** Source information:
Date: Wed Feb 8, 2012 12:23pm
Document type: ArticleTitle: “Teen pregnancy, abortion rates at record low, study says”
Authors: By James B. Kelleher, Editing by Cynthia Johnston
Source: “Teen pregnancy, abortion rates at record low, study says.”reuters.com. Feb 8, 2012
< http://www.reuters.com/article/2012/02/08/us-teen-pregnancy-idUSTRE8171J020120208>.
** Summary:
Since 1972 until 2008, the rate of pregnancy and abortion among teenagers in the United States decreased significantly, and the rate of contraceptive use increased. In 2008, which is the most recent year that the Guttmacher researchers looked at government statistics on teen-age sex, pregnancies, births and abortion. They found that nearly 750,000 U.S. women under the age of 20 became pregnant in 2008, nearly 98 percent of them between the ages of 15 and 19. In 2008 the rate of teen abortion had decreased since 1972. The researchers and analyzers think the percentage decreased because both male and female teens used contraception. The researchers found that teen who had pregnancies and abortions between the ages of 15to 17 may be affected long-term. This long-term affect could show as a decline in their sexual activity. However, Racial and ethnic disparities are still seen in the African American communities. They found that the abortion rate is still two to four times that of their white peers. In addition, in 2008 they found the birth rates for Hispanic and black teens were more than twice those of the counterpart, and the Hispanic teen abortion rate were twice as high as the rate of white peers and black teen abortion rate were four times higher than the rate of the Caucasian.
** Quotations:
1. The researcher said that the disparities between race affect the teens and make them abort a fetus:
But disparities among racial and ethnic groups continued to persist, with black and Hispanic teens experiencing pregnancy and abortion rates two to four times higher than their white peers, the Guttmacher Institute, the nonprofit sexual health research group that conducted the analysis, said.
2. The percentage of the teens pregnant decreased because teen are more alert, to the use of contraceptives “The teen abortion rate in 2008 dropped to the lowest rate seen since 1972 at 17.8 per 1,000 teen girls and women, the analysis found, and was down 59 percent from 1988 when the abortion rate peaked at 43.5 per 1,000 teen women. The Guttmacher researchers said the decline in teen birthrates was largely attributable to increased contraceptive use by teens of both genders.”
** Paraphrasing:
Original paragraph:
The Guttmacher researchers said the decline in teen birthrates was largely attributable to increased contraceptive use by teens of both genders. Among women aged 15 to 17, about a quarter of the long-term decline in pregnancies, births and abortions could be attributable to reduced sexual activity, the researchers said.
Paraphrased paragraph:
The res ...
Racial Disparities in Abortion and Reproductive Health Care (final copy) (1)Karissa Charles
Racial disparities exist in access to abortion healthcare in the United States. Statistics show that African American and Latina women have significantly higher abortion rates than white women. This is due in part to socioeconomic factors like lower household wealth levels among minority groups. Lack of health insurance and access to contraception also contribute to higher unintended pregnancy and abortion rates for women of color and low-income women. Policies like the Hyde Amendment that restrict Medicaid funding for abortions disproportionately impact minority women's access to reproductive healthcare.
The document provides information about abortion rates and policies in Vietnam and America in 3-4 sentences:
1) Abortion is legal in both countries but more restricted in America, with about 1.2 million abortions annually compared to 120,000-130,000 in Vietnam.
2) In Vietnam, limited education and awareness of contraception contribute to abortion, with the highest rates in less educated women.
3) America has seen declines in its abortion rate but it remains higher than other regions, with over 40% of pregnancies ending in abortion, particularly among black and minority women.
4) Both countries show most abortions occurring early in pregnancy, within 9 weeks, but Vietnam has rising
Teen Pregnancy A Preventable Epidemic Our natio.docxmehek4
Teen Pregnancy: A Preventable Epidemic
Our nation is facing an adolescent reproductive-health crisis, with one in four teenage
girls having a sexually transmitted disease, and one in three becoming pregnant before
the age of 20.1 To address this challenge, teens must be able to obtain confidential and
affordable reproductive-health services. However, anti-choice politicians have stymied
efforts to give teens the tools they need to protect themselves against unintended
pregnancy and sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). We continue to call on lawmakers
– pro-choice and pro-life alike – to work together to achieve real solutions – instead of
divisiveness.
The Facts
In spite of a recent decline, the United States still has the highest rate of teen pregnancy
in the western industrialized world.2 Studies show that the United States’ teen-
pregnancy rate is more than twice that of Canada and Sweden.3
§ Approximately 750,000 young women in the United States become pregnant each
year. Eighty-two percent of teen pregnancies are unplanned 4 and more than a
quarter of those end in abortion.5
§ Teen mothers are less likely to complete school, less likely go to college, more
likely to have large families, and more likely to stay single – increasing the
likelihood that their children will live in poverty.6
§ In addition to other consequences for young women and their children, teen
childbearing costs U.S. taxpayers at least $11 billion annually.7
§ A sexually active teen who does not use contraception has a 90-percent chance of
becoming pregnant within a year.8
Potentially due to factors such as decreased access to health-care services and
information, racial and ethnic disparities persist in the reproductive health of young
Americans.
§ The problem of teen pregnancy is more pronounced in the African-American and
Latino communities, where rates of teen pregnancy are higher than those in
white communities – 15 percent and 14 percent respectively, compared to five
percent.9
2
§ Fifty-three percent of Latina teens and 51 percent of African-American teen girls
will become pregnant at least once before they turn 20. In comparison, only 19
percent of non-Hispanic white teen girls will become pregnant before the age of
20.10
A Failed Approach
Anti-choice lawmakers and advocates seized on this public-health crisis as an
opportunity to enact one of their longtime goals: withhold sex education from young
people in a misguided attempt to discourage them from having sex. Instead, they spent
more than $1 billion in taxpayer funds on “abstinence-only” programs11 – programs that
censor vital health information about contraception and safe sex. The approach has been
a spectacular failure.
§ Research shows that “abstinence-only” programs do not work and that
comprehensive sex-education programs do. In 2007, a report commissioned by
the U.S. Department of H ...
This paper reviews recent research on adolescent pregnancy and parenthood. While teenage birth rates have declined since mid-century, nonmarital and welfare-dependent births have increased, raising public concern. New research finds that many negative outcomes previously attributed to teenage motherhood are actually preexisting causes or correlates. The paper discusses trends in teenage pregnancies and births, causes and correlates like individual, family and neighborhood characteristics, and interventions to deter teen sexuality/pregnancy or help teenage mothers on welfare. It calls for more research on the psychological precursors and consequences of adolescent pregnancy and parenthood.
This paper reviews recent research on adolescent pregnancy and parenthood. While teenage birth rates have declined since mid-century, nonmarital and welfare-dependent births have increased, raising public concern. New research finds that many negative outcomes previously attributed to early motherhood are actually preexisting causes or correlates. The paper discusses trends in teenage pregnancies and births, risk factors like poverty and family structure, and interventions to delay childbearing or aid teenage mothers. It calls for more research on the psychological precursors and consequences of adolescent pregnancy and parenthood.
CDade-GraduateIntern-IDPH-OWHFS-MaternalMortality-FinalReportChelsea Dade, MS
As a part of my contribution to Illinois’s Maternal Mortality review process, I was tasked to investigate the maternal mortality review committees, related literature, and other related reports of 26 states, plus Washington D.C. and Illinois. The goal of this project was to give my supervisors and IDPH staff an overview of what has worked, what isn’t working in terms of maternal mortality reduction recommendations in other states. In addition to including incidence rates, racial breakdowns, and other markers, I examined the methods that states used to present their maternal mortality data. The latter refers to graphics selections, terminology, and other creative considerations that might have been used to impact a reader’s connection and understanding of the issue in a state’s report.
It is important to acknowledge that not every state had an existing report. Furthermore, in my analysis I found that even for states with existing maternal mortality review committees, reports were not always readily accessible online. Moreover, every state with an existing review committee do not always have a list of recommendations. Therefore, the following summaries are a couple of examples from my complete 26 state analysis, featured on the states of Louisiana, North Carolina, New Jersey, and Ohio, as they were able to provide a direct list of official recommendations.
Surname 1Table of Contents2Causes of Teenage .docxmattinsonjanel
Surname 1
Table of Contents
2Causes of Teenage Abortion in United States
2Introduction
2Background Information
4Causes of Teen Abortion
4Peer Influence
4Self-esteem
5Continuation with Education
6Societal pressure.
6Conclusion
8Worked cited
9Appendix
Name:
Proffessor:
Course:
Date:
Causes of Teenage Abortion in United States
Introduction
The rate of abortion among teenagers of between 15 years old and 19 years old has been declined. The decline of teenage abortion between 1990 and 2008 has been statistically shown to be about 56 percent. According to a study carried out by Child Trends Data Bank, the decline in the rates of abortion has been common for both younger and older teens (Child Trends DATA BANK, 1). In the American society, about one quarter of all teen pregnancies are ended through abortion. The research carried out by Child Trends Data Bank thus found out that teens resort to abortion because of several reasons which include peer influence, intentions to further education, issues of self-esteem, and pressure from societal factors. This paper is going to focus on the causes that are rooted in the teen abortion in the American society.Background Information
Abortion refers a deliberate act of terminating of a human pregnancy, which is normally undertaken within the initial 28 weeks of a pregnancy. According to a research carried out by Gutmacher Institute, 18 % of the women that obtain abortions in the U.S. are teenagers. The research further indicated that more than half of all abortions in United States are done by young women of around 20 years of age (Guttmacher Institute, 1).
According to American government records, an increase of teenage abortion was experienced during the 1970s (Luscombe, 1). It however stabilized in the years of 1980s at around the rate of 43 females per 1,000 females between the ages of 15 years old and 19 years old. A decline was then experienced to a rate of about 18 females per every 1,000 females by the year 2008. Though great declines have been experienced in the case of older teenagers, there has been a general decline even for the younger teens.
In the case of the different ethical\ETHNIC communities in the U.S population, rates for black, white, and Hispanic women have shown a substantial fall since the 1990s. However, for the case of Hispanic women, the decline started at a later time which was round 1993. In the case of white teens, the rates of abortion have decreased by about 68 percent. The second highest decrease in abortion rates is the case of the Hispanic teens, which is about 52 percent. In the case of black teens, the abortion rate has fallen by about 49 percent. The above decreases in rates are relative to the times when abortion rates were at their peaks (Kelleher, 1).
The decrease in the rates of teenage abortion has been attributed by the decline in the teenage pregnancy, with around 1985 being the year when teenage pregnancies were at its peak in the Ameri ...
Teen pregnancy in the United StatesTeen pregnancy in the Unite.docxmattinsonjanel
Teen pregnancy in the United States
Teen pregnancy in the United States
The National Campaign to Prevent Teen Pregnancy was founded in 1996 and has its headquarters in Washington D.C. and has nearly 200 organizations and media outlets which serve as partners. The National Campaign to Prevent Teen and Unplanned Pregnancy’s main agenda seeks to improve the lives and future prospects of children and families by ensuring that children are born into stable, two-parent families who have a commitment to and are ready for the demanding task of raising the next generation. Their strategy is aimed at the prevention of teen pregnancy and unplanned pregnancy among single, young adults by supporting a combination of responsible values and behavior by both men and women and responsible policies in both the public and private sectors. Their actions are aimed at improving child and family well-being therefore reducing the prevalence rate of poverty by providing more opportunities for the teenagers to complete their education or achieve other life goals while advocating for fewer abortions towards the creation of a stronger nation.
