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The intention of this project is to gain a working understanding of the nature of a ferry terminal and the intrinsic details of how its infrastructural network could shape the development of Ijede community, Lagos, Nigeria. It is hoped that this design would lead to fitting architectural interventions, that creates an ambience which eases peoples phobia for water transport and also providing an efficient means of transport
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Mohali (Punjabi: ਮੋਹਾਲੀ, mōhālī) is a city adjacent to Chandigarh, 18th District in Punjab, India. It is officially named after the eldest son of Guru Gobind Singh, Sahibzada Ajit Singh (SAS Nagar, or "House of Sahibzada Ajit Singh"). It, along with Chandigarh and Panchkula, form a part of the Chandigarh Tricity
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Artificial intelligence (AI) is everywhere, promising self-driving cars, medical breakthroughs, and new ways of working. But how do you separate hype from reality? How can your company apply AI to solve real business problems?
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Whiteways Company Profile with details of all the products and servicesaaleraza4
Whiteways Systems Pte Ltd is a supplier, integrator and expert in the field of Broadcasting (TV and Radio). Whiteways can commission large, complex projects on a turnkey basis. Studios, Production control room, CAR Room, MCR, Transmission Systems, lighting, acoustics and more. Whiteways has expertise in professional video, professional audio, satellite communications, Transmission systems, lighting, acoustics, networking, cabling and Archiving.
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Content distribution to professional users can be easily combined with DTH. As video content is abundant in the video headend, it’s the right place for distributing content rights to, for example, cinema venues via file transfer. This Solution Overview details
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The International Broadcasting Convention, commonly known as IBC, is an annual trade show for broadcasters, content creators/providers, equipment manufacturers and other participants in the Broadcasting industry. IBC is Europe’s largest professional broadcast show and is held every year in September in Amsterdam, Netherlands.
Smart TV Buyer Insights Survey 2024 by 91mobiles.pdf91mobiles
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Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 4. In this session, we will cover Test Manager overview along with SAP heatmap.
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1. Insights into SAP testing best practices
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4. Demo
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Orchestrator execution result
Defect reporting
SAP heatmap example with demo
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Elevating Tactical DDD Patterns Through Object CalisthenicsDorra BARTAGUIZ
After immersing yourself in the blue book and its red counterpart, attending DDD-focused conferences, and applying tactical patterns, you're left with a crucial question: How do I ensure my design is effective? Tactical patterns within Domain-Driven Design (DDD) serve as guiding principles for creating clear and manageable domain models. However, achieving success with these patterns requires additional guidance. Interestingly, we've observed that a set of constraints initially designed for training purposes remarkably aligns with effective pattern implementation, offering a more ‘mechanical’ approach. Let's explore together how Object Calisthenics can elevate the design of your tactical DDD patterns, offering concrete help for those venturing into DDD for the first time!
Connector Corner: Automate dynamic content and events by pushing a buttonDianaGray10
Here is something new! In our next Connector Corner webinar, we will demonstrate how you can use a single workflow to:
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Send an interactive Slack channel message (using buttons)
Have the message received by managers and peers along with a test email for review
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Neuro-symbolic is not enough, we need neuro-*semantic*Frank van Harmelen
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Sectoral targets and attacks as well as the cost of ransom
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Watch this recorded webinar about real-time monitoring of application performance. See how to integrate Apache JMeter, the open-source leader in performance testing, with InfluxDB, the open-source time-series database, and Grafana, the open-source analytics and visualization application.
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Session Overview
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Have you ever wanted a Ruby client API to communicate with your web service? Smithy is a protocol-agnostic language for defining services and SDKs. Smithy Ruby is an implementation of Smithy that generates a Ruby SDK using a Smithy model. In this talk, we will explore Smithy and Smithy Ruby to learn how to generate custom feature-rich SDKs that can communicate with any web service, such as a Rails JSON API.
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Do you want to learn how to model and simulate an electrical network from scratch in under an hour?
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2. The companyThe company 32
www.blusensnetworks.com
Blusens started its commercial activity
in 2002 with a firm and determined
step in a field traditionally controlled
by multinational brands. The targets at
that moment were ambitious but they
were perfectly reflected in the 2002-2005
Strategy Plan. The Plan was thoroughly
designed for us to be different and
innovative, to grow at an unforeseen pace
and provide the consumer electronics
sector, so in need of a change, with new
blood. We have created a quality brand
from scratch, from the Spanish region of
Galicia and for everybody, a quality brand
guided by its excellence on every single
operative aspect with the objective of
being the best at what we do.
Blusens has far exceeded these Plan objectives by becoming the MP3 sales leading
manufacturer within the Spanish market in a time span of only four years, achieving up
to 300% annual exponential growths and showing no hints of decrease.
Blusens, with its range of products, can be found in more than 6,000 points of sale
comprehended in the largest distribution chains in the country and it is now starting an
unprecedented internationalization stage.
Our distinguishing features -constant innovation, good value for money, guaranteed
profitability, creative marketing and after-sales service- have been exceptionally
received by our customers. Blusens compromise to continuously improve the product
quality and the customer service is mirrored in the creation of our own Support Centre
located in Santiago de Compostela, Spain, with a Call Centre where all the customers’
calls are directly received and dealt with in order to provide a better and faster response
to Blusens product users.
INNOVATION: R&D
Constant innovation is one of the pillars of Blusens’ success. That is the reason why we have increased the investments in Research,
Development and Innovation up to exceed 10% of the estimated annual turnover. These investments have culminated in the creation
of our own research team made up by over 35 people. Such a commitment with innovation has fostered the creation of groundbreaking
new products such us the G01, the first European GPS navigator that uses pictometry, the web:tv, a powerful internetTV server and
home entertainment controller, the integration of IPTV protocols over power line...
These advanced products provide a powerful statement that says that technological breakthroughs can be born, developed
and implemented in Spain. Innovation is the aspect that more clearly defines our Marketing strategy. Blusens has always been
characterized by a creative and aggressive Marketing, with actions often associated with large conglomerates. Blusens innovative
and creative strategies have made a deep impression in the field, revealing the firm as a company always on the look-out for different
mediums and strategies with the aim of providing freshness to our Marketing.
In line with our young, vibrant and restless image, we are sponsors of Miss Spain
Pageant, which has associated our brand with the world of Fashion, we also sponsor
the Blusens MotoGP Team, a promising endeavour that supports young and bright
new pilots who are already making a dent in their championships, and the Spanish
Professional Blusens Basketball Team.
Further to these efforts, we have thrown ourselves into the virtual world of social
networking with our BlusensTV one2one community, Blusens Music Digital music label
and many other initiatives that keep us in the forefront of technology, communication
and marketing while closing the gap between the user and the brand.
Our next step was the implementation of our young and forward looking mindset on
the export markets. Starting in Dubai (2007), we have embarked in a very aggressive
globalization campaign under the same motto that made Blusens successful in Spain.
That is being young, fresh, reliable,
innovative and, most of all, closing the gap
between the brand and the user. Today we
are present in China (2007), Middle East
(2007), Mexico (2008), Uruguay (2008) and
Brazil (2012).
We continue to strive and develop
ever more technological products by
launching our new communications line
in which we have taken a new step in
the horizontal integration by developing
HDTV distribution systems via IP and
coaxial cable.
Having a fare presence in the GCC area
our systems are installed in a wide
variety of projects and developments.
From Luxurious hotels like the Vision
Hotel in Abu Dhabi, Diva Hotel in Bahrain,
Lamborghini Hotel in Syria, Ramada
Hotel in Bahrain, Millenium Hotel in
Kuwait, Bayan Palace in Kuwait and the
New Terminal of Jeddah Airport in Saudi
Arabia to universities like Princess Noura
in Saudi Arabia and mega projects like the
Reemram project in Dubailand, Dubai.
Our commitment to QC and continuous
R&D, along with a focused customer
service philosophy guarantee the
performance and reliability of our
systems. Capable now, as we are, of
designing and implementing HDTV
systems that range from the small single
apartment to the most luxurious hotel
complex or cable TV operator...
We will stretch ever more to become
the reference in innovation, technology,
marketing and customer service.
We can afford to be unique, different.
