The document provides information about software testing and discusses documentation. It begins by explaining the importance of clear, unambiguous instructions when writing test cases or documentation. It notes that without clear instructions, tests may produce unexpected results. It then discusses communicating failures as a team and the need to provide thorough information to developers. It also explains how test cases are used not just for testing but to document what was tested and to share information with other teams. Finally, it discusses peer reviewing test cases and documentation to help improve quality and identify any errors or issues.
Blackboxtesting 02 An Example Test Seriesnazeer pasha
1. The document describes an example test series for a simple program that adds two numbers entered by the user.
2. It outlines the initial testing process, including performing simple tests, exploring all parts of the program, looking for more challenging tests, and focusing on boundary conditions.
3. The document discusses techniques for test design such as brainstorming test cases, equivalence partitioning, and boundary value analysis to identify important tests without testing all possible combinations.
A Context-Driven Approach to Automation in TestingBugRaptors
: "To help ourselves test better, Context-Driven testers use tools. But, there is no such thing as Automation”
While reading the James Bach's blog, I found an interesting view about “Automation” in testing from Michael Bolton and James Bach.
The document is a class project report for a programmable logic controller (PLC) programming course. It details the objectives, introduction, lab questions, procedures, and results of a group project to design and implement a PLC program to automate a mixing and heating process. Key steps included pumping two ingredients into a tank according to set volumes and times, heating the mixture for a set duration, mixing, and draining the tank. The group went through several revisions to optimize the program and address disagreements over aspects like indicator light logic. In the end, the program met the lab requirements and was a valuable learning experience in teamwork and PLC programming.
1. The document discusses the concept of "bug advocacy", which is the practice of writing bug reports in a way that motivates programmers to fix the bug.
2. Effective bug reports motivate programmers by highlighting how serious or widespread the bug is. They also overcome objections by providing clear reproduction steps and evidence of customer impact.
3. The document recommends testing around found bugs to prove they are more serious or common than initially thought. This includes varying your own actions, program settings, and software/hardware environment to trigger related or worse failures. The goal is to sell programmers on the importance of fixing the bug.
Testing Experience - Evolution of Test Automation FrameworksŁukasz Morawski
Implementing automated tests is something that everybody wants to do. If you ask
any tester, test automation is their aim. And while it may be the golden target, very
few testers take pains to assess the required knowledge, under the illusion that a
programming language or expensive tool will suffice to cope with all problems likely
to arise. This is not true. Writing good automated tests is much harder than that,
requiring knowledge this article will make clear
Engaging IV&V Testing Services for Agile ProjectsRavi Kumar
This document discusses agile testing and the role of testers in agile development. It covers topics like the value testers provide, Brian Marick's test categories, challenges with agile testing and strategies to address them, and the role of automation and continuous integration. Key points emphasized are that testers are not obsolete in agile and need to adapt to new ways of testing, defining acceptance criteria, collaborating with developers, automating tests, and providing frequent feedback to the team.
The document provides an overview of the cards and payments industry. It discusses the different types of credit cards including purchasing cards, corporate travel and entertainment cards, small business cards, fleet cards, payroll/prepaid cards, and healthcare cards. It outlines the key parties involved in the industry including cardholders, issuing banks, merchants, acquiring banks, and credit card associations. It also describes how credit cards work, how online credit card processing works, and the payment processing settlement process. Finally, it provides data on the size of the US credit cards market and growth projections for different card types such as health savings accounts.
Blackboxtesting 02 An Example Test Seriesnazeer pasha
1. The document describes an example test series for a simple program that adds two numbers entered by the user.
2. It outlines the initial testing process, including performing simple tests, exploring all parts of the program, looking for more challenging tests, and focusing on boundary conditions.
3. The document discusses techniques for test design such as brainstorming test cases, equivalence partitioning, and boundary value analysis to identify important tests without testing all possible combinations.
A Context-Driven Approach to Automation in TestingBugRaptors
: "To help ourselves test better, Context-Driven testers use tools. But, there is no such thing as Automation”
While reading the James Bach's blog, I found an interesting view about “Automation” in testing from Michael Bolton and James Bach.
The document is a class project report for a programmable logic controller (PLC) programming course. It details the objectives, introduction, lab questions, procedures, and results of a group project to design and implement a PLC program to automate a mixing and heating process. Key steps included pumping two ingredients into a tank according to set volumes and times, heating the mixture for a set duration, mixing, and draining the tank. The group went through several revisions to optimize the program and address disagreements over aspects like indicator light logic. In the end, the program met the lab requirements and was a valuable learning experience in teamwork and PLC programming.
1. The document discusses the concept of "bug advocacy", which is the practice of writing bug reports in a way that motivates programmers to fix the bug.
2. Effective bug reports motivate programmers by highlighting how serious or widespread the bug is. They also overcome objections by providing clear reproduction steps and evidence of customer impact.
3. The document recommends testing around found bugs to prove they are more serious or common than initially thought. This includes varying your own actions, program settings, and software/hardware environment to trigger related or worse failures. The goal is to sell programmers on the importance of fixing the bug.
Testing Experience - Evolution of Test Automation FrameworksŁukasz Morawski
Implementing automated tests is something that everybody wants to do. If you ask
any tester, test automation is their aim. And while it may be the golden target, very
few testers take pains to assess the required knowledge, under the illusion that a
programming language or expensive tool will suffice to cope with all problems likely
to arise. This is not true. Writing good automated tests is much harder than that,
requiring knowledge this article will make clear
Engaging IV&V Testing Services for Agile ProjectsRavi Kumar
This document discusses agile testing and the role of testers in agile development. It covers topics like the value testers provide, Brian Marick's test categories, challenges with agile testing and strategies to address them, and the role of automation and continuous integration. Key points emphasized are that testers are not obsolete in agile and need to adapt to new ways of testing, defining acceptance criteria, collaborating with developers, automating tests, and providing frequent feedback to the team.