Teenage pregnancies have resulted to a total of 273,105 babies who were born to women aged 15–19 years, for a live birth rate of 26.5% per 1,000 women in this age group. There has been a decline in teen pregnancies with a drop of 10% in 2013. The birth rates declined at 13% for women aged 15–17 years, and 8% for women aged 18–19 years (Child Trends, 2014). Still, the U.S. teen pregnancy rate is substantially higher than in other western industrialized nations (Clay, et al, 2012). The national teen pregnancy rate has been declining steadily over the last two decades which has been attributed to the combination of an increased percentage of adolescents who are waiting to have sexual intercourse and the increased use of contraceptives by teens. The teen pregnancy rate includes the pregnancies that end in a live birth, as well as those that end in abortion or miscarriage resulting from fetal loss. In the United States 4 in 10 teens get pregnant at least once before they reach the age of 20 which leads to the teenagers dropping out of school with more than 50% of teen mothers never completing school. The trends show that less than 10% of the fathers marry the mother of their child and that almost a half of the teen mothers get their second child within the first 24 months since 80% of teens who do not use protective methods have higher chances of becoming pregnant.
Teen birth rates have been declining significantly in the recent years, however, despite these declines, there still exists a lot of disparities that need to be properly addressed (Dessen, 2005). There are substantial disparities that persist in teen birth rates, and teen pregnancy and childbearing which continue to carry significant social and economic costs. In 2013, the Hispanic teen birth rates were still more than two times higher than the rate for ...
Racial Disparities in Abortion and Reproductive Health Care (final copy) (1)Karissa Charles
Racial disparities exist in access to abortion healthcare in the United States. Statistics show that African American and Latina women have significantly higher abortion rates than white women. This is due in part to socioeconomic factors like lower household wealth levels among minority groups. Lack of health insurance and access to contraception also contribute to higher unintended pregnancy and abortion rates for women of color and low-income women. Policies like the Hyde Amendment that restrict Medicaid funding for abortions disproportionately impact minority women's access to reproductive healthcare.
The document provides information about abortion rates and policies in Vietnam and America in 3-4 sentences:
1) Abortion is legal in both countries but more restricted in America, with about 1.2 million abortions annually compared to 120,000-130,000 in Vietnam.
2) In Vietnam, limited education and awareness of contraception contribute to abortion, with the highest rates in less educated women.
3) America has seen declines in its abortion rate but it remains higher than other regions, with over 40% of pregnancies ending in abortion, particularly among black and minority women.
4) Both countries show most abortions occurring early in pregnancy, within 9 weeks, but Vietnam has rising
Teen Pregnancy A Preventable Epidemic Our natio.docxmehek4
Teen Pregnancy: A Preventable Epidemic
Our nation is facing an adolescent reproductive-health crisis, with one in four teenage
girls having a sexually transmitted disease, and one in three becoming pregnant before
the age of 20.1 To address this challenge, teens must be able to obtain confidential and
affordable reproductive-health services. However, anti-choice politicians have stymied
efforts to give teens the tools they need to protect themselves against unintended
pregnancy and sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). We continue to call on lawmakers
– pro-choice and pro-life alike – to work together to achieve real solutions – instead of
divisiveness.
The Facts
In spite of a recent decline, the United States still has the highest rate of teen pregnancy
in the western industrialized world.2 Studies show that the United States’ teen-
pregnancy rate is more than twice that of Canada and Sweden.3
§ Approximately 750,000 young women in the United States become pregnant each
year. Eighty-two percent of teen pregnancies are unplanned 4 and more than a
quarter of those end in abortion.5
§ Teen mothers are less likely to complete school, less likely go to college, more
likely to have large families, and more likely to stay single – increasing the
likelihood that their children will live in poverty.6
§ In addition to other consequences for young women and their children, teen
childbearing costs U.S. taxpayers at least $11 billion annually.7
§ A sexually active teen who does not use contraception has a 90-percent chance of
becoming pregnant within a year.8
Potentially due to factors such as decreased access to health-care services and
information, racial and ethnic disparities persist in the reproductive health of young
Americans.
§ The problem of teen pregnancy is more pronounced in the African-American and
Latino communities, where rates of teen pregnancy are higher than those in
white communities – 15 percent and 14 percent respectively, compared to five
percent.9
2
§ Fifty-three percent of Latina teens and 51 percent of African-American teen girls
will become pregnant at least once before they turn 20. In comparison, only 19
percent of non-Hispanic white teen girls will become pregnant before the age of
20.10
A Failed Approach
Anti-choice lawmakers and advocates seized on this public-health crisis as an
opportunity to enact one of their longtime goals: withhold sex education from young
people in a misguided attempt to discourage them from having sex. Instead, they spent
more than $1 billion in taxpayer funds on “abstinence-only” programs11 – programs that
censor vital health information about contraception and safe sex. The approach has been
a spectacular failure.
§ Research shows that “abstinence-only” programs do not work and that
comprehensive sex-education programs do. In 2007, a report commissioned by
the U.S. Department of H ...
This paper reviews recent research on adolescent pregnancy and parenthood. While teenage birth rates have declined since mid-century, nonmarital and welfare-dependent births have increased, raising public concern. New research finds that many negative outcomes previously attributed to teenage motherhood are actually preexisting causes or correlates. The paper discusses trends in teenage pregnancies and births, causes and correlates like individual, family and neighborhood characteristics, and interventions to deter teen sexuality/pregnancy or help teenage mothers on welfare. It calls for more research on the psychological precursors and consequences of adolescent pregnancy and parenthood.
This paper reviews recent research on adolescent pregnancy and parenthood. While teenage birth rates have declined since mid-century, nonmarital and welfare-dependent births have increased, raising public concern. New research finds that many negative outcomes previously attributed to early motherhood are actually preexisting causes or correlates. The paper discusses trends in teenage pregnancies and births, risk factors like poverty and family structure, and interventions to delay childbearing or aid teenage mothers. It calls for more research on the psychological precursors and consequences of adolescent pregnancy and parenthood.
CDade-GraduateIntern-IDPH-OWHFS-MaternalMortality-FinalReportChelsea Dade, MS
As a part of my contribution to Illinois’s Maternal Mortality review process, I was tasked to investigate the maternal mortality review committees, related literature, and other related reports of 26 states, plus Washington D.C. and Illinois. The goal of this project was to give my supervisors and IDPH staff an overview of what has worked, what isn’t working in terms of maternal mortality reduction recommendations in other states. In addition to including incidence rates, racial breakdowns, and other markers, I examined the methods that states used to present their maternal mortality data. The latter refers to graphics selections, terminology, and other creative considerations that might have been used to impact a reader’s connection and understanding of the issue in a state’s report.
It is important to acknowledge that not every state had an existing report. Furthermore, in my analysis I found that even for states with existing maternal mortality review committees, reports were not always readily accessible online. Moreover, every state with an existing review committee do not always have a list of recommendations. Therefore, the following summaries are a couple of examples from my complete 26 state analysis, featured on the states of Louisiana, North Carolina, New Jersey, and Ohio, as they were able to provide a direct list of official recommendations.
Surname 1Table of Contents2Causes of Teenage .docxmattinsonjanel
Surname 1
Table of Contents
2Causes of Teenage Abortion in United States
2Introduction
2Background Information
4Causes of Teen Abortion
4Peer Influence
4Self-esteem
5Continuation with Education
6Societal pressure.
6Conclusion
8Worked cited
9Appendix
Name:
Proffessor:
Course:
Date:
Causes of Teenage Abortion in United States
Introduction
The rate of abortion among teenagers of between 15 years old and 19 years old has been declined. The decline of teenage abortion between 1990 and 2008 has been statistically shown to be about 56 percent. According to a study carried out by Child Trends Data Bank, the decline in the rates of abortion has been common for both younger and older teens (Child Trends DATA BANK, 1). In the American society, about one quarter of all teen pregnancies are ended through abortion. The research carried out by Child Trends Data Bank thus found out that teens resort to abortion because of several reasons which include peer influence, intentions to further education, issues of self-esteem, and pressure from societal factors. This paper is going to focus on the causes that are rooted in the teen abortion in the American society.Background Information
Abortion refers a deliberate act of terminating of a human pregnancy, which is normally undertaken within the initial 28 weeks of a pregnancy. According to a research carried out by Gutmacher Institute, 18 % of the women that obtain abortions in the U.S. are teenagers. The research further indicated that more than half of all abortions in United States are done by young women of around 20 years of age (Guttmacher Institute, 1).
According to American government records, an increase of teenage abortion was experienced during the 1970s (Luscombe, 1). It however stabilized in the years of 1980s at around the rate of 43 females per 1,000 females between the ages of 15 years old and 19 years old. A decline was then experienced to a rate of about 18 females per every 1,000 females by the year 2008. Though great declines have been experienced in the case of older teenagers, there has been a general decline even for the younger teens.
In the case of the different ethical\ETHNIC communities in the U.S population, rates for black, white, and Hispanic women have shown a substantial fall since the 1990s. However, for the case of Hispanic women, the decline started at a later time which was round 1993. In the case of white teens, the rates of abortion have decreased by about 68 percent. The second highest decrease in abortion rates is the case of the Hispanic teens, which is about 52 percent. In the case of black teens, the abortion rate has fallen by about 49 percent. The above decreases in rates are relative to the times when abortion rates were at their peaks (Kelleher, 1).
The decrease in the rates of teenage abortion has been attributed by the decline in the teenage pregnancy, with around 1985 being the year when teenage pregnancies were at its peak in the Ameri ...
Teen pregnancy in the United StatesTeen pregnancy in the Unite.docxmattinsonjanel
Teen pregnancy in the United States
Teen pregnancy in the United States
The National Campaign to Prevent Teen Pregnancy was founded in 1996 and has its headquarters in Washington D.C. and has nearly 200 organizations and media outlets which serve as partners. The National Campaign to Prevent Teen and Unplanned Pregnancy’s main agenda seeks to improve the lives and future prospects of children and families by ensuring that children are born into stable, two-parent families who have a commitment to and are ready for the demanding task of raising the next generation. Their strategy is aimed at the prevention of teen pregnancy and unplanned pregnancy among single, young adults by supporting a combination of responsible values and behavior by both men and women and responsible policies in both the public and private sectors. Their actions are aimed at improving child and family well-being therefore reducing the prevalence rate of poverty by providing more opportunities for the teenagers to complete their education or achieve other life goals while advocating for fewer abortions towards the creation of a stronger nation.
