This document discusses the potential applications of artificial intelligence in space science and planetary defense. It summarizes:
1) The Frontier Development Lab (FDL) is a collaboration between NASA and AI/ML researchers to address challenges in planetary defense, space resources, and other areas. In 2016, 12 researchers worked on 3 problem areas including radar shape modeling.
2) FDL has since expanded, with 24 researchers addressing 5 challenges in 2017, including long period comets and applied AI. Future plans include 28 researchers on 7 problem areas in 2018 such as lunar route planning and solar storm warnings.
3) AI has applications for planetary defense such as identifying meteorites, modeling asteroid shapes from radar images, and selecting
We show how deep learning can be effectively applied to remote sensing. Many problems we faced, solutions we have had discovered were highlighted too. Remotely sensed data, unlike other vision tasks are very challenging and posses extra difficulties. Objects are very small compared to the image size, and even small pixel sizes of 8*10 pixel can contain huge amount of informations.
To the best of our knowledge there is no automated or simi-automated tool that uses deep learning to detect features from satellite imagery.
We show how deep learning can be effectively applied to remote sensing. Many problems we faced, solutions we have had discovered were highlighted too. Remotely sensed data, unlike other vision tasks are very challenging and posses extra difficulties. Objects are very small compared to the image size, and even small pixel sizes of 8*10 pixel can contain huge amount of informations.
To the best of our knowledge there is no automated or simi-automated tool that uses deep learning to detect features from satellite imagery.
American Astronautical Society, Astronauts and Robots: Partners in Space Exploration, May 12-13, 2015 - http://astronautical.org/event/astronauts-robots
Engineers play critical roles in astronomy, from building telescopes, to designing scientific instruments, to operating observatories. Working together, engineers and scientists answer fundamental questions about our universe. In this session, you'll hear from women engineers making contributions to astronomy by developing a new high resolution optical spectrograph, adapting telescope control software for remote operations, architecting document management and managing critical systems for the next generation of telescopes. You will learn about the different engineering disciplines involved in astronomy, key concepts and technologies shaping astronomy today, and how to find job opportunities in astronomy as an engineer.
The Large Interferometer For Exoplanets (LIFE): the science of characterising...Advanced-Concepts-Team
Studying the atmospheres of a statistically significant number of rocky, terrestrial exoplanets - including the search for habitable and potentially inhabited planets - is one of the major goals of exoplanetary science and possibly the most challenging question in 21st century astrophysics. However, despite being at the top of the agenda of all major space agencies and ground-based observatories, none of the currently planned projects or missions worldwide has the technical capabilities to achieve this goal. In this talk we present new results from the LIFE Mission initiative, which addresses this issue by investigating the scientific potential of a mid infrared nulling interferometer observatory. Here we will focus on the mission's yield estimates, our simulator software as well as various exemplary science cases such as observing Earth- and Venus-twins or searching for phosphine in exoplanetary atmospheres.
by the examples of two European research projects JHelioviewer and FLARECAST. Talk given for a Taiwanese delegation at the University of Applied Sciences FHNW, Switzerland.
Efficient data reduction and analysis of DECam images using multicore archite...Roberto Muñoz
A talk I gave in the workshop "Tools for astronomical big data" held in Tucson, Arizona on March 2015. My talk was about how to do data science and big data in Astronomy having a small budget.
The presentation introduces remote sensing technology and how it is used in studying atmospheric aerosols. Remote Sensing technology uses the optical property of aerosols to detect the presence and the type of aerosol. The type or the characteristics of an aerosol is determined by seven factors which are interpreted from the satellite image. The satellite image is retrieved from geosynchronous and polar satellites, of which the latter is preferred for aerosol applications.
In addition, features and terminologies associated with remote sensing, satellite and aerosol optical properties are discussed. This project emphasizes on an interactive material that is best supplemented with lecture video. It is not designed to be conventional lecture slide. Point to note: the question mark appearing in bottom of the slides indicates the author raised a question during the lecture.
