The document discusses different types of intellectual property including patents, copyrights, trademarks, and trade secrets. It provides details on what each type is, how they are obtained and their importance. For patents, it explains they provide exclusive rights to an invention for a limited time in exchange for disclosure. Copyright protects original works of authorship. Trademarks protect recognizable signs and expressions that identify products or services. Trade secrets comprise formulas and processes with economic value that are kept confidential. The document also discusses licensing, fair use, and examples of free software.

1. social & professional issues in computing
Intellectual property
4/4/20201

2. Group Members
4/4/20202
Md. Gausul Azam 162-15-1094

3. What is Intellectual Property?
 Intellectual property (IP) refers to creations of the
mind, such as inventions; literary and artistic works;
designs; and symbols, names and images used in
commerce.
 IP is protected in law by,
for example, patents, copyright and trademarks, which
enable people to earn recognition or financial benefit
from what they invent or create.
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4. Types of intellectual
property
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 Patents
 Copyrights
 Trademarks
 Trade Secrets

5. Patent
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A patent is a form of intellectual property that gives its
owner the legal right to exclude others from making,
using, selling and importing an invention for a limited
period of years, in exchange for publishing an enabling
public disclosure of the invention. For example, many
inventions are improvements of prior inventions that
may still be covered by someone else's patent.
Exclusive rights to an invention
Granted by government
Fixed period of time
In exchange for disclosure

6. How patent is important in our
industrial practice?
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Patent provide incentives to the individuals .
In particular , the inventors deserve
recognition for their creativity and material
reward for their marketable inventions.
The incentives encourage innovation, which
ensures that the quality of human life is
enhanced.
Protection stimulates research, which results
in technological development.

7. How patent is important in our industrial
practice?
4/4/20207
It enables the inventors to recoup their
investment for the money and time spent
developing the ideas in Research and
Development.
The use of patent documents enables future
researchers not to reinvent the wheel.

8. Copyright
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.
 Copyright is a legal means of protecting an
author's work.
 Created by federal law
 Original work of authorship
 Must be nonfunctional expression
 Specially created by IC with a writing stating it
is work for hire, and work is one of nine
enumerated types of works

9. copyrighted work
4/4/20209
• Literary works
– books, pamphlets, poems
– other works consisting of text
– computer programs (!)
• Dramatic works – films, videos, plays, screenplays, scripts
• Music works – Compositions (words & music, or music only)
• Artistic works – Paintings, drawings, maps, photographs,
sculptures, architectural works

10. why copyright
 Reproduce the work
 Prepare derivative works
 Distribute copies
 Perform the work
 Display the work publicly
 Transmit sound recording digitally
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11. Trademarks and Trade Secrets
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 A trademark (also written trade mark or trade-mark)
is a type of intellectual property consisting of a
recognizable sign, design, or expression which
identifies products or services of a particular source
from those of others, although trademarks used to
identify services are usually called service marks.
 Trade secrets are a type of intellectual property that
comprise formulas, practices, processes, designs, ins
truments, patterns, or compilations of information that
have inherent economic value because they are not
generally known or readily ascertainable by others,
and which the owner takes reasonable measures to
keep secret.

12. Why registration of trademark is
important?
4/4/202012
Exclusive legal right on our business name
Protects our business name and gives
Remedy in the Court in case of any
infringement.
A sound name in the market in the eye of a
general public
Creates a face value among competitors
Gives a legal recognition to our business
Monopoly business name or brand name

13. Fair Use
4/4/202013
• In its most general sense, a fair use is any copying of copyrighted
material done for a limited and “transformative” purpose, such as to
comment upon, criticize, or parody a copyrighted work. Such uses can
be done without permission from the copyright owner. In other words,
fair use is a defense against a claim of copyright infringement. If our use
qualifies as a fair use, then it would not be considered an infringement.
Example:
A biographer of Richard Wright quoted from six unpublished letters
and ten unpublished journal entries by Wright. Important factors: No more
than 1% of Wright’s unpublished letters were copied and the purpose was
informational.

14. Factors of fair use
4/4/202014
the purpose and character of the use
including whether such use is of a commercial nature
or is for nonprofit educational purposes
the nature of the copyrighted work
the amount and substantiality of the portion used in
relation to the copyrighted work as a whole
is it long or short in length, that is, are you copying the
entire work, as we might with an image, or just part as we
might with a long novel
the effect of the use upon the potential market for or value
of the copyrighted work.

15. License
4/4/202015
• A license is an official permission or permit to do, use, or own
something. A license can be granted by a party to another party
as an element of an agreement between those parties.
• A shorthand definition of a license is "an authorization to use
licensed material."
• A license is usually written but it does not have to be. Most kinds
of licenses can only be used by the person they were given to.
Licenses may be temporary or permanent. Some licenses can not
be taken away once they are given. A person with a license is
called a licensee.

16. Free Software
4/4/202016
• The freedom to deploy the software for any use
case without any restrictions. For example, saying
that the license of a program expires after 30 days
makes it non-free.
• The freedom to study how the software works and
modify it according to your needs and
preferences.
• The freedom to freely re-distribute the software to
assist someone in need. The redistribution can be
done at a cost or at no cost.
• The freedom to enhance the performance of the
software and release your enhancements for the
community to benefit—both programmers and
non-programmers. You can do this at a cost or at
no cost.

17. Example of Free Software
4/4/202017
 Linus
 GNOME
 Apache webserver tools
 GNU project
 Emacs
“free” compilers and utilities

18. 4/4/202018
Thank
You