The document provides an overview of the cards and payments industry. It discusses the different types of credit cards including purchasing cards, corporate travel and entertainment cards, small business cards, fleet cards, payroll/prepaid cards, and healthcare cards. It outlines the key parties involved in the industry including cardholders, issuing banks, merchants, acquiring banks, and credit card associations. It also describes how credit cards work, how online credit card processing works, and the payment processing settlement process. Finally, it provides data on the size of the US credit cards market and growth projections for different card types such as health savings accounts.
This document discusses test automation, including when to automate tests, types of tests that can be automated like white-box testing, benefits of automation like reduced errors and improved productivity, tools used for automation like Visual Studio and NUnit, how to specify and develop automation test cases and projects, and concludes that automation helps continuously validate code integrity by re-running tests after code changes.
Sustainable Automation Frameworks by Kelsey ShannahanQA or the Highway
The document discusses sustainable automation frameworks for testing software. It addresses common problems such as hardcoding tests, having too many step definitions, and poor data management. The proposed solutions include using a page object model to organize test code, standardizing step definitions to represent business logic at a higher level, and having a consistent way to load and reuse test data. Maintaining an organized framework is emphasized as important for allowing tests to run quickly and changes to be made easily.
Continuous integration involves developers frequently integrating code changes into a shared repository. Each change is then verified through an automated build and testing process to quickly detect issues. This helps ensure code quality by making the build and test process part of every code change. Key aspects of continuous integration include source control management, automated builds, and tools for testing and analyzing code quality.
El documento describe la necesidad de implementar una metodología de testing de software. Explica que el testing es un proceso para evaluar un sistema y verificar que cumple los requisitos esperados e identificar diferencias entre los resultados esperados y reales. Implementar testing permite mejorar la calidad, reducir costos y riesgos, y optimizar recursos. También describe diferentes tipos de testing como de caja negra, caja blanca, unitario, integración, funcional y de sistema.
The document discusses various free tools for testing web services: SoapUI for functional testing of SOAP and REST services, JMeter for load and performance testing, and REST-assured for Java-based acceptance testing of REST services. The presenter demonstrated features of each tool, including exploratory testing and mocking with SoapUI, smoke and load testing with JMeter, and the given-when-then DSL of REST-assured. The presentation concluded that these free tools can cover most web service testing needs.
Test Automation and Continuous Integration TestCampRO
This document discusses continuous integration and automation testing. It describes continuous integration as a software development practice where changes are frequently integrated and validated through automated builds and tests. This allows teams to detect issues early and stabilize their products. The document provides details on continuous integration processes and practices, how to implement automation testing in a continuous integration environment, and the benefits such as faster feedback, reduced bugs, and improved quality. It also includes a case study on using the TeamCity tool to implement continuous integration and automation testing.
Evolution of Software Testing - Chuan Chuan Law Chuan Chuan Law
This document summarizes the evolution of software testing from waterfall to agile methodologies. It discusses how automation is key to testing and provides examples of popular testing frameworks for different technologies. It also addresses finding the right balance between time and quality in testing. The document recommends starting with automating the most used user flows and critical paths. It stresses the importance of constant learning and sharing knowledge with the community.
The document discusses using a distributed testing environment across virtual machines to enable parallel testing and speed up test execution times. A Jenkins CI server is used for centralized test automation and driving tests across the virtual machine slaves. Some benefits include easy extension of the test environment by cloning VMs, ability to speed up tests by splitting and running in parallel across VMs, and easy restoration of corrupted systems by reverting snapshots or copying VM disk files.
Scrum gathering Paris 2013 - test automation strategy for Scrum ProjectsEliane Collins
This document discusses test automation strategies and practices for Scrum projects. It describes four case studies of different test automation approaches used by teams. The key lessons were that separate testing and development teams led to lack of collaboration and knowledge sharing. The most successful strategy involved developers and testers working together to automate unit, integration and system tests using tools like JUnit and FitNesse. Having the team collocated and doing pair programming for test automation resulted in improved coverage, fewer bugs found per story, and motivation to learn new solutions. The conclusion is that collaboration is important for successful agile test automation.
This document discusses how Jenkins CI was used to automate testing and present results. Jenkins plugins were used to integrate test automation tools, source control from GIT, and present test reports. Continuous testing was enabled by triggering tests on each new build from source control and monitoring test executions and results through the Jenkins dashboard. Tips are provided on optimizing test execution times and frequencies.
This document provides an overview of fundamentals of software testing. It discusses why testing is necessary, defines key terms like errors, defects and failures. It describes the context in which software is used and how defects can impact systems. The seven principles of testing and fundamental test process involving planning, analysis, implementation and reporting are explained. Psychological aspects of testing and principles of ethical code are also covered at a high level.
ALM describes automated project management.
It includes
* Scrum based task management with issue tracking system.
* Contiguous Build
* Regression Test
* V-Model based Test process
* Defect management process
The document discusses objectives and techniques for software cost estimation. It aims to introduce cost and schedule estimation, discuss productivity estimation problems, and describe techniques like expert judgement, analogy, Parkinson's Law, and top-down and bottom-up estimation. It also covers measuring productivity, estimating components like effort costs, and factors that affect productivity.
The COCOMO model estimates the effort required for software projects in terms of person-months. It exists in three forms - basic, intermediate, and advanced. The basic model computes effort as a function of lines of code, while the intermediate model considers additional cost drivers like product attributes, hardware attributes, personal attributes, and project attributes. These attributes receive ratings that adjust the effort multiplier. The advanced COCOMO is an empirically derived model that requires extensive parameter calibration. All forms provide estimates of effort, schedule, and staff required for a software project.
UX, ethnography and possibilities: for Libraries, Museums and ArchivesNed Potter
1) The document discusses how the University of York Library has used various user experience (UX) techniques like ethnographic observation and interviews to better understand user needs and behaviors.