This presentation was delivered in coming-of-age lecture style, in contrast to old-school conventional style. This presentation stimulates audiences to think and act than a banal display of abstract data. The lecture videos can be found at:
[1] Part-1/2 (52 minutes): https://youtu.be/-O_mYoeg-us
[2] Part-2/2 (51 minutes): https://youtu.be/IhHHHZYcY0o
This presentation is done as a part of graduate course titled Aerosol Mechanics in Spring 2016. The author was pursuing MS in Environmental Engineering Sciences at University of Florida during the making of this project.
The Singularity: Toward a Post-Human RealityLarry Smarr
06.02.13
Talk to UCSD's Sixth College
Honor's Course on Kurzweil's The Singularity is Near
Title: The Singularity: Toward a Post-Human Reality
La Jolla, CA
by the examples of FLARECAST and jHelioviewer.
Presentation held on the occasion of a Taiwanese delegation visiting the School of Engineering, FHNW Windisch, Switzerland.
André Csillaghy, October 2015
Swells, Soundings, and Sustainability, but "Here be Monsters"Dawn Wright
18th Annual Roger Revelle Commemorative Lecture, National Academy of Sciences Ocean Studies Board, 5:30 – 6:30 p.m. on Friday, April 28, 2017, Baird Auditorium, Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History
From the stick charts of the ancient Marshall Islanders to the SONAR of World War II, humankind continues to devise ways to map the ocean. The newest maps, which are global, 3D, and increasingly intelligent, hold great promise for improving science and decision-making related to our oceans, but “here be monsters” to conquer data challenges. Join Dr. Dawn Wright, chief scientist at the Environmental Systems Research Institute (ESRI) and professor of geography and oceanography at Oregon State University, to learn about the past and present of ocean mapping and what must be done to overcome the challenges of “big data,” “dark data,” and the need to make data more resilient and more accessible to users.
The Roger Revelle Commemorative Lecture is presented by the Ocean Studies Board of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine in cooperation with the Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History. The lecture was created in honor of Dr. Revelle’s contributions to the ocean sciences and his dedication to making scientific knowledge available to policymakers.
DevOps and Testing slides at DASA ConnectKari Kakkonen
My and Rik Marselis slides at 30.5.2024 DASA Connect conference. We discuss about what is testing, then what is agile testing and finally what is Testing in DevOps. Finally we had lovely workshop with the participants trying to find out different ways to think about quality and testing in different parts of the DevOps infinity loop.
American Astronautical Society, Astronauts and Robots: Partners in Space Exploration, May 12-13, 2015 - http://astronautical.org/event/astronauts-robots
Engineers play critical roles in astronomy, from building telescopes, to designing scientific instruments, to operating observatories. Working together, engineers and scientists answer fundamental questions about our universe. In this session, you'll hear from women engineers making contributions to astronomy by developing a new high resolution optical spectrograph, adapting telescope control software for remote operations, architecting document management and managing critical systems for the next generation of telescopes. You will learn about the different engineering disciplines involved in astronomy, key concepts and technologies shaping astronomy today, and how to find job opportunities in astronomy as an engineer.
The Large Interferometer For Exoplanets (LIFE): the science of characterising...Advanced-Concepts-Team
Studying the atmospheres of a statistically significant number of rocky, terrestrial exoplanets - including the search for habitable and potentially inhabited planets - is one of the major goals of exoplanetary science and possibly the most challenging question in 21st century astrophysics. However, despite being at the top of the agenda of all major space agencies and ground-based observatories, none of the currently planned projects or missions worldwide has the technical capabilities to achieve this goal. In this talk we present new results from the LIFE Mission initiative, which addresses this issue by investigating the scientific potential of a mid infrared nulling interferometer observatory. Here we will focus on the mission's yield estimates, our simulator software as well as various exemplary science cases such as observing Earth- and Venus-twins or searching for phosphine in exoplanetary atmospheres.
by the examples of two European research projects JHelioviewer and FLARECAST. Talk given for a Taiwanese delegation at the University of Applied Sciences FHNW, Switzerland.
Efficient data reduction and analysis of DECam images using multicore archite...Roberto Muñoz
A talk I gave in the workshop "Tools for astronomical big data" held in Tucson, Arizona on March 2015. My talk was about how to do data science and big data in Astronomy having a small budget.
