Presentation given by Cleisa Moreno Maffei Rosa, São Paulo, Brazil at a FEANTSA Research Conference on "Rethinking Homelessness Policies", Lisbon, Portugal, 2007
William Shakespeare, English poet and playwright, considered the greatest writer in the English language and the most influential playwright in the world, is author in his theatrical play King Lear of the phrase "What a terrible this time where idiots drive unseeing”. This phrase applies perfectly to Brazil of the contemporary era in which we find the existence of idiots, ie rulers devoid of intelligence and common sense in the nation's command driving unseeing, that is, the incompetent members of government structure that already are leading the country to bankruptcy.
Igor Alexandrov is applying for the position of 2nd Officer. He is a Russian citizen born in 1960 in Chelyabinsk region. He has over 30 years of experience as a navigator and 2nd Officer on various vessel types under different flags. He holds numerous certifications from Russia and in accordance with the STCW convention. His most recent seagoing experience includes positions on container vessels of up to 26,582 GRT.
1) O documento lista vários livros e autores relacionados a temas como capitalismo, imperialismo e história econômica.
2) Inclui leituras sobre capitalismo e crises econômicas, a formação do Terceiro Mundo, a Revolução Industrial e o desenvolvimento do capitalismo.
3) A lista engloba obras clássicas e contemporâneas de diferentes perspectivas teóricas.
Western Commercial Industrial Brokers is a real estate brokerage founded in 2006 and led by Directors David Dewes and Robert Havenga. The company focuses on buying, selling, leasing, and managing commercial, retail, and industrial properties in the West Rand region of South Africa. WCI Brokers prides itself on building strong client relationships and finding innovative solutions to maximize property investments and income. Current projects include developing a shopping center in Meyerton, a hotel and retail complex near Lanseria Airport, and renovating several office and industrial buildings.
El Avila es una cordillera localizada en el norte de Venezuela que se extiende desde Caracas hasta el sur del estado de Vargas. Ofrece varias actividades recreativas y de aventura como canopy entre los árboles, senderismo, y pueblos pequeños con restaurantes y vistas panorámicas, siendo uno de los principales atractivos turísticos de la capital.
El documento compara el proceso de cambio de caucho de un vehículo realizado por un hombre y una mujer. Luis completó el proceso en 17 minutos y 30 segundos, mientras que Karen tomó 28 minutos y 45 segundos. El documento analiza cada etapa del proceso y sugiere formas de mejorar la productividad, como más entrenamiento, herramientas adecuadas y nuevas tecnologías.
William Shakespeare, English poet and playwright, considered the greatest writer in the English language and the most influential playwright in the world, is author in his theatrical play King Lear of the phrase "What a terrible this time where idiots drive unseeing”. This phrase applies perfectly to Brazil of the contemporary era in which we find the existence of idiots, ie rulers devoid of intelligence and common sense in the nation's command driving unseeing, that is, the incompetent members of government structure that already are leading the country to bankruptcy.
Igor Alexandrov is applying for the position of 2nd Officer. He is a Russian citizen born in 1960 in Chelyabinsk region. He has over 30 years of experience as a navigator and 2nd Officer on various vessel types under different flags. He holds numerous certifications from Russia and in accordance with the STCW convention. His most recent seagoing experience includes positions on container vessels of up to 26,582 GRT.
1) O documento lista vários livros e autores relacionados a temas como capitalismo, imperialismo e história econômica.
2) Inclui leituras sobre capitalismo e crises econômicas, a formação do Terceiro Mundo, a Revolução Industrial e o desenvolvimento do capitalismo.
3) A lista engloba obras clássicas e contemporâneas de diferentes perspectivas teóricas.
Western Commercial Industrial Brokers is a real estate brokerage founded in 2006 and led by Directors David Dewes and Robert Havenga. The company focuses on buying, selling, leasing, and managing commercial, retail, and industrial properties in the West Rand region of South Africa. WCI Brokers prides itself on building strong client relationships and finding innovative solutions to maximize property investments and income. Current projects include developing a shopping center in Meyerton, a hotel and retail complex near Lanseria Airport, and renovating several office and industrial buildings.
El Avila es una cordillera localizada en el norte de Venezuela que se extiende desde Caracas hasta el sur del estado de Vargas. Ofrece varias actividades recreativas y de aventura como canopy entre los árboles, senderismo, y pueblos pequeños con restaurantes y vistas panorámicas, siendo uno de los principales atractivos turísticos de la capital.
El documento compara el proceso de cambio de caucho de un vehículo realizado por un hombre y una mujer. Luis completó el proceso en 17 minutos y 30 segundos, mientras que Karen tomó 28 minutos y 45 segundos. El documento analiza cada etapa del proceso y sugiere formas de mejorar la productividad, como más entrenamiento, herramientas adecuadas y nuevas tecnologías.
Este documento contiene una colección de chistes cortos de diferentes temas como relojes, viajes en autobús, divorcios, ordenadores y más. Los chistes juegan con palabras y situaciones cotidianas para provocar la risa. Al final, se incluye un enlace a un sitio web con más contenido humorístico.
This independent study project report describes the design of a digitally tunable lowpass-notch filter for brain signal measurement applications. A fifth-order elliptic filter combines lowpass and notch filtering functionality to remove powerline interference at 60Hz while passing brain signals from 1-40Hz. The notch frequency is tuned digitally by connecting extra capacitors in parallel with switches controlled by a microcontroller. Simulation and measurement results demonstrate the filter's performance and ability to tune the notch frequency digitally. Future work involves implementing automatic calibration of the notch frequency through on-chip digital circuits.
Este documento resume cuatro programas de semanas internacionales de MBA que tendrán lugar en octubre de 2015. El programa de IESE New York se llevará a cabo del 5 al 9 de octubre y costará $1600 adicionales. El programa de CEIBS China será del 7 al 16 de octubre en Beijing y Shanghái y costará $2700 adicionales. El programa de IPADE México será del 5 al 9 de octubre sin costo adicional. Finalmente, el programa GIP de los EEUU será del 10 al 25 de octubre
www.gironaterritoricardioprotegit.cat Dipsalut, en el marc del programa «Girona, territori cardioprotegit», ha instal·lat desfibril·ladors automàtics (DEA) a totes les poblacions de la demarcació de Girona per intervenir ràpidament en el cas que una persona pateixi una aturada cardíaca.
Alhora, l’Organisme dóna a conèixer aquests aparells, promou el seu ús i difon pautes bàsiques per fer-los servir; informa del protocol de la cadena de supervivència, proporciona la formació necessària, potencia les habilitats que calen per utilitzar-los si fos el cas i sensibilitza
la població envers la importància de cuidar-se el cor.
Este curriculum vitae resume la experiencia educativa y laboral de Luis Enrique Medina Medina. Posee títulos de pregrado, maestría y doctorado en farmacia, bioquímica y administración de empresas. Ha trabajado en oficinas farmacéuticas, droguerías, hospitales y laboratorios en Perú y España. Actualmente cursa estudios de doctorado en bioética.
Programm / time schedule Plakat 11. Internationales MitOst-Festival 2013 Lei...MitOst
Das 11. internationale MitOst-Festival bringt vom 9. bis zum 13. Oktober junge Menschen aus über 20 Ländern in Leipzig zusammen. Seit 2003 findet das Festival jedes Jahr in einer anderen europäischen Stadt statt und versteht sich als eine internationale Netzwerk- und Weiterbildungsplattform. In diesem Jahr lädt der Verein MitOst nach Leipzig ein.
Das neue Schauspiel Leipzig wird im Oktober zur Festivalzentrale. Vier Tage lang organisiert das Festivalteam vor Ort gemeinsam mit NGOs und Leipziger Kulturinstitutionen ein umfassendes Kultur- und Fortbildungsprogramm. Ein Rahmenprogramm aus Filmvorführungen, Ausstellungen, Diskussionen, Lesungen, Stadtführungen, Konzerten und Tanzabenden bringt den MitOst-Geist nach Leipzig; verbindet MitOst-Mitglieder, Partnerorganisationen und Leipzigerinnen und Leipziger. Das MitOst-Festival in Leipzig fördert aktive Bürgerschaft, europäische Identität, Solidarität und Toleranz. Zur Teilnahme sind alle eingeladen, die sich für den kulturellen und zivilgesellschaftlichen Austausch in Europa und seinen Nachbarländern interessieren.