To be Blusens.
catalogo_profesional_blusens_SMATV_2014.indd 2-3 04/03/14 12:09
3. Table of conTenTs 5
www.blusensnetworks.com
Aerials 7
· Terrestrial antennas 8
· Satellite Dishes 9
· Satellite Accesories 10
· LNB’s 10
RF Distribution 13
· Compact Head-end 14
· Single Channel Amplification 17
Trunk Amplifiers 21
· Amplifiers 22
IF Distribution 25
· 4 Polarity Multiswitches 26
· 8 Polarity Multiswitches 26
· 12 Polarity Multiswitches 28
· 16 Polarity Multiswitches 29
· IF Amplifiers 30
· Power Supply 31
Cables 33
· Coaxial Cables 34
· DATA Cables 35
Distribution Accessories 37
· Splitters 38
· Taps 39
· Sockets 39
Domestic Line 41
· Domestic Line 42
· GPLC 43
Technical Specifications 45
· International RF Standards 47
· MPEG-2 Profiles and Levels 48
· Glossary of Measurements 48
· Network Technologies 49
· H.264 Profiles and Levels 50
· Wiring 52
· Cable Recommendations 53
catalogo_profesional_blusens_SMATV_2014.indd 4-5 04/03/14 12:09
5. aerialsaerials 98
www.blusensnetworks.com
TerresTrial anTennas
Blusens antennas are made of Aluminum and rust-proof plastic to withstand
the harshest weather conditions, wide temperature changes, strong winds
and UV radiation. Its poles and mounts are galvanized steel in order to
provide resilient and reliable performance over the years.
• BIII and UHF Antennas.
• Analogue and DTT Compatible.
• High front/back relation to avoid interference.
• Balanced gain throughout the band.
BAN6002B BAN6021B
Model MAX50 AC90
Band UHF UHF
Channels 21-69 21-69
Elements 34 -
Max Gain (dB) 17,5 18,5
Beam Width 32/38 29/34
Front/Back Ratio 29 32
Polar Adjustment H-V H-V
Incline Adjustment Yes -
Wind Load 150 Km/h 13,4 kp 15 kp
Length (m) 0,99 1,94
BAN.6002B MAX50 c21-69 17,5dB Antenna. F Connector
BAN.6021B AC90 c21-69 18,5dB Antenna. F Connector
Hardware Specifications may change without prior notice.
BAN.6005 FM Circular Antenna
• Enhanced high-band performance for
Digital Terrestrial TV.
• All antennas feature F-Connector.H-V
polarization mount.
• Specific for small space installations.
BAN.6007 UHF Panel Antenna, c21-69 14dB
BAN6007
Type Panel
Band UHF
Channels 21-69
Max Gain (dB) 14
Beam Width 45/26
Front/Back Ratio 28
Polar Adjustment H
Wind Load 150 Km/h 10Kp
Length (m) 0,8
BAN6005 BAN6004B
Elements 1 7
Band FM BIII
Max Gain (dB) 1 9
Polar Adjustment H -
Wind Load (m2) 0,031 48 N
Length (m) 0,57 1,4
In places of low reception, the installer may
upgrade the Dipole to a low noise amplifier with
high gain. By this upgrade, the installer can
also compensate for simultaneous high and low
signal on different channels.
Offset antennas for Satellite Signal reception ranging
from 65cm to 130cm diameter for applications from the
DTH to an SMATV installation. The dish is made of steel
and painted with a polyester paint to ensure durability of
the item and, thus, the reliability of the installation.
The range of Low-Noise LNB´s provide very low BER and
are designed to perform in temperatures up to 60ºC.
saTelliTe Dishes
Hardware Specifications may change without prior notice.
BAN7003 BAN7006
Mount Metalic Metalic
Diameter 100cm 130cm
Type Offset Offset
Eficiency 65-75% 65-75%
Gain (11,2GHz) 39,5dB 41,1dB
Gain (12,2GHz) 40,3dB 41,8dB
Beam Width <1,8 <1,5
Cross Polarization <-27dB <-27dB
Focal ratio 0.64 0.64
LNB Diameter 40 40
Pole briddle 32-60mm 32-80mm
Weigth 9,9Kg 15Kg
Wind Resistance 150Km/h 150Km/h
Wind Load 130Km/h 78Kg 145Kg
H-V Tension 100-57Kp 145-82Kp
Momentum 97Kp-m 140Kp-m
• High performance on Ku band.
• Wide variety of mounting options to suit every location.
• Low-Noise LNB´s to ensure low BER at the Head-End or
Multiswitch level.
• Wide range of Universal LNB´s with up to 8 outputs.
• Galvanized steel support.
• High wind resistance.
BAN.7006 Satellite Dish 130 cm
BAN.7003 Satellite Dish 100 cm
Our range of Dishes and LNB´s can feature a variety of mounting options to suit
every location and a wide array of satellite configurations.
Please do not hesitate to request for our options on multi-satellite LNB mounts
and our different wall mounting options for satellite dishes of different sizes.
catalogo_profesional_blusens_SMATV_2014.indd 8-9 04/03/14 12:09
6. aerialsaerials 1110
www.blusensnetworks.com
saTelliTe accesories
BAC.7026 Satellite Dish Floor Support 120 cm for 105-130 cm dishes
BAC.7029 Satellite Dish Floor Support 60cm for 65-105 cm dishes
lnB’s
LN.22 LNB Dual
The range of Low-Noise LNB´s provide very low
BER and are designed to perform in temperatures
up to 60ºC.
Low-Noise LNB´s to ensure low BER at the Head-
End or Multiswitch distribution.
Wide range of Universal LNB´s with up to 8 outputs.
LN.11 LNB Universal SINGLE Offset Antennas (F=0,2dB)
LN.11 LN.22 LN.44 LN.8 LN.41
Type Universal Universal Univ-4 Univ-8 Quatro
Users 1 2 4 8 SMATV
Antenna type Offset Offset Offset Offset Offset
Oscillator 9.75/10.6 9.75/10.6 9.75/10.6 9.75/10.6 9.75/10.6
Noise 0.3 dB 0.3 dB 0.3 dB 0.3 dB 0.3 dB
Gain 50dB 50dB 50dB 50dB 50dB
V-H Isolation 22dB 22dB 22dB 22dB 22dB
Tone 0/22KHz 0/22KHz 0/22KHz 0/22KHz 2 output
Switching voltage 13/18V 13/18V 13/18V 13/18V 2 output
Est. oscillation (-40+60ºC) <3MHz <3MHz <3MHz <3MHz <3MHz
Output level +5dBm +5dBm +5dBm +5dBm +5dBm
Consumption 70mA 200mA 240mA 240mA 240mA
Mount Diameter 40mm 40mm 40mm 40mm 40mm
LN.44 LNB Universal QUAD
LN.8 LNB OCTO (8 users) offset (F=0,5dB)
LN.41 LNB QUATRO Offset Antennas (F=0,3dB)
catalogo_profesional_blusens_SMATV_2014.indd 10-11 04/03/14 12:09
8. rf DisTribuTionrf DisTribuTion 1514
www.blusensnetworks.com
compacT heaD-enD
• Head-end modular system to process Satellite, Digital Terrestrial
TV and A/V signals.
• Up to 6 DVB-S or DVB-T signals per cabinet with integrated
amplifier and remote management capabilities.
• Compatible with available systems for addition or retrofit.
• Varied programming options via RS-232 and RCU.
• Easy and fast to install with only four screws per module.
• PLL modulators for A/V signal on full RF band.
• Useful for remodulation of adjacent channels.
• Easy output channel selector.
• 82dB output both in stereo and mono and with VSB.
The compact head-end blu:core is a complete
digital reception system fully configurable by the
user.
Programmable via:
RCU via IR
RS-232 programmer
Possibility to use Single Channel Amplifiers, wide-
band amplifiers or integrated full-band amplifier.
Multiple CI decoding option. A single CAM can
avail decoding for up to 6 modules (if CAM allows).
Hardware Specifications may change without prior notice.
BMS.2660T Stereo Twin modulator
BMS.8720 BMS.8722
Transmodulation OFDM - PAL/SECAM OFDM - PAL/SECAM
Input frequency 170-862 MHz 170-862 MHz
Input Level 35/85 dBuV 35/85 dBuV
Decoder MPEG2 MPEG2
Decoding Options FTA/Encrypted (C.I. Module) FTA/Encrypted (C.I. Module)
Max. Decrypt/Modules 4/6 modules (depend. on C.A.) 4/6 modules (depend. on C.A.)
