bacteria. The two main types are Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. Crohn's disease can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract and often involves transmural inflammation. Ulcerative colitis only involves the colon and rectum in a continuous manner. Both have a genetic component and involve defects in the epithelial barrier and immune response to gut microbiota. Common symptoms include abdominal pain, diarrhea, and weight loss.
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A 50-year-old heavy smoker presented with painless hematuria. Evaluation revealed bladder cancer risks including smoking history and hematuria. Cystoscopy and biopsy were recommended to determine tumor histology, location, and stage. Treatment and prognosis depend on tumor stage - non-muscle invasive tumors carry a good prognosis and can be treated with transurethral resection, while muscle invasive or metastatic tumors require more aggressive treatment such as urinary diversion and carry a worse prognosis.
Damage control Surgery
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This document discusses necrotizing soft tissue infections (NSTI), which are characterized by rapidly progressive necrosis of subcutaneous tissue, fascia, or muscle. NSTIs are classified as fasciitis or myositis based on the affected tissue layer. The document outlines the differences between NSTI, cellulitis, and abscesses. It describes the types, presentations, risk factors, investigations, scoring systems, and treatment approaches for NSTI. Early and aggressive surgical debridement combined with broad-spectrum antibiotics is critical to reduce mortality from these severe infections.
Post operative adhesions and management
Adhesions are fibrous bands that form as a result of injury to the peritoneum during surgery and can constrict organs, potentially leading to bowel obstruction. While most adhesions are asymptomatic, they can cause problems from the second week after surgery to years later. Adhesiolysis is surgery to remove or divide adhesions in order to restore normal anatomy and function and relieve painful symptoms.
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Mirizzi syndrome ppt
Mirizzi syndrome is a rare complication of long-standing gallstone disease that results in external compression or fistulization of the common hepatic duct by an impacted gallstone in the cystic duct or gallbladder. It occurs in 0.3-5.7% of cholecystectomy patients. Treatment depends on the classification type but may include subtotal cholecystectomy, fistula repair, or hepaticojejunostomy. Precise preoperative diagnosis is difficult but helps minimize complications like bile duct injuries during surgery for this condition with distorted anatomy.
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Cystic diseases of liver includes pyogenic . amoebic and the hydatid diseases
This document discusses cystic diseases of the liver, classifying them into infectious, congenital, neoplastic, and traumatic hepatic cysts. It focuses on infectious cysts including pyogenic liver abscess, amebic liver abscess, and hydatid cyst of the liver. For each condition, it covers epidemiology, etiology, pathology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, treatment including antibiotics, drainage and surgery, and complications. Surgical drainage is currently reserved for patients that have failed nonoperative therapy or those with multiple macroscopic abscesses.
Revised Atlanta classification of Acute Pancreatitis
The most important change in Atlanta classification is the categorization of the various pancreatic collections.
In acute IEP, collections that do not have an enhancing capsule are called APFCs; after development of a capsule, they are referred to as
pseudocysts
In necrotizing pancreatitis,a collection without an enhancing capsule is called an ANC (usually in the first 4 weeks) and thereafter a WON, which has an enhancing capsule.
The most important distinction between collections in necrotizing pancreatitis and those associated with acute IEP is the presence of nonliquefied material in collections due to necrotizing pancreatitis.
LIVER ABSCESS.pptx
Pyogenic and amoebic liver abscesses are the two most common types of liver abscess. Pyogenic abscesses are usually caused by bacteria spreading from gastrointestinal or biliary infections, while amoebic abscesses are caused by the parasite Entamoeba histolytica. Common symptoms include fever, right upper quadrant pain, and hepatomegaly. Investigations include blood tests, ultrasound, and CT scan. Treatment involves antibiotics for pyogenic abscesses and metronidazole for amoebic abscesses. Percutaneous drainage under imaging guidance is the primary treatment, while surgery is rarely needed.