The presentation introduces remote sensing technology and how it is used in studying atmospheric aerosols. Remote Sensing technology uses the optical property of aerosols to detect the presence and the type of aerosol. The type or the characteristics of an aerosol is determined by seven factors which are interpreted from the satellite image. The satellite image is retrieved from geosynchronous and polar satellites, of which the latter is preferred for aerosol applications.
In addition, features and terminologies associated with remote sensing, satellite and aerosol optical properties are discussed. This project emphasizes on an interactive material that is best supplemented with lecture video. It is not designed to be conventional lecture slide. Point to note: the question mark appearing in bottom of the slides indicates the author raised a question during the lecture.
This presentation was delivered in coming-of-age lecture style, in contrast to old-school conventional style. This presentation stimulates audiences to think and act than a banal display of abstract data. The lecture videos can be found at:
[1] Part-1/2 (52 minutes): https://youtu.be/-O_mYoeg-us
[2] Part-2/2 (51 minutes): https://youtu.be/IhHHHZYcY0o
This presentation is done as a part of graduate course titled Aerosol Mechanics in Spring 2016. The author was pursuing MS in Environmental Engineering Sciences at University of Florida during the making of this project.
The Singularity: Toward a Post-Human RealityLarry Smarr
06.02.13
Talk to UCSD's Sixth College
Honor's Course on Kurzweil's The Singularity is Near
Title: The Singularity: Toward a Post-Human Reality
La Jolla, CA
by the examples of FLARECAST and jHelioviewer.
Presentation held on the occasion of a Taiwanese delegation visiting the School of Engineering, FHNW Windisch, Switzerland.
André Csillaghy, October 2015
Swells, Soundings, and Sustainability, but "Here be Monsters"Dawn Wright
18th Annual Roger Revelle Commemorative Lecture, National Academy of Sciences Ocean Studies Board, 5:30 – 6:30 p.m. on Friday, April 28, 2017, Baird Auditorium, Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History
From the stick charts of the ancient Marshall Islanders to the SONAR of World War II, humankind continues to devise ways to map the ocean. The newest maps, which are global, 3D, and increasingly intelligent, hold great promise for improving science and decision-making related to our oceans, but “here be monsters” to conquer data challenges. Join Dr. Dawn Wright, chief scientist at the Environmental Systems Research Institute (ESRI) and professor of geography and oceanography at Oregon State University, to learn about the past and present of ocean mapping and what must be done to overcome the challenges of “big data,” “dark data,” and the need to make data more resilient and more accessible to users.
The Roger Revelle Commemorative Lecture is presented by the Ocean Studies Board of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine in cooperation with the Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History. The lecture was created in honor of Dr. Revelle’s contributions to the ocean sciences and his dedication to making scientific knowledge available to policymakers.
DevOps and Testing slides at DASA ConnectKari Kakkonen
My and Rik Marselis slides at 30.5.2024 DASA Connect conference. We discuss about what is testing, then what is agile testing and finally what is Testing in DevOps. Finally we had lovely workshop with the participants trying to find out different ways to think about quality and testing in different parts of the DevOps infinity loop.
Connector Corner: Automate dynamic content and events by pushing a buttonDianaGray10
Here is something new! In our next Connector Corner webinar, we will demonstrate how you can use a single workflow to:
Create a campaign using Mailchimp with merge tags/fields
Send an interactive Slack channel message (using buttons)
Have the message received by managers and peers along with a test email for review
But there’s more:
In a second workflow supporting the same use case, you’ll see:
Your campaign sent to target colleagues for approval
If the “Approve” button is clicked, a Jira/Zendesk ticket is created for the marketing design team
But—if the “Reject” button is pushed, colleagues will be alerted via Slack message
Join us to learn more about this new, human-in-the-loop capability, brought to you by Integration Service connectors.
And...
Speakers:
Akshay Agnihotri, Product Manager
Charlie Greenberg, Host
JMeter webinar - integration with InfluxDB and GrafanaRTTS
Watch this recorded webinar about real-time monitoring of application performance. See how to integrate Apache JMeter, the open-source leader in performance testing, with InfluxDB, the open-source time-series database, and Grafana, the open-source analytics and visualization application.
In this webinar, we will review the benefits of leveraging InfluxDB and Grafana when executing load tests and demonstrate how these tools are used to visualize performance metrics.