BW 6/7/8 MHz 6/7/8 MHz
AV Output RCA (V) -Jack (L/R) RCA (V) -Jack (L/R)
Output modulator VSB-Stereo DSB Mono
Output frequency 120 -862 MHz 120 -862 MHz
Color standard PAL - SECAM PAL - SECAM
Standard B, G, I, D, K, BB, L B, G, I, D, K, BB, L
Output Level 90 dBuV (0-20dB) 90 dBuV (0-20dB)
Spurious > 60 dB’s (Vo<90dBuV) > 60 dB’s (Vo<90dBuV)
96 Digital Channels Head-End
BMS.2660T
Input Signal Video-Audio L/R
Input Level (Vid./Aud.) 1Vpp
Output Modulattion VSB
Norms PAL/SECAM
Standards BG DK L I BB
BG Channels ES/12 E21/69 S3/41
Subportal audio 4,5 5,5 6,5 MHz
Modulación audio Stereo Dual/Mono
Output Level 82 dBuV
Regulation 0/-15 dB
Output Loop
Power Supply from BAL-1589
Dimension (mm) 75x265x150
• Ideal for Digital TV signal distribution in compounds,
buildings and hotels using existing single cable
analogue distribution systems.
• High sensitivity QPSK tuner.
• VSB or DSB modulator with very low spurious signals.
• Up to 82dB output per module.
BMS.8710 QPSK-PAL/SECAM
BMS.8710
Color standard PAL/SECAM
Input Level -25/-65 dBm
Bandwidth 36MHz
Modulation type VSB-Stereo
Loop Loss <1dB
LNB Power Supply 13V/18V 22 kHz
Programming Display/OSD
Output channels C2-C69
Regulation 15dB
Output Level 82dBuV
Connectors Female F Connector
Common Interface 1 slot
Dimensions (mm) 75 x 265 x 150
BMS.8720 OFDM Receiver+PAL/SECAM Modulator VSB-VU-Stereo+CI
BMS.8721 OFDM Receiver+PAL/SECAM Modulator VSB-VU-Mono+CI
BMS.8722 OFDM Receiver+PAL/SECAM Modulator DSB-VU-Mono+CI
catalogo_profesional_blusens_SMATV_2014.indd 14-15 04/03/14 12:09
9. rf DisTribuTionrf DisTribuTion 1716
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rf DisTribuTion 17
single channel amplificaTion
• Built in high quality and shielded Zamac and with the stringest QC protocols.
• Very High Selectivity. Ultra selective filters that provide a -18/-50dB signal
attenuation on channels +1 and +2.
• Very High Gain. Latest generation electronics provide a gain of up to 55dB with
the minimum cost and consumption. Ideal to match with all sorts of installation
and signal levels.
• High output level.
• Easy Setting. Our new BAM6000 features a Mute and Power-off option to allow
easy and fast signal balancing as well as troubleshooting.
• Full band amplification including the IF band.
BAM.6000S Single Channel Amplifier
Single Channel Selectivity
Hardware Specifications may change without prior notice.
UHF RADIO VHF
SINGLE CHANNEL MULTI 66-69 MULTI 65-69 BICHANNEL FM(ICTs) DAB(ICTs) BdS LOW Bd III BdS HIGH HIPERBAND
BAM6021-69 BAM6466 BAM6565 BAM6221-69 BAM6020 BAM6508 BAM6003-10 BAM6005-12 BAM6011-20 BAM6021-41
Wide Band (MHz) 8 32 40 16 20,5 37 7 7 7 8
Frequency range (MHz) 470-862 830-862 822-862 470-862 87,5-108 195-232 104-174 174-230 230-300 302-470
Max Gain (dB) 55 57 57 57 35 45 58 50 58 58
Output Level (dBuV) 125A/118D 108 108 111 114 114 2C/4M/50Db 125 123 124 125
Noise Factor <10,5 <10,5 <10,5 <10,5 <9 <9 <9 <9 <9 <9
Gain Regulation 32 32 32 32 35 35 35 35 35 35
Rejection bt Channels 18/50(+-1/2C) 22(pV/C65) 22(pV/C64) 14(+-1C) 30-77/120MHz 20(n+-2) 30(n+-2) 30(n+-2) 30(n+-2) 30(n+-2)
Flatness (dB) <3 <3 <3 <3 <3 <3 <1 <1 <1 <1
Consume 24Vdc(mA) 90 90 90 70 65 90 90 65 90 90
Max. Pre-amp feed
24Vdc(mA)
150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150
BAL.1589 Power Supply RF line
BAL.1589
Consumption (mA)
5V: 8500
12V: 3000
24V: 1000
30V: 100
Power supply (VAC) 95-230VAC / 50Hz
Output voltage (VDC) 5/12/24/30
Capacity
6 modules BMS.8710
6 modules BMS.2660-T
Dimensions (mm) 75x265x150
BC-1695 Head End Programmer
BC-1695
Features Protocol I2C
Display 20x4 characters
Connectors DB-9 Male, RJ45
Memory Card SD (FAT 16 format), Max. capacity: 2 GB
Software actualization Upgradeable through SD & RS-232
Feeding 12-14V
Consumption (mA) 20
BMS.8750 OFDM Receiver+PAL/SECAM Modulator VSB-VU-Stereo+CI
BMS.8751 OFDM Receiver+PAL/SECAM Modulator VSB-VU-Mono+CI
• Ideal for Digital TV signal distribution in compounds, buildings and hotels using
existing single cable analogue distribution Systems.
• High sensitivity COFDM tuner.
• VSB or DSB modulator with very low spurious signals.
• Up to 90dB output per module.
• Special models with “only modulator”
BMS.8750
Color standard PAL/SECAM
AV Input RCA (V) -Jack (L/R)
Output modulator VSB-Stereo
Output frequency 120 -862 MHz
Standard B, G, I, D, K, BB, L
Output Level 90 dBuV (0-20dB)
Spurious > 60 dB’s (Vo<90dBuV)
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10. rf DisTribuTionrf DisTribuTion 1918
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ACCESSORIES
Programmer
BC.1695 H/E Programmer
Common Interface
BC.8675 Cable Stream DC8
BRS.7100 PCMCIA Irdeto basic (1 service)
BRS.7101 PCMCIA Criptoworks basic (1 service)
BRS.7102 PCMCIA Conax basic (1 service)
BRS.7103 PCMCIA Viaccess 3.0 basic (1 service)
BRS.7110 PCMCIA Irdeto PRO (n services)
BRS.7111 PCMCIA Criptoworks PRO (n services)
BRS.7112 PCMCIA Conax PRO (n services)
BRS.7113 PCMCIA Viaccess 3.0 PRO (n services)
Connectors
BC.2689 Bridge Connector (F)
BC.2688 Input Bridge QPSK
BC.2687 Input Bridge COFDM
BMP.0561 Connector IEC
Power Supply and Accesories
BC.8602 Head-end PSU
BC.8601 19” Rack Adapter for H. E. Cabinet
Modulator Accesories
BAL.1589 Power Supply RF Line
BAL.6020 Power Supply 24 Vdc 2.1 A (50W)
BAL.1579 Power supply unit BAM5100 (15V / 1A - 230Vac)
BAL.1569 Power supply unit DigiMATV (15V / 1A - 230Vac)
BAL.1568P Power supply unit plug-in (15V / 400mA - 230Vac)
BAL.1569P Power supply unit plug-in (15V /1A - 230Vac)
BAC.1520 DIN Rail
BAC.1520B DIN Rail 250mm
BAC.1521 DIN Rail Reinforced 500mm
BAC.1522 Rack Frame
BMS.2689 Bridge Connector (F)
BMS.2699 DC/DC Bridge
BMS.2684 DC/DC Bridge (4pins-4pins)
BMS.2685 DC/DC Bridge (4pins-minibanana-plug)
BMS.2686 DC/DC Bridge (4pins-jack)
BVR.1650 RF Bridge DigiMATV (40mm)
BVR.1651 DC Bridge DigiMATV (35mm)
BAC.1523 Ground Lead
BAC.1528 Clamp Adapter
BVR.7500 F Connector. Cable CA7400R (6,60mm)
BVR.7514 F Connector Coaxial Cable (6,5 - 5,8mm)
BVR.7545 Fast F ConnectorCable CA7400R (6,60mm)
BVR.7523 F Connector Cable RG11
BVR.7520 F Connector (7mm)
BVR.7521 F Connector with Gascket (7mm)
BVR.7522 F Connector with Gascket (7mm)
BMP.0561 Antenna elbow Connector (male)
BMP.0563 Antenna elbow Connector (female)
BMP.0622 Connector Antenna 9,5mm (male)
BMP.0623 Connector Antenna 9,5mm (female)
BVR.7515 Watertight F Connector Cover
BVR.7832 Terminal load 75 Ohm, Isolated
BVR.7543 Terminal load
BVR.7511 F (female ) - F (female) Adapter
BVR.7516 F (male ) - F (male) Adapter
BVR.7540 F (female ) - F (male) Elbow Adapter
BVR.7544 F (female ) - F (male) Fast Adapter
BVR.7513 Triple Adapter (female)
BVR.7518 IEC (female ) - F (female) Adapter
BVR.7541 IEC (female ) - F (male) Adapter
BVR.7519 IEC (male ) - F (female) Adapter
BVR.7542 IEC (male ) - F (male) Adapter
BVR.7509 BCN (male ) - F (female) Adapter
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20. DisTribuTion accessoriesDisTribuTion accessories 3938
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spliTTers
SP.2 2 Way Splitter
Single direction DC pass from all outputs: max. 1A, 30V.