Teenage pregnancies have resulted to a total of 273,105 babies who were born to women aged 15–19 years, for a live birth rate of 26.5% per 1,000 women in this age group. There has been a decline in teen pregnancies with a drop of 10% in 2013. The birth rates declined at 13% for women aged 15–17 years, and 8% for women aged 18–19 years (Child Trends, 2014). Still, the U.S. teen pregnancy rate is substantially higher than in other western industrialized nations (Clay, et al, 2012). The national teen pregnancy rate has been declining steadily over the last two decades which has been attributed to the combination of an increased percentage of adolescents who are waiting to have sexual intercourse and the increased use of contraceptives by teens. The teen pregnancy rate includes the pregnancies that end in a live birth, as well as those that end in abortion or miscarriage resulting from fetal loss. In the United States 4 in 10 teens get pregnant at least once before they reach the age of 20 which leads to the teenagers dropping out of school with more than 50% of teen mothers never completing school. The trends show that less than 10% of the fathers marry the mother of their child and that almost a half of the teen mothers get their second child within the first 24 months since 80% of teens who do not use protective methods have higher chances of becoming pregnant.
Teen birth rates have been declining significantly in the recent years, however, despite these declines, there still exists a lot of disparities that need to be properly addressed (Dessen, 2005). There are substantial disparities that persist in teen birth rates, and teen pregnancy and childbearing which continue to carry significant social and economic costs. In 2013, the Hispanic teen birth rates were still more than two times higher than the rate for ...
This document discusses sex education policies in the U.S. and their outcomes. It argues that abstinence-only education has been ineffective and the U.S. has high teen pregnancy and STI rates compared to other developed nations. Comprehensive sex education that includes contraceptive information has been shown to be more effective. The document advocates amending policies to incentivize comprehensive sex education in schools based on its benefits seen in other countries.
This document discusses the issue of teen pregnancy, providing statistics that show 34% of teens become pregnant before age 20. It notes that teen pregnancy costs $7 billion annually in welfare costs. The document then provides more recent statistics on teen pregnancy rates and behaviors. It discusses how teen pregnancy affects communities by increasing poverty, crime, dropout rates, and costs taxpayers $9 billion or more annually. The document outlines signs of pregnancy, prevention methods, issues teen parents face, and resources available.
This document is an honors thesis analyzing factors that may contribute to the decline in teen birth rates in the United States. The author uses data from 2000, 2005, and 2008 on 11 factors from all 50 states and DC, including rape rates, abortion rates, education levels, income, religion, and beer consumption. Through linear regression analysis, the author finds rape rates, the percentage of Baptists in the population, and beer consumption rates have statistically significant positive relationships with teen birth rates. While abortion rates also showed significance, the positive relationship does not make logical sense, likely due to omitted variables. The author concludes these three significant factors may be contributing to the overall decline in teen birth rates in recent decades as the variables decrease. However,
This report analyzes the high rate of teen pregnancy through data and recommendations for reduction. It finds that while the teen pregnancy rate dropped in the 1990s, it has since increased by 5-14%. The report examines statistics on sexually active teens by age, gender, and race from 1990-1997 and estimates that 2-4 out of 10 teens may become pregnant by 2005 based on rate increases. Recommendations to reduce the rate include increasing access to condoms, birth control pills, and teaching abstinence.
Running Head Teen Pregnancy 1Teen Pregnancy .docxtoltonkendal
Running Head: Teen Pregnancy 1
Teen Pregnancy 2
Teen Pregnancy
Name
Institution
Date
Teen Pregnancy
Introduction
Early sexual activity is one of the major issues in the development of adolescents. Different surveys such as Youth Risk Behavior Survey and National Survey of Family Growth have established that most adolescents engage in sexual activities at earlier ages. However, older adolescents aged 15 years and older have recorded a reduction in sexual activity whereas those that are younger have recorded increased sexual activity. There are different factors that make adolescents engage in sexual activities. Some of these factors include peer pressure to engage in sexual activity, adolescents that mature earlier and the influence of the new media. The use of drugs as well as alcohol leads to reduced inhibitions hence, influencing unprotected sexual activity. Boys and girls that smoke or take alcohol are at risk of early sexual activity. This is because the use of these substances influences their decision making in social contexts.
Fake references According Peters, 2017, early sexual activity is associated with teen pregnancy. Teenage pregnancy has been a national concern for many decades. Teenage pregnancy in most cases complicates the development of adolescents and it leads to a difficultshift to young adulthood. This leads to potential limited economic and most important educational opportunities. There has been a significant teenage pregnancy decline in the last three decades. However, based on the National Campaign aimed at preventing teen pregnancy shows that out of ten girls, four of them get pregnant before they are twenty years old. Compared to other industrialized countries, United States has the highest teen pregnancy, abortion and birth rates (Peters, 2017).
Population Impacted and how they are affected.
Sexual risk behavior among adolescents in the United States is a major health concern. According to Rebecca et al, 2011, approximately 800,000 girls aged between fifteen and nineteen years get pregnant every year. In recent years, the proportion of sexually experienced adolescents has decreased. However, 34 percent of the ninth graders and 61 percent of the 12th graders agree to having had sexual intercourse. Of those that go to high school, 7 percent agree to have sex before their thirteenth birthday. Fake data
In 2015, 229,715babies were born to mothers aged between 15 years and 19 years. This represented a birth rate of approximately 22 per 1,000 girls in the 15-19 age group. This was a record low showing a drop of 8 percent from the previous year, 2014. There was also a significant drop of 9% for girls aged 15 to 17 and 7% for women between 18 years and 19 years. The decline was attributed to abstinence of teens from sexual activity and those that are were sexually active using birth control ...
William Allan Kritsonis, PhD, Editor-in-Chief, NATIONAL FORUM JOURNALS (Founded 1982). Article published by Dr. Joanna Hadjicostandi in the national refereed journal titled INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EDUCATION.
1. The document examines numerous influential factors that teens may consider when making decisions about sexual activity, including family structure, media influences, cultural attitudes, and religion. It notes that teen pregnancy is influenced by a combination of these interconnected societal and personal factors.
2. A case study of 62 students at an alternative school for pregnant and parenting teens provided insights into how teens view their situation and how it compares to literature on teen pregnancy.
3. There is no single cause of teen pregnancy; it arises due to a complex interplay of societal, cultural, and personal influences that uniquely affect each individual.
Part 1.....InstructionsSelect one of the age groups disc.docxMARRY7
Part 1.....
Instructions
Select one of the age groups discussed in this unit (adolescent, adult, or elderly). Create a community health strategy for dealing with intentional and unintentional injuries (motor vehicle accidents, suicide, or violence).Your response should include information on the morbidity and mortality rates and the key factors associated with the injuries.Your APA-Style essay must be at least two pages in length (not counting the title and reference pages). All sources used, including the textbook, must be referenced; paraphrased and quoted material must have accompanying citations.
Part 2....... Need To Be 1 Paragraph Long
According to the Centers for Medicare Services (CMS), the Affordable Care Act (ACA) was designed to give U.S. citizens improved flexibility and control, allowing them to make more informed decisions about their own health plans and healthcare providers.
Now that the ACA has been in place for several years, do you feel that in fact happened? Discuss the strengths and weaknesses of the ACA today.
.
Part 1 – Add to Website PlanList at least three .docxMARRY7
Part 1 – Add to Website Plan
List
at least three interactive features that could be added to your
site and what purpose each would serve for your site and its visitors.
The form created in Part Two of this assignment can be included as
one of the interactive features.
Part 2 – Refine and finalize your website
Refine
and finalize your website by doing the following:
•
Add a simple web form—such as an order form, a subscription
to a newsletter, or a request for contact.
•
Use division or a table to structure the form elements.
•
Apply JavaScript
®
to validate the form.
•
Finalize a navigation system.
•
Use metadata to increase accessibility and search engine
optimization.
15
WEB/240 Version 1
8
•
Test for functionality and usability.
As in the prior assignment, use only Adobe
®
Dreamweaver
®
or
another HTML editor to refine the homepage developed in Week
Three.
Check
your HTML code using the Markup Validation Service on the
W3C
®
website, (www.w3.org) prior to submitting your web page(s).
A link to this site may be found in the Materials tab on your student
website.
Submit
all website files in a compressed folder.
.
Part 1 True or False Questions. (10 questions at 1 point each).docxMARRY7
Part 1: True or False Questions.
(10 questions at 1 point each)
T
F
A hash algorithm uses a one-way cryptographic function, whereas both secret-key and public-key systems use two-way (i.e., reversible) cryptographic functions.
Answer: _____
T
F
The strongest 3DES (Triple DES) requires the use of three independent keys.
Answer: _____
T
F
When it comes to the ethics of a particular situation, there is only one right answer.
Answer: _____
T
F
Packet filters protect networks by blocking packets based on the packets’ contents.
Answer: _____
T
F
The biggest advantage of
public-key
cryptography over
secret-key
cryptography is in the area of key management/key distribution.
Answer: _____
T
F
In terms of privacy laws, companies have no advantage over the government in terms of the types of data that a company can collect.
Answer: _____
T
F
Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) provide no protection from internal threats.
Answer: _____
T
F
A Denial-of-Service attack does not require the attacker to penetrate the target's security defenses.
Answer: _____
T
F
AES uses the Rijndael algorithm.
Answer: _____
T
F
A one-time pad is a safe house used only once by an undercover agent.
Answer: _____
Part 2: Multiple Choice Questions. Print
all
the correct answers in the blank following the question; in some cases a fully correct answer may require more than one lettered choice to be selected. (
Each question is worth 2 points.
There is no guarantee of partial credit for partially correct answers.)
If person A uses AES to transmit an encrypted message to person B, which key or keys will A have to use:
a.
A’s private key
b.
A’s public key
c.
B’s private key
d.
B’s public key
e.
None of the keys listed above
Answer(s): ____
From the perspective of
entropy
:
Plaintext will have a higher entropy than the ciphertext
The unequal frequency of characters in human languages tends to reduce the entropy of plaintext messages in that language
Encrypted messages appear to be noise-like
Plaintext requires more transmission bandwidth than ciphertext
None of the above
Answer(s): _____
Protection of a software program that uses a unique, novel algorithm could be legally protected by:
a.
A patent
b.
A copyright
c.
A patent and copyright
d.
Ethical standards
e.
All of the above
Answer(s): _____
Security
threats
include which of the following:
a.
Unlocked doors
b.
Disgruntled employees
c.
Hurricanes
d.
Un-patched software programs
e.
All of the above
Answer(s): _____
Denial of service attacks include:
a.
DNS poisoning
b.
Smurf attack
c.
Ping of death
d.
SYN flood
e.
All of the above
Answer(s): _____
Part 3: Short Answer Questions.
(10 questions at 5 points each)
Alan and Beatrice are both users of PKI. Explain how they use their keys to communicate when Alan sends a private message to Beatrice, and provides proof that he sent the message.
Answer:
Briefly describe the purpose of firewalls and how .
Part 11. Why is it so important in system engineering to become .docxMARRY7
Part 1
1. Why is it so important in system engineering to become familiar with some of the analytical methods?
2. Identify and describe some of the technologies that are being applied in the design process. Provide some examples of typical applications, and describe some of the benefits associated with the application of computerized methods in the design process.