Length: 30 minutes
Session Overview
-------------------------------------------
During this webinar, we will cover the following topics while demonstrating the integrations of JMeter, InfluxDB and Grafana:
- What out-of-the-box solutions are available for real-time monitoring JMeter tests?
- What are the benefits of integrating InfluxDB and Grafana into the load testing stack?
- Which features are provided by Grafana?
- Demonstration of InfluxDB and Grafana using a practice web application
To view the webinar recording, go to:
https://www.rttsweb.com/jmeter-integration-webinar
Dev Dives: Train smarter, not harder – active learning and UiPath LLMs for do...UiPathCommunity
💥 Speed, accuracy, and scaling – discover the superpowers of GenAI in action with UiPath Document Understanding and Communications Mining™:
See how to accelerate model training and optimize model performance with active learning
Learn about the latest enhancements to out-of-the-box document processing – with little to no training required
Get an exclusive demo of the new family of UiPath LLMs – GenAI models specialized for processing different types of documents and messages
This is a hands-on session specifically designed for automation developers and AI enthusiasts seeking to enhance their knowledge in leveraging the latest intelligent document processing capabilities offered by UiPath.
Speakers:
👨🏫 Andras Palfi, Senior Product Manager, UiPath
👩🏫 Lenka Dulovicova, Product Program Manager, UiPath
State of ICS and IoT Cyber Threat Landscape Report 2024 previewPrayukth K V
The IoT and OT threat landscape report has been prepared by the Threat Research Team at Sectrio using data from Sectrio, cyber threat intelligence farming facilities spread across over 85 cities around the world. In addition, Sectrio also runs AI-based advanced threat and payload engagement facilities that serve as sinks to attract and engage sophisticated threat actors, and newer malware including new variants and latent threats that are at an earlier stage of development.
The latest edition of the OT/ICS and IoT security Threat Landscape Report 2024 also covers:
State of global ICS asset and network exposure
Sectoral targets and attacks as well as the cost of ransom
Global APT activity, AI usage, actor and tactic profiles, and implications
Rise in volumes of AI-powered cyberattacks
Major cyber events in 2024
Malware and malicious payload trends
Cyberattack types and targets
Vulnerability exploit attempts on CVEs
Attacks on counties – USA
Expansion of bot farms – how, where, and why
In-depth analysis of the cyber threat landscape across North America, South America, Europe, APAC, and the Middle East
Why are attacks on smart factories rising?
Cyber risk predictions
Axis of attacks – Europe
Systemic attacks in the Middle East
Download the full report from here:
https://sectrio.com/resources/ot-threat-landscape-reports/sectrio-releases-ot-ics-and-iot-security-threat-landscape-report-2024/
Builder.ai Founder Sachin Dev Duggal's Strategic Approach to Create an Innova...Ramesh Iyer
In today's fast-changing business world, Companies that adapt and embrace new ideas often need help to keep up with the competition. However, fostering a culture of innovation takes much work. It takes vision, leadership and willingness to take risks in the right proportion. Sachin Dev Duggal, co-founder of Builder.ai, has perfected the art of this balance, creating a company culture where creativity and growth are nurtured at each stage.
Elevating Tactical DDD Patterns Through Object CalisthenicsDorra BARTAGUIZ
After immersing yourself in the blue book and its red counterpart, attending DDD-focused conferences, and applying tactical patterns, you're left with a crucial question: How do I ensure my design is effective? Tactical patterns within Domain-Driven Design (DDD) serve as guiding principles for creating clear and manageable domain models. However, achieving success with these patterns requires additional guidance. Interestingly, we've observed that a set of constraints initially designed for training purposes remarkably aligns with effective pattern implementation, offering a more ‘mechanical’ approach. Let's explore together how Object Calisthenics can elevate the design of your tactical DDD patterns, offering concrete help for those venturing into DDD for the first time!
Accelerate your Kubernetes clusters with Varnish CachingThijs Feryn
A presentation about the usage and availability of Varnish on Kubernetes. This talk explores the capabilities of Varnish caching and shows how to use the Varnish Helm chart to deploy it to Kubernetes.