2) Some changes implemented based on UX findings include installing hot water taps, changing hours, and adding blankets - aimed at improving the small details of user experience.
3) The presentation encourages other libraries, archives and museums to try incorporating UX techniques like behavioral mapping and cognitive interviews to inform design changes that enhance services for users.
This document contains summaries of several articles in the April 2014 issue of Testing Trapeze magazine. It discusses common blind spots that can negatively impact software testers' work, including an obsession with functionality over other quality criteria, not taking time to properly plan tests, failing to notice important details, and letting confirmation bias from requirements limit testing. The editor's introduction welcomes readers and contributors to the second issue.
Foundations of software testing - ISTQB Certification.pdfSaraj Hameed Sidiqi
1. Testing is necessary because humans inevitably make mistakes when developing software, which can introduce defects. These defects may cause failures when the software is used.
2. Defects arise from errors made during software design and development. When defects are encountered during use, it can lead to failures in the software's functionality. Not all defects will necessarily cause failures.
3. The risks from software failures depend on the context and system. Failures in safety-critical systems pose more risk than in everyday programs. Minor defects may be tolerable for some systems but not for others, like those affecting health, safety, or major business functions. Testing aims to find defects that could lead to failures with high impact.
This document discusses test automation, including when to automate tests, types of tests that can be automated like white-box testing, benefits of automation like reduced errors and improved productivity, tools used for automation like Visual Studio and NUnit, how to specify and develop automation test cases and projects, and concludes that automation helps continuously validate code integrity by re-running tests after code changes.
Sustainable Automation Frameworks by Kelsey ShannahanQA or the Highway
The document discusses sustainable automation frameworks for testing software. It addresses common problems such as hardcoding tests, having too many step definitions, and poor data management. The proposed solutions include using a page object model to organize test code, standardizing step definitions to represent business logic at a higher level, and having a consistent way to load and reuse test data. Maintaining an organized framework is emphasized as important for allowing tests to run quickly and changes to be made easily.
Continuous integration involves developers frequently integrating code changes into a shared repository. Each change is then verified through an automated build and testing process to quickly detect issues. This helps ensure code quality by making the build and test process part of every code change. Key aspects of continuous integration include source control management, automated builds, and tools for testing and analyzing code quality.
El documento describe la necesidad de implementar una metodología de testing de software. Explica que el testing es un proceso para evaluar un sistema y verificar que cumple los requisitos esperados e identificar diferencias entre los resultados esperados y reales. Implementar testing permite mejorar la calidad, reducir costos y riesgos, y optimizar recursos. También describe diferentes tipos de testing como de caja negra, caja blanca, unitario, integración, funcional y de sistema.
The document discusses various free tools for testing web services: SoapUI for functional testing of SOAP and REST services, JMeter for load and performance testing, and REST-assured for Java-based acceptance testing of REST services. The presenter demonstrated features of each tool, including exploratory testing and mocking with SoapUI, smoke and load testing with JMeter, and the given-when-then DSL of REST-assured. The presentation concluded that these free tools can cover most web service testing needs.
Test Automation and Continuous Integration TestCampRO
This document discusses continuous integration and automation testing. It describes continuous integration as a software development practice where changes are frequently integrated and validated through automated builds and tests. This allows teams to detect issues early and stabilize their products. The document provides details on continuous integration processes and practices, how to implement automation testing in a continuous integration environment, and the benefits such as faster feedback, reduced bugs, and improved quality. It also includes a case study on using the TeamCity tool to implement continuous integration and automation testing.
Evolution of Software Testing - Chuan Chuan Law Chuan Chuan Law
This document summarizes the evolution of software testing from waterfall to agile methodologies. It discusses how automation is key to testing and provides examples of popular testing frameworks for different technologies. It also addresses finding the right balance between time and quality in testing. The document recommends starting with automating the most used user flows and critical paths. It stresses the importance of constant learning and sharing knowledge with the community.
The document discusses using a distributed testing environment across virtual machines to enable parallel testing and speed up test execution times. A Jenkins CI server is used for centralized test automation and driving tests across the virtual machine slaves. Some benefits include easy extension of the test environment by cloning VMs, ability to speed up tests by splitting and running in parallel across VMs, and easy restoration of corrupted systems by reverting snapshots or copying VM disk files.
Scrum gathering Paris 2013 - test automation strategy for Scrum ProjectsEliane Collins
This document discusses test automation strategies and practices for Scrum projects. It describes four case studies of different test automation approaches used by teams. The key lessons were that separate testing and development teams led to lack of collaboration and knowledge sharing. The most successful strategy involved developers and testers working together to automate unit, integration and system tests using tools like JUnit and FitNesse. Having the team collocated and doing pair programming for test automation resulted in improved coverage, fewer bugs found per story, and motivation to learn new solutions. The conclusion is that collaboration is important for successful agile test automation.
This document discusses how Jenkins CI was used to automate testing and present results. Jenkins plugins were used to integrate test automation tools, source control from GIT, and present test reports. Continuous testing was enabled by triggering tests on each new build from source control and monitoring test executions and results through the Jenkins dashboard. Tips are provided on optimizing test execution times and frequencies.
This document provides an overview of fundamentals of software testing. It discusses why testing is necessary, defines key terms like errors, defects and failures. It describes the context in which software is used and how defects can impact systems. The seven principles of testing and fundamental test process involving planning, analysis, implementation and reporting are explained. Psychological aspects of testing and principles of ethical code are also covered at a high level.
ALM describes automated project management.
It includes
* Scrum based task management with issue tracking system.