3. How does CAM and CAS relate to system engineering? Describe some possible impacts.
4. How is design review and evaluation accomplished? Why is it important relative to meeting system engineering objectives? Describe some of the checks and balances in the design process.
5. What is included in the establishment of a "functional” baseline, Allocated baseline, and Product baseline? Why is baseline management important?
6. What is configuration management (CM) and how does it relate to system engineering? Define Configuration Identification (CI) and Configuration Status Accounting (CSA).
Part 2
Select a system of your choice, and construct a sequential flow diagram of the overall system development process. Identify the major tasks in system development, and develop a plan/schedule of formal design review. Briefly describe what is covered in each.
Part 3
Discuss some of the problems associated with the application of computerized methods in the design process. Provide examples. What cautions must be observed?
.
Part 1 Using the internet, search for commercial IDPS systems. What.docxMARRY7
Part 1: Using the internet, search for commercial IDPS systems. What classification systems and descriptions are used and how can these be used to compare the features and components of each IDPS? Create a comparison spreadsheet identifying the classification systems you find.
Part 2: What are some of the legal and ethical issues surrounding the use of intrusion detection systems logs and other technology tools as evidence in criminal and legal matters?
Part 3: Write a 2 - 3 page APA style paper summarizing the background, description, and purpose of NIST Special Publication 800-94,
Guide to Intrusion Detection and Prevention Systems
. The last section of your paper should be titled "Author Reflection" and should reflect your critique of the publication examined. You are not expected to read the entire guide, you should be mainly concerned with section two of the report, titled "Intrusion Detection and Prevention Principles" and section three of the report, titled "IDPS Technologies."
Part 4:
Why is it so important in system engineering to become familiar with some of the analytical methods?
Identify and describe some of the technologies that are being applied in the design process. Provide some examples of typical applications, and describe some of the benefits associated with the application of computerized methods in the design process.
How does CAM and CAS relate to system engineering? Describe some possible impacts.
How is design review and evaluation accomplished? Why is it important relative to meeting system engineering objectives? Describe some of the checks and balances in the design process.
What is included in the establishment of a "functional” baseline, Allocated baseline, and Product baseline? Why is baseline management important?
What is configuration management (CM) and how does it relate to system engineering? Define Configuration Identification (CI) and Configuration Status Accounting (CSA).
Part 5: Select a system of your choice, and construct a sequential flow diagram of the overall system development process. Identify the major tasks in system development, and develop a plan/schedule of formal design review. Briefly describe what is covered in each.
Part 6:
Discuss some of the problems associated with the application of computerized methods in the design process. Provide examples. What cautions must be observed?
.
Part 1- Create an outline of the assignment below thenPart 2-1000 .docxMARRY7
Part 1- Create an outline of the assignment below then
Part 2-1000 word assignment
Your fast-food franchise has been cleared for business in all 4 countries (United Arab Emirates, Israel, Mexico, and China). You now have to start construction on your restaurants. The financing is coming from the United Arab Emirates, the materials are coming from Mexico and China, the engineering and technology are coming from Israel , and the labor will be hired locally within these countries by your management team from the United States. You invite all of the players to the headquarters in the United States for a big meeting to explain the project and get to know one another. The people seem to be staying with their own groups and not mingling.
What is the cultural phenomenon at play here (what is it called/ term)?
How do you explain the lack of intercultural communication and interaction?
What do you know about these cultures—specifically their economic, political, educational, and social systems—that could help you in getting them together?
What are some of the contrasting cultural values of these countries?
You are concerned about some of the language barriers as you start the meeting, particularly the fact that the United States is a low-context country, and some of the countries present are high-context countries. Furthermore, you only speak English, and you do not have an interpreter present.
How will this affect the presentation?
What are some of the issues you should be concerned about regarding verbal and nonverbal language for this group?
What strategy would you use to begin to have everyone develop a relationship with each other that will help ease future negotiations, development, and implementation?
.
Part 1 Review QuestionsWhat is the difference between criminal la.docxMARRY7
Part 1: Review Questions
What is the difference between criminal law and civil law?
What is privacy, in the context of information security?
What is intellectual property? Is it offered the same protection in every country of the world? What laws currently protect it in the U.S. and Europe?
What are the three general categories of unethical and illegal behavior?
Part 2: Module Practice
What does CISSP stand for? Using the Internet, find out what continuing education is required in order for the holder of a CISSP to remain current and in good standing.
.
Part 1 Review QuestionsWhat is the difference between authenticat.docxMARRY7
The document contains two parts. Part 1 lists review questions about authentication vs authorization, network security relationships, network vs host intrusion detection systems, and VPNs. Part 2 instructs the reader to create a spreadsheet that encrypts values using a transposition cipher, then further encrypts the results using a substitution cipher.
Part 1 SQLDatabase workScenarioDevelopment of a relationa.docxMARRY7
Part 1: SQL/Database work
Scenario
Development of a relational database system for a food producing company
FoodRU is a Leicester-based food producing company. The company wants to keep details regarding both past and present employees and their assignment to shifts over time. At present, there are three defined shift patterns; the morning shift starts at 6am and finishes at 2pm, the day shift starts at 9am and finishes at 5pm, and the evening shift starts at 4pm and finishes at 12am (midnight). However, management have already indicated that they may need to add further shift patterns in the future (e.g., by adding a night shift to the existing ones so that the company can meet a high user demand for their foods). They therefore require shift details to be stored within a separate Shift table, with attributes that allow the storage of a shift name with its associated start and finish times (use the 24 hour clock for these times).
Past and present employee details are to be kept in the same Employee table, and the details to be kept are the employee’s unique 6 digit reference number, the first name, surname and any other names (if there are any) of the employee, the employee’s gender, contact address and contact telephone, the date on which the employee started his/her employment at the company and the date on which the employee finished his/her employment at the company (should s/he be a past employee). Details regarding staff assignments to shifts include the date that an employee was allocated to work a particular shift, and the date that s/he was taken off the shift (if not still assigned to it). Employees can be assigned to different shifts over time and even to the same shift over different time periods, although they cannot be assigned to more than one shift at any one time. A new employee may not yet be assigned to a shift.
Tasks:
1. Provide the table specifications for the THREE tables that are required by FoodRU to store employee, shift and assignment details. That is, for each of the three tables, you should provide, in a suitable presentation format, the name of the table and a specification of each its attributes to include:
• Attribute name
• Attribute brief description as to its meaning
• a description of the attribute’s data type/integrity (e.g., date field, character field of length 20, number field <= 10, etc. – you can use the Oracle data types within these descriptions if you want to)
• An indication as to whether the attribute is a primary key attribute and/or foreign key attribute
• An indication as to whether the attribute can or cannot take null values
Make sure your design specifies the appropriate links between the three tables. Remember to write down any additional integrity you need to enforce either at a specific table level or across two or more tables, if this is required. Also, remember to write down any justifications for the data types/integrity or for any other design features that.
Part 1 Review QuestionsWhat functions constitute a complete infor.docxMARRY7
Part 1: Review Questions
What functions constitute a complete information security program?
What is the typical size of the security staff in a small organization? A medium-sized organization? A large organization? A very large organization?
Where can an organization place the information security unit? Where should (and shouldn’t) it be placed?
Into what four areas should the information security functions be divided?
Part 2: Module Practice
Design three security posters on various aspects of information security using a graphics presentation program and clip art. Describe the methods you used to develop your design.
.
Part 1A persons lifestyle has a significant influence on the p.docxMARRY7
Part 1:
A person's lifestyle has a significant influence on the person's health and development as he or she moves into middle age (and old age). Stability and change are also common factors in an adult's life.
Describe how middle adulthood provides stability in a person's life. Explain some of the factors that would lead to stability in a person's life as he or she moves through middle age.
Describe some of the more common lifestyle issues that have a negative impact on a person's continued development. Explain how a person may be able to reverse some of the lifestyle influences.
On the basis of your readings, describe what is meant by a midlife crisis. Explain why a midlife crisis may or may not be critical.
Part 2:
Erikson, Gould, Helson, and Levinson provide different perspectives on middle age in adulthood.
Describe each of these theories as it relates to middle adulthood.
On the basis of your readings, compare and contrast these theories. Which one gives a better explanation of middle adulthood?
Justify your answers with appropriate reasoning and research from your text and course readings. Comment on the postings of at least two peers, and provide an analysis of each peer’s postings while also suggesting specific additions or clarifications for improving the discussion question response.
.
Part 1 Review QuestionsWhat is the definition of information secu.docxMARRY7
Part 1: Review Questions
What is the definition of information security? What essential protections must be in place to protect information systems from danger?
Define the InfoSec processes of identification, authentication, authorization, and accountability.
Define project management. Why is project management of particular interest in the field of information security?
What are the five basic outcomes that should be achieved through information security governance?
What is a threat in the context of information security? How many categories of threats exist as presented in this chapter?
Part 2: Module Practice
Find an article that talks about relative risk either from inside the organization or form external sources. Once you locate and read it, compose a 1-2 page paper that summarizes your findings and critique the article. Use a word processor to complete your assignment and submit it as a .docx or .doc document.
.
Part 1 Review QuestionsWhat is a security modelWhat are the es.docxMARRY7
Part 1: Review Questions
What is a security model?
What are the essential processes of access control?
Identify at least two different approaches used to categorize access control methodologies. List the types of controls found in each.
What is COBIT? Who is its sponsor? What does it accomplish?
What is the standard of due care? How does it relate to due diligence?
What is baselining? How does it differ from benchmarking?
Part 2: Module Practice
Make a list of at least ten information security metrics that could be collected for a small internet commerce company with 10 employees. For this senario, the company uses an outside vendor for packaging and distribution. Whom should the metrics be reported?
.
Part 1 Listed below are several key Supreme Court decisions that .docxMARRY7
Part 1:
Listed below are several key Supreme Court decisions that resulted in a clarification of inmate rights.
Choose any one
of the cases listed below. Summarize the facts of the case, the issue that needed to be resolved, the court’s decision, and the reasoning behind the decision.
Helling v. McKinney
(1993)
Washington v. Harper
(1990)
Hudson v. Palmer
(1984)
Bell v. Wolfish
(1979)
Bounds v. Smith
(1977)
Estelle v. Gamble
(1976)
Wolff v. McDonnell
(1974)
.
Part 1 Infrastructure DesignCreate an 8–10-page infrastructur.docxMARRY7
Part 1: Infrastructure Design
Create an 8–10-page infrastructure design document in which you:
Identify the major hardware and software components of your hypothetical e-commerce company's information systems infrastructure.
Design your e-commerce company's hardware (database and proxy servers, network equipment) and software (analytics, big data, API, content management) from a size, scale, type, and interoperability standards perspective.
Document the potential security vulnerabilities and a security design for your e-commerce company.
Use graphical tools to create a data flow diagram (DFD) for your e-commerce company.
Use sources to support your writing.
Choose sources that are credible, relevant, and appropriate.
Cite each source listed on your source page at least one time within your assignment.
Part 2: Updated Gantt Chart
Use Microsoft Project to update the previously created Gantt chart with the major and minor tasks identified in the infrastructure design document.
