This document provides an overview of operationalizing machine learning with Splunk. It discusses why machine learning is needed given that data is constantly changing. It then defines machine learning and describes the typical workflow of exploring data, fitting models, applying models in production, and continuously validating models. Examples of using machine learning for IT operations, security, and business analytics are presented. The document concludes by describing how Splunk's machine learning toolkit and apps can be used to operationalize machine learning models.

1. Copyright © 2016 Splunk Inc.
Operationalizing
Machine Learning
Pierre Brunel
Senior Sales Engineer
Splunk, Inc.

2. Disclaimer
During the course of this presentation, we may make forward looking statements regarding future events
or the expected performance of the company. We caution you that such statements reflect our current
expectations and estimates based on factors currently known to us and that actual events or results
could differ materially. For important factors that may cause actual results to differ from those contained
in our forward-looking statements, please review our filings with the SEC. The forward-looking
statements made in the this presentation are being made as of the time and date of its live presentation.
If reviewed after its live presentation, this presentation may not contain current or accurate information.
We do not assume any obligation to update any forward looking statements we may make.
In addition, any information about our roadmap outlines our general product direction and is subject to
change at any time without notice. It is for informational purposes only and shall not, be incorporated
into any contract or other commitment. Splunk undertakes no obligation either to develop the features
or functionality described or to include any such feature or functionality in a future release.

3. Copyright © 2016 Splunk Inc.
Why do we need ML?

4. Copyright © 2016 Splunk Inc.
Historical Data Real-time Data Statistical Models
DB, HDFS, NoSQL, Splunk, etc Machine Learning
T – a few days T + a few days
Why is this so challenging using traditional methods?
• DATA IS STILL IN MOTION, still in a BUSINESS PROCESS.
• Enrich real-time MACHINE DATA with structured HISTORICAL DATA
• Make decisions IN REAL TIME using ALL THE DATA
Splunk
Security Operations Center
Network Operations Center
Business Operations Center

5. Copyright © 2016 Splunk Inc.
What is ML?

6. ML 101: What is it?
• Machine Learning (ML) is a process for generalizing from examples
– Examples = example or “training” data
– Generalizing = building “statistical models” to capture correlations
– Process = ML is never done, you must keep validating & refitting models
• Simple ML workflow:
– Explore data
– FIT models based on data
– APPLY models in production
– Keep validating models
“All models are wrong, but some are useful.”
- George Box

7. 3 Types of Machine Learning
1. Supervised Learning: generalizing from labeled data

8. 3 Types of Machine Learning
2. Unsupervised Learning: generalizing from unlabeled data
Clustering

9. 3 Types of Machine Learning
3. Reinforcement Learning: generalizing from rewards in time

10. Copyright © 2016 Splunk Inc.
ML Use Cases

11. IT Ops: Predictive Maintenance
1. Get resource usage data (CPU, latency, outage reports)
2. Explore data, and fit predictive models on past / real-time data
3. Apply & validate models until predictions are accurate
4. Forecast resource saturation, demand & usage
5. Surface incidents to IT Ops, who INVESTIGATES & ACTS
Problem: Network outages and truck rolls cause big time & money expense
Solution: Build predictive model to forecast outage scenarios, act pre-emptively & learn

12. Security: Find Insider Threats
Problem: Security breaches cause big time & money expense
Solution: Build predictive model to forecast threat scenarios, act pre-emptively & learn
1. Get security data (data transfers, authentication, incidents)
2. Explore data, and fit predictive models on past / real-time data
3. Apply & validate models until predictions are accurate
4. Forecast abnormal behavior, risk scores & notable events
5. Surface incidents to Security Ops, who INVESTIGATES & ACTS

13. Business Analytics: Predict Customer Churn
Problem: Customer churn causes big time & money expense
Solution: Build predictive model to forecast possible churn, act pre-emptively & learn
1. Get customer data (set-top boxes, web logs, transaction history)
2. Explore data, and fit predictive models on past / real-time data
3. Apply & validate models until predictions are accurate
4. Identify customers likely to churn
5. Surface incidents to Business Ops, who INVESTIGATES & ACTS

14. Summary: The ML Process
Problem: <Stuff in the world> causes big time & money expense
Solution: Build predictive model to forecast <possible incidents>, act pre-emptively & learn
1. Get all relevant data to problem
2. Explore data, and fit predictive models on past / real-time data
3. Apply & validate models until predictions are accurate
4. Forecast KPIs & metrics associated to use case
5. Surface incidents to X Ops, who INVESTIGATES & ACTS
Operationalize