* Contiguous Build
* Regression Test
* V-Model based Test process
* Defect management process
The document discusses objectives and techniques for software cost estimation. It aims to introduce cost and schedule estimation, discuss productivity estimation problems, and describe techniques like expert judgement, analogy, Parkinson's Law, and top-down and bottom-up estimation. It also covers measuring productivity, estimating components like effort costs, and factors that affect productivity.
The COCOMO model estimates the effort required for software projects in terms of person-months. It exists in three forms - basic, intermediate, and advanced. The basic model computes effort as a function of lines of code, while the intermediate model considers additional cost drivers like product attributes, hardware attributes, personal attributes, and project attributes. These attributes receive ratings that adjust the effort multiplier. The advanced COCOMO is an empirically derived model that requires extensive parameter calibration. All forms provide estimates of effort, schedule, and staff required for a software project.
UX, ethnography and possibilities: for Libraries, Museums and ArchivesNed Potter
1) The document discusses how the University of York Library has used various user experience (UX) techniques like ethnographic observation and interviews to better understand user needs and behaviors.
2) Some changes implemented based on UX findings include installing hot water taps, changing hours, and adding blankets - aimed at improving the small details of user experience.
3) The presentation encourages other libraries, archives and museums to try incorporating UX techniques like behavioral mapping and cognitive interviews to inform design changes that enhance services for users.
This document contains summaries of several articles in the April 2014 issue of Testing Trapeze magazine. It discusses common blind spots that can negatively impact software testers' work, including an obsession with functionality over other quality criteria, not taking time to properly plan tests, failing to notice important details, and letting confirmation bias from requirements limit testing. The editor's introduction welcomes readers and contributors to the second issue.
Foundations of software testing - ISTQB Certification.pdfSaraj Hameed Sidiqi
1. Testing is necessary because humans inevitably make mistakes when developing software, which can introduce defects. These defects may cause failures when the software is used.
2. Defects arise from errors made during software design and development. When defects are encountered during use, it can lead to failures in the software's functionality. Not all defects will necessarily cause failures.
3. The risks from software failures depend on the context and system. Failures in safety-critical systems pose more risk than in everyday programs. Minor defects may be tolerable for some systems but not for others, like those affecting health, safety, or major business functions. Testing aims to find defects that could lead to failures with high impact.
This document provides an introduction to software testing for startups. It discusses that testing early in the development cycle results in faster development, better software, and enhanced investment appeal. It recommends creating test cases based on functional specifications and menus. The document outlines six principles of testing, including that you cannot test every scenario and defects congregate in particular areas. It recommends testing frequently with both developers and testers working closely together.
This document provides 5 insights to revolutionize software testing: 1) There are two types of code (experience and infrastructure) that require different testing approaches; 2) Testing should focus on capabilities rather than features; 3) Focus on testing techniques rather than individual test cases; 4) Testing should improve development rather than just find bugs; 5) Testing needs innovation to engage talent and avoid repetitive work. The author advocates shifting testing strategy to higher levels of abstraction and partnering with development to build quality in from the start.
Graham Thomas - Software Testing Secrets We Dare Not Tell - EuroSTAR 2013TEST Huddle
EuroSTAR Software Testing Conference 2013 presentation on Software Testing Secrets We Dare Not Tell by Graham Thomas.
See more at: http://conference.eurostarsoftwaretesting.com/past-presentations/
The document discusses four principles of software testing: 1) Testing shows the presence of defects rather than proving software works correctly, 2) Exhaustive testing is impossible due to the large number of variables, 3) Early testing identifies defects early and saves time and resources, 4) Defect clustering means a small number of modules are responsible for most defects so testing should focus on these. The principles provide a framework for effective testing to develop high-quality software.
Testing is necessary for software because:
1) Humans make mistakes and defects can be introduced during development that can later cause failures, from minor issues to potentially serious consequences like environmental damage or injury.
2) Defects are more expensive to fix the later they are found, so testing aims to find defects early.
3) Not all defects will necessarily lead to failures, but failures can be caused by defects from development or the environment, as well as human errors, so testing is needed to improve quality and reduce risks.
1. Testing is necessary because software defects originating from human errors and mistakes can cause failures in software systems. These failures can harm people, the environment, or a company through financial losses or other damages.
2. Testing aims to find defects before software is used, to promote quality and reduce risks of failures. The need for testing depends on the context, such as safety-critical software requiring more rigorous testing than an e-commerce site.
3. Defects arise from mistakes made during software development and design. Not all defects result in failures, but when a defect is triggered during use, a failure can occur.
The document discusses techniques for software testers to advocate for bugs they have found to get them prioritized and fixed. It recommends testers think of bug reports as tools to convince programmers to spend time fixing issues. Effective bug reports motivate programmers by highlighting impact and addressing objections. Testers should research failure conditions thoroughly by varying their own behavior, program options/settings, and software/hardware environments to prove bugs are more serious or widespread than initially found. The goal is to provide compelling arguments to prioritize and fix bugs.
A Software Tester's Travels from the Land of the Waterfall to the Land of Agi...Yuval Yeret
In my work, I have come across many software testing organizations/groups. Some use the waterfall method and may be in the first stages of exposure to Agile-based methods. Some are on the journey to switch between methods, and some have already been using Agile and are looking for ways to do this more effectively. In this article, I will try to describe the experience of a typical software tester when his organization decides to move to Agile.
Note: This is an english translation of a "Thinking Testing" hebrew magazine article from 2012
The document provides lessons for successfully implementing Agile practices based on common problems organizations face. It discusses that Agile requires changes to processes, culture, and development approaches. The top 10 lessons include understanding the reasons for adopting Agile, preparing the team through training, balancing functionality and non-functional requirements, avoiding overwork that reduces productivity, and using automation to complement rather than replace manual testing. Proper implementation of Agile requires adapting practices while upholding the Agile manifesto.
How much information should your test cases (or test missions, charters, or other types or similar test artifacts) include? What are the pros and cons of adding lots of detailed information in your test cases? These are questions I will discuss in this article, based on my experience with testing.