• All ports F-(f) connector,75Ω.
• Grounding terminal provided.
• Low insertion loss,high return loss and isolation for CATV, satellite TV & MMDS.
• Two pieces of screws attached.
• Zinc die cast housing, bright in finish and solder shield bottom plate.
• Light weight and compact size.
• Adding plastic holder for the cable to pass through underneath the unit.
• Screening factor: Class A.
SP.2 SP.3 SP.4 SP.6 SP.8
Frequency (MHz) 5-2400 5-2400 5-2400 5-2400 5-2400
Outputs number 2 3 4 6 8
Insertion Loss 47 >4,5 >6,0 >8,5 >10,5 >13,2
Insertion Loss 900 >5,1 >7,1 >9,5 >11,5 >13,2
Insertion Loss 2150 >6,0 >8,5 >11,0 >13,0 >15,0
Desacop RF/IF >16 >16 >16 >16 >16
Dimensions 54x61x27 73x61x27 120x74x27
SP.4 4 Way Splitter
Single direction DC pass from all outputs: max. 1A, 30V.
Hardware Specifications may change without prior notice.
TP.110 TP.115 TP.121 TP.210 TP.215 TP.220 TP.225 TP.414 TP.422 TP.425
Bd. frec (MHz) 5-2400 5-2400 5-2400 5-2400 5-2400 5-2400 5-2400 5-2400 5-2400 5-2400
Outputs number 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 4 4 4
Tap Loss 47 >10,5 >14,5 >20,5 12+/-1.5 >15,5 >18,5 >23,5 >14,0 >19,5 >23,0
Tap Loss 900 >10,5 >14,5 >20,0 12+/-1.5 >16,5 >19,5 >24,0 >13,5 >21,5 >23,5
Tap Loss 2150 >10,0 >14,0 >20,0 12+/-2.50 >17,5 >20,0 >27,0 >16,5 >21,0 >25,0
Insertion Loss 47 >2,0 >1,5 >1,0 <2,5 >1,2 >1,2 >1,7 >2,0 >1,2 >1,2
Insertion Loss 900 >2,0 >1,7 >1,5 <3,0 >1,7 >1,5 >2,0 >3,5 >1,5 >1,7
Insertion Loss 2150 >3,0 >3,0 >3,0 <5,0 >3,0 >3,0 >3,0 >4,5 >2,6 >2,6
Desacop RF/FI >20/18 >25/18 >28/22 >23/18 >29/25 >30/26 >30/26 >22/18 >29/25 >30/26
Dimensions 74x50x17 75x56x27
SC-2 SC-3 SC-4
Bands TV-FM TV-FM-IF TV-IF
RF Loss 3.5 1.5 9
IF Loss - 2 7
FM Loss 2 2 9
Through Loss - - 4
sockeTs
SC.2 End-type double socket complete with face plate and very low
loss on every band.
SC.2 End-type double socket complete with face plate and very low
loss on every band.
SC.3 End-type triple socket complete with face plate and very low loss
on every band.
SC.4 Through-type double socket complete with face plate
• Zinc die cast housing.
• Low-Loss.
• Easy Mount.
• 75 Ω (All ports connector)
Taps
• Passive range of taps and splitters with low-loss and full band (5-2400MHz)
• High Shielding and flat response within the band.
• DC-Pass available.
• All ports F-(f) connector, 75 Ω.
• Grounding terminal provided.
• Light weight and compact size.
• Two pieces of screws attached.
• Low insertion loss, high return loss and isolation for CATV, satellite TV & MMDS.
TP.210 Satellite Tap
TP.615 TP.620 TP.625 TP.815 TP.821 TP.826
Bd. frec (MHz) 5-2400 5-2400 5-2400 5-2400 5-2400 5-2400
Outputs number 6 6 6 8 8 8
Tap Loss 47 14,5 19,5 24,5 14,6 19,6 24,6
Tap Loss 900 15,0 20,0 25,0 15,0 20,2 25,1
Tap Loss 2150 15,8 20,8 26,0 15,8 21,0 26,2
Insertion Loss 47 4,0 3,4 3,0 2,5 1,2 1,2
Insertion Loss 900 2,0 1,7 3,2 4,5 4,0 3,7
Insertion Loss 2150 6,0 4,3 4,0 6,5 4,8 4,5
Desacop RF/FI >22 >28 >30 >22 >28 >30
Dimensions 120x60x25 53x60x24 120x60x25
Hardware Specifications may change without prior notice.
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22. DomesTic lineDomesTic line 4342
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DomesTic line
W.10 W.20
Emitter
Stereo audio and composite video input Stereo audio and composite video input
Infrared (IR) output Infrared (IR) output
SMA antenna connector SMA antenna connector
Transmission channel selector Transmission channel selector
Receiver
Stereo audio and composite video output Stereo audio and composite video output
Infrared (IR) input Infrared (IR) input
SMA antenna connector SMA antenna connector
Reception channel selector Reception channel selector
Dimensions 75 x 83 x 20 mm, 111 gr 140x113x42 mm, 170 gr
Included
accessories
One AV emitter 2,4 GHz One AV emitter 5,8 GHz
One AV receiver One AV receiver
Two AC/DC power supply Two AC/DC power supply
Two audio/video cables Two audio/video cables
IR extender cable and stickers IR extender cable and stickers
User´s manual User´s manual
W.10 Emitter-Receiver. Audio/Video/Remote Control 2.4Hz.
W.05
Transmitter
System
UHF Transmitting Freq 433.92 ± 0.5 MHz
Fundamental Output Level 90 dBμV @ 3 meters
Harmonic 2nd -36 dB @ fundamental level ratio
Receiver System UHF receiving freq 433.92 ± 0.5 MHz
Remote Control
Range 8 meters min
Angle ± 45º min
Transmitting / Receiving range 80 meters min. @ open site
Power Adapter
Input 200-240V...50/60Hz
Output 12V/150mA
Operating Temperature 0ºC...60ºC
W.05 Emitter-Receiver. Audio/Video/Remote Control Extender
Hardware Specifications may change without prior notice.
W.20 Emitter-Receiver. Audio/Video/Remote Control, 5.8 GHz
Domestic Modulator diagram
DM.10
TV Standard PAL B/G
RF Type of connector Female - F Type
Modulator Output
Frequency
UHF 470...862 MHz
Increaser CH 230...470 MHz
VHF 47... 230 MHz
RF Output Level (dBμV) 75...85
Audio Sub-carrier (MHz) 4.5, 5.5, 6.0, 6.5
Isolation from modulator to TV (input) 25 min
Power Consumption 9V/300ma
A/V IN/OUT type of connector RCA
Video Input 1 vp-p / 75 Ω
Audio Input Recommended 600 Ω & 1 vp-p
RF Input to Output DC pass through Yes
RF Input Frequency (MHz) 47...862MHz
Dimensions (mm) 114 x 75 x 25
Weight (g) 98
AC/DC Adapter
Input 230 Vac, 50 Hz
Output 9 Vdc, 300 mA
DM.10 Domestic Modulator
• Gain Linearity.
• Low running cost permits continuous operation.
