The document provides instructions for delivering an effective speech. It discusses organizing the topic with a clear outline containing a thesis and supporting points. The introduction should grab attention and state the thesis. Speakers should use movement and vary vocal qualities to engage audiences. Research is important, and the speech should be at the audience's level and cover topics relevant to them. Main points should be backed up with references. The speech should be rewritten and practiced before being delivered with an attention-grabbing beginning and ending.

1. SPEECH AND SHORT
TALK
WEEK ONE ,TWO

2. INSTRUCTIONS TO DELIVERING AN
EFFECTIVE SPEECH
• Organize the topic. Without a clear road down
which to take an audience, the message will get
lost. Once you have a topic and a purpose
(whether that purpose is to inform, persuade or
entertain), the beginning step must be to
organize the information you've gathered into a
good outline. That outline will include a clear
thesis, good points that support the thesis, and
specific stories or other evidence to flesh out
each point

3. • Introduce your speech.
• interact with the audience, develop
credibility on the subject matter and grab the
audience's attention.
Tell the audience why they need to know
about your topic. Then deliver the thesis of
the speech, the overriding theme of what
you'll discuss through your points.

4. • Pay attention to performance.
• Standing at a podium without movement or reading a
speech from note cards does not lead to an effective
speech.
• Use movement to keep the audience's attention, but make
those movements and gestures purposeful.
• Also, alter voice volume, tone, speed and inflection to
emphasize pieces of your speech.
Always be sure your clothing is appropriate for the speech
being given.

5. • Establish a time frame for the speech. Just because you are given 30 minutes to
make the speech, that does not mean you have to take the entire amount of time.
Use only the time needed to deliver a solid presentation.
• Do your research. Even if the speech topic is something with which you are
familiar, do not assume you have all of the answers. Research to bring in new
angles or to update statistics.
• Outline the main points of the speech. As a minimum, an outline should contain
the introduction, body, conclusion and call to action, if appropriate.
• Determine how to open the speech. Consider posing a question, stating a shocking
statistic or citing a famous quote. It is imperative to get the audience's immediate
attention. If you lose them at the beginning, it is often hard to get them back. Do
not forget to thank those who invited you and the audience you are addressing.
• Consider giving a synopsis of the areas you will cover. If this information can be
handed out rather than delivered verbally, that often works better. But if not, it is a
good idea to let the audience know where you are going with your remarks.

6. • Choose verbiage that is at the level of the average audience member. There is
nothing that people hate more than speakers who attempt to speak over their
heads. You will lose them right away and undermine the valuable knowledge you
might have to share.
• Hit points that are important to the audience. For example, if you are delivering a
political speech, speak about the topics that are important to the public at the
time.
• Back up what you say. Never make wild accusations or state statistics that cannot
be verified. Make notes on everything. This will be important in the event that
questions are asked. Always have your references at hand.
• Write, rewrite, and rewrite again if necessary. Practice the speech out loud
between rewrites until you are happy with the way it flows and how you present
it. Consider making notes or cue cards to use during the presentation.
• Wrap up the topic. Again, think about delivering a startling fact, a famous quote or
even a call to action. The end of the speech is just as important as the beginning.

7. How to begin a speech
• *Be dramatic. Say something like, "I'm about to reveal a plan that will
drastically alter the face of humanity as we know it!" when your
presentation is really about a new brand of facial soap.
*Tell a joke. Getting people to laugh will loosen them up and make them
feel inclined to like you and hear what you have to say. Don't try this if
your jokes are usually met by silence or groans. Test out your opening on
your most brutally honest of friends.
*Tell a story. This will make the audience see you as a person instead of a
boring public speaker, thus giving you an air of accessibility. just keep the
story short (under 1 minute) and relevant to the rest of your presentation.
*Pose a question. Asking audience members for their input will make
them feel involved, even if you're going to answer your own question.

8. BODY OF A SPEECH
*Use a formal outline.
• outlining your major points with numerals.
• two or three main points, each of which has a couple of sub-points
or examples.
• Formally outlining your speech will ensure that your logical flow
makes sense and that your audience doesn't get lost.
*Mind-map.. Instead of making a list, you write the main topic of
your speech in the center of a piece of paper, then draw branches
extending from it that highlight your key points..
However you create your body, the key point is that you are
organized. The audience must be able to follow your thoughts.

9. CLOSURE
• The closing-- sum up everything in a few
concise sentences and leave them with a witty
line. If appropriate, also ask for questions.