The document discusses how to achieve a happy marriage between context-driven and agile approaches to software development and testing. It advocates for involving testers from the start of projects and having them work closely with developers as part of integrated teams. The document also provides advice on skills needed for testers, such as domain knowledge and a willingness to learn, and emphasizes pairing with other roles like developers to facilitate collaboration and knowledge sharing.
Usability Testing for Technical WritersDimiter Simov
Slides from a talk delivered at tcworld 2020 - definition of usability and usability testing, tips for doing usability testing, examples from testing documentation with users
How To Install TestNG in Eclipse Step By Step Guide.pdfpCloudy
Test automation involves the use of specialized tools and frameworks to enhance the quality of the application by writing and executing tests to verify the functionality of the application.
By automating the regression tests that helps in checking the stability of the application, plenty of time can be saved and overall efficiency, accuracy and speed in the testing process can be improved. TestNG is one such powerful testing framework that helps to write and execute automated tests.
1. The document discusses the objectives and principles of software testing. It defines testing as a process that evaluates the products and work related to software development, including both static and dynamic testing.
2. Testing aims to find defects, improve quality and confidence, and prevent defects from making it to production. While testing can show bugs exist, it cannot prove that no bugs remain since testing can only evaluate a finite set of cases.
3. The testing process is compared to a driving test, where the tester evaluates if the software satisfies requirements and is fit for purpose, similar to how an examiner evaluates a driver.
1. Software defects can range from minor annoyances to serious issues that endanger health and safety or the environment if a software program miscalculates important information.
2. Defects in software are caused when mistakes are made during the design and development of the software by programmers. Not all defects result in failures, and some may remain dormant without being detected.
3. Software testing is a process that involves planning what will be tested, preparing test cases, executing tests, evaluating results, and determining if the software is ready based on exit criteria and requirements. Both code and documentation need to be tested to fully evaluate the software.
1. The document is a 12 page midterm exam for a software engineering course. It contains 10 questions worth a total of 80 points, plus a possible 1 point bonus.
2. The questions cover topics like software testing, development models, user stories, pair programming, planning games, software configuration management, and reverse engineering.
3. Students are instructed to print their name and student ID, show their work, and answer the questions in order of ease within the 1 hour and 15 minute time limit. Plagiarism or cheating will result in a zero grade.
Similar to Software Testing for International Students (20)
Ivanti’s Patch Tuesday breakdown goes beyond patching your applications and brings you the intelligence and guidance needed to prioritize where to focus your attention first. Catch early analysis on our Ivanti blog, then join industry expert Chris Goettl for the Patch Tuesday Webinar Event. There we’ll do a deep dive into each of the bulletins and give guidance on the risks associated with the newly-identified vulnerabilities.
Fueling AI with Great Data with Airbyte WebinarZilliz
This talk will focus on how to collect data from a variety of sources, leveraging this data for RAG and other GenAI use cases, and finally charting your course to productionalization.
Monitoring and Managing Anomaly Detection on OpenShift.pdfTosin Akinosho
Monitoring and Managing Anomaly Detection on OpenShift
Overview
Dive into the world of anomaly detection on edge devices with our comprehensive hands-on tutorial. This SlideShare presentation will guide you through the entire process, from data collection and model training to edge deployment and real-time monitoring. Perfect for those looking to implement robust anomaly detection systems on resource-constrained IoT/edge devices.
Key Topics Covered
1. Introduction to Anomaly Detection
- Understand the fundamentals of anomaly detection and its importance in identifying unusual behavior or failures in systems.
2. Understanding Edge (IoT)
- Learn about edge computing and IoT, and how they enable real-time data processing and decision-making at the source.
3. What is ArgoCD?
- Discover ArgoCD, a declarative, GitOps continuous delivery tool for Kubernetes, and its role in deploying applications on edge devices.
4. Deployment Using ArgoCD for Edge Devices
- Step-by-step guide on deploying anomaly detection models on edge devices using ArgoCD.
5. Introduction to Apache Kafka and S3
- Explore Apache Kafka for real-time data streaming and Amazon S3 for scalable storage solutions.
6. Viewing Kafka Messages in the Data Lake
- Learn how to view and analyze Kafka messages stored in a data lake for better insights.
7. What is Prometheus?
- Get to know Prometheus, an open-source monitoring and alerting toolkit, and its application in monitoring edge devices.
8. Monitoring Application Metrics with Prometheus
- Detailed instructions on setting up Prometheus to monitor the performance and health of your anomaly detection system.
9. What is Camel K?
- Introduction to Camel K, a lightweight integration framework built on Apache Camel, designed for Kubernetes.
10. Configuring Camel K Integrations for Data Pipelines
- Learn how to configure Camel K for seamless data pipeline integrations in your anomaly detection workflow.
11. What is a Jupyter Notebook?
- Overview of Jupyter Notebooks, an open-source web application for creating and sharing documents with live code, equations, visualizations, and narrative text.
12. Jupyter Notebooks with Code Examples
- Hands-on examples and code snippets in Jupyter Notebooks to help you implement and test anomaly detection models.
Trusted Execution Environment for Decentralized Process MiningLucaBarbaro3
Presentation of the paper "Trusted Execution Environment for Decentralized Process Mining" given during the CAiSE 2024 Conference in Cyprus on June 7, 2024.
Main news related to the CCS TSI 2023 (2023/1695)Jakub Marek
An English 🇬🇧 translation of a presentation to the speech I gave about the main changes brought by CCS TSI 2023 at the biggest Czech conference on Communications and signalling systems on Railways, which was held in Clarion Hotel Olomouc from 7th to 9th November 2023 (konferenceszt.cz). Attended by around 500 participants and 200 on-line followers.
The original Czech 🇨🇿 version of the presentation can be found here: https://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/hlavni-novinky-souvisejici-s-ccs-tsi-2023-2023-1695/269688092 .