Das Festival findet seit 2003 jedes Jahr in einer anderen Stadt statt. Wir freuen uns, dass nach Pécs, Vilnius, Breslau, Temeswar, Görlitz-Zgorzelec, Uzhhorod, Danzig, Perm, Budweis und Ruse im Jahr 2013 Leipzig unsere Gastgeberstadt sein wird.
Rovira ie chili la selva manual de convivencia nuevosebasecret
Este documento presenta el manual de convivencia de la Institución Educativa Chili La Selva. Incluye la misión, visión y filosofía de la institución, así como los himnos nacional, departamental y municipal. Además, presenta la planta del personal directivo y docente, e introduce el manual de convivencia explicando su justificación y objetivos generales como fomentar prácticas democráticas y contribuir a la formación integral de los estudiantes.
Esta es la presentación de la 6ª conferencia que desde "Africa, Stop Malaria" hemos protagonizado. En esta ocasión tuvo lugar en la ciudad que acoje la asociación, Sant Feliu de Llobregat y gracias de nuevo a la colaboración de la entidad centenaria "La Unió Coral" que nos cedió su espacio.
Lindab provides duct systems, indoor climate solutions, building components, and complete steel building systems to simplify the construction process. They develop products like click-together ducts and studs, as well as tools to improve ergonomics. Lindab aims to deliver energy efficient solutions and make life easier for customers through streamlined logistics, building systems, components, duct systems, climate products, and sustainability initiatives.
Este documento presenta varios conceptos y leyes relacionadas con la complejidad, incluyendo el sobrepasamiento, las 3R (reducir, reutilizar y reciclar), la ley de la variedad requerida de Ashby, y la ley de Parkinson sobre la ineficiencia burocrática. Cada concepto o ley se define brevemente y se explica su relación con la complejidad.
14 el período nacional o revolución americana kevin garcia
Durante el Período Nacional estadounidense (1784-1861), la educación física comenzó a desarrollarse en las escuelas y academias, aunque no se consideraba una asignatura integral. Más tarde, se introdujeron programas de gimnasia alemana y ejercicios calisténicos. Figuras como Catherine Beecher y J.C. Warren promovieron la educación física para hombres y mujeres, mientras que Dioclesian Lewes estableció la primera escuela de educación física y publicó una revista sobre el tema
Stepping Up To Consumer Expectations: The Imperative For Customer-Centric Mar...G3 Communications
Join us for this 45-minute webinar, in which we will share insights on what is really working in 2013 — based on campaign performance data from hundreds of retailers and behavioral analysis spanning 250 million consumer profiles.
5. orientación del lenguaje, seguimiento del manejo del baby bookRossyPalmaM Palma M
El documento describe la importancia de iniciar tempranamente la educación de niños con discapacidad auditiva, ya que los primeros años son cruciales para el desarrollo del lenguaje. También detalla las áreas fundamentales a desarrollar como la psicomotricidad, la educación multisensorial, el entrenamiento auditivo y la lectura labio-facial.
La poda es el proceso de recortar árboles y arbustos. Puede aumentar el rendimiento de frutos y dar forma a los árboles. Se realizan diferentes tipos de poda como la de copa, formación y aclareo para controlar el tamaño y forma de los árboles. La poda debe hacerse con cuidado y en la época adecuada para cada planta.
Este documento describe las cualificaciones profesionales requeridas para trabajar en el sector de atención a la dependencia en España. Explica que existen tres vías para acreditar estas cualificaciones: 1) mediante títulos de formación profesional inicial, 2) a través de certificados de profesionalidad, y 3) por el procedimiento de reconocimiento de competencias profesionales adquiridas a través de la experiencia laboral.
The Political Organisation of the Homeless in BrazilFEANTSA
Presentation given by Rosemeire Barboza da Silva, University of Coimbra, Portugal at a FEANTSA Research Conference on "Rethinking Homelessness Policies", Lisbon, Portugal, 2007
Migration as an agent of Social Change in the Rural Areas: A case of Banke Di...IJRTEMJOURNAL
Recent research on the impact of labor migration on the socioeconomic development of developing
countries has provided opportunity to try and resolve some of the long-standing polemics that have pervaded the
literature on migration and development. This article focuses on findings concerning the labor, remittance, and
social impacts of emigration on countries that have participated in labor emigration. While a great deal more
research needs to be done, recent findings confirm that in some situations the sort-term impacts of labor migration
on sending countries have been considerable. In the study area (Titiheriya, Samserganja and Rajhena VDCs of
Banke district, Western Nepal total 6272 young adults left “home” to work as migrants in the Gulf and Middle
Eastern countries or in India. Random sample method has been used and selected 240 households (migrants) for
the data collection. Better jobs with handsome earnings motivates them to migrate to Arabian and Indian cities
to secure livelihoods. But at the same time migrants are not free of risks. The findings of this study have shown
largely a positive outlook of migration in terms of livelihood security. This reflects the wider themes with respect
to socio-economic determinants of access and opportunity. Regardless of whether migration is as accumulative
process or coping strongly, most migrants receive little support and live in very difficult conditions at their
destinations. Thus, a rights-based approach to guarantee the overall security of migrants is needed.
City of Walls Crime, Segregation, and Citizenship in São Paulo by Teresa P. R...MartinJaramillo18
This document provides an introduction to the book "City of Walls: Crime, Segregation, and Citizenship in Sao Paulo" by Teresa P. R. Caldeira. The book analyzes how crime, fear of violence, and disrespect of citizenship rights have intersected with urban transformations in Sao Paulo over the last two decades to produce a new pattern of urban segregation. During this period, Brazil transitioned to democracy after decades of military rule. The rise in violent crime in Sao Paulo since the mid-1980s generated widespread fear and new strategies of protection like gated communities and private security. These changes have symbolically and materially reinforced differences and social divisions through walls, partitions, and rules
Este documento contiene una colección de chistes cortos de diferentes temas como relojes, viajes en autobús, divorcios, ordenadores y más. Los chistes juegan con palabras y situaciones cotidianas para provocar la risa. Al final, se incluye un enlace a un sitio web con más contenido humorístico.
This independent study project report describes the design of a digitally tunable lowpass-notch filter for brain signal measurement applications. A fifth-order elliptic filter combines lowpass and notch filtering functionality to remove powerline interference at 60Hz while passing brain signals from 1-40Hz. The notch frequency is tuned digitally by connecting extra capacitors in parallel with switches controlled by a microcontroller. Simulation and measurement results demonstrate the filter's performance and ability to tune the notch frequency digitally. Future work involves implementing automatic calibration of the notch frequency through on-chip digital circuits.
Este documento resume cuatro programas de semanas internacionales de MBA que tendrán lugar en octubre de 2015. El programa de IESE New York se llevará a cabo del 5 al 9 de octubre y costará $1600 adicionales. El programa de CEIBS China será del 7 al 16 de octubre en Beijing y Shanghái y costará $2700 adicionales. El programa de IPADE México será del 5 al 9 de octubre sin costo adicional. Finalmente, el programa GIP de los EEUU será del 10 al 25 de octubre
www.gironaterritoricardioprotegit.cat Dipsalut, en el marc del programa «Girona, territori cardioprotegit», ha instal·lat desfibril·ladors automàtics (DEA) a totes les poblacions de la demarcació de Girona per intervenir ràpidament en el cas que una persona pateixi una aturada cardíaca.
Alhora, l’Organisme dóna a conèixer aquests aparells, promou el seu ús i difon pautes bàsiques per fer-los servir; informa del protocol de la cadena de supervivència, proporciona la formació necessària, potencia les habilitats que calen per utilitzar-los si fos el cas i sensibilitza
la població envers la importància de cuidar-se el cor.