.
More Related Content
Similar to Source informationDate Wed Feb 8, 2012 1223pmDocument ty.docx
This document discusses sex education policies in the U.S. and their outcomes. It argues that abstinence-only education has been ineffective and the U.S. has high teen pregnancy and STI rates compared to other developed nations. Comprehensive sex education that includes contraceptive information has been shown to be more effective. The document advocates amending policies to incentivize comprehensive sex education in schools based on its benefits seen in other countries.
This document discusses the issue of teen pregnancy, providing statistics that show 34% of teens become pregnant before age 20. It notes that teen pregnancy costs $7 billion annually in welfare costs. The document then provides more recent statistics on teen pregnancy rates and behaviors. It discusses how teen pregnancy affects communities by increasing poverty, crime, dropout rates, and costs taxpayers $9 billion or more annually. The document outlines signs of pregnancy, prevention methods, issues teen parents face, and resources available.
This document is an honors thesis analyzing factors that may contribute to the decline in teen birth rates in the United States. The author uses data from 2000, 2005, and 2008 on 11 factors from all 50 states and DC, including rape rates, abortion rates, education levels, income, religion, and beer consumption. Through linear regression analysis, the author finds rape rates, the percentage of Baptists in the population, and beer consumption rates have statistically significant positive relationships with teen birth rates. While abortion rates also showed significance, the positive relationship does not make logical sense, likely due to omitted variables. The author concludes these three significant factors may be contributing to the overall decline in teen birth rates in recent decades as the variables decrease. However,
This report analyzes the high rate of teen pregnancy through data and recommendations for reduction. It finds that while the teen pregnancy rate dropped in the 1990s, it has since increased by 5-14%. The report examines statistics on sexually active teens by age, gender, and race from 1990-1997 and estimates that 2-4 out of 10 teens may become pregnant by 2005 based on rate increases. Recommendations to reduce the rate include increasing access to condoms, birth control pills, and teaching abstinence.
Running Head Teen Pregnancy 1Teen Pregnancy .docxtoltonkendal
Running Head: Teen Pregnancy 1
Teen Pregnancy 2
Teen Pregnancy
Name
Institution
Date
Teen Pregnancy
Introduction
Early sexual activity is one of the major issues in the development of adolescents. Different surveys such as Youth Risk Behavior Survey and National Survey of Family Growth have established that most adolescents engage in sexual activities at earlier ages. However, older adolescents aged 15 years and older have recorded a reduction in sexual activity whereas those that are younger have recorded increased sexual activity. There are different factors that make adolescents engage in sexual activities. Some of these factors include peer pressure to engage in sexual activity, adolescents that mature earlier and the influence of the new media. The use of drugs as well as alcohol leads to reduced inhibitions hence, influencing unprotected sexual activity. Boys and girls that smoke or take alcohol are at risk of early sexual activity. This is because the use of these substances influences their decision making in social contexts.
Fake references According Peters, 2017, early sexual activity is associated with teen pregnancy. Teenage pregnancy has been a national concern for many decades. Teenage pregnancy in most cases complicates the development of adolescents and it leads to a difficultshift to young adulthood. This leads to potential limited economic and most important educational opportunities. There has been a significant teenage pregnancy decline in the last three decades. However, based on the National Campaign aimed at preventing teen pregnancy shows that out of ten girls, four of them get pregnant before they are twenty years old. Compared to other industrialized countries, United States has the highest teen pregnancy, abortion and birth rates (Peters, 2017).
Population Impacted and how they are affected.
Sexual risk behavior among adolescents in the United States is a major health concern. According to Rebecca et al, 2011, approximately 800,000 girls aged between fifteen and nineteen years get pregnant every year. In recent years, the proportion of sexually experienced adolescents has decreased. However, 34 percent of the ninth graders and 61 percent of the 12th graders agree to having had sexual intercourse. Of those that go to high school, 7 percent agree to have sex before their thirteenth birthday. Fake data
In 2015, 229,715babies were born to mothers aged between 15 years and 19 years. This represented a birth rate of approximately 22 per 1,000 girls in the 15-19 age group. This was a record low showing a drop of 8 percent from the previous year, 2014. There was also a significant drop of 9% for girls aged 15 to 17 and 7% for women between 18 years and 19 years. The decline was attributed to abstinence of teens from sexual activity and those that are were sexually active using birth control ...
William Allan Kritsonis, PhD, Editor-in-Chief, NATIONAL FORUM JOURNALS (Founded 1982). Article published by Dr. Joanna Hadjicostandi in the national refereed journal titled INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EDUCATION.
1. The document examines numerous influential factors that teens may consider when making decisions about sexual activity, including family structure, media influences, cultural attitudes, and religion. It notes that teen pregnancy is influenced by a combination of these interconnected societal and personal factors.
2. A case study of 62 students at an alternative school for pregnant and parenting teens provided insights into how teens view their situation and how it compares to literature on teen pregnancy.
3. There is no single cause of teen pregnancy; it arises due to a complex interplay of societal, cultural, and personal influences that uniquely affect each individual.
Similar to Source informationDate Wed Feb 8, 2012 1223pmDocument ty.docx (7)
Part 1.....InstructionsSelect one of the age groups disc.docxMARRY7
Part 1.....
Instructions
Select one of the age groups discussed in this unit (adolescent, adult, or elderly). Create a community health strategy for dealing with intentional and unintentional injuries (motor vehicle accidents, suicide, or violence).Your response should include information on the morbidity and mortality rates and the key factors associated with the injuries.Your APA-Style essay must be at least two pages in length (not counting the title and reference pages). All sources used, including the textbook, must be referenced; paraphrased and quoted material must have accompanying citations.
Part 2....... Need To Be 1 Paragraph Long
According to the Centers for Medicare Services (CMS), the Affordable Care Act (ACA) was designed to give U.S. citizens improved flexibility and control, allowing them to make more informed decisions about their own health plans and healthcare providers.
Now that the ACA has been in place for several years, do you feel that in fact happened? Discuss the strengths and weaknesses of the ACA today.
.
Part 1 – Add to Website PlanList at least three .docxMARRY7
Part 1 – Add to Website Plan
List
at least three interactive features that could be added to your
site and what purpose each would serve for your site and its visitors.
The form created in Part Two of this assignment can be included as
one of the interactive features.
Part 2 – Refine and finalize your website
Refine
and finalize your website by doing the following:
•
Add a simple web form—such as an order form, a subscription
to a newsletter, or a request for contact.
•
Use division or a table to structure the form elements.
•
Apply JavaScript
®
to validate the form.
•
Finalize a navigation system.
•
Use metadata to increase accessibility and search engine
optimization.
15
WEB/240 Version 1
8
•
Test for functionality and usability.
As in the prior assignment, use only Adobe
®
Dreamweaver
®
or
another HTML editor to refine the homepage developed in Week
Three.
Check
your HTML code using the Markup Validation Service on the
W3C
®
website, (www.w3.org) prior to submitting your web page(s).
A link to this site may be found in the Materials tab on your student
website.
Submit
all website files in a compressed folder.
.
Part 1 True or False Questions. (10 questions at 1 point each).docxMARRY7
Part 1: True or False Questions.
(10 questions at 1 point each)
T
F
A hash algorithm uses a one-way cryptographic function, whereas both secret-key and public-key systems use two-way (i.e., reversible) cryptographic functions.
Answer: _____
T
F
The strongest 3DES (Triple DES) requires the use of three independent keys.
Answer: _____
T
F
When it comes to the ethics of a particular situation, there is only one right answer.
Answer: _____
T
F
Packet filters protect networks by blocking packets based on the packets’ contents.
Answer: _____
T
F
The biggest advantage of
public-key
cryptography over
secret-key
cryptography is in the area of key management/key distribution.
Answer: _____
T
F
In terms of privacy laws, companies have no advantage over the government in terms of the types of data that a company can collect.
Answer: _____
T
F
Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) provide no protection from internal threats.
Answer: _____
T
F
A Denial-of-Service attack does not require the attacker to penetrate the target's security defenses.
Answer: _____
T
F
AES uses the Rijndael algorithm.
Answer: _____
T
F
A one-time pad is a safe house used only once by an undercover agent.
Answer: _____
Part 2: Multiple Choice Questions. Print
all
the correct answers in the blank following the question; in some cases a fully correct answer may require more than one lettered choice to be selected. (
Each question is worth 2 points.
There is no guarantee of partial credit for partially correct answers.)
If person A uses AES to transmit an encrypted message to person B, which key or keys will A have to use:
a.
A’s private key
b.
A’s public key
c.
B’s private key
d.
B’s public key
e.
None of the keys listed above
Answer(s): ____
From the perspective of
entropy
:
Plaintext will have a higher entropy than the ciphertext
The unequal frequency of characters in human languages tends to reduce the entropy of plaintext messages in that language
Encrypted messages appear to be noise-like
Plaintext requires more transmission bandwidth than ciphertext
None of the above
Answer(s): _____
Protection of a software program that uses a unique, novel algorithm could be legally protected by:
a.
A patent
b.
A copyright
c.
A patent and copyright
d.
Ethical standards
e.
All of the above
Answer(s): _____
Security
threats
include which of the following:
a.
Unlocked doors
b.
Disgruntled employees
c.
Hurricanes
d.
Un-patched software programs
e.
All of the above
Answer(s): _____
Denial of service attacks include:
a.
DNS poisoning
b.
Smurf attack
c.
Ping of death
d.
SYN flood
e.
All of the above
Answer(s): _____
Part 3: Short Answer Questions.
(10 questions at 5 points each)
Alan and Beatrice are both users of PKI. Explain how they use their keys to communicate when Alan sends a private message to Beatrice, and provides proof that he sent the message.
Answer:
Briefly describe the purpose of firewalls and how .
Part 11. Why is it so important in system engineering to become .docxMARRY7
Part 1
1. Why is it so important in system engineering to become familiar with some of the analytical methods?
2. Identify and describe some of the technologies that are being applied in the design process. Provide some examples of typical applications, and describe some of the benefits associated with the application of computerized methods in the design process.
3. How does CAM and CAS relate to system engineering? Describe some possible impacts.
4. How is design review and evaluation accomplished? Why is it important relative to meeting system engineering objectives? Describe some of the checks and balances in the design process.
5. What is included in the establishment of a "functional” baseline, Allocated baseline, and Product baseline? Why is baseline management important?
6. What is configuration management (CM) and how does it relate to system engineering? Define Configuration Identification (CI) and Configuration Status Accounting (CSA).
Part 2
Select a system of your choice, and construct a sequential flow diagram of the overall system development process. Identify the major tasks in system development, and develop a plan/schedule of formal design review. Briefly describe what is covered in each.
Part 3
Discuss some of the problems associated with the application of computerized methods in the design process. Provide examples. What cautions must be observed?
.
Part 1 Using the internet, search for commercial IDPS systems. What.docxMARRY7
Part 1: Using the internet, search for commercial IDPS systems. What classification systems and descriptions are used and how can these be used to compare the features and components of each IDPS? Create a comparison spreadsheet identifying the classification systems you find.
