Social media & it's effects on our brains
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Social media use is impacting our brains and behaviors in both positive and negative ways. Studies have shown that increased social media use can lead to higher anxiety, stress, decreased concentration and memory, and lower self-worth. However, it also allows people to stay connected with others and spread information. While social media may encourage more scanning of information rather than deep reading, using it mindfully and setting limits can help achieve a balanced approach.
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10Consciousness© 2019 Cengage. All rights reserved.
10
Consciousness
© 2019 Cengage. All rights reserved.
1
module 10.1
Conscious and Unconscious Processes
After studying this module, you should be able to:
Explain why early psychologists abandoned the study of consciousness and why new developments now make such a study possible.
List methods of presenting a stimulus while preventing conscious perception of it.
Describe how a consciously perceived stimulus activates brain areas differently from the same stimulus when not consciously perceived.
Cite evidence that the brain processes some information unconsciously.
Discuss cases in which people in a vegetative state showed evidence of consciousness.
Describe and evaluate evidence that brain activity responsible for a movement begins before the conscious decision to make that movement.
© 2019 Cengage. All rights reserved.
2
Measuring Consciousness
Psychologists long ago abandoned the study of consciousness, but today research is possible because of:
An operational definition
“If a cooperative person reports being conscious (aware) of one stimulus and not of another, then he or she was conscious of the first and not the second.”
Limited research questions
Methods of measuring brain activity
Ways of controlling consciousness of a stimulus
Masking – a procedure of preceding or following a stimulus with an interfering pattern that might prevent consciousness of the stimulus
Flash suppression – a procedure of blocking consciousness of a stationary visual stimulus by surrounding it with rapidly flashing items
Binocular rivalry – alteration between seeing the pattern in the left retina and the pattern in the right retina
© 2019 Cengage. All rights reserved.
Psychology began in the late 1800s as the scientific study of the conscious mind. However, researchers soon abandoned the effort. The behaviorists argued convincingly that consciousness is an internal, private experience that researchers cannot observe or measure. At the time they were certainly right, as they had no method to measure brain activity or anything else that might correlate with a private experience. Therefore, psychologists redefined their field as the study of behavior.
Although the behaviorists were right at their time that research on consciousness was impossible, times have changed. Four advances have facilitated meaningful research:
An operational definition of consciousness
Limited, answerable questions
Modern methods to measure brain activity
Ways of controlling consciousness of a stimulus
A dictionary might define consciousness as the subjective experience of perceiving oneself and one’s surroundings. However, that definition relies on the phrase “subjective experience,” which is no better defined than consciousness itself. Researchers use this operational definition: If a cooperative person reports being conscious (aware) of one stimulus and not of another, then he or she was conscious of the first and not the second.
For the time being, we postpone the questions ...
10Consciousness© 2019 Cengage. All rights reserved.
10
Consciousness
© 2019 Cengage. All rights reserved.
1
module 10.1
Conscious and Unconscious Processes
After studying this module, you should be able to:
Explain why early psychologists abandoned the study of consciousness and why new developments now make such a study possible.
List methods of presenting a stimulus while preventing conscious perception of it.
Describe how a consciously perceived stimulus activates brain areas differently from the same stimulus when not consciously perceived.
Cite evidence that the brain processes some information unconsciously.
Discuss cases in which people in a vegetative state showed evidence of consciousness.
Describe and evaluate evidence that brain activity responsible for a movement begins before the conscious decision to make that movement.
© 2019 Cengage. All rights reserved.
2
Measuring Consciousness
Psychologists long ago abandoned the study of consciousness, but today research is possible because of:
An operational definition
“If a cooperative person reports being conscious (aware) of one stimulus and not of another, then he or she was conscious of the first and not the second.”
Limited research questions
Methods of measuring brain activity
Ways of controlling consciousness of a stimulus
Masking – a procedure of preceding or following a stimulus with an interfering pattern that might prevent consciousness of the stimulus
Flash suppression – a procedure of blocking consciousness of a stationary visual stimulus by surrounding it with rapidly flashing items
Binocular rivalry – alteration between seeing the pattern in the left retina and the pattern in the right retina
© 2019 Cengage. All rights reserved.