Este curriculum vitae resume la experiencia educativa y laboral de Luis Enrique Medina Medina. Posee títulos de pregrado, maestría y doctorado en farmacia, bioquímica y administración de empresas. Ha trabajado en oficinas farmacéuticas, droguerías, hospitales y laboratorios en Perú y España. Actualmente cursa estudios de doctorado en bioética.
Programm / time schedule Plakat 11. Internationales MitOst-Festival 2013 Lei...MitOst
Das 11. internationale MitOst-Festival bringt vom 9. bis zum 13. Oktober junge Menschen aus über 20 Ländern in Leipzig zusammen. Seit 2003 findet das Festival jedes Jahr in einer anderen europäischen Stadt statt und versteht sich als eine internationale Netzwerk- und Weiterbildungsplattform. In diesem Jahr lädt der Verein MitOst nach Leipzig ein.
Das neue Schauspiel Leipzig wird im Oktober zur Festivalzentrale. Vier Tage lang organisiert das Festivalteam vor Ort gemeinsam mit NGOs und Leipziger Kulturinstitutionen ein umfassendes Kultur- und Fortbildungsprogramm. Ein Rahmenprogramm aus Filmvorführungen, Ausstellungen, Diskussionen, Lesungen, Stadtführungen, Konzerten und Tanzabenden bringt den MitOst-Geist nach Leipzig; verbindet MitOst-Mitglieder, Partnerorganisationen und Leipzigerinnen und Leipziger. Das MitOst-Festival in Leipzig fördert aktive Bürgerschaft, europäische Identität, Solidarität und Toleranz. Zur Teilnahme sind alle eingeladen, die sich für den kulturellen und zivilgesellschaftlichen Austausch in Europa und seinen Nachbarländern interessieren.
Das Festival findet seit 2003 jedes Jahr in einer anderen Stadt statt. Wir freuen uns, dass nach Pécs, Vilnius, Breslau, Temeswar, Görlitz-Zgorzelec, Uzhhorod, Danzig, Perm, Budweis und Ruse im Jahr 2013 Leipzig unsere Gastgeberstadt sein wird.
Rovira ie chili la selva manual de convivencia nuevosebasecret
Este documento presenta el manual de convivencia de la Institución Educativa Chili La Selva. Incluye la misión, visión y filosofía de la institución, así como los himnos nacional, departamental y municipal. Además, presenta la planta del personal directivo y docente, e introduce el manual de convivencia explicando su justificación y objetivos generales como fomentar prácticas democráticas y contribuir a la formación integral de los estudiantes.
Esta es la presentación de la 6ª conferencia que desde "Africa, Stop Malaria" hemos protagonizado. En esta ocasión tuvo lugar en la ciudad que acoje la asociación, Sant Feliu de Llobregat y gracias de nuevo a la colaboración de la entidad centenaria "La Unió Coral" que nos cedió su espacio.
Lindab provides duct systems, indoor climate solutions, building components, and complete steel building systems to simplify the construction process. They develop products like click-together ducts and studs, as well as tools to improve ergonomics. Lindab aims to deliver energy efficient solutions and make life easier for customers through streamlined logistics, building systems, components, duct systems, climate products, and sustainability initiatives.
Este documento presenta varios conceptos y leyes relacionadas con la complejidad, incluyendo el sobrepasamiento, las 3R (reducir, reutilizar y reciclar), la ley de la variedad requerida de Ashby, y la ley de Parkinson sobre la ineficiencia burocrática. Cada concepto o ley se define brevemente y se explica su relación con la complejidad.
14 el período nacional o revolución americana kevin garcia
Durante el Período Nacional estadounidense (1784-1861), la educación física comenzó a desarrollarse en las escuelas y academias, aunque no se consideraba una asignatura integral. Más tarde, se introdujeron programas de gimnasia alemana y ejercicios calisténicos. Figuras como Catherine Beecher y J.C. Warren promovieron la educación física para hombres y mujeres, mientras que Dioclesian Lewes estableció la primera escuela de educación física y publicó una revista sobre el tema
Stepping Up To Consumer Expectations: The Imperative For Customer-Centric Mar...G3 Communications
Join us for this 45-minute webinar, in which we will share insights on what is really working in 2013 — based on campaign performance data from hundreds of retailers and behavioral analysis spanning 250 million consumer profiles.
5. orientación del lenguaje, seguimiento del manejo del baby bookRossyPalmaM Palma M
El documento describe la importancia de iniciar tempranamente la educación de niños con discapacidad auditiva, ya que los primeros años son cruciales para el desarrollo del lenguaje. También detalla las áreas fundamentales a desarrollar como la psicomotricidad, la educación multisensorial, el entrenamiento auditivo y la lectura labio-facial.
La poda es el proceso de recortar árboles y arbustos. Puede aumentar el rendimiento de frutos y dar forma a los árboles. Se realizan diferentes tipos de poda como la de copa, formación y aclareo para controlar el tamaño y forma de los árboles. La poda debe hacerse con cuidado y en la época adecuada para cada planta.
Este documento describe las cualificaciones profesionales requeridas para trabajar en el sector de atención a la dependencia en España. Explica que existen tres vías para acreditar estas cualificaciones: 1) mediante títulos de formación profesional inicial, 2) a través de certificados de profesionalidad, y 3) por el procedimiento de reconocimiento de competencias profesionales adquiridas a través de la experiencia laboral.
The Political Organisation of the Homeless in BrazilFEANTSA
Presentation given by Rosemeire Barboza da Silva, University of Coimbra, Portugal at a FEANTSA Research Conference on "Rethinking Homelessness Policies", Lisbon, Portugal, 2007
Migration as an agent of Social Change in the Rural Areas: A case of Banke Di...IJRTEMJOURNAL
Recent research on the impact of labor migration on the socioeconomic development of developing
countries has provided opportunity to try and resolve some of the long-standing polemics that have pervaded the
literature on migration and development. This article focuses on findings concerning the labor, remittance, and
social impacts of emigration on countries that have participated in labor emigration. While a great deal more
research needs to be done, recent findings confirm that in some situations the sort-term impacts of labor migration
on sending countries have been considerable. In the study area (Titiheriya, Samserganja and Rajhena VDCs of
Banke district, Western Nepal total 6272 young adults left “home” to work as migrants in the Gulf and Middle
Eastern countries or in India. Random sample method has been used and selected 240 households (migrants) for
the data collection. Better jobs with handsome earnings motivates them to migrate to Arabian and Indian cities
to secure livelihoods. But at the same time migrants are not free of risks. The findings of this study have shown
largely a positive outlook of migration in terms of livelihood security. This reflects the wider themes with respect
to socio-economic determinants of access and opportunity. Regardless of whether migration is as accumulative
process or coping strongly, most migrants receive little support and live in very difficult conditions at their
destinations. Thus, a rights-based approach to guarantee the overall security of migrants is needed.
City of Walls Crime, Segregation, and Citizenship in São Paulo by Teresa P. R...MartinJaramillo18
This document provides an introduction to the book "City of Walls: Crime, Segregation, and Citizenship in Sao Paulo" by Teresa P. R. Caldeira. The book analyzes how crime, fear of violence, and disrespect of citizenship rights have intersected with urban transformations in Sao Paulo over the last two decades to produce a new pattern of urban segregation. During this period, Brazil transitioned to democracy after decades of military rule. The rise in violent crime in Sao Paulo since the mid-1980s generated widespread fear and new strategies of protection like gated communities and private security. These changes have symbolically and materially reinforced differences and social divisions through walls, partitions, and rules
This document discusses concepts related to urbanization, urbanism, and cities. Some key points:
- Urbanization is defined as the process of populations moving from rural to urban areas, causing cities and towns to grow. It is influenced by economic, political, and social advantages of urban living.
- Urbanism refers to the way of life in cities, and the social and cultural consequences of dense, heterogeneous urban populations. It involves more competition, specialization, and impersonal relationships than rural areas.