The videorecording (in Czech) from the presentation is available here: https://youtu.be/WzjJWm4IyPk?si=SImb06tuXGb30BEH .
Introduction of Cybersecurity with OSS at Code Europe 2024Hiroshi SHIBATA
I develop the Ruby programming language, RubyGems, and Bundler, which are package managers for Ruby. Today, I will introduce how to enhance the security of your application using open-source software (OSS) examples from Ruby and RubyGems.
The first topic is CVE (Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures). I have published CVEs many times. But what exactly is a CVE? I'll provide a basic understanding of CVEs and explain how to detect and handle vulnerabilities in OSS.
Next, let's discuss package managers. Package managers play a critical role in the OSS ecosystem. I'll explain how to manage library dependencies in your application.
I'll share insights into how the Ruby and RubyGems core team works to keep our ecosystem safe. By the end of this talk, you'll have a better understanding of how to safeguard your code.
A Comprehensive Guide to DeFi Development Services in 2024Intelisync
DeFi represents a paradigm shift in the financial industry. Instead of relying on traditional, centralized institutions like banks, DeFi leverages blockchain technology to create a decentralized network of financial services. This means that financial transactions can occur directly between parties, without intermediaries, using smart contracts on platforms like Ethereum.
In 2024, we are witnessing an explosion of new DeFi projects and protocols, each pushing the boundaries of what’s possible in finance.
In summary, DeFi in 2024 is not just a trend; it’s a revolution that democratizes finance, enhances security and transparency, and fosters continuous innovation. As we proceed through this presentation, we'll explore the various components and services of DeFi in detail, shedding light on how they are transforming the financial landscape.
At Intelisync, we specialize in providing comprehensive DeFi development services tailored to meet the unique needs of our clients. From smart contract development to dApp creation and security audits, we ensure that your DeFi project is built with innovation, security, and scalability in mind. Trust Intelisync to guide you through the intricate landscape of decentralized finance and unlock the full potential of blockchain technology.
Ready to take your DeFi project to the next level? Partner with Intelisync for expert DeFi development services today!
How to Interpret Trends in the Kalyan Rajdhani Mix Chart.pdfChart Kalyan
A Mix Chart displays historical data of numbers in a graphical or tabular form. The Kalyan Rajdhani Mix Chart specifically shows the results of a sequence of numbers over different periods.
Digital Marketing Trends in 2024 | Guide for Staying AheadWask
https://www.wask.co/ebooks/digital-marketing-trends-in-2024
Feeling lost in the digital marketing whirlwind of 2024? Technology is changing, consumer habits are evolving, and staying ahead of the curve feels like a never-ending pursuit. This e-book is your compass. Dive into actionable insights to handle the complexities of modern marketing. From hyper-personalization to the power of user-generated content, learn how to build long-term relationships with your audience and unlock the secrets to success in the ever-shifting digital landscape.
Generating privacy-protected synthetic data using Secludy and MilvusZilliz
During this demo, the founders of Secludy will demonstrate how their system utilizes Milvus to store and manipulate embeddings for generating privacy-protected synthetic data. Their approach not only maintains the confidentiality of the original data but also enhances the utility and scalability of LLMs under privacy constraints. Attendees, including machine learning engineers, data scientists, and data managers, will witness first-hand how Secludy's integration with Milvus empowers organizations to harness the power of LLMs securely and efficiently.
FREE A4 Cyber Security Awareness Posters-Social Engineering part 3Data Hops
Free A4 downloadable and printable Cyber Security, Social Engineering Safety and security Training Posters . Promote security awareness in the home or workplace. Lock them Out From training providers datahops.com
Have you ever been confused by the myriad of choices offered by AWS for hosting a website or an API?
Lambda, Elastic Beanstalk, Lightsail, Amplify, S3 (and more!) can each host websites + APIs. But which one should we choose?
Which one is cheapest? Which one is fastest? Which one will scale to meet our needs?
Join me in this session as we dive into each AWS hosting service to determine which one is best for your scenario and explain why!
Skybuffer SAM4U tool for SAP license adoptionTatiana Kojar
Manage and optimize your license adoption and consumption with SAM4U, an SAP free customer software asset management tool.
SAM4U, an SAP complimentary software asset management tool for customers, delivers a detailed and well-structured overview of license inventory and usage with a user-friendly interface. We offer a hosted, cost-effective, and performance-optimized SAM4U setup in the Skybuffer Cloud environment. You retain ownership of the system and data, while we manage the ABAP 7.58 infrastructure, ensuring fixed Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) and exceptional services through the SAP Fiori interface.
Digital Banking in the Cloud: How Citizens Bank Unlocked Their MainframePrecisely
Inconsistent user experience and siloed data, high costs, and changing customer expectations – Citizens Bank was experiencing these challenges while it was attempting to deliver a superior digital banking experience for its clients. Its core banking applications run on the mainframe and Citizens was using legacy utilities to get the critical mainframe data to feed customer-facing channels, like call centers, web, and mobile. Ultimately, this led to higher operating costs (MIPS), delayed response times, and longer time to market.
Ever-changing customer expectations demand more modern digital experiences, and the bank needed to find a solution that could provide real-time data to its customer channels with low latency and operating costs. Join this session to learn how Citizens is leveraging Precisely to replicate mainframe data to its customer channels and deliver on their “modern digital bank” experiences.
2. I will talk about…
I wish to share the title of my project today: 'Software Testing for
International Students - Yes! You Can Test it!'
In my presentation I will show facts, histories and funny things about software
testing. But I will not be so technical! I will just explain some basic concepts e
techniques. At the end of the presentation, I thinking to do a simple activity,
in groups of 3 students. I'm focus in produce something not boring, but
interesting for you!!!! :-)
Also, I intend to share some facts about the Software Tester profession,
weekly;
5. The evolution of testing – Part 1
Some decades ago, systems were smaller, less complex and didn’t communicate
with other systems. So, a single professional could have knowledge about the entire
system. The same professional designed, developed and tested the system. There was
no reason to exist professionals like Test Analysts or Software Testers to exist.