DA.100 One Way MATV Domestic Amplifier
DA.200 Two Way MATV Domestic Amplifier
DA.400 Four Way MATV Domestic Amplifier
DA.100 DA.200 DA.400
Number of Inputs 1 1 1
Number of Outputs 1 2 4
Power Supply Level (V) 230 +/- 10% 230 +/- 10% 230 +/- 10%
Power Consumption (W) 2.6 2.6 2.6
Connectors F-(f) F-(f) F-(f)
R.F Shielded Yes Yes Yes
Dimensions and Weight
180 x 93 x 46mm,
500 g
180 x 93 x 46mm,
500 g
180 x 93 x 46mm,
500 g
VHF UHF VHF UHF VHF UHF
Frequency Range (MHz) 40-318 470-862 40-318 470-862 47-318 470-862
Gain (dB) 14 24 14 24 20 28
Flatness Response (dB) +-2 +-2 +-2 +-2 +-2 +-2
Gain Adjust (dB) 16 12 16 12 16 12
Return Loss (dB) >8 >8 >8
Isolation between outputs - >10 >10
Noise Figure (dB) <4.5 <3.5 <4.5 <3.5 <4.5 <3.5
Output Level (dBμV) 101 101 99 99 99 99
GPLC IP over Power Cable
PLC Adaptor (Power Line Communication) that allows the creation of a wireless
local network through the domestic electrical network.
GPLC
Standards
IEEE 802.3/802.3u/802.3ab
HomePlug® AV certificate. Co-exist with HomePlug® 1.0
Encryption Types Supported
128 bits AES encrypted
Safe technology that assigns a random code just pushing one button
Hardware Interface Type RJ45 10/100/1000 Mbps Ethernet general electricity
Humidity
Running: 10 ~ 85%
Storage: 5 – 90% (without condensation)
Leds
Power /Security
Ethernet link
Powerline link (3 connection states)
Link Rate Up to 1000 Mbps
Max. Operating Range Up to 300 m in wall electrical wiring
Max. Supported Clients Up to 8 devices by station linked in Bridge Mode
Dimensions & Weight 95 x 71 x 71 mm. 179 g
gplc
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24. Technical specsTechnical specs 4746
www.blusensnetworks.com
Applied Standards per Country
VHF UHF NORMA
Algeria B H PAL
Argentina N N PAL
Australia B H PAL
Austria B G PAL
Bahrain B G PAL
Belgium B H PAL
Bulgaria D K SECAM
China D K PAL
Cyprus B G PAL
Croatia B G PAL
Czechoslovakia D K SECAM
Denmark B G PAL
Egypt B G, H SECAM
Finland B G PAL
France EIL L SECAM
Germany B G PAL
Gibraltar B H PAL
Great Britain I I PAL
Greece B G SECAM
Holland B G PAL
Hong Kong (A)I I PAL
Hungary D K SECAM
lceland B G PAL
India B PAL
Indonesia B PAL
Iran B G SECAM
Iraq B I SECAM
Ireland I PAL
Israel B G PAL
ltaly B G PAL
Japan M M NTSC
Jordan B G PAL
Korea (Rep.) M G NTSC
Kuwait B PAL
Lebanon B G SECAM
Libya B H PAL
Luxemburg C L PAL/SECAM
Malta B H PAL
Malaysia B G PAL
Mexico M M NTSC
Monaco E L SECAM
Morocco B H SECAM
Nigeria B G PAL
Norway B G PAL
Ornan Sultanate B G PAL
Pakistan B - PAL
Philippines M M NTSC
Poland D K SECAM
Portugal B G PAL
Qatar B - PAL
Romania D K PAL
Russia D K SECAM
Saudi Arabia B G PAL/SECAM
Singapore B G PAL
Slovenia B G PAL
Spain B G PAL
Sri Lanka B/H - PAL
South Africa I I PAL
Sweden B G PAL
Switzerland B G PAL
Syrian Arab. Rep. B B H SECAM
Thailand R PAL
Tunisia B G SECAM
Turkey B B G PAL
U.A.E. G PAL
U.S.A. M M NTSC
Yemen P.D. R. B - PAL
Yugoslavia B G PAL
Channels distribution according to CCIR
(B Standard +G Europe)
Bands Channel
Freq.
Channel
Video
Carrier
Audio
Carrier
Bd.I 2 47...54 48,25 53,75
3 54...61 55,25 60,75
4 61...68 62,25 67,75
62,25 67,75
Sub.Band L1 68...75 69,25 74,75
L2 75...82 76,25 81,75
L3 82...89 83,25 88,75
Bd.II FM 88...108
S Low
Band
S1 104...111 105,25 110,75
S2 111...118 112,25 117,75
S3 118...125 119,25 124,75
S4 125...132 126,25 131,75
S5 132...139 133,25 138,75
S6 139...146 140,25 145,75
S7 146...153 147,25 152,75
S8 153...160 154,25 159,75
S9 160...167 161,25 166,75
S10 167...174 168,25 173,75
B.III 5 174···181 175.25 180.75
6 181···188 182.25 187.75
7 188···195 189.25 194.75
8 195···202 196.25 201.75
9 202···209 203.25 208.75
10 209···216 210.25 215.75
11 216···223 217.25 222.75
12 223···230 224.25 229.75
S High
Band
S11 230···237 231.25 236.75
S12 237···244 238.25 243.75
S13 244···251 245.25 250.75
S14 251···258 252.25 257.75
S15 258···265 259.25 264.75
S16 265···272 266.25 271.75
S17 272···279 273.25 278.75
S18 279···286 280.25 285.75
S19 286···293 287.25 292.75
S20 193···300 294.25 299.75
Hyper
Band
S21 302···310 303.25 308.75
S22 310···318 311.25 316.75
S23 318···326 319.25 324.75
S24 326···324 327.25 332.75
S25 334···342 335.25 340.75
S26 342···350 343.25 348.75
S27 350···358 351.25 356.75
S28 358···366 359.25 364.75
S29 366···374 367.25 372.75
S30 374···382 375.25 380.75
S31 382···390 383.25 388.75
S32 390···398 391.25 396.75
S33 398···406 399.25 404.75
S34 406···414 407.25 412.75
S35 414···422 415.25 420.75
S36 422···430 423.25 428.25
S37 430···438 431.25 436.75
S38 438···446 439.25 444.75
IV 21 470···478 471.25 476.75
22 478···486 479.25 484.75
23 486···494 487.25 492.75
24 494···502 495.25 500.75
25 502···510 503.25 508.75
26 510···518 511.25 516.75
27 518···526 519.25 524.75
28 526···534 527.25 532.75
29 534···542 535.25 540.75
30 542···500 543.25 548.75
31 550···558 551.25 556.75
32 558···566 559.25 564.75
33 566···574 567.25 572.75
34 574···582 575.25 580.75
35 582···590 583.25 588.75
36 590···598 591.25 596.75
37 598···606 599.25 604.75
V 38 606···614 607.25 612.75
39 614···622 615.25 620.75
40 622···630 623.25 628.75
41 630···638 631.25 636.75
42 638···646 639.25 644.75
43 646···654 647.25 652.75
44 654···662 655.25 660.75
45 662···670 663.25 668.75
46 670···678 671.25 676.75
47 678···686 679.25 684.75
48 686···694 687.25 692.75
49 694···702 695.25 700.75
50 702···710 703.25 708.75
51 710···718 711.25 716.75
52 718···726 719.25 724.75
53 726···734 727.25 732.75
54 734···742 735.25 740.75
55 742···750 743.25 748.75
56 750···758 751.25 756.75
57 758···766 759.25 764.75
58 766···774 767.25 772.75
59 774···782 775.25 780.75
60 782···790 783.25 788.75
61 790···798 791.25 796.75
62 798···806 799.25 804.75
63 806···814 807.25 812.75
64 814···822 815.25 820.75
65 822···830 823.25 828.75
66 830···838 831.25 836.75
67 838···846 839.25 844.75
68 846···854 847.25 582.75
69 854···862 855.25 860.75
L Standard. FRANCE
Bands Channel Freq. Channel
Video
Carrier
Audio
Carrier
BdIII L05 174,75...182,75 176 182,5
L06 182,75...190,75 184 190,5
L07 190,75...198,75 192 198,5
L08 198,75...206,75 200 206,5
L09 206,75...214,75 208 214,5
L10 214,75...222,75 216 222,5
I Standard. UK - SOUTHAFRICA
Bands Channel Freq. Channel
Video
Carrier
Audio
Carrier
BdIII K4 174...182 175,25 181,75
K5 182...190 183,25 189,75
K6 190...198 191,25 197,75
K7 198...206 199,25 205,75