- New Urbanism is an urban planning movement that promotes walkable, mixed-use neighborhoods to encourage healthier, more sustainable living. It aims to build a sense of community while adopting ecological practices.
The document discusses various topics related to urbanization, urban areas, and rural development. Some key points:
- Urbanization is defined as the process where populations move from rural to urban areas, enabling cities and towns to grow. It is influenced by perceived benefits in cities like economic opportunities and services.
- Characteristics of urban areas include large populations, population density, heterogeneity, and ways of life involving competition, anonymity, and individualism.
- Rural development aims to provide basic necessities, self-respect, freedom, and reduce servitude. It is a goal for improving living standards.
- New urbanism is an approach that promotes walkable, mixed-use communities and public transportation to encourage
A B S T R A C T
Most of the cities around the world are dealing with different kinds of the problems such as social, environmental, economic and others. However, for many years, urban planners have attempted to find solutions that fit within the context and have put them into practice in order to shape the form of a city accordingly. One of the controversial problems which most of the developing and developed countries deal with it is urban sprawl, which affects everything and everyone in different scales. For last three decades, even in case of T.R.N. Cyprus, urban sprawl has become inevitable; urban sprawl is recognizable, sprawl construction becomes a profitable business for construction, real-estate, and others involved in this business. Unfortunately, some communities to realize their vision welcomed to urban sprawl construction and enthusiastically embrace it with open arm, such communities sacrifice sociability opportunity and vibrant neighborhood to those single-use towns which is one of the main characteristics is social exclusion and psychological problems, fundamentally one of the key factors can be found in lack of public awareness especially for who prefer to live in sprawl town. In T.R.N. Cyprus urban sprawl didn’t promote auto-dependency. Despite urban sprawl in T.R.N. Cyprus have many repercussions, one of the important impacts which are considered in this articles are psychological impact of urban sprawl, also this article attempt to divide urban sprawl leaving condition into three phases, and promote the contemplate phase which makes sprawl inhabitants think and return to inner-city neighborhood again.
This document provides an overview of the gentrification process in the Lawrenceville neighborhood of Pittsburgh over the past 20-25 years. It discusses how Lawrenceville shifted from a blue-collar middle class community to a new middle class population of artists, young professionals, and "bohemians". The gentrification was driven by efforts from Lawrenceville officials and city planners to attract new businesses and residents by marketing affordable housing and business space. While gentrification models cannot be universally applied, examining the specific cultural and economic factors involved in Lawrenceville's transformation provides insights into urban development and population shifts in other Rust Belt cities experiencing similar changes.
This document provides background on the gentrification process in Lawrenceville, Pittsburgh over the past 20 years. It discusses how Lawrenceville shifted from a blue-collar, middle class neighborhood to a new middle class of artists, young professionals, and "bohemians". The gentrification was spurred by efforts from community officials and business elites to attract new businesses and residents through affordable housing and business rents. While gentrification studies often overgeneralize, examining specific communities like Lawrenceville in a qualitative way is important to understand all the unique factors involved in the process.
The Perception of Community Social Support Among Young Foreign Born People in...Miqui Mel
The Perception of Community Social Support Among Young Foreign Born People in Catalonia
Source: Revista de cercetare [i interven]ie socialä
Date: July 2014.
SOCIAL SCIENCE SS ELECTIVE 6 Cities and SocietiesJollibethGante
PART II: GLOBALIZATION AND ITS IMPACT ON CITIES
Overview of Global Cities – Saskia Sassen
The Urban-Rural Interface and Migration – Alan Gilbert and Josef Gugler
Community, Ethnicity, and Urban Sociology – Jan Lin
The New Urban Reality – Roger Waldinger
The Return of the Sweatshop – Edna Bonacich and Richard P. Appelbaum
Identity In Narrative A Study Of Immigrant DiscourseErin Torres
This document introduces the motivation and objectives of the book. It aims to investigate the construction and negotiation of identities among Mexican immigrants in the United States through qualitative analysis of narratives. Specifically, it seeks to understand how narrative discourse shapes identities and how identities are expressed locally in narratives. The book is based on interviews with 14 Mexican immigrants in Maryland. It argues that qualitative, discourse-based approaches provide valuable insights into immigrant experiences and identities that are often overlooked. Narratives in particular are well-suited for this analysis as they allow immigrants to freely discuss their experiences and negotiate meanings and identities.
Crisis, Urban Segregation and Social Innovation in CataloniaBarrisCrisi
Article publicat a la revista PArtecipazione e COnflitto.
Referència: Cruz, H.; Martínez Moreno, R.; Blanco, I. (2017). "Crisis, Urban Segregation and Social Innovation in Catalonia", PACO, Issue 10 (1), pp. 221-245.
1 Sociology and its relation to planning.pptxssuserc23e44
Sociology examines individuals within social contexts like groups, organizations, cultures and societies. The document discusses several sociological theories and perspectives:
Structural functionalism views society as made up of interrelated parts that meet individuals' needs. Conflict theory sees society as competition over limited resources between social classes. Symbolic interactionism focuses on how people interact and how meanings emerge from those interactions. The document also examines topics like migration, urban poverty, gender inequality, and the role of social capital.
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI)inventionjournals
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Humanities and Social Science. IJHSSI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Humanities and Social Science, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online
This document analyzes census data from 10 Latin American countries to examine the spatial distribution of indigenous populations. It finds that while indigenous peoples still predominantly live in rural areas, an increasing proportion reside in cities. Indigenous groups show a tendency to settle near their home territories rather than large metropolises. Within cities, indigenous people are often concentrated in areas with higher poverty levels. The document aims to provide insights into the territorial patterns of indigenous groups to inform public policy regarding their rights.
This document provides the syllabus and introduction for a course on population statistics (Stat 305). The course aims to provide students with knowledge and skills for analyzing demographic data and describing patterns of population growth. Specific goals include introducing students to sources of demographic data, methods for analyzing data, estimating indicators of mortality, fertility, marriage, and migration, and building population models and projections. The syllabus outlines topics that will be covered including world population trends, sources of population data, analyzing population characteristics, levels and patterns of mortality, fertility, marriage, and migration.
This document discusses factors that affect the location choices of street vendors in Science City, Muñoz, Nueva Ecija, Philippines. It first provides background on the role and importance of street vendors in the Philippines' economy, noting that they make up 72.5% of employment in the informal sector. It then reviews literature on the evolution of markets and consumer behavior, the role of ethnicity, and the roles of government in regulating street vending. The purpose of the study is to provide baseline data on how street vendors choose locations and to help minimize their costs of competition by understanding the key determinants of their location decisions.
This document provides an overview of the discipline of demography. It discusses the historical foundations and development of demography as a social science. Key figures like John Graunt, Johan Sussmilch, and Thomas Malthus are mentioned as pioneering early works in demography. The document also outlines classical works in demography by scholars like Kingsley Davis and Timothy Dyson. It describes the fields of historical demography and social demography. Important concepts in demography around fertility, mortality, migration, urbanization and population are defined. Current applications of demography discussed include biodemography and population geography.
This document provides an overview of the discipline of demography. It discusses the historical foundations and development of demography as a social science. Key figures like John Graunt, Johan Sussmilch, and Thomas Malthus are mentioned as pioneering early works in demography. The document also outlines classical works in demography by scholars like Kingsley Davis and Timothy Dyson. It describes the fields of historical demography and social demography. Important concepts in demography around fertility, mortality, migration, urbanization and population are defined. Current applications of demography discussed include biodemography and population geography.
Similar to Social Practices developed with Homeless in the City of São Paulo (20)
A Way Home: An Innovative and Effective Model for Prevention and Collaboratio...FEANTSA
Melanie Redman and Stephen Gaetz's presentation in the "How Can we Effectively Work Together to Prevent and End Youth Homelessness?" workshop at the FEANTSA Annual European Policy Conference on the 10th of June 2016.
Policy Recommendations on Ways to Address the Effects of Homelessness on Chil...FEANTSA
Bruno Vanobbergen and Leen Ackaert's presentation in the "How Can we Effectively Work Together to Prevent and End Youth Homelessness?" workshop at the FEANTSA Annual European Policy Conference on the 10th of June 2016.