This presentation was delivered at K8SUG Singapore. See https://feryn.eu/presentations/accelerate-your-kubernetes-clusters-with-varnish-caching-k8sug-singapore-28-2024 for more details.
Securing your Kubernetes cluster_ a step-by-step guide to success !KatiaHIMEUR1
Today, after several years of existence, an extremely active community and an ultra-dynamic ecosystem, Kubernetes has established itself as the de facto standard in container orchestration. Thanks to a wide range of managed services, it has never been so easy to set up a ready-to-use Kubernetes cluster.
However, this ease of use means that the subject of security in Kubernetes is often left for later, or even neglected. This exposes companies to significant risks.
In this talk, I'll show you step-by-step how to secure your Kubernetes cluster for greater peace of mind and reliability.
Slack (or Teams) Automation for Bonterra Impact Management (fka Social Soluti...Jeffrey Haguewood
Sidekick Solutions uses Bonterra Impact Management (fka Social Solutions Apricot) and automation solutions to integrate data for business workflows.
We believe integration and automation are essential to user experience and the promise of efficient work through technology. Automation is the critical ingredient to realizing that full vision. We develop integration products and services for Bonterra Case Management software to support the deployment of automations for a variety of use cases.
This video focuses on the notifications, alerts, and approval requests using Slack for Bonterra Impact Management. The solutions covered in this webinar can also be deployed for Microsoft Teams.
Interested in deploying notification automations for Bonterra Impact Management? Contact us at sales@sidekicksolutionsllc.com to discuss next steps.
Generating a custom Ruby SDK for your web service or Rails API using Smithyg2nightmarescribd
Have you ever wanted a Ruby client API to communicate with your web service? Smithy is a protocol-agnostic language for defining services and SDKs. Smithy Ruby is an implementation of Smithy that generates a Ruby SDK using a Smithy model. In this talk, we will explore Smithy and Smithy Ruby to learn how to generate custom feature-rich SDKs that can communicate with any web service, such as a Rails JSON API.
Generating a custom Ruby SDK for your web service or Rails API using Smithy
Space & AI, Franck Marchis
1. AI & Space
FRANCK MARCHIS
Senior Planetary Astronomer at the SETI Institute
Chair of the Exoplanet Group
Chief Scientific Officer at Unistellar
With contributions by the FDL Team
2. Overview of today’s discussion
1. SETI Institute & Space Science
2. NASA & FDL
3. A future with AI in Space
Outline
3.
4.
5.
6.
7. SETI Institute and Astronomy
3 ways to answer to this question
Technological Signal
• Radio SETI
• OSETI
Intelligent
Nearby & distant
Life in Our Solar System
• Ocean of Europa
• Underneath Mars Surface
Not-intelligent
Nearby
Life on Exoplanets
• Remote sensing observations
• Biological signatures
• Technological artifacts
Intelligent and Not-Intelligent
Distant
Are We Alone
9. It's not often that NASA asks you to come to Silicon
Valley to save the world using AI…
But that’s exactly what happened in summer 2016 to 12 researchers
from around the world. and again in 2017… and soon 2018
10. ABOUT FDL
GOAL: CLOSE KNOWLEDGE
GAPS BY MATCHING DOCTORAL-
LEVEL TALENT FROM THE
PLANETARY SCIENCES WITH
PEERS FROM
THE MACHINE LEARNING
COMMUNITY.
11. “To find all asteroid threats to
Human Populations and know
what to do about them”
15. 3)’What is the best choice of
technology to make a successful
deflection of an Asteroid that
poses a threat to Earth?’
16. ‘What are they made of?’ ‘What shape are they?’
‘What is the best way
to deflect them?’
(Better Data Gathering) (Better Insights) (Better Decisions)
17. “Only 31 meteorites have
ever been found that can be
linked to a source orbit”
AI for Planetary Defense: ‘What is it made of?’
NASA needs more fragment recovery.
Can AI help?
18. AI For Planetary Defense
Fragment Recovery
“Only 31 meteorites have ever been found that can be linked to a source orbit”
25,000 training images of meteorites
six deep learning models (3 GoogleNet, 2
AlexNet + 1 combination) along with a 15
million image library.
•Result: an automatic meteorite detection
system, all driven by a user-friendly app for
use in the field.