However, the software systems have become bigger and more complex. Different
software systems have started to communicate to each other. Now was impossible a
single professional keep all the knowledge. Professionals like Business Analyst,
Software Architect and Test Analyst/Software Tester have became indispensable to
create systems with quality.
Today, the systems are very integrated to each other. For example, imagine an
online shop where you can buy and consult your orders both by an app in your phone,
or by a browser in your laptop. These two different platforms now have to access the
same database to provide the information that you request.
A team developed the web system and another team developed the mobile
system. Now the knowledge is split into different teams and different professionals.
Someone have to test both systems to guarantee that they are working fine. That
professional is the Test Analyst and the Software Tester. Today these professionals
have became indispensable.
7. The evolution of testing – Part 2
Today, it is very common for software to need improvements, updates and failure fixes. Every new
version is tested before be released to users. However, the software is not tested only in that feature which
was fixed or improved: the ENTIRE software must be retested to guarantee that the other functionalities
are still working well. This kind of testing is called ‘Regression Testing’.
As the systems can be very complex and big, testing the entire system can be a hard task, taking too
much time. Now, imagine that the fix is something extremely important (a safe fix for example) and a
Regression Testing can take days to be finished. We can not wait days to release this fix, right?
In fact, we can’t wait. Today the testing activities have to be very agile and quick in order to not
impact the releases of new software versions. So, to improve the testing activities, we use ‘Automation
Testing’.
Basically, ‘Automation Testing’ is the activity of recording the actions during the execution of manual
testings in a automation tool, and then ‘playing’ again these actions in newer versions of the software under
testing. The advantage? Saving time!!! The tests which could need days to be executed manually, now can
be executed in a few hours because the execution becomes very quick when automated.
In addition, the software companies have awoken to the importance of automation testing, then they
are investing hardly in this kind of testing, adopting automation tools in their processes of system
development. They are looking for professionals capable of working with these tools, but still aren’t enough
professionals available in job market. Automation testing looks like be the future of testing.
9. Instructions for Baking a Cake
Instructions to baking a cake
1. In a bowl, put:
2 cups of flour;
1 cup of sugar;
2 eggs;
1 spoon of yeast;
2. Put all the ingredients from
previous instruction inside a
pan
3. Put the pan inside a oven
4. Wait for 45 minutes
RESULT: ???????
Have you ever baked a cake? If yes, you probably followed some
instructions to bake the cake. Were the instructions clear?
Let’s take the example to the right. What will be the result if you
follow the instructions? Well, if you have previous experience with baking,
the result can be satisfactory. However, if you don’t have experience, the
result will be a disaster… Why?
Look the last item of the first instruction: what kind of yeast do we
have to use? The chemical yeast or the biological yeast? The information is
not clear.
Another example: the second instruction says to put all the
ingredients in a baking dish. Do we have to mix the ingredients before
putting them inside the pan? Or do we have mix the ingredients inside the
pan? Obviously, an important instruction is missing: mixing the ingredients.
By the way: In what order do we have to mix the ingredients?
If you don’t have expertise with baking, and resolve following only
what is inside these instructions, your cake will not by cooked. Why? Look
at the instruction: Is there an instruction saying “turn on the oven”?
10. The concept behind the cake
This example shows an important concept present both in testing and developing activities:
the clarity of the information. The information has to be clear, without ambiguity! Why is this
important? Because if the information is ambiguous, different interpretations can be made and,
as a consequence, a different result from what is expected can be obtained. The picture bellow
can be used as an example of the consequences:
11. Writing test instructions
Before testing activities, instructions about what tests have to be made on software can be
written. Each different test can be written as a sequence of instructions, similar to the example
of baking a cake. Each set of instructions is called ‘Test Case’. Basically, a Test Cause is a
compound of: a title, a sequence of instructions, and the expected result*. By the way, a single
instruction can also have an expected result – and this result must be written near of the
instruction.
So, different sequences of instructions can produce different results. Let’s look at the
following examples of Baking a Cake:
*A test case has other parts, but in order to facilitate our understanding, we will focus only in these three parts
12. Different instructions – different results
Test Case 1: testing the yeast
1. In a bowl, put, in this order:
2 cups of flour;
1 cup of sugar;
1 spoon of chemical yeast;
2. Mix the ingredients;
3. Put in the middle of the bowl:
2 eggs;
1 cup of warm water;
4. Mix all the ingredients;
5. Put all the ingredients from the bowl
inside a greased pan;
6. Put the pan inside an oven;
7. Wait for 45 minutes;
RESULT: The batter will cook and rise, but
will not be cooked
Test Case 2: baking the cake
1. In a bowl, put, in this order:
2 cups of flour;
1 cup of sugar;
1 spoon of chemical yeast;
2. Mix the ingredients;
3. Put in the middle of the bowl:
2 eggs;
1 cup of warm water;
4. Mix all the ingredients;
5. Put all the ingredients from the bowl
inside a greased pan;
6. Turn on the oven at 400°F;
7. Put the pan inside an oven;
8. Wait for 45 minutes;
RESULT: The batter will cook and rise and
be cooked properly.
13. Writing test instructions
As you can see, a single different instruction results in a different outcome. So, can you
imagine what can happen if the instructions are not clear? Yes! Anything can happen!
15. Communicating a Failure
The goal of a software tester is to find failures in the software as much as possible, but this
is only the first step. He has to communicate this failure, take evidence, make description of how
to reproduce the error and then send to someone to fix it.
