This document provides information about Python data types including tuples, sets, and dictionaries. It defines tuples as immutable lists that can be converted from and to lists using tuple() and list(). It describes sets as unordered collections of unique elements and set operations like union, intersection, and difference. Finally, it discusses dictionaries as unordered collections of key-value pairs that allow looking up values by key. It also covers dictionary methods for accessing items, keys, and values as well as adding, removing, and clearing items.

1. PYTHON FOR ETHICAL HACKERS
Mohammad reza Kamalifard

2. Python Language Essentials
Part 3 :
Data Types: Tuple, Sets, Dictionaries

3. Tuples
• Tuples are similar to list but immutable
• Can Convert from list to tuple and vice versa
• tuple(list)
• list(tuple)
>>>my_tuple = ('reza', 1362, 22, 'aban')
>>>my_tuple
('reza', 1362, 22, 'aban')
>>> my_tuple[2]
22
>>> my_tuple[2] = 14
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<pyshell#7>", line 1, in <module>
my_tuple[2] = 14
TypeError: 'tuple' object does not support item assignment
>>>

4. Tuples
>>> post_data = tuple(['PYSEC101', 25, 100, 3])
>>> video_data
('PYSEC101', 25, 100, 3)
>>>
sequence unpacking
>>> post_name, view, comments, upvotes = post_data
>>> post_name
'PYSEC101'
>>>
>>> view
25
>>> comments
100
>>> upvotes
3

5. Sets
• Unordered collection of unique objects
• List to set : b = set(a)
• Set to list : a = list(b)
• Set Operations
• Union: a | b
• Intersection: a & b
• Difference: a - b

6. Sets
>>> set1 = set([1, 2, 3, 3, 2])
>>> set1
set([1, 2, 3])
>>>
>>> set2 = set(['Hamid', 'Ali', 'Reza', 'Hamid', 'Reza', 2, 5,
2, 1, 3, 5])
>>> set2
set([1, 2, 3, 5, 'Ali', 'Reza', 'Hamid'])
>>>
>>> set3 = set([3, 4, 5])
>>> set3
set([3, 4, 5])

7. Sets
>>> set1 | set3
set([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])
>>>
>>> set1 & set3
set([3])
>>>
>>> set1 - set3
set([1, 2])
>>>
>>> set3 - set1
set([4, 5])

8. Dictionaries
• Unordered key-value pairs
• Keys are unique and immutable objects
• Value can change
• Check if a given key is present
• dict.has_key(key)
• key in dict
{ 'key' : 'value' }
>>>my_dic1 = {}
>>>my_dic1['name'] = 'reza'
{'name': 'reza'}
>>> my_dic2 = {'name' : 'reza', 'age' : 23}
>>> my_dic2
{'age': 23, 'name': 'reza'}

9. Dictionaries
>>> user = {'name': 'reza', 'age': 23, 'from': 'Iran'}
>>> user
{'age': 23, 'from': 'Iran', 'name': 'reza'}
>>>
>>> user.has_key('name')
True
>>> user.has_key('hobby')
False
>>> 'name' in user
True
>>> 'Iran' in user
False

10. Dictionaries
• Get tuple of items : dict.items()
• Get list of keys : dict.keys()
• Get list of values : dict.values()
• Get a particular item : dict.get(key)

11. Dictionaries
>>> user.keys()
['age', 'from', 'name']
>>> user.values()
[23, 'Iran', 'reza']
>>> user.items()
[('age', 23), ('from', 'Iran'), ('name', 'reza')]
>>>
>>> user.get('age')
23
>>> user['age']
23
• Item deletion:
• All item : dict.clear()
• one item: del dict[key]

12. Dictionaries
Add new Value
>>> user['Fav_Site'] = 'Twitter.com'
>>> user
{'age': 23, 'from': 'Iran', 'name': 'reza', 'Fav_Site':
'Twitter.com'}
>>>
Delete an item
>>> del user['Fav_Site']
>>> user
{'age': 23, 'from': 'Iran', 'name': 'reza'}
>>>
>>> user.clear()
>>> user
{}
>>>

13. Getting Help
• Getting Help on Methods and etc.
• dir() : lists all attributes
• help(string.replace) – list method help

14. dir()
>>> name = 'reza'
>>> dir(name)
['__add__', '__class__', '__contains__', '__delattr__',
'__doc__', '__eq__', '__format__', '__ge__', '__getattribute__',
'__getitem__', '__getnewargs__', '__getslice__', '__gt__',
'__hash__', '__init__', '__le__', '__len__', '__lt__',
'__mod__', '__mul__', '__ne__', '__new__', '__reduce__',
'__reduce_ex__', '__repr__', '__rmod__', '__rmul__',
'__setattr__', '__sizeof__', '__str__', '__subclasshook__',
'_formatter_field_name_split', '_formatter_parser',
'capitalize', 'center', 'count', 'decode', 'encode', 'endswith',
'expandtabs', 'find', 'format', 'index', 'isalnum', 'isalpha',
'isdigit', 'islower', 'isspace', 'istitle', 'isupper', 'join',
'ljust', 'lower', 'lstrip', 'partition', 'replace', 'rfind',
'rindex', 'rjust', 'rpartition', 'rsplit', 'rstrip', 'split',
'splitlines', 'startswith', 'strip', 'swapcase', 'title',
'translate', 'upper', 'zfill']
>>>

15. help()
• Help on built-in function replace:
• help(name.replace)
replace(...)
S.replace(old, new[, count]) -> string
Return a copy of string S with all occurrences of substring
old replaced by new. If the optional argument count is
given, only the first count occurrences are replaced.
(END)

16. References
• Data model — Python v2.7.5 documentation
• http://docs.python.org/2/reference/datamodel.html#objects-values-and-types
• PEP 8 -- Style Guide for Python Code
• http://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0008/
THIS IS A COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL
©2013 Mohammad Reza Kamalifard.
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

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•‫کنید‬ ‫معرفی‬ ‫رو‬ ‫دوره‬ ‫هم‬ ‫دوستانتون‬ ‫به‬ ‫لطفا‬ ‫دونین‬ ‫می‬ ‫مفید‬ ‫رو‬ ‫دوره‬ ‫این‬ ‫اگر‬.
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