Sound Waves
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The document discusses different types of waves including mechanical waves, electromagnetic waves, transverse waves, and longitudinal waves. It provides examples that electromagnetic waves are transverse waves, require a medium, and particles in transverse waves vibrate perpendicular to the direction of wave travel. The document also reviews characteristics of different types of waves.
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Waves can transfer energy from one location to another without transferring material. There are two main types of waves: transverse waves and longitudinal waves. Transverse waves have vibrations perpendicular to the direction of energy transfer, forming crests and troughs, like water waves and light waves. Longitudinal waves have vibrations parallel to the energy transfer, forming compressions and rarefactions, like sound waves moving through air. Many common phenomena involve different types of waves, such as dropping a rock in water creating transverse waves, using a microwave to heat food via transverse electromagnetic waves, and hearing sounds through longitudinal air pressure waves.
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This document discusses the three main types of rocks: igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic. It explains that igneous rocks form from cooled magma and have large crystals if they cool slowly, small crystals if they cool fast, and no crystals if they cool extremely fast. Sedimentary rocks form from pieces of other rocks, once-living things, or liquid solutions that harden over time. Metamorphic rocks form from intense heat or pressure that transforms existing rocks.
Igneous Rocks
The document discusses properties of minerals including that minerals are inorganic, have crystal structures, and can be identified by properties like hardness, streak, cleavage, and crystal form. Halite is identified as having cubic crystal formation and displaying fracture when it breaks.
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Sound Waves
- 1. 1. A wave is a disturbance that carries through matter or empty space. A. matter B. particles C. energy D. a medium E. water 2. Electromagnetic waves . A. are transverse waves B. require a medium C. are mechanical waves D. are longitudinal waves E. are tortional 3. Waves that require or travel through a medium are called . A. longitudinal waves B. transverse waves C. mechanical waves D. tortional waves E. all of the above 4. For which type of waves do particles in the medium vibrate perpendicular to the direction in which the wave is traveling? A. transverse waves B. longitudinal waves C. P waves D. all of the above E. None of the above
- 2. ReviewReview Mechanical waves Electromagnetic waves Transverse waves Longitudinal waves Characteristics of waves
- 3. SoundSound Is a longitudinal wave Needs a medium to travel through The source of a sound wave vibrates rapidly
- 4. SoundSound This causes pressure vibrations Which causes air molecules to vibrate
- 5. SoundSound Air molecules bunch together in some places Compressions Spread out at other places Rarefactions
- 7. PitchPitch How high or how low a sound is Not how loud Depends on the frequency Faster the frequency, the higher the pitch
- 8. PitchPitch Low pitch High pitch Same amplitude, different frequency
- 9. LoudnessLoudness Depends on the amplitude Higher amplitude, louder sound
- 11. EchoEcho Sound waves that bounce off a surface Sound will reflect off hard surfaces They will be absorbed by soft surfaces
- 12. ResonanceResonance When two objects naturally vibrate at the same frequency