Validation accuracy > 99.9%
21. •Asteroid shapes are critical for asteroid
deflection techniques - as any mitigation plan
needs to know the center of mass.
•Should an object be too close to shift, shape,
density, internal structure are critical for
understanding the potential for damage and
planning effective disaster response.
AI for Planetary Defense:‘What shape is it?
22. FOUR
WEEKS
This is currently a laborious
manual process that takes
a trained practitioner
around four weeks.
AI for Planetary Defense:‘What shape is it?
23. • Create 546,000 synthetic radar
images from DAMIT and JPL shape
database (1,620 models)
• This approach may enable a rapid understanding of the shape of an asteroid - while it is still
being tracked by radar, even as an incoming object.
• Automatically determine the spin
axis angles by automated calls of the
existing SHAPE software using
Bayesian Optimization (4-6h
computer time)
• Used a 3D-VAE (Variational Auto-
encoder) to generate plausible 3D
voxel shapes of asteroids
AI for Planetary Defense: ‘What shape is it?
24. 3D SHAPE MODELING
THE VARIATIONAL AUTO-ENCODER (VAE)
GANs attract global attention
With Deep Mind’s ‘Alpha Go”
In 2017!
25. 3)’What is the best choice of
technology to make a successful
deflection of an Asteroid that
poses a threat to Earth?’
26. AI for Planetary Defense: Deflecting Asteroids?
‘What is the best choice of technology to make a successful
deflection of Asteroid that poses a threat to Earth?’
Nuclear
Device
?
27. Why a Deflector Selector? A TRAINING SET BASED ON 1.5
MILLION ORBITAL SIMULATIONS OF
THREE DIFFERENT KINDS OF
DEFLECTION TECHNOLOGY.
“There isn’t a tool of this
sophistication available to the
Planetary Defense community.”
Astronomer, JL Galache from the IAU’s Minor Planet Center (& FDL Mentor)
AI for Planetary Defense: Deflecting Asteroids?
28. 1.5 million orbital simulations were used train a
decision tree to select a set of effective technologies
(Nuclear Device, Gravity Tractor or Kinetic
Impactor) for a given hazardous object.
Once trained, it had an accuracy of 98% for
determining which technology would produce a
successful deflection.
A Machine Learning
Decision Tree…
AI for Planetary Defense: Deflecting Asteroids?
29. •The most effective technology predicted by the
decision tree is the nuclear explosive, due to the
high ΔVs it can impart and its instantaneous
effect.
•This important work will help inform strategic
decisions which deflection technologies should
be prioritized, and what asteroid characteristics
are the most important to be known in advance
of taking action.