K8 206...214 207,25 213,75
K9 214...222 215,25 221,75
H Standard. AUSTRALIA
Bands Channel Freq. Channel
Video
Carrier
Audio
Carrier
BdIII H28 526...533 527,25 532,75
H29 533...540 534,25 539,75
H30 540...547 541,25 546,75
H31 547...554 548,25 553,75
H32 554...561 555,25 560,75
H33 561...568 562,25 567,75
H34 568...575 569,25 574,75
H35 575...582 576,25 581,75
H36 582...589 583,25 588,75
H37 589...596 590,25 595,75
H38 596...603 597,25 602,75
BdV H39 603...610 604,25 609,75
H40 610...617 611,25 616,75
H41 617...624 618,25 623,75
H42 624...631 625,25 630,75
H43 631...638 632,25 637,75
H44 638...645 639,25 644,75
H45 645...652 646,25 651,75
H46 652...659 653,25 658,75
H47 659...666 660,25 665,75
H48 666...673 667,25 672,75
H49 673...680 674,25 679,75
H50 680...687 681,25 686,75
H51 687...694 688,25 693,75
H52 694...701 695,25 700,75
H53 701...708 702,25 707,75
H54 708...715 709,25 714,75
H55 715...722 716,25 721,75
H56 722...729 723,25 728,75
H57 729...736 730,25 735,75
H58 736...743 737,25 742,75
H59 743...750 744,25 749,75
H60 750...757 751,25 756,75
H61 757...764 758,25 763,75
H62 764...771 765,25 770,75
H63 771...778 772,25 777,75
H64 778...785 779,25 784,75
H65 785...792 786,25 791,75
H66 792...799 793,25 798,75
H67 799...806 800,25 805,75
H68 806...813 807,25 812,75
H69 813...820 814,25 819,75
B Standard. ITALIA
Bands Channel Freq. Channel
Video
Carrier
Audio
Carrier
Bd.I A 52,5...59,5 53,75 59,25
B 61...68 62,25 67,75
Bd.II C 81...88 82,25 87,75
Bd.III D 174...181 175,25 180,75
E 182,5...189,5 183,75 189,25
F 191...198 192,25 197,75
G 200...207 201,25 206,75
H 209...216 210,25 215,75
H1 216...223 217,25 222,75
H2 223...230 224,25 229,75
D Standard. RUSIA - OIRT
Bands Channel Freq. Channel
Video
Carrier
Audio
Carrier
Bd.I R1 48,5...56,5 49,75 56,25
R2 58...66 59,25 65,75
R3 76...84 77,25 83,75
Bd.II R4 84...92 85,25 91,75
R5 92...100 93,25 99,75
Bd.III R6 174...182 175,25 181,75
R7 182...190 183,25 189,75
R8 190...198 191,25 197,75
R9 198...206 199,25 205,75
R10 206...214 207,25 213,75
R11 214...222 215,25 221,75
I Standard. IRELAND
Bands Channel Freq. Channel
Video
Carrier
Audio
Carrier
BdI A-1 44,5...52,5 45,75 51,75
B-1 52,5...60,5 53,75 59,75
C-1 60,5...68,5 61,75 67,75
D-1 174...182 175,25 181,25
E-1 182...190 183,25 189,25
F-1 190...198 191,25 197,25
G-1 198...206 199,25 205,25
H-1 206...214 207,25 213,25
I-1 214...222 215,25 221,25
Where any form of amplifier is used, it
is important to ensure that the tuner,
STB, TV, or the amplifier itself, is not
driven so hard that intermodulation
distortion is significant. An amplifier
will usually carry a power rating at
which it may operate with a sufficiently
low level of distortion to protect
analogue services. Unless otherwise
stated, this rating applies to two
analogue signals of equal level. When
more signals are present, the output
power of the amplifier must be reduced
(“de-rated”). For analogue signals it
has been found that de-rating by at
least 10log10(N-1) dB, where N is the
number of channels (this expression
V dBuV dBm
1 120 11
1.5 123.5 14.5
2 126 17
2.5 128 19
3 129.5 20.5
3.5 131 22
4 132 23
4.5 133 24
5 134 25
6 135.5 26
7 137 26.5
8 138 29
9 139 30
10 140 31
uV dBuV dBm
1 0 -109
1.5 3.5 -105.5
2 6 -103
2.5 8.0 -101
3 9.5 -99.5
3.5 11 -98
4 12 -97
4.5 13 -96
5 14 -95
6 15.5 -93.5
7 17 -92
8 18 -91
9 19 -90
10 20 -89
15 23.5 -85.5
20 26 -83
25 28 -81
30 29.5 -79.5
35 31 -78
40 32 -77
45 33 -76
50 34 -75
60 35.5 -73.5
70 37 -72
80 38 -71
90 39 -70
100 40 -69
150 43.5 -65.5
200 46 -63
250 48 -61
300 49.5 -59.5
350 51 -58
400 52 -57
450 53 -56
500 54 -55
600 55.5 -53.5
700 57 -52
800 58 -51
900 59 -50
1000 60 -49
mV dBuV dBm
1 60 -49
1.5 63.5 -45.5
2 66 -43
2.5 68 -41
3 69.5 -39.5
3.5 71 -38
4 72 -37
4.5 73 -36
5 74 -35
6 75.5 -33.5
7 77 -32
8 78 -31
9 79 -30
10 80 -29
15 83.5 -25.5
20 86 -23
25 88 -21
30 89.5 -19.5
35 91 -18
40 92 -17
45 93 -16
50 94 -15
60 95.5 -13.5
70 97 -12
80 98 -11
90 99 -10
100 100 -9
150 103.5 -5.5
200 106 -3
250 108 -1
300 109.5 0.5
350 111 2
400 112 3
450 113 4
500 114 5
600 115.5 6.5
700 117 8
800 118 9
900 119 10
1000 120 11
Conversion table.
Levels measured over 75 Ω impedance
inTernaTional rf sTanDarDs
TV Standards
Standard PAL PAL-M PAL-N NTSC SECAM
Complete name
Phase Alternate
Line
Phase Alternate
Line
Phase Alternate
Line
National Television
Standards
Committee
Sequential Couleur Avec
Memoire
Number of lines 625 525 625 525 625
Line frequency 15.625 KHz 15.734 KHz 15.625 KHz 15.734 KHz 15.625 KHz
Sub-Carrier 4.434 MHz 3.576 MHz 3.582 MHz 3.580 MHz 4.250MHz & 4.406MHz
Reduction of max. Output level (derating). Broadband amplifiers
Channels 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 16 16 17 32
Reduction (dB) 0 2.5 3 4.5 5 5.5 6 6.5 7 7.5 8 8 8.5 8.5 9 9 12
is evaluated in the table below), will
ensure that intermodulation products
are sufficiently low that they do not
noticeably interfere with the analogue
pictures.
(Note that in most cases, the level of all
the digital signals is sufficiently small
compared to the analogue signals that
they may be disregarded.) However,
the fact that the digital signals are at
a low level compared to the analogue
means that in some circumstances this
de-rating factor might not be sufficient
to protect digital signals adequately.
It may be necessary to de-rate the
amplifier further.
Spectrum of a System M television channel with NTSC color.
Information extracted from www.wikipedia.org
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glossary of measuremenTs
ADJACENT CHANNEL REJECTION
(dB): The difference between the
minimum gain in the channel and the
maximum gain (minimum attenuation)
in the adjacent channel. The adjacent
channel in UHF is C±2 and in VHF is
C±1).
AGC RANGE (dB): The difference
between the maximum and minimum
signal that is necessary for a system
with AGC to keep a constant output.
BAND REJECTION (dB): The difference
between the minimum gain in the
amplified band and the maximum
attenuation in the rejected band.
FLATNESS (dB): The difference
between the maximum and minimum
gain in a certain band or channel.
FREQUENCY RESPONSE: The variation
in amplitude within a certain band or
channel.
GAIN (dB): This is the difference
between the output power of an
amplifier with the characteristic
impedance (75 Ω) and the input power.