Part 2: What are some of the legal and ethical issues surrounding the use of intrusion detection systems logs and other technology tools as evidence in criminal and legal matters?
Part 3: Write a 2 - 3 page APA style paper summarizing the background, description, and purpose of NIST Special Publication 800-94,
Guide to Intrusion Detection and Prevention Systems
. The last section of your paper should be titled "Author Reflection" and should reflect your critique of the publication examined. You are not expected to read the entire guide, you should be mainly concerned with section two of the report, titled "Intrusion Detection and Prevention Principles" and section three of the report, titled "IDPS Technologies."
Part 4:
Why is it so important in system engineering to become familiar with some of the analytical methods?
Identify and describe some of the technologies that are being applied in the design process. Provide some examples of typical applications, and describe some of the benefits associated with the application of computerized methods in the design process.
How does CAM and CAS relate to system engineering? Describe some possible impacts.
How is design review and evaluation accomplished? Why is it important relative to meeting system engineering objectives? Describe some of the checks and balances in the design process.
What is included in the establishment of a "functional” baseline, Allocated baseline, and Product baseline? Why is baseline management important?
What is configuration management (CM) and how does it relate to system engineering? Define Configuration Identification (CI) and Configuration Status Accounting (CSA).
Part 5: Select a system of your choice, and construct a sequential flow diagram of the overall system development process. Identify the major tasks in system development, and develop a plan/schedule of formal design review. Briefly describe what is covered in each.
Part 6:
Discuss some of the problems associated with the application of computerized methods in the design process. Provide examples. What cautions must be observed?
.
Part 1- Create an outline of the assignment below thenPart 2-1000 .docxMARRY7
Part 1- Create an outline of the assignment below then
Part 2-1000 word assignment
Your fast-food franchise has been cleared for business in all 4 countries (United Arab Emirates, Israel, Mexico, and China). You now have to start construction on your restaurants. The financing is coming from the United Arab Emirates, the materials are coming from Mexico and China, the engineering and technology are coming from Israel , and the labor will be hired locally within these countries by your management team from the United States. You invite all of the players to the headquarters in the United States for a big meeting to explain the project and get to know one another. The people seem to be staying with their own groups and not mingling.
What is the cultural phenomenon at play here (what is it called/ term)?
How do you explain the lack of intercultural communication and interaction?
What do you know about these cultures—specifically their economic, political, educational, and social systems—that could help you in getting them together?
What are some of the contrasting cultural values of these countries?
You are concerned about some of the language barriers as you start the meeting, particularly the fact that the United States is a low-context country, and some of the countries present are high-context countries. Furthermore, you only speak English, and you do not have an interpreter present.
How will this affect the presentation?
What are some of the issues you should be concerned about regarding verbal and nonverbal language for this group?
What strategy would you use to begin to have everyone develop a relationship with each other that will help ease future negotiations, development, and implementation?
.
Part 1 Review QuestionsWhat is the difference between criminal la.docxMARRY7
Part 1: Review Questions
What is the difference between criminal law and civil law?
What is privacy, in the context of information security?
What is intellectual property? Is it offered the same protection in every country of the world? What laws currently protect it in the U.S. and Europe?
What are the three general categories of unethical and illegal behavior?
Part 2: Module Practice
What does CISSP stand for? Using the Internet, find out what continuing education is required in order for the holder of a CISSP to remain current and in good standing.
.
Part 1 Review QuestionsWhat is the difference between authenticat.docxMARRY7
The document contains two parts. Part 1 lists review questions about authentication vs authorization, network security relationships, network vs host intrusion detection systems, and VPNs. Part 2 instructs the reader to create a spreadsheet that encrypts values using a transposition cipher, then further encrypts the results using a substitution cipher.
Part 1 SQLDatabase workScenarioDevelopment of a relationa.docxMARRY7
Part 1: SQL/Database work
Scenario
Development of a relational database system for a food producing company
FoodRU is a Leicester-based food producing company. The company wants to keep details regarding both past and present employees and their assignment to shifts over time. At present, there are three defined shift patterns; the morning shift starts at 6am and finishes at 2pm, the day shift starts at 9am and finishes at 5pm, and the evening shift starts at 4pm and finishes at 12am (midnight). However, management have already indicated that they may need to add further shift patterns in the future (e.g., by adding a night shift to the existing ones so that the company can meet a high user demand for their foods). They therefore require shift details to be stored within a separate Shift table, with attributes that allow the storage of a shift name with its associated start and finish times (use the 24 hour clock for these times).
Past and present employee details are to be kept in the same Employee table, and the details to be kept are the employee’s unique 6 digit reference number, the first name, surname and any other names (if there are any) of the employee, the employee’s gender, contact address and contact telephone, the date on which the employee started his/her employment at the company and the date on which the employee finished his/her employment at the company (should s/he be a past employee). Details regarding staff assignments to shifts include the date that an employee was allocated to work a particular shift, and the date that s/he was taken off the shift (if not still assigned to it). Employees can be assigned to different shifts over time and even to the same shift over different time periods, although they cannot be assigned to more than one shift at any one time. A new employee may not yet be assigned to a shift.
Tasks:
1. Provide the table specifications for the THREE tables that are required by FoodRU to store employee, shift and assignment details. That is, for each of the three tables, you should provide, in a suitable presentation format, the name of the table and a specification of each its attributes to include:
• Attribute name
• Attribute brief description as to its meaning
• a description of the attribute’s data type/integrity (e.g., date field, character field of length 20, number field <= 10, etc. – you can use the Oracle data types within these descriptions if you want to)
• An indication as to whether the attribute is a primary key attribute and/or foreign key attribute
• An indication as to whether the attribute can or cannot take null values
Make sure your design specifies the appropriate links between the three tables. Remember to write down any additional integrity you need to enforce either at a specific table level or across two or more tables, if this is required. Also, remember to write down any justifications for the data types/integrity or for any other design features that.
Part 1 Review QuestionsWhat functions constitute a complete infor.docxMARRY7
Part 1: Review Questions
What functions constitute a complete information security program?
What is the typical size of the security staff in a small organization? A medium-sized organization? A large organization? A very large organization?
Where can an organization place the information security unit? Where should (and shouldn’t) it be placed?
Into what four areas should the information security functions be divided?
Part 2: Module Practice
Design three security posters on various aspects of information security using a graphics presentation program and clip art. Describe the methods you used to develop your design.
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Part 1A persons lifestyle has a significant influence on the p.docxMARRY7
Part 1:
A person's lifestyle has a significant influence on the person's health and development as he or she moves into middle age (and old age). Stability and change are also common factors in an adult's life.
Describe how middle adulthood provides stability in a person's life. Explain some of the factors that would lead to stability in a person's life as he or she moves through middle age.
Describe some of the more common lifestyle issues that have a negative impact on a person's continued development. Explain how a person may be able to reverse some of the lifestyle influences.
On the basis of your readings, describe what is meant by a midlife crisis. Explain why a midlife crisis may or may not be critical.
Part 2:
Erikson, Gould, Helson, and Levinson provide different perspectives on middle age in adulthood.
Describe each of these theories as it relates to middle adulthood.
On the basis of your readings, compare and contrast these theories. Which one gives a better explanation of middle adulthood?
Justify your answers with appropriate reasoning and research from your text and course readings. Comment on the postings of at least two peers, and provide an analysis of each peer’s postings while also suggesting specific additions or clarifications for improving the discussion question response.
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Part 1 Review QuestionsWhat is the definition of information secu.docxMARRY7
Part 1: Review Questions
What is the definition of information security? What essential protections must be in place to protect information systems from danger?
Define the InfoSec processes of identification, authentication, authorization, and accountability.
Define project management. Why is project management of particular interest in the field of information security?
What are the five basic outcomes that should be achieved through information security governance?
What is a threat in the context of information security? How many categories of threats exist as presented in this chapter?
Part 2: Module Practice
Find an article that talks about relative risk either from inside the organization or form external sources. Once you locate and read it, compose a 1-2 page paper that summarizes your findings and critique the article. Use a word processor to complete your assignment and submit it as a .docx or .doc document.
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Part 1 Review QuestionsWhat is a security modelWhat are the es.docxMARRY7
Part 1: Review Questions
What is a security model?
What are the essential processes of access control?
Identify at least two different approaches used to categorize access control methodologies. List the types of controls found in each.
What is COBIT? Who is its sponsor? What does it accomplish?
What is the standard of due care? How does it relate to due diligence?
What is baselining? How does it differ from benchmarking?
Part 2: Module Practice
Make a list of at least ten information security metrics that could be collected for a small internet commerce company with 10 employees. For this senario, the company uses an outside vendor for packaging and distribution. Whom should the metrics be reported?
.
Part 1 Listed below are several key Supreme Court decisions that .docxMARRY7
Part 1:
Listed below are several key Supreme Court decisions that resulted in a clarification of inmate rights.
Choose any one
of the cases listed below. Summarize the facts of the case, the issue that needed to be resolved, the court’s decision, and the reasoning behind the decision.
Helling v. McKinney
(1993)
Washington v. Harper
(1990)
Hudson v. Palmer
(1984)
Bell v. Wolfish
(1979)
Bounds v. Smith
(1977)
Estelle v. Gamble
(1976)
Wolff v. McDonnell
(1974)
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Part 1 Infrastructure DesignCreate an 8–10-page infrastructur.docxMARRY7
Part 1: Infrastructure Design
Create an 8–10-page infrastructure design document in which you:
Identify the major hardware and software components of your hypothetical e-commerce company's information systems infrastructure.
Design your e-commerce company's hardware (database and proxy servers, network equipment) and software (analytics, big data, API, content management) from a size, scale, type, and interoperability standards perspective.
Document the potential security vulnerabilities and a security design for your e-commerce company.
Use graphical tools to create a data flow diagram (DFD) for your e-commerce company.
Use sources to support your writing.
Choose sources that are credible, relevant, and appropriate.
Cite each source listed on your source page at least one time within your assignment.
Part 2: Updated Gantt Chart
Use Microsoft Project to update the previously created Gantt chart with the major and minor tasks identified in the infrastructure design document.
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part 1 I attended an international conference on Biotechnology and .docxMARRY7
part 1: I attended an international conference on Biotechnology and one of the sessions I went to was on the subject of bio-engineering a "death gene" that could be introduced into the mosquito population and destroy every mosquito on earth. The discussion that ensued was about the ethics of such a thing. I want you to tell how you feel about introducing such a gene. Look up something about this. Your reference does not have to be about this particular gene, but can be about anything that relates to the discussion. Remember to cite your reference, and write at least 150 words
part 2:
Respond to another student
respond to this
I think that with regulation of the mosquito communities would be a good thing. Mosquitos carry many dangerous diseases and if we can lower the population we can slow the rate of transmission of these diseases. This could save many many lives around the world. I would be hesitant though to release the genetically engineered mosquitos into the environment. In the article I read they releases sterile male mosquitos into the environment. This I feel is a safer way to regulate because we are not altering any genes we are just regulating a naturally occurring issue in nature. Sterile males cannot pass on the genes and also male mosquitos are not the ones who would be likely to pass on the diseases. The article stated that only females bite and therefore males would not be capable of spreading the diseases. With sterile males being released there will be less mosquitos due to lack of repopulation. This will still allow organisms relying on mosquitos for food to still be able to survive with less risk to humans. They are an invasive species so it would help to eliminate the spread of mosquitos to different areas. This will keep the spread of disease throughout areas. I do not think it is right to alter the genes for human use though. It is not how nature had intended. If the gene pops up naturally in the population then it should not be taken out but we should not introduce it due to humans "playing God" with genetics. "Mosquitoes Engineered To Kill Their Own Kind." NPR. NPR, n.d. Web. 22 July 2014. .
