The Liver & Gallbladder (Anatomy & Physiology).pptx
Soil science agriculture, copper element ppt
1.
2. Introduction
Copper is essential to the growth of plants. Among other
things, it plays a part in several enzyme processes and is
key to the formation of chlorophyll.
Copper (Cu) is one of the micronutrients needed in very
small quantities by plants. The normal range in the
growing medium is 0.05-0.5 ppm, while in most tissues
the normal range is between 3-10 ppm.
3. SOURCES OF COPPER
• Igneous rocks contains 10-100 ppm
• Sedimentory rock contains 4-45ppm.
• Total soil content is 1-45ppm.
.Some of important copper bearing minerals
•Malachite :Cu2CO3(OH)2
•Cupric pyrite :CuFe2O4
•Chalcocite: CuS2
•Covellite: CuS
• Chalcopyrite: CuFeS2
• Cuprite : CuO
• Azurite: Cu3( OH)2 (CO3)2
4. COPPER IN THE SOIL:
• Form taken up by the plant: Cu2+
• Mobility in the soil: Immobile, pH dependent, forms
strong complexes with organic matter, oxides of Fe, Al,
Mn, phenolic carboxyl and hydroxyl groups, and clay
minerals. Undergoes specific adsorption. Can be
isomorphically substituted for Fe or Mn. Cu can leach
through the soil profile in humus-poor, acidic peat, or in
very acidic mineral soils, such as those around Ni and Cu
smelters. Concentrations of natural Cu in soil is 34 to 55
ppm.
5. • In submerged soils, Copper comes into the soil solution
and becomes available to the plant as follows:
Soil Cu2+ + H+ = Cu2+ (Soluble)
Cu₂ (OH)2CO3 + 4H+ = Cu+ + CO₂ + 3H₂O
Mala chite, and abundant source of cu in submerged soils.
6. ROLE OF COPPER IN PLANT GROWTH:
• It is a constituent of number of enzymes.
• Important in imparting disease resistance.
• It enhances the fertility of male flowers.
• It is involved in the terminal oxidation of cytochrome oxidase.
• It is involved in chlorophyll formation.
• Participates in lignin formation, protein and carbohydrate
metabolism.
• Required for symbiotic nitrogen fixation.
7. DEFICIENCY SYMPTOMS OF COPPER
Plants with content of <5 ppm
are regarded as deficient.
Deficiency first visible at shoot tips in
the form of narrow twisted leaves
and pale white tips and plant show
overall droopy appearance with
shorten intervals between petiole.
Size of the leaves gets reduced.
8. • At maturity panicles or ears are poorly filled or even empty under
severe condition.
9. • The youngest leaves turn yellow as they come out of the whorl and
tip may die.
10. • Some other deficiencies are
• Delayed flowering.
• Bluish green leaf tips and tips drying in rice
• Male flower sterility.
• Senesence of flower.
• Necrosis.
• Leaf distortion.
• Empty glumes in wheat.