Results of Recent Research on Costs of Homelessness in Belgium - Reflection o...FEANTSA
Danny Lescrauwaet's presentation in the "How Much does Homelessness Costs - The Pros and Cons of the Cost-Efficiency Argument" workshop at the FEANTSA Annual European Policy Conference on the 10th of June 2016.
Dutch Homelessness Strategy - The Key Role of Local AuthoritiesFEANTSA
Rina Beers' presentation in the "National Strategy on Homelessness: Key to Success or Pitfall?" workshop at the FEANTSA Annual European Policy Conference on the 10th of June 2016.
Evaluation of the Danish Homelessness Strategy: Mixed ResultsFEANTSA
Lars Benjaminsen's presentation in the "National Strategy on Homelessness - Key to Success or Pitfall?" workshop at the FEANTSA Annual European Policy Conference on the 10th of June 2016.
The Role of the Social Experimentation in Driving Change in the Homeless Sect...FEANTSA
Coralie Buxant's presentation in the "Housing First/Housing-led: Is it Necessary to Change the Paradigm?" workshop at the FEANTSA Annual European Policy Conference on the 10th of June 2016.
The Impact of the Rising Tide of Asylum-seekers on the Homeless Sector in Ger...FEANTSA
Thomas Specht's presentation in the "Access to Adequate Accommodation for Asylum Seekers and the Role of the Homeless Sector" workshop at the FEANTSA European Policy Conference on teh 10th of June 2016
Asylum Reform in France and the Evolving Role of the Homeless SectorFEANTSA
Juliette Delaplace's presentation in the "Access to Adequate Accommodation for Asylum Seekers and the Role of the Homeless Sector" at the FEANTSA Annual European Policy Conference on the 10th of June 2016
Presentation in the "Are you in? Building a European Movement to End Street Homelessness" workshop at the FEANTSA Annual European Policy Conference on the 10th of June 2016.
Mental Health and Homelessness: Providing Support to Frontline Workers Workin...FEANTSA
Mahe Aja's presentation in the "Effective Health Interventions for Homeless People - Building Bridges across Sectors" workshop at the FEANTSA Annual European Policy Conference on the 10th of June 2016
Data Matching: Understanding the Impact of Homelessness on Health ServicesFEANTSA
Neil Hamlet's presentation in the "Effective Health Interventions for Homeless People - Building Bridges Across Sectors" workshop at the FEANTSA Annual European Policy Conference on the 10th of June 2016
Can Empty Housing Genuinely be Converted into Real Solutions for Homeless Peo...FEANTSA
Bronagh D'Arcy's presentation in the "Innovative Housing Solutions for Homeless People" workshop at the FEANTSA Annual European Policy Conference on the 10th of June 2016
Good Quality Housing for Very Vulnerable People: The Domus ProjectFEANTSA
Sara Waelbers' presentation in the "Innovative Housing Solutions for Homeless People" workshop at the FEANTSA Annual European Policy Conference on the 10th of June 2016.
The Vital Role Housing Plays in Tackling and Responding to Domestic AbuseFEANTSA
Gudrun Burnet's presentation in the "Homelessness: Highlighting Different Gender Perspectives, Challenges and Solutions" workshop at the FEANTSA Annual Policy Conference on the 10th of June 2016
Specific Challenges Encountered by Homeless FathersFEANTSA
Marleen Heylen's presentation in the "Homelessness: Highlighting Different Gender Perspectives, Challenges and Solutions" at the FEANTSA Annual European Policy Conference on the 10th of June 2016
Experts by Experience: Hands-on Experts in Poverty and their Added Value in I...FEANTSA
Olivier Van Goethem and Janetta Daniyiova's presentation in the "Ask the Real Experts: The Added Value of Hands-on Experience in Teams and in Developing Innovative Policies" workshop at the Housing First in Europe conference on the 9th of June 2016
Maria José Aldanas' presentation in the "Getting Started: Tools Available for Workers and Policy Makers" workshop at the Housing First in Europe conference on the 9th of June 2016.
How to Start Housing First? As an Organisation or as a Support Team?FEANTSA
Marjorie Lelubre and Charlotte Brosius' presentation in the "Getting Started: Tools Available for Workers and Policy Makers" workshop at the Housing First in Europe conference on the 9th of June 2016
Lessons Learned in the Turning Point Scotland Housing First ProgrammeFEANTSA
Patrick McKay from Turning Point Scotland presented on their Housing First program in Glasgow. Turning Point Scotland provides over 35 services supporting nearly 9,000 people across Scotland. Their Glasgow Housing First program, established in 2011, is one of the first in the UK to house people experiencing homelessness and substance abuse issues. The program takes a flexible, person-centered approach to support, allowing clients to maintain their housing even if continuing substance use, and focusing on harm reduction through peer support workers with lived experience. Evaluation found half of clients experienced positive changes to their substance use through the stability of housing and personalized support.
Housing First and Harm Reduction: Tools and ValuesFEANTSA
Muriel Allart's presentation in the "Encouraging Housing Retention and Recovery for Tenants with Addictions" workshop at the Housing First in Europe conference on the 9th of June 2016
What is an RPA CoE? Session 1 – CoE VisionDianaGray10
In the first session, we will review the organization's vision and how this has an impact on the COE Structure.
Topics covered:
• The role of a steering committee
• How do the organization’s priorities determine CoE Structure?
Speaker:
Chris Bolin, Senior Intelligent Automation Architect Anika Systems
Essentials of Automations: Exploring Attributes & Automation ParametersSafe Software
Building automations in FME Flow can save time, money, and help businesses scale by eliminating data silos and providing data to stakeholders in real-time. One essential component to orchestrating complex automations is the use of attributes & automation parameters (both formerly known as “keys”). In fact, it’s unlikely you’ll ever build an Automation without using these components, but what exactly are they?
Attributes & automation parameters enable the automation author to pass data values from one automation component to the next. During this webinar, our FME Flow Specialists will cover leveraging the three types of these output attributes & parameters in FME Flow: Event, Custom, and Automation. As a bonus, they’ll also be making use of the Split-Merge Block functionality.
You’ll leave this webinar with a better understanding of how to maximize the potential of automations by making use of attributes & automation parameters, with the ultimate goal of setting your enterprise integration workflows up on autopilot.
Main news related to the CCS TSI 2023 (2023/1695)Jakub Marek
An English 🇬🇧 translation of a presentation to the speech I gave about the main changes brought by CCS TSI 2023 at the biggest Czech conference on Communications and signalling systems on Railways, which was held in Clarion Hotel Olomouc from 7th to 9th November 2023 (konferenceszt.cz). Attended by around 500 participants and 200 on-line followers.
The original Czech 🇨🇿 version of the presentation can be found here: https://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/hlavni-novinky-souvisejici-s-ccs-tsi-2023-2023-1695/269688092 .
The videorecording (in Czech) from the presentation is available here: https://youtu.be/WzjJWm4IyPk?si=SImb06tuXGb30BEH .
Northern Engraving | Nameplate Manufacturing Process - 2024Northern Engraving
Manufacturing custom quality metal nameplates and badges involves several standard operations. Processes include sheet prep, lithography, screening, coating, punch press and inspection. All decoration is completed in the flat sheet with adhesive and tooling operations following. The possibilities for creating unique durable nameplates are endless. How will you create your brand identity? We can help!
Skybuffer SAM4U tool for SAP license adoptionTatiana Kojar
Manage and optimize your license adoption and consumption with SAM4U, an SAP free customer software asset management tool.
SAM4U, an SAP complimentary software asset management tool for customers, delivers a detailed and well-structured overview of license inventory and usage with a user-friendly interface. We offer a hosted, cost-effective, and performance-optimized SAM4U setup in the Skybuffer Cloud environment. You retain ownership of the system and data, while we manage the ABAP 7.58 infrastructure, ensuring fixed Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) and exceptional services through the SAP Fiori interface.