15. Copyright © 2016 Splunk Inc.
How do we do ML
with Splunk?

16. Analysts Business Users
1. Get Data & Find Decision-Makers!
18
IT Users
ODBC
SDK
API
DB Connect
Look-Ups
Ad Hoc
Search
Monitor
and Alert
Reports /
Analyze
Custom
Dashboards
GPS /
Cellular
Devices Networks Hadoop
Servers Applications Online
Shopping Carts
Analysts Business Users
Structured Data Sources
CRM ERP HR Billing Product Finance
Data Warehouse
Clickstreams

17. 2. Explore Data, Build Searches & Dashboards
• Start with the Exploratory Data Analysis phase
– “80% of data science is sourcing, cleaning, and preparing the data”
• For each data source, build “data diagnostic” dashboard
– What’s interesting? Throw up some basic charts.
– What’s relevant for this use case?
– Any anomalies? Are thresholds useful?
• Mix data streams & compute aggregates
– Compute KPIs & statistics w/ stats, eventstats, etc.
– Enrich data streams with useful structured data
– stats count by X Y – where X,Y from different sources

18. 3. Get the ML Toolkit & Showcase App
• Leverages Python for Scientific Computing (PSC) add-on:
– Open-source Python data science ecosystem
– NumPy, SciPy, scitkit-learn, pandas, statsmodels
• Showcase use cases: Hard Drive Failure, Server Power consumption,
Server Response Time, Application Usage
• Standard algorithms out of the box:
– Supervised: LogisticRegression, SVM, PCA
– Unsupervised: LinearRegression, KMeans, DBSCAN, SpectralClustering
• Implement one of 300+ algorithms by editing Python scripts

19. 4. Fit, Apply & Validate Models
• ML SPL – New grammar for doing ML in Splunk
• fit – fit models based on training data
– [training data] | fit LinearRegression costly_KPI
from feature1 feature2 feature3 into my_model
• apply – apply models on testing and production data
– [testing/production data] | apply my_model
• Validate Your Model (The Hard Part)
– Why hard? Because statistics is hard! Also: model error ≠ real world risk.
– Analyze residuals, mean-square error, goodness of fit, cross-validate, etc.
– Take Splunk’s Analytics & Data Science Education course

20. 5. Operationalize Your Models
• Remember the ML Process:
1. Get data
2. Explore data & fit models
3. Apply & validate models
4. Forecast KPIs
5. Surface incidents to Ops team
• Then operationalize: feed back Ops analysis to data inputs, repeat
• Lots of hard work & stats, but lots of value will come out.
Operationalize

21. Copyright © 2016 Splunk Inc.
Show me the ML!

22. Sneak Peak Recap: What’s new in GA
• More use cases to explore
• Support added for Search Head Clustering
• Removed 50k limit on model fitting
• Sampling for training/test data
• Guided ML via a ML Assistant aka Model / Query Builder
• Install on 6.4 Search Head

23. Next Steps with Splunk ML
• Reach out to your Tech Team! We can help architect ML workflows.
• Lots of ML commands in Core Splunk (predict, anomalydetection, stats)
• ML Toolkit & Showcase – available and free, ready to use
• Splunk ITSI: Applied ML for ITOA use cases
– Manage 1000s of KPIs & alerts
– Adaptive Thresholding & Anomaly Detection
• Splunk UBA: Applied ML for Security
– Unsupervised learning of Users & Entities
– Surfaces Anomalies & Threats
• ML Customer Advisory Program:
– Connect with Product & Engineering teams - mlprogram@splunk.com

24. Copyright © 2016 Splunk Inc.
• September 26-29, 2016
• The Disney Swan and Dolphin, Orlando
• 5000+ IT & Business Professionals
• 3 days of technical content
• 165+ sessions
• 3 days of Splunk University
• Sept 24-26, 2016
• Get Splunk Certified for FREE!
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• Save thousands on Splunk education!
• 80+ Customer Speakers
• 35+ Apps in Splunk Apps Showcase
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• 1:1 networking: Ask The Experts and
• Security Experts, Birds of a Feather and Chalk Talks
• NEW hands-on labs!
• Expanded show floor, Dashboards Control Room &
Clinic, and MORE!
.conf2016: The 7th Annual
Splunk Worldwide Users’ Conference

25. Copyright © 2016 Splunk Inc.
Thank you!