CBD Stones Technical Challenges
CBDSs are one of the medical conditions leading to surgical intervention. They may occur in 3%–14.7% of all patients for whom cholecystectomies are preformed. When patients present with CBD, the one important question that should be answered: what is the best modality of treatment under the giving conditions? There are competing technologies and approaches for diagnosing CBDS with regard to diagnostic performance characteristics, technical success, safety, and cost effectiveness. Management of CBDS usually requires two separate teams: the gastroenterologist and the surgical team. One of the main factors in the management is initially the detection of CBDS, before, during, or after cholecystectomy. The main options for treatment are pre- or postoperative ERCP with endoscopic biliary sphincterotomy (EST), laparoscopic or open surgical bile duct clearance. There are other options for the treat- ment of CBDS such as electrohydraulic lithotripsy (EHL), extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (ESWL), dissolving solutions, and laser lithotripsy. It is unlikely that one option
will be appropriate for all clinical circumstances in all centers. Variables such as disease status, patient demographics, availability of endoscopic, radiological and surgical expertise, and healthcare economics will all have significant influence on practice
Chronic pancreatitis
Chronic pancreatitis is an inflammatory condition of the pancreas characterized by irreversible morphological changes and loss of function. It can be classified based on anatomical and pathological features. The disease has various etiologies including genetic mutations, metabolic factors like alcohol use, and autoimmune causes. Presentation involves recurrent abdominal pain and symptoms of exocrine and endocrine insufficiency. Diagnosis relies on imaging like CT, MRI, and EUS along with functional testing. Treatment aims to manage pain, prevent complications, and rehabilitate any malnutrition or addiction issues. Surgical options depend on the location and extent of disease, and involve drainage procedures or resections of the pancreatic head or other regions to relieve symptoms.
Acute gi b leed (revised) (p) copy
Upper gastrointestinal bleeding is a common medical condition that requires prompt assessment and treatment. Key steps in evaluation include determining hemodynamic stability, performing nasogastric aspiration to identify the source and activity of bleeding, and endoscopy within 24 hours of presentation to identify the cause and risk stratify patients. Resuscitation focuses on restoring circulating volume through blood transfusions and intravenous fluids while controlling active bleeding endoscopically. Risk stratification scores like Rockall and Blatchford are used to determine patient disposition and guide management.
Tuberculosis Abdomen
Abdominal tuberculosis is a common form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis that can affect the gastrointestinal tract, peritoneum, lymph nodes, and solid organs in the abdomen. It is caused by infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis through ingestion of infected materials or hematogenous spread from other sites. Clinical manifestations vary depending on the involved sites but may include abdominal pain, diarrhea, fever, and weight loss. Diagnosis involves imaging tests like CT scans and laparoscopy along with biopsy and culture of affected tissues. Treatment consists of a standard 6-month antitubercular drug regimen, with monitoring for side effects like hepatotoxicity. Surgery is reserved for complications like perforation or obstruction.
Small and large intestine pathology
The document discusses several congenital and acquired abnormalities of the small and large intestines. It describes Meckel's diverticulum, Hirschsprung's disease, infectious enterocolitis including rotavirus, and necrotizing enterocolitis in neonates. It also discusses malabsorption syndromes such as celiac disease, tropical sprue, and Whipple's disease. Inflammatory bowel diseases like Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis are compared. Other topics covered include intestinal obstruction, intestinal ischemia, hemorrhoids, diverticular disease, and intestinal neoplasms.
IBD
Inflammatory bowel disease is caused by inappropriate activation of the immune system in response to normal gut bacteria. The two main types are Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. Crohn's disease can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract and often involves transmural inflammation. Ulcerative colitis only involves the colon and rectum in a continuous manner. Both have a genetic component and involve defects in the epithelial barrier and immune response to gut microbiota. Common symptoms include abdominal pain, diarrhea, and weight loss.
Approach and Management of Cholangitis.pptx
This is a slide on approach and mangement of cholangitis which is a surgical emergency, this slide is based on the Tokyo guideline - 2018 and has references from sabiston text book of surgery
Carcinoma penis
This document summarizes carcinoma of the penis, including its risk factors, presentation, diagnosis, staging, treatment, and prognosis. It originates most commonly from the inner foreskin or glans in men around age 58. Over 90% of cases are squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Risk factors include phimosis, HPV infection, smoking, and lack of circumcision. Diagnosis involves examination and biopsy. Staging uses the TNM system, with higher T and N stages associated with worse prognosis. Treatment aims to balance cancer control with quality of life impacts like sexual and urinary dysfunction. Prevention focuses on education, circumcision, HPV vaccination, and smoking cessation.
Bladder cancer
A 50-year-old heavy smoker presented with painless hematuria. Evaluation revealed bladder cancer risks including smoking history and hematuria. Cystoscopy and biopsy were recommended to determine tumor histology, location, and stage. Treatment and prognosis depend on tumor stage - non-muscle invasive tumors carry a good prognosis and can be treated with transurethral resection, while muscle invasive or metastatic tumors require more aggressive treatment such as urinary diversion and carry a worse prognosis.