Your One-Stop Shop for Python Success: Top 10 US Python Development Providersakankshawande
Simplify your search for a reliable Python development partner! This list presents the top 10 trusted US providers offering comprehensive Python development services, ensuring your project's success from conception to completion.
[OReilly Superstream] Occupy the Space: A grassroots guide to engineering (an...Jason Yip
The typical problem in product engineering is not bad strategy, so much as “no strategy”. This leads to confusion, lack of motivation, and incoherent action. The next time you look for a strategy and find an empty space, instead of waiting for it to be filled, I will show you how to fill it in yourself. If you’re wrong, it forces a correction. If you’re right, it helps create focus. I’ll share how I’ve approached this in the past, both what works and lessons for what didn’t work so well.
HCL Notes and Domino License Cost Reduction in the World of DLAUpanagenda
Webinar Recording: https://www.panagenda.com/webinars/hcl-notes-and-domino-license-cost-reduction-in-the-world-of-dlau/
The introduction of DLAU and the CCB & CCX licensing model caused quite a stir in the HCL community. As a Notes and Domino customer, you may have faced challenges with unexpected user counts and license costs. You probably have questions on how this new licensing approach works and how to benefit from it. Most importantly, you likely have budget constraints and want to save money where possible. Don’t worry, we can help with all of this!
We’ll show you how to fix common misconfigurations that cause higher-than-expected user counts, and how to identify accounts which you can deactivate to save money. There are also frequent patterns that can cause unnecessary cost, like using a person document instead of a mail-in for shared mailboxes. We’ll provide examples and solutions for those as well. And naturally we’ll explain the new licensing model.
Join HCL Ambassador Marc Thomas in this webinar with a special guest appearance from Franz Walder. It will give you the tools and know-how to stay on top of what is going on with Domino licensing. You will be able lower your cost through an optimized configuration and keep it low going forward.
These topics will be covered
- Reducing license cost by finding and fixing misconfigurations and superfluous accounts
- How do CCB and CCX licenses really work?
- Understanding the DLAU tool and how to best utilize it
- Tips for common problem areas, like team mailboxes, functional/test users, etc
- Practical examples and best practices to implement right away
Driving Business Innovation: Latest Generative AI Advancements & Success StorySafe Software
Are you ready to revolutionize how you handle data? Join us for a webinar where we’ll bring you up to speed with the latest advancements in Generative AI technology and discover how leveraging FME with tools from giants like Google Gemini, Amazon, and Microsoft OpenAI can supercharge your workflow efficiency.
During the hour, we’ll take you through:
Guest Speaker Segment with Hannah Barrington: Dive into the world of dynamic real estate marketing with Hannah, the Marketing Manager at Workspace Group. Hear firsthand how their team generates engaging descriptions for thousands of office units by integrating diverse data sources—from PDF floorplans to web pages—using FME transformers, like OpenAIVisionConnector and AnthropicVisionConnector. This use case will show you how GenAI can streamline content creation for marketing across the board.
Ollama Use Case: Learn how Scenario Specialist Dmitri Bagh has utilized Ollama within FME to input data, create custom models, and enhance security protocols. This segment will include demos to illustrate the full capabilities of FME in AI-driven processes.
Custom AI Models: Discover how to leverage FME to build personalized AI models using your data. Whether it’s populating a model with local data for added security or integrating public AI tools, find out how FME facilitates a versatile and secure approach to AI.
We’ll wrap up with a live Q&A session where you can engage with our experts on your specific use cases, and learn more about optimizing your data workflows with AI.
This webinar is ideal for professionals seeking to harness the power of AI within their data management systems while ensuring high levels of customization and security. Whether you're a novice or an expert, gain actionable insights and strategies to elevate your data processes. Join us to see how FME and AI can revolutionize how you work with data!
Generating privacy-protected synthetic data using Secludy and MilvusZilliz
During this demo, the founders of Secludy will demonstrate how their system utilizes Milvus to store and manipulate embeddings for generating privacy-protected synthetic data. Their approach not only maintains the confidentiality of the original data but also enhances the utility and scalability of LLMs under privacy constraints. Attendees, including machine learning engineers, data scientists, and data managers, will witness first-hand how Secludy's integration with Milvus empowers organizations to harness the power of LLMs securely and efficiently.
Ivanti’s Patch Tuesday breakdown goes beyond patching your applications and brings you the intelligence and guidance needed to prioritize where to focus your attention first. Catch early analysis on our Ivanti blog, then join industry expert Chris Goettl for the Patch Tuesday Webinar Event. There we’ll do a deep dive into each of the bulletins and give guidance on the risks associated with the newly-identified vulnerabilities.
zkStudyClub - LatticeFold: A Lattice-based Folding Scheme and its Application...Alex Pruden
Folding is a recent technique for building efficient recursive SNARKs. Several elegant folding protocols have been proposed, such as Nova, Supernova, Hypernova, Protostar, and others. However, all of them rely on an additively homomorphic commitment scheme based on discrete log, and are therefore not post-quantum secure. In this work we present LatticeFold, the first lattice-based folding protocol based on the Module SIS problem. This folding protocol naturally leads to an efficient recursive lattice-based SNARK and an efficient PCD scheme. LatticeFold supports folding low-degree relations, such as R1CS, as well as high-degree relations, such as CCS. The key challenge is to construct a secure folding protocol that works with the Ajtai commitment scheme. The difficulty, is ensuring that extracted witnesses are low norm through many rounds of folding. We present a novel technique using the sumcheck protocol to ensure that extracted witnesses are always low norm no matter how many rounds of folding are used. Our evaluation of the final proof system suggests that it is as performant as Hypernova, while providing post-quantum security.
Paper Link: https://eprint.iacr.org/2024/257
Connector Corner: Seamlessly power UiPath Apps, GenAI with prebuilt connectorsDianaGray10
Join us to learn how UiPath Apps can directly and easily interact with prebuilt connectors via Integration Service--including Salesforce, ServiceNow, Open GenAI, and more.
The best part is you can achieve this without building a custom workflow! Say goodbye to the hassle of using separate automations to call APIs. By seamlessly integrating within App Studio, you can now easily streamline your workflow, while gaining direct access to our Connector Catalog of popular applications.
We’ll discuss and demo the benefits of UiPath Apps and connectors including:
Creating a compelling user experience for any software, without the limitations of APIs.
Accelerating the app creation process, saving time and effort
Enjoying high-performance CRUD (create, read, update, delete) operations, for
seamless data management.
Speakers:
Russell Alfeche, Technology Leader, RPA at qBotic and UiPath MVP
Charlie Greenberg, host
Taking AI to the Next Level in Manufacturing.pdfssuserfac0301
Read Taking AI to the Next Level in Manufacturing to gain insights on AI adoption in the manufacturing industry, such as:
1. How quickly AI is being implemented in manufacturing.
2. Which barriers stand in the way of AI adoption.
3. How data quality and governance form the backbone of AI.
4. Organizational processes and structures that may inhibit effective AI adoption.
6. Ideas and approaches to help build your organization's AI strategy.
Social Practices developed with Homeless in the City of São Paulo
1. CONFERENCE: “RETHINKING HOMELESSNESS POLICIES”
FEANTSA AND CENTRO DE ESTUDOS PARA A INTERVENÇÃO SOCIAL
SEPTEMBER, 28 — LISBON
“Social practices developed with the homeless1 in the City of São Paulo (Brazil):
Issues for debate in the European scene”2
In Brazil, a heterogeneous fragment of workers gradually released from the formal work
market, performing professional activities considered irregular, unstable and low remunerated, has
emerged. For not having a permanent residence, they alternatively live in boarding houses, shelters
and city streets, and they take advantage of places offering food or social care centers to eat. Now,
more than ever, for these people, not only does living on the street mean the exposure to unsafe
conditions of life and work but it also means violence – by policemen and streets –, which is
worsened by the increasingly subjugating presence of crack.