MAXIMUM OUTPUT LEVEL (dBμV)
DAB Amplifier: Intermodulation distance=
50 dB (2 channels 4 MHz)
FM Amplifier: UNE 523/79 standard
Intermodulation distance= 54 dB
IF Amplifier: DIN VDE 0855/12 standard
Intermodulation distance= 35 dB
PAL broadband amplifiers: DIN45004B
standard Intermodulation distance= 60
dB
Single channel amplifiers: EN50083-5
standard Intermodulation distance= 54
dB
NOISE FIGURE: The ratio of the actual
noise power generated at the output
of an amplifier to that which would
be generated in an ideal resistor. The
lower the noise figure, the better
the performance. The noise figure is
expressed in (dB): NF=10 log F.
REJECTION BETWEEN INPUTS/
OUTPUTS (dB): The band attenuation
between inputs/outputs.
SPURIOUS (dBc): The difference in
levels between the channel carrier
created by a modulator or conversor
and the lower side band or local
oscillator. This only applies when there
is a broadband channel.
THROUGH LOSSES (dB): The
attenuation that is undergone by signal
in a specific band between the input
and output of a device.
BER (Bit Error Ratio): Measurement
of signal quality after demodulation.
It simply indicates what proportion of
the received binary digits (bits) are
incorrect – 0 received as 1 or vice-
versa. BER is ultimately the best
measure of digital signal quality since
it tells us directly whether a picture
can be displayed. In practice, when
investigating reception problems, a
CSI display is often more useful and
MER measurements may be more
appropriate, with a direct indication in
dB of the ability of a receiver to decode
the signal. A satisfactory result in a
Digital installation such as DTT or
Satellite would be <2 x 10-4
MER (Modulation Error Ratio): is a
very similar parameter to C/N and is
also a ratio measured in dB. It includes
all other signal impairments, not just
noise. It can therefore be used to give
a more direct indication of decoding
margin when, as is often the case,
there is co-channel interference as
well as noise in the channel.
MPEG-2 PROFILES
Abbr. Name Picture Coding Types Chroma Format Aspect Ratios Scalable modes
SP Simple profile I, P 4:2:0 Square pixels, 4:3, or 16:9 None
MP Main profile I, P, B 4:2:0 Square pixels, 4:3, or 16:9 None
SNR SNR Scalable profile I, P, B 4:2:0 Square pixels, 4:3, or 16:9 SNR (signal-to-noise ratio) scalable
Spatial Spatially Scalable profile I, P, B 4:2:0 Square pixels, 4:3, or 16:9 SNR- or spatial-scalable
HP High profile I, P, B 4:2:2 or 4:2:0 Square pixels, 4:3, or 16:9 SNR- or spatial-scalable
MPEG-2 LEVELS
Abbr. Name Frame rates (Hz)
Max horizontal
resolution
Max vertical
resolution
Max luminance samples per second
(approximately height x width x framerate)
Max bit rate in Main
profile (Mbit/s)
LL Low Level 23.976, 24, 25, 29.97, 30 352 288 3,041,280 4
ML Main Level 23.976, 24, 25, 29.97, 30 720 576
10,368,000, except in High profile, where
constraint is 14,475,600 for 4:2:0 and
11,059,200 for 4:2:2
15
H-14 High 1440
23.976, 24, 25, 29.97, 30,
50, 59.94, 60
1440 1152
47,001,600, except that in High profile with
4:2:0, constraint is 62,668,800
60
HL High Level
23.976, 24, 25, 29.97, 30,
50, 59.94, 60
1920 1152
62,668,800, except that in High profile with
4:2:0, constraint is 83,558,400
80
mpeg-2 profiles anD levels
Information extracted from www.wikipedia.orgInformation extracted from www.wikipedia.orgInformation extracted from www.wikipedia.org
ETHERNET TECHNOLOGIES
Technology
Transmission
Speed
Cable Type Maximum Distance Topology
10Base2 10 Mbps Coaxial 185 m Bus (T Connector)
10BaseT 10 Mbps Twisted Pair 100 m Star (Hub or Switch)
10BaseF 10 Mbps Optic Fiber 2000 m Star (Hub or Switch)
100BaseT4 100Mbps Twisted Pair (category 3UTP) 100 m Star. Half Duplex (hub) & Full Duplex (switch)
100BaseTX 100Mbps Twisted Pair (category 5UTP) 100 m Star. Half Duplex (hub) & Full Duplex (switch)
100BaseFX 100Mbps Optic Fiber 2000 m No hubs
1000BaseT 1000Mbps 4 Twisted Pair (category 5e or 6UTP ) 100 m Star. Full Duplex (switch)
1000BaseSX 1000Mbps Optic Fiber (multimode) 550 m Star. Full Duplex (switch)
1000BaseLX 1000Mbps Optic Fiber (monomode) 5000 m Star. Full Duplex (switch)
IEEE 802.X STANDARDS
Name Description Note
IEEE 802.1 Bridging (networking) and Network Management --------------
IEEE 802.2 Logical link control Inactive
IEEE 802.3 Ethernet --------------
IEEE 802.4 Token bus Disbanded
IEEE 802.5 Defines the MAC layer for a Token Ring Inactive
IEEE 802.6 Metropolitan Area Networks Disbanded
IEEE 802.7 Broadband LAN using Coaxial Cable Disbanded
IEEE 802.8 Fiber Optic TAG Disbanded
IEEE 802.9 Integrated Services LAN Disbanded
IEEE 802.10 Interoperable LAN Security Disbanded
IEEE 802.11 a/b/g/n Wireless LAN & Mesh (Wi-Fi certification) --------------
IEEE 802.12 Demand Priority Disbanded
IEEE 802.13 -------------- Not used (officially)
IEEE 802.14 Cable Modems Disbanded
IEEE 802.15 Wireless PAN --------------
IEEE 802.15.1 Bluetooth Certification --------------
IEEE 802.15.4 ZigBee Certification --------------
IEEE 802.16 Broadband Wireless Access (WiMAX certification) --------------
IEEE 802.16e (Mobile) Broadband Wireless Access --------------
IEEE 802.16.1 Local Multipoint Distribution Service --------------
IEEE 802.17 Resilient packet ring --------------
IEEE 802.18 Radio Regulatory TAG --------------
IEEE 802.19 Coexistence TAG --------------
IEEE 802.20 Mobile Broadband Wireless Access --------------
IEEE 802.21 Media Independent Handoff --------------
IEEE 802.22 Wireless Regional Area Network --------------
IEEE 802.23 Broadband ISDN system Experimental
neTwork Technologies
Information extracted from www.wikipedia.org
The IEEE 802 family of standards is
maintained by the IEEE 802 LAN/
MAN Standards Committee (LMSC).
The most widely used standards are
for the Ethernet family, Token Ring,
Wireless LAN, Bridging and Virtual
Bridged LANs.
Common Video Resolutions
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H.264 PROFILES
Feature CBP BP XP MP HiP Hi10P Hi422P Hi444PP
I and P slices Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
B slices No No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
SI and SP slices No No Yes No No No No No
Flexible macroblock ordering (FMO) No Yes Yes No No No No No
Arbitrary slice ordering (ASO) No Yes Yes No No No No No
Redundant slices (RS) No Yes Yes No No No No No
Data partitioning No No Yes No No No No No
Interlaced coding (PicAFF, MBAFF) No No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Multiple reference frames Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
In-loop deblocking filter Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
CAVLC entropy coding Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
CABAC entropy coding No No No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
8×8 vs. 4×4 transform adaptability No No No No Yes Yes Yes Yes
Quantization scaling matrices No No No No Yes Yes Yes Yes
Separate Cb and Cr QP control No No No No Yes Yes Yes Yes
Monochrome (4:0:0) No No No No Yes Yes Yes Yes
Chroma formats (4:2:x) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0, 2 0, 2, 4
Largest sample depth 8 8 8 8 8 10 10 14
Separate color plane coding No No No No No No No Yes
Predictive lossless coding No No No No No No No Yes
H.264 PROFILES
The standard includes the following
sets of capabilities, which are referred
to as profiles, targeting specific
classes of applications:
CONSTRAINED BASELINE PROFILE
(CBP)
Primarily for low-cost applications
this profile is used widely in
videoconference and mobile
applications. It corresponds to the
subset of features that are in common
between the Baseline, Main, and High
Profiles described below.
BASELINE PROFILE (BP)
Primarily for low-cost applications
that requires additional error
robustness, while this profile is
used rarely in videoconference and
mobile applications, it does add
additional error resilience tools to
the Constrained Baseline Profile. The
importance of this profile is fading
after the Constrained Baseline Profile
has been defined.