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Part 1 Chapter 7 Summary plus end of chapter discussion of Alfred.docxMARRY7
Part 1:
Chapter 7 Summary plus end of chapter discussion of Alfred Marshall, should be 100-250 words
Part 2: The discussion on the first 7 pages is a satire on the economists (known as the neoclassical economists).
List 4 passages that can be considered satire.
(You need not write the entire passage.
Simply show clearly where the passage begins and ends.)
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Parent Involvement Plan This week you will create a Parent Involve.docxMARRY7
Parent Involvement Plan
This week you will create a Parent Involvement Plan in response to the following scenario:
Imagine you are working with infant, toddler and preschool aged children in a child care center. The majority of the children has special needs and receives early intervention or are on an IEP. Many of the children’s parents work two jobs and have a difficult time participating in the center's activities. Whenever the center plans an event, the parental involvement is lower than desired. The center has tried to increase parental involvement through such methods as calling to remind parents and sending home notices, but is not having any luck.
Your assignment is to create a Parental Involvement Plan to encourage better participation from parents. Follow these steps to develop your plan:
Step 1:
Identify the issue, discuss your beliefs about the situation, and formulate conclusions and offer suggestions to the director of the child care center.
Step 2:
Create a Parent Involvement Plan that your director can copy and paste into the employee and parent handbook. Your plan should include:
The importance of early intervention and individual educational plans
Ways to assist students and their families
The importance of parent involvement
Please use the template provided and your rubric as your guide to completing this assignment.
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Parenting Practices Over GenerationsGeneration 1 Years children.docxMARRY7
Parenting Practices Over Generations
Generation 1: Years children were raised (19XX-XXXX)
Generation 2: Years
Generation 3: Years
Parenting Practice 1: Education
Parenting Practice 2:
Parenting Practice 3:
Parenting Practice 4:
.
ParamsThe interface must be pleasing to look at (a basic form wit.docxMARRY7
Params:
The interface must be pleasing to look at (a basic form with the four fields listed below, a playlist queue (checked listbox) and media player will suffice).
There must be a separate file that will contain information about each soundtrack in your system. That information will be:
Title;
Artist;
Note area;
Type; and
Anything else that you wish to include on each record.
There must be a way to add data to this file.
There must be a way to delete data from this file.
There must be at least one report using data from the file.
There must be a queue to allow you to play selected music tracks in sequence (like two in a row) without manual intervention.
There must be a way to show the data in at least two different sequences (by title, by artist, etc.).
There must be documentation explaining how your Jukebox works (how you add songs, play songs, etc.).
Currently there is a Text file that contains the information about the wav files to be played, several wav files that the text file references. I have also made an access database from the text file.
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Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.
Thinking of getting a dog? Be aware that breeds like Pit Bulls, Rottweilers, and German Shepherds can be loyal and dangerous. Proper training and socialization are crucial to preventing aggressive behaviors. Ensure safety by understanding their needs and always supervising interactions. Stay safe, and enjoy your furry friends!
A workshop hosted by the South African Journal of Science aimed at postgraduate students and early career researchers with little or no experience in writing and publishing journal articles.
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
Advantages and Disadvantages of CMS from an SEO Perspective
Source informationDate Wed Feb 8, 2012 1223pmDocument ty.docx
1. ** Source information:
Date: Wed Feb 8, 2012 12:23pm
Document type: ArticleTitle: “Teen pregnancy, abortion rates at
record low, study says”
Authors: By James B. Kelleher, Editing by Cynthia Johnston
Source: “Teen pregnancy, abortion rates at record low, study
says.”reuters.com. Feb 8, 2012
< http://www.reuters.com/article/2012/02/08/us-teen-
pregnancy-idUSTRE8171J020120208>.
** Summary:
Since 1972 until 2008, the rate of pregnancy and abortion
among teenagers in the United States decreased significantly,
and the rate of contraceptive use increased. In 2008, which is
the most recent year that the Guttmacher researchers looked at
government statistics on teen-age sex, pregnancies, births and
abortion. They found that nearly 750,000 U.S. women under the
age of 20 became pregnant in 2008, nearly 98 percent of them
between the ages of 15 and 19. In 2008 the rate of teen abortion
had decreased since 1972. The researchers and analyzers think
the percentage decreased because both male and female teens
used contraception. The researchers found that teen who had
pregnancies and abortions between the ages of 15to 17 may be
affected long-term. This long-term affect could show as a
decline in their sexual activity. However, Racial and ethnic
disparities are still seen in the African American communities.
They found that the abortion rate is still two to four times that
of their white peers. In addition, in 2008 they found the birth
rates for Hispanic and black teens were more than twice those
of the counterpart, and the Hispanic teen abortion rate were
twice as high as the rate of white peers and black teen abortion
rate were four times higher than the rate of the Caucasian.
** Quotations:
2. 1. The researcher said that the disparities between race affect
the teens and make them abort a fetus:
But disparities among racial and ethnic groups continued to
persist, with black and Hispanic teens experiencing pregnancy
and abortion rates two to four times higher than their white
peers, the Guttmacher Institute, the nonprofit sexual health
research group that conducted the analysis, said.
2. The percentage of the teens pregnant decreased because teen
are more alert, to the use of contraceptives “The teen abortion
rate in 2008 dropped to the lowest rate seen since 1972 at 17.8
per 1,000 teen girls and women, the analysis found, and was
down 59 percent from 1988 when the abortion rate peaked at
43.5 per 1,000 teen women. The Guttmacher researchers said
the decline in teen birthrates was largely attributable to
increased contraceptive use by teens of both genders.”
** Paraphrasing:
Original paragraph:
The Guttmacher researchers said the decline in teen birthrates
was largely attributable to increased contraceptive use by teens
of both genders. Among women aged 15 to 17, about a quarter
of the long-term decline in pregnancies, births and abortions
could be attributable to reduced sexual activity, the researchers
said.
Paraphrased paragraph:
The researcher found that the rate of teen pregnancy decreased
because of increase in using the contraceptive on both of male
and female teens. In addition, researchers found that teen
females who aged between 15-17, may be affect their sexual life
on long term, if they faced pregnancy and abortion at a young
age
**Respond:
This article talked about the pregnancy and abortion of
3. teenagers, as well as, the percentage of the abortions since 1972
and how it decreased through 2008. It also addresses how race
affects these statistics and the differences between the races
such as African American, Hispanic…etc. The researchers found
the main cause for the decline in abortion was teen awareness to
contraception. I was really shocked at that rate of the abortion
in 1972. It was nearly 98 percent teens between the ages of 15
and 19. In 2008, the rate decreased to 59 percent. A lot of teens
use contraceptives today.
**Source information:
Date: May 27, 2009
Document type: Article
Title: “Why Teens Choose Abortion: How Parental
Involvement, Abortion Access, Educational Aspirations Play a
Role ”
Authors: Linda Lowen
Source: “Why Teens Choose Abortion: How Parental
Involvement, Abortion Access, Educational Aspirations Play a
Role ” about.com. May 27, 2009
<http://womensissues.about.com/od/teenpregnancy/a/TeenAbort
Reasons.htm>
**Summary:
Study shows that teens and share similar reasons as to
why they abortion and some of the reasons include priorities,
finance, preparedness and fear of unknown. Factors that
influence choices especially for abortion in teens include
parent, society, religion, peer, educational levels, educational
levels, socioeconomic status and access to family planning
facilities.
Parent’s involvement
There involvement influences the choices the teens make. The
various states have different regulation on how to secure
abortion. Parents need to know the sexual activeness of their
teens in order to ease relations and decisions for the teen.
4. Education levels
Teens fear changes that come with having a baby
especially the fear of negative impacts on their lives. There is
fear of education interruption that has ramifications in other
aspects in life such as poverty. Pregnant teens tend to compare
their condition and that of others who have successfully aborted
and succeeded in life and they may want to imitate them.
Comparisons show that pregnant teens are disadvantaged since
their education is affected since they do not get time to attend
to school matters. According to study, only 2 percent of teen
moms at age below 18 attain college degree by the age of 30.
Abortion providers
There is little access to abortion services in the U.S. A
study by one federation shows that in 2005, about 87 percent of
counties in the U.S. do not have abortion facilities. Study shows
service seekers travel long distances for abortion services and
the laws on parent notifications also limit access to services.
Cultural influence
Fear of discussing pregnancy is a deep-rooted topic and
secretive to extend of being an obstacle to potential help to
teens. Lack of communication could some times lead to
contemplation of abortion due to helplessness. Unguided
abortions could sometimes lead to severe consequences
including death.
Fear of shame
Teens see abortion as a way of hiding their sexual
activities and associated “shame”. Teens are sensitive to peer
ridicule and this influences pregnant teens to consider abortion.
Media portrayal of Teen Pregnancy and Abortion
Over the years, the media has changed the old views of the
topic with considerable influence toward living normal lives for
the pregnant teens. Increased cases of teen pregnancies
highlighted by the media have helped shade the taboo notion
with many discussing it openly. The positive view of the topic
5. has caused many pregnant teens to choose motherhood and with
growing admiration for having babies, teen abortion may reduce
to the minimal.
**Quotations:
1. The Guttmacher Institute has given similar views about
reasons for teen abortion. The institute quote reasons such as:
“Not wanting their lives changed by the birth of a baby, not
being able to afford a baby and not feeling mature or
responsible enough to raise a child”
2. A study by Planned Parenthood Federation of America,
suggest
“In 2005 87% of counties in the United States had no abortion
provider. Estimates of women who obtained abortions in 2005
indicate that 25% traveled at least 50 miles, and 8% traveled
more than 100 miles. Eight states were served by fewer than
five abortion providers”.
**Paraphrasing:
Original paragraph:
According to Planned Parenthood Federation of America, in
2005 87% of counties in the United States had no abortion
provider. Estimates of women who obtained abortions in 2005
indicate that 25% traveled at least 50 miles, and 8% traveled
more than 100 miles. Eight states were served by fewer than
five abortion providers. North Dakota has only one abortion
provider.
Paraphrased paragraph
A 2005 study by Planned Parenthood Federation of America
suggested that as many as 87 percent of U.S. counties did not
have abortion services. Same study says that up to 25 percent of
abortion seeker travelled a minimum of 50 miles to seek
services while another 8 percent travelled at least 100 miles.
North Dakota had one provider while there were fewer than five
abortion providers in about eight states.