Therefore, the presence of the homeless in the Brazilian large and medium cities has
progressively gained importance. It is not an issue excluded from the critical social problems arisen
out of severe transformations in both the labor market and the Nation in the last decades, nationally
and internationally. In the late 70’s and in the early 80’s, the association between unemployment
and ‘street status’ was first verified. News widely spread by press revealed an unambiguous profile
of people and families inhabiting public areas of the city of Sao Paulo, surviving on insecure
activities they do on the streets. In this economic and social situation, a lot of manpower and a little
1 In this text, I use the expression homeless to identity a group of people living on public places, such as streets,
sidewalks, bridges, squares, gardens, abandoned real states (different from the rural homeless), vacant lots, improvised
shelters or in the dampness, as well as those living in housings and public residences. In Brazil, there is an extensive
nomenclature, historically constructed and filled with meanings, which, in turn, expresses both the society’s
representations about them and their communication with certain social, economic and political-institutional conjectures.
However, in different social groups, there is an unmistaken trend to find a common denominator, one expression
comprising the heterogeneity of street status, in the generalizing meaning of disqualifying the population living and
surviving on the streets and housings – ‘burglars’ –, as well as another expression functioning as a counterpoint and
relieves prejudices or makes standpoints more explicit – ‘street people’, ‘street population’ or ‘population on street
status’.
2 I refer to the studies População de Rua: quem é, como vive e como é vista (Hucitec, 1992, co-author), População de
rua: Brasil e Canadá (Hucitec, 1995, organizer), Pesquisa documental (CD-ROM, 1999, material that I collected in
newspapers published from 1970 through 1998), and my master’s degree paper published under the title Vidas de Rua
(Hucitec/Rede Rua, 2005).
2. employment, corrosion of salary and workers’ living status, dislocation of initiatives of laborers’
organizations are noticed in an economy being developed by rejecting most workers. That is when
there comes out more perceptibly a percentage of workers, who, due to the 80’s social crises, no
longer finds industrial and usual job opportunities and starts working in the service segment, mainly
taking irregular positions in the informal economy. In Brazil, more precisely in the 80’s, the economic
recession along with the high inflationary rates led to an unprecedented worsening of misery and
poverty, as well as the problem regarding the homeless becomes more visible.
In the past few years, the globalized world’s capitalist development and social
transformations have equally created fragments of workers who, for failing to be up-to-date with the
changes in job profiles, experience the consequences of a strong release from the work market. It
can be verified by either the high unemployment rates or the precariousness of the work conditions
of the group of workers, who are now labeled ‘useless’ and ‘disposable’ in the production process
and gradually kept away from the possibilities and/or alternatives of work. An additional and
significant contribution to the release is workers’ low school level and lack of professional
qualification, especially in this economic environment.
It is evident that economic processes are not the only thing to blame for the fact of people
permanently or temporarily staying on streets or housings. There is a wide-ranging group of issues
that are associated with one another, mainly those connected with fragility and/or rupture of a
family’s loving ties, for a number of reasons: relocations when searching for a job, distance from
family’s restricted circle, harsh losses by death or desertion, breakups by conflicts, separations,
quarrels and fights.
The role of the State must also be emphasized, on account of its neglect, its inefficiency and
nonexistence of public policies, given that until the 90’s, the responsibility for serving this population
segment had been delegated to confessional organizations and very scarce funds to the housings
had been allocated.
One aspect to deliberate when understanding why people and families live in public spaces
is that, beyond the acquainted relation between street population and alcohol, there is a new
element: the seriousness of the presence of crack, which jeopardizes physical and mental health in
a short term. People living on the streets are subject to traffic network and can become users or
dealers3. The street/drugs/crime association has a high destructive power and strengthens the
social images automatically related to poverty and marginality.
Consequently, complex social processes are at risk. The relation established between
reasons of economic, social and institutional orders and the rupture of family’s loving ties, which are,
in turn, endangered by internal and psychological factors, is likely to happen. It is necessary to learn
2
3. how the loving ties, which were torn apart, were explained from the psychic viewpoint – what could
make it clearer to understand the life together with what is more despoiled: living on the streets and
housings.
In Sao Paulo, until the 90’s, there were only estimations of people on the streets and
housings, varying between 3 thousand and 100 thousand people. Ever since, the (current)
Department of Social Care and Development of the City Major Office have performed six surveys,
the two last of which were in partnership with University of Sao Paulo’s Institute Foundation of
Economic Studies – FIPE. In the year 2000, a census was conducted throughout the city and, in the
year 2003, a census was performed in the center of the city, with samples taken in the rest of the
city (see table below).
Surveys regarding the homeless in the city of Sao Paulo (1991-2003)
Number of people
Year Coverage Shelters Streets Total
(month) N.º % N.º %
1991 (May) Expanded center – – 3,392 – 3,392
1994 (Aug.) City 1,749 38.5 2,800 61.5 4,549
1996 (Sept.) City 1,913 35.9 3,421 64.1 5,334
1998 (Dec.) City 3,416 52.9 3,037 47.1 6,453
2000 (Feb.) City 3,693 42.4 5,013 57.6 8,706
2003 (Oct.) City 6,186 4.,0 4,213 59.0 10,399
Sources: População de Rua - quem é, como vive e como é vista, São Paulo, Hucitec, 1992, p. 49;
Síntese da Contagem da População de Rua – September 1994 (mimeo); Research about street
population in the city of Sao Paulo − 1996 (mimeo); Counting of street population in the city of Sao
Paulo and Profile of city shelters’ – December 1998 (mimeo) and Primeiro Censo dos Moradores de
Rua da Cidade de São Paulo, Fipe, Dec. 2000 (mimeo); Estimation of the number of street
residents and the study of the results achieved with SisRua (preliminary report), Fipe, out. 2003
(mimeo). These surveys were performed with diverse parameters, methodologies and periods of
time, but with a similar concept: people using public spaces and housings to inhabit.
This data shows that such a phenomenon has been gradually increasing and that, due to its
significant dimensions, it can and must be tackled by governors, by producing public policies of
consolidation of rights aimed at this population segment.
3
4. Breakthrough experiences
I hereby present some kinds of work conceived during the 90’s and the recent years, within
the scope of public power in partnership with social care organizations and civil society. My focus is
the ongoing breakthrough experiences, even though some of them have begun in varied political
environments.
Between 1989 and 1992, there were countless political and scientific improvements in the
work with the homeless, where public powers, nongovernmental organizations and the Universities
were concerned; their agents were united as partners, concentrated on promoting the homeless’
citizenship. The fact that they considered the social work in a grouped, participatory and democratic
way has led these public and private agents to establish the Coordinating Court of Works. This level
of participation discussed the planning and evaluation of the results of the research and activities
that renew the social practice in this area, such as Grouping Houses, labor unions, shelter in winter
season, among other activities with the intention of organizing the homeless and the political
standpoint, like creating the Day of Street People’s Struggle, street demonstrations and the event of
the I National Seminar of Street People.3
Just then, the episode of the first research about street population in the city of Sao Paulo
stood out, breaking the classic pattern of vagabondage, by presenting a profile of workers in an
unemployment and underemployment status, contrary to the current view within the society that
normally considers the homeless idle, socially isolated and unable to think, ponder and be organized,
and that all of them are alcohol addicted. Among other issues, the research has induced the
reflection about the heterogeneity of street population and, consequently, the confidence of a need
for modernization, with equally diversified practices.
Friendliness services and art workshops
It is important to emphasize that, in 1991, friendliness services were created, a bunch of
socio-educational activities intended to rescue self-esteem, provide earnings and support the exit
from streets. The Grouping Houses were, at that time, a breakthrough and model initiative inspired
in the work developed by the Organization of Friendly Assistance (OAF), a pioneer organization in
the defense of the homeless’ rights founded in 1955. On the top of this work lied the adjustment of
working methodology, which broadened the professional outlook with the knowledge of the
3 Researches and works in Vieira, Bezerra & Rosa, orgs. (1992). I National Seminar of Street People was
discussed in ROSA, org. (1995).