Greenberg et al. Acta Astronautica 2018
Deflector Selector: Result
30. PLANETARY
DEFENSE
2016
3 PROBLEM AREAS
12 RESEARCHERS
4 PLANETARY MENTORS
2 AI MENTORS
RADAR SHAPE
MODELING
2017
HELIOPHYSICS
SPACE RESOURCES
5 PROBLEM AREAS
24 RESEARCHERS
6 PLANETARY MENTORS
6 AI MENTORS
LONG PERIOD COMETS
AI
APPLIED
Expanding FDL: The 2017 version
31. FDL 2017: RESULTS
5 CHALLENGES + WHITE PAPER
SPACE RESOURCES
HELIOPHYSICS
PLANETARY
DEFENSE
WHITE PAPER
33. PLANETARY
DEFENSE
2016
3 PROBLEM AREAS
12 RESEARCHERS
4 PLANETARY MENTORS
2 AI MENTORS
RADAR SHAPE
MODELING
2017
HELIOPHYSICS
SPACE RESOURCES
5 PROBLEM AREAS
24 RESEARCHERS
6 PLANETARY MENTORS
6 AI MENTORS
2018
LUNAR ROUTE
PLANNINGS
SOLAR STORMS /
RADIATION WARNING
LONG PERIOD COMETS
7 PROBLEM AREAS
28 RESEARCHERS
7 PLANETARY MENTORS
7 AI MENTORS
AI
APPLIED
FDL 2018
ASTROBIOLOGY
EXOPLANETS
34. FDL 2018 or FDL 3.0: Bigger, Bolder and Broader
35. Enhanced Vision for Exploration, Learning and Citizen Science.
Unistellar : making astronomy fun and popular
Enhanced Vision
technology
Beautiful images
Light pollution compensation
Portable and
autonomous
Fits in an urban
backpack
Connected
Science campaign
Data Sharing
Automatic Field
Detection
Educative and Interactive
37. Future of Ground Based Astronomy
Extremely Large telescopesAll the Southern Sky, every week: LSST
20 TB of data per night
20 million of asteroid
100 alerts per day
AI to process
AI to alert
AI in optical and mechanical design
AI in data analysis
38. Future of Space-Based Astronomy
The picture of another Pale Blue Dot: Project Blue
Searching for exoplanets: TESS
27 Gb of data per night
200,000 stars
AI to process
AI to Alert
2 years of continuous observations of Alpha Centauri stars
AI to process the data
We want to make sure there’s plenty of time for discussion, but of course if you have a question or reflection feel free to jump on in.
2 trillion of galaxies
100 billion stars
Unambiguous earliest evidence for life on Earth dated to 3 billion years
But that’s exactly what happened last Summer to 12 researchers from around the world.
FDL is an Applied Research Accelerator: that is, the application of emerging technology to known ‘know-how’ gaps; by pairing the talent from academia and the private sector.
When we talk about planetary defense, we mean Asteroids; or ‘Near Earth Objects’ and this project was a response to the White House Challenge to find all asteroid threats to Human Populations…AND KNOW WHAT TO DO ABOUT THEM.
So the thing they never mention in the movies - you need to know three things in advance.
What is it made of?
What shape is it?
What is the best choice of technology to make a successful defection?
Problem choice is key too. We’ve endeavored to keep the problems related to a certain extent, so that the approaches and ideas created by one team, inspire the others. This slide shows the challenges from 2016, which also show the spread of solutions where AI can be applied: “Better Data Gathering” / “Better insights” / and “Better decisions”
This is a very rare object - discovered this year; it’s a meteorite where the fireball - the shooting star - was tracked by fireball cameras. This has only happened 30 times. (Where a rock and the incoming trajectory are linked)
The next thing we need to know is, what shape is it?
When NEOs come near the Earth, it is possible to image them using radar. From these sparse 2D images, the 3D shape can be discerned…
Why is this important? Any defection plan needs to know the object’s shape and center of mass; should an object be too close to move, knowing it’s shape can help with disaster response.
but this is currently a laborious manual process.
It may be possible to discern the shape of an object, even as an incoming object.
Before we could do anything else, we needed data.
Of course, in an ideal world, we would have lots of data of many different objects which humanity had tried deflecting.
Actually maybe that’s a not-so-ideal world.
Anyway, since we don’t have a sample of these kinds of objects, we had to resort to creating our own data with simulations.
This year the team improved this approach by adding a GAN to the process, modifying the VAE to get further levels of precision.
Lastly, now we know what it’s made of and its shape, what is the best technology to make a successful deflection?
Although have been making strides in engineering solutions to NEO deflection, the best technology assessment was - up until FDL - based on only a handful of orbits.
The team radically improved the resolution, by running 1.5 Million orbital simulations where NEOs where on a collision course with Earth and successfully deflected - to create training data for a decision making tool…
A machine learning decision tree… once trained, it had an accuracy of 98% in determining which technology would produce a successful deflection…
The most effective tool we have, then - as Bruce Willis demonstrated - is the nuclear device. However I know he didn’t do the math. Now we have the math.
We’ve extended this concept of an ‘envelope of expertise’ to extend and branch the work of the preceding year.
In 2017 we revisited PD with the same mentor team, adding Helio and Space Resources.
We’re looking to build on the work of 2017 and branch out again - there’s appetite to translate the ‘foggy’ work done in Helio this year into quests. And of course we’d like to continue pushing the possibilities in Planetary Defense.
Apollo Guidance Computer (AGC): It had approximately 64Kbyte of memory and operated at 0.043MHz. The scientist in charge of the software development program for the Apollo Guidance Computer was Margaret Hamilton, Director of the Software Engineering Division of the MIT Instrumentation Laboratory. Curiously, the world's first computer programmer was also female