Psychology began in the late 1800s as the scientific study of the conscious mind. However, researchers soon abandoned the effort. The behaviorists argued convincingly that consciousness is an internal, private experience that researchers cannot observe or measure. At the time they were certainly right, as they had no method to measure brain activity or anything else that might correlate with a private experience. Therefore, psychologists redefined their field as the study of behavior.
Although the behaviorists were right at their time that research on consciousness was impossible, times have changed. Four advances have facilitated meaningful research:
An operational definition of consciousness
Limited, answerable questions
Modern methods to measure brain activity
Ways of controlling consciousness of a stimulus
A dictionary might define consciousness as the subjective experience of perceiving oneself and one’s surroundings. However, that definition relies on the phrase “subjective experience,” which is no better defined than consciousness itself. Researchers use this operational definition: If a cooperative person reports being conscious (aware) of one stimulus and not of another, then he or she was conscious of the first and not the second.
For the time being, we postpone the questions ...
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2) Regular meditation practice of even just 10 minutes per day can help decrease one's vulnerability to stress and promote positive emotions. This allows individuals to approach challenges with greater strength and clarity.
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module 10.1
Conscious and Unconscious Processes
After studying this module, you should be able to:
Explain why early psychologists abandoned the study of consciousness and why new developments now make such a study possible.
List methods of presenting a stimulus while preventing conscious perception of it.
Describe how a consciously perceived stimulus activates brain areas differently from the same stimulus when not consciously perceived.
Cite evidence that the brain processes some information unconsciously.
Discuss cases in which people in a vegetative state showed evidence of consciousness.
Describe and evaluate evidence that brain activity responsible for a movement begins before the conscious decision to make that movement.
© 2019 Cengage. All rights reserved.
2
Measuring Consciousness
Psychologists long ago abandoned the study of consciousness, but today research is possible because of:
An operational definition
“If a cooperative person reports being conscious (aware) of one stimulus and not of another, then he or she was conscious of the first and not the second.”
Limited research questions
Methods of measuring brain activity
Ways of controlling consciousness of a stimulus
Masking – a procedure of preceding or following a stimulus with an interfering pattern that might prevent consciousness of the stimulus
Flash suppression – a procedure of blocking consciousness of a stationary visual stimulus by surrounding it with rapidly flashing items
Binocular rivalry – alteration between seeing the pattern in the left retina and the pattern in the right retina
© 2019 Cengage. All rights reserved.
Psychology began in the late 1800s as the scientific study of the conscious mind. However, researchers soon abandoned the effort. The behaviorists argued convincingly that consciousness is an internal, private experience that researchers cannot observe or measure. At the time they were certainly right, as they had no method to measure brain activity or anything else that might correlate with a private experience. Therefore, psychologists redefined their field as the study of behavior.
Although the behaviorists were right at their time that research on consciousness was impossible, times have changed. Four advances have facilitated meaningful research:
An operational definition of consciousness
Limited, answerable questions
Modern methods to measure brain activity
Ways of controlling consciousness of a stimulus
A dictionary might define consciousness as the subjective experience of perceiving oneself and one’s surroundings. However, that definition relies on the phrase “subjective experience,” which is no better defined than consciousness itself. Researchers use this operational definition: If a cooperative person reports being conscious (aware) of one stimulus and not of another, then he or she was conscious of the first and not the second.
For the time being, we postpone the questions ...
10Consciousness© 2019 Cengage. All rights reserved.
10
Consciousness
© 2019 Cengage. All rights reserved.
1
module 10.1
Conscious and Unconscious Processes
After studying this module, you should be able to:
Explain why early psychologists abandoned the study of consciousness and why new developments now make such a study possible.
List methods of presenting a stimulus while preventing conscious perception of it.
Describe how a consciously perceived stimulus activates brain areas differently from the same stimulus when not consciously perceived.
Cite evidence that the brain processes some information unconsciously.
Discuss cases in which people in a vegetative state showed evidence of consciousness.