MAIN PROFILE (MP)
Originally intended as the mainstream
consumer profile for broadcast and
storage applications, the importance of
this profile faded when the High profile
was developed for those applications.
EXTENDED PROFILE (XP)
Intended as the streaming video
profile, this profile has relatively high
compression capability and some extra
tricks for robustness to data losses
and server stream switching.
HIGH PROFILE (HIP)
The primary profile for broadcast and
disc storage applications, particularly
for high-definition television
applications (this is the profile adopted
into HD DVD and Blu-ray Disc, for
example).
HIGH 10 PROFILE (HI10P)
Going beyond today’s mainstream
consumer product capabilities, this
profile builds on top of the High Profile,
adding support for up to 10 bits per
sample of decoded picture precision.
HIGH 4:2:2 PROFILE (HI422P)
Primarily targeting professional applications that use interlaced video, this
profile builds on top of the High 10 Profile, adding support for the 4:2:2 chroma
subsampling format while using up to 10 bits per sample of decoded picture
precision.
HIGH 4:4:4 PREDICTIVE PROFILE (HI444PP)
This profile builds on top of the High 4:2:2 Profile, supporting up to 4:4:4 chroma
sampling, up to 14 bits per sample, and additionally supporting efficient lossless
region coding and the coding of each picture as three separate color planes.
HIGH STEREO PROFILE
This profile targets two-view stereoscopic 3D video and combines tools from the
High profile with inter-view prediction capabilities of Multiview Video Coding
extension.
In addition, the standard contains four additional all-Intra profiles, which are
defined as simple subsets of other corresponding profiles. These are mostly for
professional (e.g., camera and editing system) applications:
HIGH 10 INTRA PROFILE
The High 10 Profile constrained to all-Intra use.
HIGH 4:2:2 INTRA PROFILE
The High 4:2:2 Profile constrained to all-Intra use.
HIGH 4:4:4 INTRA PROFILE
h.264 profiles anD levels
Information extracted from www.wikipedia.org
H.264 LEVELS
Level
Max macroblocks Max video bit rate (VCL) (kbit/s) Examples for high
resolution @ frame rate
(max stored frames)per second per frame BP, XP, MP HiP Hi10P
Hi422P,
Hi444PP
1 1485 99 64 80 192 256
128×96@30.9
176×144@15.0
1b 1485 99 128 160 384 512
128×96@30.9
176×144@15.0
1.1 3000 396 192 240 576 768
176×144@30.3
320×240@10.0
352×288@7.5
1.2 6000 396 384 480 1152 1536
320×240@20.0
352×288@15.2
1.3 11880 396 768 960 2304 3072
320×240@36.0
352×288@30.0
2 11880 396 2000 2500 6000 8000
320×240@36.0
352×288@30.0
2.1 19800 792 4000 5000 12000 16000
352×480@30.0
352×576@25.0
2.2 20250 1620 4000 5000 12000 16000
352×480@30.7
352×576@25.6
720×480@15.0
720×576@12.5
3 40500 1620 10000 12500 30000 40000
352×480@61.4
352×576@51.1
720×480@30.0
720×576@25.0
3.1 108000 3600 14000 17500 42000 56000
720×480@80.0
720×576@66.7
1280×720@30.0
3.2 216000 5120 20000 25000 60000 80000
1280×720@60.0
1280×1024@42.2
4 245760 8192 20000 25000 60000 80000
1280×720@68.3
1920×1080@30.1
2048×1024@30.0
4.1 245760 8192 50000 62500 150000 200000
1280×720@68.3
1920×1080@30.1
2048×1024@30.0
4.2 522240 8704 50000 62500 150000 200000
1920×1080@64.0
2048×1080@60.0
5 589824 22080 135000 168750 405000 540000
1920×1080@72.3
2048×1024@72.0
2048×1080@67.8
2560×1920@30.7
3680×1536@26.7
5.1 983040 36864 240000 300000 720000 960000
1920×1080@120.5
4096×2048@30.0
4096×2304@26.7
The High 4:4:4 Profile constrained to
all-Intra use.
CAVLC 4:4:4 INTRA PROFILE
The High 4:4:4 Profile constrained to
all-Intra use and to CAVLC entropy
coding (i.e., not supporting CABAC).
As a result of the Scalable Video Coding
extension, the standard contains three
additional scalable profiles, which are
defined as a combination of the H.264/
AVC profile for the base layer (2nd word
in scalable profile name) and tools that
achieve the scalable extension:
SCALABLE BASELINE PROFILE
Primarily targeting video conference,
mobile, and surveillance applications,
this profile builds on top of a
constrained version of the H.264/AVC
Baseline profile to which the base
layer (a subset of the bitstream) must
conform. For the scalability tools, a
subset of the available tools is enabled.
SCALABLE HIGH PROFILE
Primarily targeting broadcast and
streaming applications, this profile
builds on top of the H.264/AVC High
Profile to which the base layer must
conform.
SCALABLE HIGH INTRA PROFILE
Primarily targeting production
applications, this profile is the Scalable
High Profile constrained to all-Intra
use.
Information extracted from www.wikipedia.org
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wiring
Ethernet Cable RJ45 Pinout
Pin T568A Pair T568B Pair Wire T568A Color T568B Color
1 3 2 tip
white/green stripe white/orange stripe
2 3 2 ring
green solid orange solid
3 2 3 tip
white/orange stripe white/green stripe
4 1 1 ring
blue solid blue solid
5 1 1 tip
white/blue stripe white/blue stripe
6 2 3 ring
orange solid green solid
7 4 4 tip
white/brown stripe white/brown stripe
8 4 4 ring
brown solid brown solid
Information extracted from www.wikipedia.org
Horizontal cables should be terminated using the T568A pin/pair assignments, “or, optionally, per [T568B] if necessary to
accommodate certain 8-pin cabling systems”. Despite this instruction, many organizations continue to implement T568B
for various reasons, chiefly associated with tradition (T568B is equivalent to AT&T 258A). The United States National
Communication Systems Federal Telecommunications Recommendations do not recognize T568B.
An Ethernet crossover cable is a type of Ethernet cable used to connect computing
devices together directly where they would normally be connected via a network
switch, hub or router, such as directly connecting two personal computers via
their network adapters.
Automatic MDI/MDI-X Configuration is specified as an optional feature in the
1000BASE-T standard, meaning that straight-through cables will often work
between Gigabit capable interfaces. This feature eliminates the need for crossover
cables, making obsolete the uplink/normal ports and manual selector switches
found on many older hubs and switches and greatly reducing installation errors.
Gigabit Ethernet Crossover RJ45 Pinout
Pin
Connection 1: T568A Connection 2: T568A Crossed
Signal Pair Color Signal Pair Color
1 BI_DA+ 3
white/green stripe
BI_DB+ 2
white/orange stripe
2 BI_DA- 3
green solid
BI_DB- 2
orange solid
3 BI_DB+ 2
white/orange stripe
BI_DA+ 3
white/green stripe
4 BI_DB+ 1
blue solid
BI_DD+ 4
white/brown stripe
5 BI_DB- 1
white/blue stripe
BI_DD- 4
brown solid
6 BI_DB- 2
orange solid
BI_DA- 3
green solid
7 BI_DD+ 4
white/brown stripe
BI_DC+ 1
blue solid
8 BI_DD- 4
brown solid
BI_DC- 1
white/blue stripe
Gigabit Ethernet Crossover RJ45 Pinout
Pin
Connection 1: T568B Connection 2: T568B Crossed
Signal Pair Color Signal Pair Color
1 BI_DB+ 2
white/orange stripe
BI_DA+ 3
white/green stripe
2 BI_DB- 2
orange solid
BI_DA- 3
green solid
3 BI_DA+ 3
white/green stripe
BI_DB+ 2
white/orange stripe
4 BI_DB+ 1
blue solid
BI_
DD+
4
white/brown stripe
5 BI_DB- 1
white/blue stripe
BI_DD- 4
brown solid
6 BI_DA- 3
green solid
BI_DB- 2
orange solid
7 BI_DD+ 4
white/brown stripe
BI_DC+ 1
blue solid
8 BI_DD- 4
brown solid
BI_DC- 1
white/blue stripe
Information extracted from www.wikipedia.org
Use shielded connections
Respect bending radius
Avoid heavy weights on the cable
Avoid heat sources
Use appropriate clamps
caBle recommenDaTions
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