For a software be successful, all professionals involved must work together as a team. But,
what does that mean? Well, let’s take a real example that happened this week:
16. Communicating a Failure
In this example, Tracy tried to edit a document from Google Docs using the browser Microsoft
Edge (Microsoft Edge is the substitute of the browser Microsoft Internet Explorer). However, in
this browser the edition of the document didn’t work!!! She ask me for some ideas to resolve
this.
So, the first thing I asked: can you describe what do you did to get this problem? Tracy described
the reasons to me why she wanted to use the Edge, so I asked for a screenshot with the message.
In addition, Tracy described me the reasons why she wish to use the Edge: if she uses the browser
Chrome, she will be logout of this account only a few minutes later, automatically. This behavior
was making Tracy waste a lot of time.
That browser’s behavior seemed weird to me. So I ask for more information: the version of
windows on her laptop. Then I had all the information I needed to try find a solution: the
browser, the version of Windows system, images of the error, a description about how to
reproduce the problem, and the impact of this problem on her activities.
In this story, Tracy was the tester and I was the analyst/developer.
17. Communicating a Failure
So, what does it mean to work as a team? Tracy gave me all the information I needed to try find
a solution. When a software tester finds a failure, he has to collect all the information that can
help the developer or the system analyst understand the problem. Everyone involved in a
software project has to supply each other with information as much as possible.
If the software tester is not clear when communicating a failure, the time to fix the problem will
be longer, or worse: another problem will be fixed, or the problem will be fixed partially. What
does that mean? That means a waste of time, waste of money and stress between the team.
Usually, before to collect the information about the failure, a software tester talks with
developers and analysts in order to be sure that this failure is really a problem. In this moment,
the software tester has to be very polite when he is talking about the problem.
As a team, the focus must be on fixing the problems, not accusing others for being responsible
for the problem. The software tester has to talk with developers and analysts wisely. How?
18. Communicating a Failure
Bellow are some examples of how to NOT talk:
Hey! I found a problem in your code!
You made a mistake!
Your code in that software are not good!
You developed that page wrong!
You didn't fix anything!
As you can see, this approach is blaming the others!
In our previous example, we know the needs and the ‘pains’ of Tracy with that problem. When
talking with developers and analysts to report a problem, the software tester must keep in mind
that they also have their ‘pains’, for example: they probably are working on many different
projects at the same time (work overload), or maybe they worked until late to release that
version for the software tester to begin his work. So, how to proceed?
19. Communicating a Failure
Bellow are some examples of HOW to talk:
Hey! I have a question about that page! Can you help me?
I think I’ve found something, but I’m not sure!
There is something that is not very clear! Can you help me?
Can you explain to me how that software works at this point?
Does my test make sense in this case?
As you can see, this approach is focused on the problem. The software tester is looking for
resolve the issue, not find a responsible for it. Everyone is working together, as a team. In
addition, this approach gives also the ‘benefit of the doubt’. What does it mean? It means that
the software tester can also make mistakes. What looks like a problem to him can be just a
feature and, as a consequence, not a failure!
20. #funny: The Hard Life of a Tester
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_QV13mhwOkI
22. Documentation
In the chapter ‘The cake – Following the instructions’, we talk about the importance of clear
instructions and a bit of test cases. Is a test case useful only for executing instructions?
Absolutely not!! The test case can be utilized by developers, analysts and even by the software
sponsor!!! Why?? Let’s see an example (This example is FICTIONAL, for didactic purposes only).
In the previous chapter (Communicating a Failure), we talk about an issue that Tracy had with
the Edge Browser. Imagine that she works for Microsoft as a test analyst, and she has to describe
this problem to Bill Gates – he will be the system analyst. Imagine that after a developer fixes
the problem, someone else will retest it to guarantee that the failure has been fixed.
So, Tracy has described the issue and has made a Test Case with the same steps that she made to
cause the issue. This document was sent to Bill Gates. There, Bill Gates reads the document and
realizes that the issue is a compatibility problem between Google Docs and the browser.
However, the compatibility problem is not in the Edge Browser, but in the Google Docs. So, Bill
Gates sends the failure description and the Test Case to Google. Meanwhile, Bill Gates suggests a
temporary solution: use the Internet Explorer Browser until the problem is fixed.
23. Documentation
In this fictional example, the test case was sent to two different companies. Without the test
case, the information about the problem wouldn’t be shared. In the real world, a test case is
used for test analysts, developers, analysts and even the sponsor. The test case is a document
that allows the specialists to know what tests have been executed in a given software release
and what results have been obtained, and SHARE this results with the team.
Also, they can be used as proof that the software was working well when it was released the
testing team. Here is a real and very common example: When software is released to the public
and doesn’t work, many times the first question is ‘The testing team didn’t get this (failure)?’.
With the test case and their results, it’s possible to prove that the testing team did made their
work well, and discovered that the problem was caused by a new code inserted into the software
BEFORE the software passed by the hands of the testing team.
Obviously, no new code can be inserted in the software version after being passed by the testing
team. If this happens, the software must be retested again before be released to users. But we
are in the real world!!! Emergencies happen and many times some fixes have to be inserted in
the software even when the testing team is testing the software – and there is not enough time
to retest all. A solution for this is the testing automation – as we saw in previous chapters.
24. Documentation
Ok, test cases are important as we have just seen. But, is it possible to have failures and errors
in the steps of a test case? YES!!! Are there some techniques to avoid this? YES!!!
When I was writing this chapter during the class, Tracy stayed at my side making a revision and
found a lot of grammar errors. Then I just fixed them. We have just made a peer review!!! This is
a technique used to find problems or ambiguities in a test case. Also, is a technique used for
review codes!!! Yes! Another developer can sit at the side of the developer who wrote a code and
then revise everything – and find failures before the software be sent to testing!
Usually a test analyst/software test analyzes the test case elaborated by another one. This
allows to these professionals to revise and improve the test case and find eventual errors.