4
5. homeless’ characteristics and profile, aiming at the street population’s rights and the concept that
the way the society is organized gives rise to a significant fragment of workers released from their
most elementary rights of citizenship. This outlook of analysis strived to destroy theories and
practices that were formerly deemed conservative and prejudiced because they would repeat
subordination and dependency over and again, mostly by taking emergency and assistance actions
in an authoritative and infantilizing way.
The works of friendliness and arts have been spread throughout the city in the last years
under divergent focuses and are an evident opportunity to return close to their life project and family
and friends (accordingly), to overcome the feeling of social uselessness and conquer autonomy.
Some examples: Street Color House, Light of Street, Boracea Art Workshop, Coorpel and Metuia
Art Workshops.
Collectives forms of work: the example of the collector’s cooperatives of recyclable materials
In the city of Sao Paulo, the first experiences of waste paper collection organizations,
cardboards and recyclable materials date back to the 80’s, when religious entities became
interested in socially including the homeless. In 1985, an association of waster paper collectors was
launched, offering them the chance to obtain a revenue by collecting and selling recyclable
materials, what, in May 1989, resulted in the first corporation of this category in Brazil, the
Collector’s Autonomous Cooperatives of Waste Papers, Scraps and Recyclable Materials
(Coopamare), and exerted a vast influence over the organization of collectors from other areas.
Initiatives like this were replicated both locally and nationally in the 90’s. Besides pursuing the
achievement of providing an income to their members and preserving the environment, these
associations pledged to participate in the definition of public policies, most of which being clearly
insufficient for this population fragment. The association work of offering earnings, which represents
a tool for consciousness and organization of unemployed workers and a new panorama of
economic and social development, has taken countrywide dimensions with the event of the I
National Congress of Collectors of Recyclable Materials held in Brasilia in the year 2001, attended
by approximately 1,300 collectors from 17 Brazilian states. After this event, the National Movement
of Collectors was structured, counting on representatives from a few Brazilian regions.
The collectors’ organization has assumed substantial proportions with the occurrence of the I
Latin American Congress of Collectors of Recyclable Materials held in Caxias do Sul in January
2003, when not only were experiences exchanged by collectors, technicians and agents from the
participant countries, but the political deliberations about creating a network of both solidarity
5
6. economy between collectors and models of social and productive organizations of Latin American
collectors were intensified.
The homeless inclusion in the Brazil's Landless Workers Movement (MST)
A significant, new and still surprising data revealed in the early 90’s was the incorporation of
street population into a grouped and organized social movement of a fight for a land, Brazil's
Landless Workers Movement. Although this movement – From Street to Land – started in Sao
Paulo in 1994, only between 1996 and 1998, the MST’s Center of Formation was created downtown
Sao Paulo, when the weekly meetings with the participants from housings and Grouping Houses,
encounters and seminars about themes and talks on the subject of returning to land and rescuing
self-esteem were intensified.
Everything indicates that the association with MST has presented the homeless with the
recovery of personal dignity, the feeling of belonging to a community, the opportunity of redoing a
life project, by conveying them to new goals, to reconstruct their life: this way, they primarily recover
their identity as workers and, consequently, the connection to work and affection, joining others in
similar conditions, inside a movement thought to have a great visibility and political power. The
chance to conquer not only one piece of land, but the internalization of dignity and self-respect, the
revival of self-esteem, as well as the feeling of belonging to a family, reestablishing loving ties, are
essential ingredients of this prospect of life reconstruction. Something brand new has happened in
the work scenery, having an invaluable likelihood of exiting the streets – with positive outcomes in
the images they have of themselves, acquiring a beneficial identity –, inside an organized social
movement, integrally articulated to build a personal project, which is also a political and grouped
project.
'People on the Street' (“A Gente na Rua) Program: contracting the homeless as a community
agent of street health
It is about a program included in the Family Health Program, in the federal extension,
accomplished in partnership with Nossa Senhora do Bom Parto Social Center and the Municipal
Department of Health. 'People on the Street', launched in 2004, was an answer to the requests
made during the event of the People's Struggle Day held on June 26, 2003, having such a theme as
'Right to Health'.
6
7. Measures taken by the communitarian agents of street health are comprised of approaching
people living on street status, send them to the Basic Units of Health and monitor their treatment, for
the major purpose of ensuring them that their right to health is accessible. Pursuant to the
Information System of Basic Attention, around 4,639 homeless have been registered by July this
year, out of which 3,173 were male and 1,466 were female. In the registration system, it was noticed
that 15.87% of them were alcohol addicted, 21% diabetics, 8.21% hypertensive, 2.13% tuberculous
and 6.8% pregnant, out of whom 5.06% were teenagers.
Initially having 11 agents, the program presently counts on 35 communitarian agents of
street health divided into three teams working on central areas of the city: Lapa, Pinheiros, Se and
Mooca; and there is a possibility of expansion into other areas of the city. Agents are selected from
people on street status (homeless) holding a professional document. Nowadays, agents pay their
own residence, many of them return to school, two of them are already at the university, and Orley
de Jesus Santos after the selection process was done, has been awarded with a scholarship to
study Medicine in Cuba.
Nongovernmental agencies for the defense of rights: Rede Rua Association and
OCAS
Another type of work that is noteworthy for its originality and value is the one performed by
two prominent nongovernmental agencies (ONGs) using communication as a means of defense,
struggle and conquest of the homeless' rights: Rede Rua Association, with their O Trecheiro paper,
and Civil Organization of Social Action (OCAS), with their magazine OCAS: saindo das ruas.4
Among the breakthroughs regarding the homeless' organization in the 90's, the presence of
Rede Rua Association, firstly named as Information Center of Excluded's Documentation, was
crucial. Founded in 1991, its target was to register the life on streets, the struggles and works
developed, by showing documentaries, videos, pictures, in addition to providing cinema sessions on
the streets, meetings, parties and talks. Since August 1991, Rede Rua Association has been editing
the monthly newspaper O Trecheiro (www.rederua.org.br), functioning as a room to rescue the
history of people living and surviving on the streets, complain about their harsh conditions of life and
the break of human rights; texts written by the homeless are also a significant contribution. It
indicates national and international facts and situations of the social reality, which interfere with
people's life, mainly those revealed as social injustice, violence, mistreatments, uneven treatment,
nonexistence of public policies. It adds visibility to the activities the ONGs and public power develop
4 Verify on:. www.rederua.org.br and www.ocas.org.br.
7
8. together with the homeless. Supported by Editora Paulus and a few subscribers, the newspaper has
a circulation of 5 thousands issues freely distributed to the homeless and popular organizations.5
In more recent circumstances and following the example of the New Yorker publication
Street News (1989) and the British The Big Issue (1991), in July 2002, in the cities of Sao Paulo and
Rio de Janeiro, OCAS: saindo das ruas was first printed. OCAS is published by the Civil
Organization of Social Action (founded in April 21, 2001), in order to rescue the self-esteem and
provide money – a project to self-manage the homeless, emphasized on seller’s participation
throughout the working process, in the organization’s activities and decisions. The originality of this
publication is the scenery, in which a qualified cultural product and a social project are combined.
This means a participation in the definition of the advertising campaign line, in sellers’ performances
as multipliers of the sales training, a solid action in the events, a presence in conferences about
themes with respect to their situation. Therefore, along with the publications, there is currently a
support program for the sellers, which offers cultural and leisure activities, develops other skills, plus
a writing workshop with a debate and an evaluation of the reports, and a definition of the magazine
guidelines. The magazine is a member of International Network of Street Paper (INPS) and relies on
a series of supports.
Eventually, in the way to study the theme of the homeless in Sao Paulo and in the way to
confront it with public policies, civil society’s initiatives and social movements, chances to tackle it
have arisen and are expected to be shared with other experiences in Europe to go forward in the
struggle for the homeless' citizenship.
5
The word ‘trecheiro’ had already been used in the early 80’s to represent people walking from a city
to another, the ones taking the ‘trecho’ (space interval from a place to another). Later, it was
enlarged to represent people moving inside a city.
8