SoSA: A Software Sustainability Assessment Method
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How to assess the sustainability of and in software engineering
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SoSA: A Software Sustainability Assessment Method
- 1. ‹#› Het begint met een idee SOSA: A SOFTWARE SUSTAINABILITY ASSESSMENT METHOD ( ) ILLUSTRATION: VU STRATEGIC PLAN, VISION 2015-2020 @patricia_lago
- 2. ‹#› Het begint met een idee WHAT IS SOFTWARE WITH A SUSTAINABILITY INTENT? WHAT CHALLENGES DOES IT BRING?
- 3. Technical Economic SocialEnvironmental Source: P. Lago et al. “Framing Sustainability as a Software Quality Property”, ACM Communications, 2015. Software with a sustainability intent: intended sustainability behavior”
- 4. SYSTEMIC IMPACT ENABLING IMPACT SOFTWARE SUSTAINABILITY ASSESSMENT METHOD © PATRICIA LAGO PATRICIA LAGO ©2016 IMMEDIATE IMPACT Software Product Software with a sustainability intent: A multi-dimensional problem over time
- 5. TECHNICAL ECONOMIC SOCIALENVIRONMENTAL IMMEDIATE IMPACT ENABLING IMPACT SYSTEMIC IMPACT ENERGY SAVINGS SCALABILITY CONFIGURABILITY SOFTWARE SYSTAINABILITY ASSESSMENT METHOD © PATRICIA LAGO WELL BEING HEATHCARE SAVINGS ENERGY COSTS Smart Lighting PATRICIA LAGO ©2016 Sustainable software: Cost-effective, socio-technical savvy, energy-aware, reliable, … + + - + +/- +/-
- 6. Smart software: from Energy-aware to Socially-aware Resource scarce environment Mission impossible II (2000), the motion picture Smart home
- 7. Energy-efficient software: By implementation [Procaccianti, Fernandez, Lago, Empirical evaluation of two best practices for energy-efficient software development, Journal of Systems and Software, 117:185-198, 2016] [S2 Green Software Wiki, wiki.cs.vu.nl/green_software]
- 8. Energy-efficient software: By design SOURCES: LAGO, LEWIS, ME, PROCACCIANTI (WICSA 2014. ECSA 2015, ECSA 2016 ) Research need: a knowledge bank Make software practices available
- 9. PATRICIA LAGO ©2016 Some numbers EFFICIENT DATABASE QUERIES -25% energy consumption OPTIMIZED DATA MANAGEMENT +70% performance SMART USE OF WEB RESOURCES -8,5% energy consumption WEBSITE CONTENT DELIVERY -45% energy consumption FLEXIBLE COMPUTATION OFFLOAD -40% power consumption SOFTWARE REFACTORING -50% energy consumption -20% power consumption
- 10. Smart software: from Business innovation to Technical breakthrough Smart Mobility Connected Driving ANWB
- 11. Smart software: Cyber-foraging software tactics make the cloud smarter G. Lewis & P. Lago, “Characterization of Cyber-Foraging Usage Contexts”, In Software Architecture, Springer LNCS (2015) SurrogateMobile Client Legend System Boundary Cyber- Foraging Enabled Mobile App Custom Runtime Component Data Staging Client Call Data Staging Manager Execute Data Operation Execute Data Operation(Pre-Fetch Hints) Enterprise Cloud File Read/ Write (Synchronous) Cache Repository Cloud Data Repository Data Operation Data Operation File Read/Write (Asynchronous) File Pre-Fetch Hints Pre-Fetch Algorithm Calculate Pre-Fetch Data Set(Pre-Fetch Hints) Pre-Fetch Data Set Sync Cache Depending on location, user profile, schedule Retrieves data from the cloud according to algorithm and stores it locally Only when not already available on the surrogate THE SOFTWARE LAB
- 12. KNOWLEDGE BANK NEW ARCHITECTURE METHODSNEW EMPIRICAL METHODS SOFTWARE REFACTORING -50% energy consumption -20% power consumption GREEN SOFTWARE LABEL Summary of the challenges
- 13. Thank you 13@patricia_lago Credits: slides, ideas and results are a collective effort with my bright and energetic colleagues in the S2 Group @Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam www.s2group.cs.vu.nl
- 14. THE SOFTWARE LAB Questions about the SoSA method? Contact Patricia Lago p.lago@vu.nl
Editor's Notes
- What does it mean to develop software with … And what are the challenges that come with that
- Even more complex to … First, software sustainability entails the complex interplay of four types of demands: Environmental= preserve natural resources Social= support communities and social capital Economic= to balance financial investments and revenues Technical= ensure (software) longevity and reliable functioning. While they are intuitively natural, ensuring that software supports them as planned is not trivial. Example: personalized E-Health applications are supposed to solve problems like forgetting your medicine or influencing a more active lifestyle. Are they successful in their intent? Are users becoming “healthier”?
- Second, sustainability needs to take an holistic perspective on a “big enough” system of interest. Over time Also called longevity, long lasting
- If we combine the two dimensions, Concerns Design decisions Trade-offs Quality assessment
- From E to S (smart for quality of life) Medical case in Australia Agricultural knowledge in Africa
- To make software use resources effectively, we need to understand the impact of different coding practices.
- When we have to deal with complex software, or new projects, we must reason at the design or architecture level. Maybe the software is not implemented yet, or maybe we must identify which design decision are more or less beneficial for energy consumption. We capture best practices in reusable patterns and so-called architectural tactics. They document generic designs, specific implementations, metrics and measures.
- All true, all come from research projects in collaboration with industry or OSS communities All yield TTVs that could be relaxed: Generalizability, but within application domains (DB queries: not all possible query types; but we have recurring patterns in types of queries we issue in types of systems) Size of samples, but in reasonable time (refactoring all types of code smells in how many applications)
- From Economic to Technical
- Imagine you on holiday, and you want to have a virtual meeting with your team, access to all work docs, etc. (not sure why you wanna do that, on holiday, but anyway) Connectivity is not the best, you do not want to pay for a local meeting facility, if existing, and you need access to your own “virtual desk” … and everyhting from your mobile client! In principle, Cyber-foraging tactics allow you to do that! (explain how it works) Dynamic adaptation to changing contexts Or to changing intents
- Summary