Describe and evaluate evidence that brain activity responsible for a movement begins before the conscious decision to make that movement.
© 2019 Cengage. All rights reserved.
2
Measuring Consciousness
Psychologists long ago abandoned the study of consciousness, but today research is possible because of:
An operational definition
“If a cooperative person reports being conscious (aware) of one stimulus and not of another, then he or she was conscious of the first and not the second.”
Limited research questions
Methods of measuring brain activity
Ways of controlling consciousness of a stimulus
Masking – a procedure of preceding or following a stimulus with an interfering pattern that might prevent consciousness of the stimulus
Flash suppression – a procedure of blocking consciousness of a stationary visual stimulus by surrounding it with rapidly flashing items
Binocular rivalry – alteration between seeing the pattern in the left retina and the pattern in the right retina
© 2019 Cengage. All rights reserved.
Psychology began in the late 1800s as the scientific study of the conscious mind. However, researchers soon abandoned the effort. The behaviorists argued convincingly that consciousness is an internal, private experience that researchers cannot observe or measure. At the time they were certainly right, as they had no method to measure brain activity or anything else that might correlate with a private experience. Therefore, psychologists redefined their field as the study of behavior.
Although the behaviorists were right at their time that research on consciousness was impossible, times have changed. Four advances have facilitated meaningful research:
An operational definition of consciousness
Limited, answerable questions
Modern methods to measure brain activity
Ways of controlling consciousness of a stimulus
A dictionary might define consciousness as the subjective experience of perceiving oneself and one’s surroundings. However, that definition relies on the phrase “subjective experience,” which is no better defined than consciousness itself. Researchers use this operational definition: If a cooperative person reports being conscious (aware) of one stimulus and not of another, then he or she was conscious of the first and not the second.
For the time being, we postpone the questions ...
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Social media & it's effects on our brains
- 1. SOCIAL MEDIA & IT'S EFFECT ON OUR BRAINS HEALTH IMPACT "We have become seduced by distraction" - Psychologist Daniel Goleman Althoughwearejustbeginningtounderstand theimpactbeingconnected24/7hasonour bodiesandbrains,studieshaveshownseveral trends. Increasedanxietyandstress, decreased concentrationandmemory,and lowerselfwortharethemostfrequently observed. READING We could be retraining our brains to process information differently. We are more likely to skim over documents looking for key words, absorbing less meaning from what we read. The frequent time spent scrolling up and down online is impacting the linear way in which traditional reading is performed. ALL ABOUT BALANCE Experts suggest practicing mindfulness and really engaging our brains to determine how we want to spend or time. Ironically, you can also find an app to help ypu "disengage" such as: Buddhify, inner balance and Spire. INTELLECTUAL IMPACT Reasearch performed at King's College Institute of Psychiatry reported a temporary 10 point drop in IQ of those who reported constant use of social media. IDecreased productivity at work is costing the ecomony billions of dollars and studies show that it takes an average person 25 minutes to refocus after online distractions. POSITIVE BENEFITS Not all effects are detrimental. Social media allows people to stay in touch with friends all over the world and keeps people informed. It can ignite desire for change and demand social justice. It can also impact emotions globally, and for the better. A recent study showed that for every positive post, there was an increase of 1.75 positive posts in that social circle.
- 2. CITATIONS Do You Suffer From Social Media Anxiety Disorder?. (2017). The Huffington Post. Retrieved 11 May 2017, from http://www.huffingtonpost.com/julie- spira/social-media-anxiety_b_2451439.html →. (2017). The Anxiety of Facebook | Psych Central. Psych Central. Retrieved 11 May 2017, from https://psychcentral.com/lib/the- anxiety-of-facebook/ Matrix, S (2017) Module 1, Digital Literacies FILM 260, Queens University Rosenwald, M. S. (2014, April 6). Serious reading takes a hit from online scanning and skimming, researchers say. Washington Post. Retrieved from http://go.galegroup.com/ps/i.do? Anderssen, E. (2014, Mar 29). CRUSHED. The Globe and Mail Retrieved from https://search.proquest.com/docview /1511086003?accountid=6180