6. **Respond:
Teen abortion is still a controversial issue especially with
objections by some mainstream religious groups that is
ultimately enhancing the trend towards teen mothers. Although
it is clear that teen motherhood is a potential distraction to the
lives of the child, the stakeholders should try device ways to
eliminate obstacles and enable them leave a normal live.
** Source information:
Date: Tuesday, Jan. 26, 2010
Document type: Article
Title: “New Data: Teen Pregnancy, Abortion on the Rise”
Authors: Belinda Luscombe
Source: “New Data: Teen Pregnancy, Abortion on the Rise”
time.com. Jan. 26, 2010
<
http://content.time.com/time/health/article/0,8599,1956645,00.h
tml >
**Summary:
Until 2006, the rates of teen pregnancies have been on the
decline for more than a decade and half according to credible
sources from Guttmacher and Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention reports. According to the reports, most of the
pregnancies were among ages 18 and 19. These reports are a
source of information for stakeholders in churches, schools and
government. The rate of pregnancies has fluctuated over the
years since the 1970s. The 1990s records the highest number of
teen pregnancies.
Recent increases in teen pregnancies have been more in the
minority segment although in the overall, it has been declining.
Studies conducted in 2005 show that white teen pregnancy was
at 4.4 percent as compared to 12 for black and non-white
7. Hispanic although it was considerable decline for both.
Guttmacher report breaks down pregnancy figure for ease of use
for stakeholders. The institute champions many options
associated with challenges of teen pregnancies besides
abstinence.
Abortion trend shows that those more inclined to perform it are
whites and Hispanic teenagers. For example, studies by
Guttmacher in 1990 shows that about 43.9 percent of pregnant
white teenager committed abortion while in 2006, about 29.3
percent terminated their pregnancies. In the same period, the
Hispanics experienced 22.9 percent while black teens were 41
percent. Most teens surveyed by Guttmacher cited reasons for
abortion as protection of self-esteem, influence from peer
pressure, need to continue with education, societal pressure, and
lack of guidance and fear of the unknown. The trends started in
2006 are yet to take its levels and stakeholders are keen to see
if the trends are likely to continue or change.
**Quotations:
1. The Guttmacher Institute is supportive of a broad based
approach to teen pregnancy and abortion. Heather Boonstra
who is a senior public policy associate at the New York City–
based organization says that;
“"A strong body of research shows that these programs do not
work,"
2. Guttmacher institute has studied trends among the various
races and ethnic groups and in one of its report in says that;
“ in 1990, 43.9% of pregnant white teens terminated their
pregnancies.” The report goes ahead to compare the numbers
with the other ethnic composition. The report says, “Among
Hispanics, the rate dropped from 28.1% to 22.9% in the same
period. But among black teens, the rate has not moved much in
15 years — holding steady at about 41%.”
**Paraphrasing:
Original paragraph:
“When it comes to abortion, the trend line has been heading
8. downward among whites and Hispanic teens. In 1990, 43.9% of
pregnant white teens terminated their pregnancies, according to
the Guttmacher report. In 2006, 29.3% did. Among Hispanics,
the rate dropped from 28.1% to 22.9% in the same period. But
among black teens, the rate has not moved much in 15 years —
holding steady at about 41%.”
Paraphrased paragraph
Abortion trends show higher trends among whites and Hispanic
teens as compared to black teens. A report by Guttmacher shows
that almost half of the pregnant teens at 43.9 percent secured
abortions as compared to 41 percent and 22.9 percent among the
blacks and Hispanic teens.
**Respond
The article is quite detailed concerning managing teen
pregnancies as a way of approaching the topic. The broad based
approach highlighted by the article focuses on the use of
information to address issues of diversity. In addition, it looks
at ways in which stakeholders can respond through education,
information and new innovative methods.
Source Information for Article on the Religious Perspectives of
Abortion
Date: January 16, 2013
Document type: Article
Title: Religious Groups’ Official Positions on Abortion
Authors: Pew ResearchCenter
Source:http://www.pewforum.org/2013/01/16/religious-groups-
official-positions-on-abortion/
Summary
The article, “Religious Group’s Official Positions on Abortion”
focuses on the identification of the religious positions of
various churches on the controversial issue of abortion. The
religious groups covered in the article include U.S.A’s Baptist
churches, Buddhism, Catholicism, and Latter-day Saints’
Church of Christ, Episcopal Church, Hinduism, American
9. Evangelical Lutheran Church, Islam, Judaism, United Methodist
Church, United Church of Christ, Southern Baptist Convention,
National Council of Churches, and Presbyterian Church
(U.S.A).
The American Baptist Churches does not condemn abortion but
oppose the application of abortion as a way of birth control.
Buddhism does not have an official position regarding abortion,
but many of them are in support of the argument that the life of
an individual begins right at conception. They also believe that
it is morally wrong for one to kill. Catholicism, in their stand,
opposes any form of abortion. The Latter-day Saints’ Church of
Christ opposes abortion but permits the practicing of abortion in
special circumstances such as when the life of the mother is in
danger. Episcopal Church on their part accepts the right for a
woman to undertake abortion only in cases such as the
occurrence of fetal abnormalities, cases involving risks to the
health of the mother, incest or rape.
In Hinduism, abortion is highly condemned unless the mother’s
life is in danger. In the case of American Evangelical Lutheran
Church, abortion before fetus viability is acceptable while
abortion after fetus viability is condemned. The Islam religion,
on their part accepts abortion done within four months after
conception. However, the abortion done after four months from
the time of conception is condemned. The Jewish religion
teaches for the sanctioning abortion as a way in which the life
of the mother is safeguarded. In general, the article shows that
though there might be special considerations among the
different religious groups, abortion is generally condemned by
religious groups.
Quotations
1. “elective abortion for personal or social convenience is
contrary to the will and the commandments of God” (Pew
ResearchCenter, par. 4). From the quotation, it is clear that the
abortion that is done based on either social convenience or
personal convenience, according to the teachings of the God’s
commandments, is not accepted.
10. 2. “abortion prior to viability [of a fetus] should not be
prohibited by law or by lack of public funding” (Pew
ResearchCenter, par. 6)
This statement of the quotation supports abortion that is carried
out before the fetus becomes viable. It thus does not accept any
opposition from law.
Paraphrasing
Original Paragraph
In accordance with its widely publicized anti-abortion
teachings, the Catholic Church opposes abortion in all
circumstances and often leads the national debate on abortion.
Paraphrased Paragraph
Based on Catholic Church’s teachings on anti-abortion, Catholic
Church condemns abortion undertaken under all circumstances.
Response: Based on the general views of the various religious
groups, abortion is generally non-permissible. However, there
are circumstances in which it is permissible such as the time
when the mother’s life is in danger. I also support this argument
because abortion done to save the life of a mother is ethically
permissible.
Source information for the article that accepts that Abortion is
Murder
Date: 1997
Document type: Article
Title: Human Personhood Begins at Conception
Authors: PETER KREEFT
Source:http://catholiceducation.org/articles/abortion/ab0004.ht
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Summary
In the article, the author has highlighted the arguments that the
supporters of abortion employ in trying to show that abortion is
not murder. These are the main arguments that are employed to
argue and support that the unborn child cannot be considered to
be a person. The author then goes ahead to support why such
arguments are not true arguments. In the article, the author
11. argues that both the Christians and the non-Christians take
different sides regarding abortion. He mentions that there is no
clear cut on the issue of abortion because abortion is a very
controversial issue. These arguments about abortion, according
to the author, are all about the determination on whether or not
the life of an individual begins right after conception or not.
According to the pro-abortionists, abortion is not murder
because they do not accept that life starts right when conception
takes place, an argument that is strongly opposed by the author,
who believes that life starts immediately after conception. The
article presents seven arguments that are employed to support
that abortion is murder.
Quotations
1. “peace on earth, good will toward men” (KREEFT, par.4).
The quotation above is used to imply that abortion is evil and
that abortion is murder. This is based on the biblical argument
that human beings are created in God’s image and that all
human beings are sacred. The above quotation thus calls for the
abolition of abortion as it denies the right to live.
2. “Thou shalt not kill” (KREEFT, par.19). This is one of the
commandments of God. This quotation seeks to explain that the
killing of human beings, deliberately, is an act that is forbidden.
Since abortion is a deliberate killing undertaking, it is thus
equated to murder thus should not be practiced.
Paraphrasing
Original paragraph
There are no “potential persons” any more than there are
potential apes. All persons are actual, as all apes are actual.
Actual apes are potential swimmers, and actual persons are
potential philosophers. The being is actual, the functioning is
potential. The objection confuses “a potential person” with “a
potentially functioning person”-Functionalism again.
Paraphrased paragraph
Just as there are no potential apes, thus are no potential persons.
Both the apes and the persons are all actual. Actual apes are
considered to be potential swimmers and on the other hand,
12. actual persons are equated to actual philosophers. In both cases,
beings are considered to be actual while the functioning of these
beings is considered to be potential. The whole controversy in
the issue is based on the confusion that exists between
functionally functioning persons and potential persons.
Response
Abortion is a very controversial subject. However, I believe that
abortion is murder because it ii denies the fetus the life, that
according to the bible, begins right after conception.
Works cited
Pew ResearchCenter. Religious Groups’ Official Positions on
Abortion. January 16, 2013. November 14, 2013. Retrieved
from: http://www.pewforum.org/2013/01/16/religious-groups-
official-positions-on-abortion/
KREEFT, PETER. Human Personhood Begins at Conception.
1997. November 14, 2013. Retrieved from:
http://catholiceducation.org/articles/abortion/ab0004.html
Cause Effect Outline Template
Name:
____________________________________________________
I. Introduction – Thesis Statement
II. Background of Event/Situation – Important info your
audience should know about
the event or situation you have been researching. Often this will
be a explanation of
13. what happened (Who, what, where, when, etc). This should
develop the context of
your research topic.
(Note: If you are doing only Causes, each following section will
introduce a new cause. If you are doing only
Effects, each following section will introduce each new effect.
If you are examining both Causes and Effects,
each Cause should be presented first, then each Effect.
III. First Cause / Effect
A. Explanation of the cause/effect
1. Specific Research Support (Say)
2. Your analysis of your research information (Mean, Matter)
B. Additional Supporting Idea with explanation
1. Specific Research Support (Say)
2. Your analysis of your research information (Mean, Matter)
IV. Second Cause / Effect
C. Explanation of the cause/effect
3. Specific Research Support (Say)
4. Your analysis of your research information (Mean, Matter)
14. D. Additional Supporting Idea with explanation
3. Specific Research Support (Say)
4. Your analysis of your research information (Mean, Matter)
V. Third Cause / Effect
E. Explanation of the cause/effect
5. Specific Research Support (Say)
6. Your analysis of your research information (Mean, Matter)
F. Additional Supporting Idea with explanation
5. Specific Research Support (Say)
6. Your analysis of your research information (Mean, Matter)
ETC. Continue this process if you have more Causes or Effects
VI. Conclusion – Restate Thesis, Summarize Key
Causes/Effects, Final comment
VII. Works Cited
VIII. Appendix
A. Survey Questions, Tabulation, Charts