Damage control Surgery
Damage control surgery (DCS) is a strategy that prioritizes physiological recovery over anatomical repair for critically injured patients. It follows a four phase approach: DC0 involves damage control resuscitation in the field and emergency room; DC1 is concurrent resuscitation and surgery to control hemorrhage through packing and temporary closure; DC2 focuses on intensive care stabilization and reversal of acidosis, hypothermia and coagulopathy; DC3 performs definitive repair once physiology is normalized within 24-36 hours. DCS indications include massive transfusion, severe acidosis, hypothermia, long operative times, coagulopathy and high lactate levels.
hepatocellular carcinoma
Hepatocellular carcinoma is a primary malignancy of the liver that is now the third leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide. Chronic hepatitis B or C infection and cirrhosis are major risk factors. Treatment options include surgical resection, liver transplantation, radiofrequency ablation, transarterial chemoembolization, and systemic therapies, with resection and transplantation offering the best outcomes for eligible patients with early-stage disease. However, hepatocellular carcinoma commonly recurs within 2 years despite treatment.
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NECROTISING SOFT TISSUE INFECTION- Dr. Kiran Kumar G.
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Cystic diseases of liver includes pyogenic . amoebic and the hydatid diseases
Revised Atlanta classification of Acute Pancreatitis
Revised Atlanta classification of Acute Pancreatitis
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устное вычитание и сложение двузначных чисел с переходом через десяток
- 1. Устное сложение с переходом через десяток 28 + 59 = 20 8 50 9 20 + 50 = 70 8 + 9 = 17 70 + 17 = 87 87
- 2. Устное сложение с переходом через разряд 35 + 48 = 30 + 5 + 40 + 8 = 70 + 13 = 83 63 + 27 = 37 + 46 = 54 + 17 = 73 + 19 = 69 + 45 = 60 + 3 + 20 + 7 = 80 + 10 = 90 30 + 7 + 40 + 6 = 70 + 13 = 83 50 + 4 + 10 + 7 = 60 + 11 = 71 70 + 3 + 10 + 9 = 80 + 12 = 92 60 + 9 + 40 + 5 = 100 + 14 = 114
- 3. Устное сложение с переходом через разряд 1. Объясни решение примера. 38 + 4 = 30 + 8 + 4 = 30 + 12 = 42 2. Реши примеры объяснив устно решение. 65 + 8 = 41 + 20 = 48 + 9 = 77 + 30 = ( ) 60 + 5 + 8 = 60 + 13 = 73 40 + 1 + 20 = 60 + 1 = 61 40 + 8 + 9 = 40 + 17 = 57 70 + 7 + 30 = 100+ 7 = 107
- 4. Устное сложение с переходом через разряд 1. Объясни решение примера. 76 + 4 = 70 + 6 + 4 = 70 + 10 = 80 2. Реши примеры. 66 + 4 = 87 + 3 = 98 + 2 = 54 + 6 = 41 + 9 = 77 + 3 = 32 + 8 = 79 + 1 = 99 + 1 = 70 60 40 90 50 80 100 80 100
- 5. Устное сложение с переходом через разряд 1. Объясни решение примера. 38 + 52 = 30 + 8 + 50 + 2 = 80 + 10 = 90 2. Реши примеры. 59 + 11 = 63 + 17 = 44 + 26 = 28 + 22 = 55 + 25 = 82 + 18 = 34 + 56 = 73 + 17 = 91 + 9 = 70 50 90 80 80 90 70 100 100
- 6. Устное вычитание с переходом через разряд 40 – 8 = 60 – 5 = 30 10 50 10 10 – 8 = 2 10 – 5 = 5 30 + 2 = 32 50 + 5 = 55 1. Выполнить вычитание с объяснением. 70 – 6 = 80 – 5 = 40 – 2 = 90 – 8 = 50 – 3 = 60 – 4 = 32 55 64 82 75 47 38 56
- 7. Устное вычитание с переходом через разряд 53 – 8 = 53 – 8 = 40 13 3 5 13 – 8 = 5 53 – 3 = 50 40 + 5 = 45 50 – 5 = 45 1. Выполни вычитание с объяснением. 65 – 9 = 37 – 8 = 53 – 6 = 71 – 5 = 92 – 5 = 84 – 7 = 45 45 56 66 29 87 47 77
- 8. Устное вычитание с переходом через разряд 84 – 29 = 72 – 38 = 20 9 30 8 84 – 20 = 64 72 – 30 = 42 64 – 9 = 55 42 – 8 = 36 1. Выполни вычитание с объяснением. 68 – 39 = 53 – 27 = 43 – 34 = 71 – 15 = 84 – 28 = 32 – 17 = 29 56 26 56 9 15
- 9. Устное вычитание с переходом через разряд 50 – 34 = 60 – 26 = 30 4 20 6 50 – 30 = 20 60 – 20 = 40 20 – 4 = 16 40 – 6 = 34 1. Выполни вычитание с объяснением. 70 – 32 = 90 – 45 = 80 – 19 = 50 – 24 = 40 – 11 = 100 – 59 = 16 34 38 26 45 29 61 41