The document discusses the smart speed violation detection and challan system, highlighting the two main types of speed monitor systems: hardware-based and software-based. It outlines various detection methods, their limitations, and benefits of video-based systems for real-time speed monitoring. The conclusion emphasizes evaluating technical capabilities, budget considerations, and specific monitoring needs when choosing the right speed monitoring system.

1. Smart Speed
Violation Detection
and Challan System
December 10, 2023

2. • Introduction to Speed Monitor Systems
• Types of Speed Monitor Systems
• Hardware-based Speed Detection
• Limitations of Hardware-based Systems
• Software-based Speed Detection
• Advantages of Video-based Systems
• Real-time Speed Monitoring: Two Aspects
• Methods of Target Detection
• Frame Difference Method
• Background Difference Method
Agenda
• Optical Flow Methods
• Conclusion: Choosing the Right Speed
Monitor System

3. Hardware systems use sensors,
radars, or lasers to detect
vehicle speed.
Software systems utilize video-
based measurement and image
processing technology to
monitor traffic flow.
Introduction to Speed Monitor Systems
Hardware and software are the
two main types of speed
monitor systems.
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2
1

4. • Induction-coil circuit sensor
• Radar speed measurement
• Laser speed measurement
Hardware-based Systems
• Induction-coil circuit sensor
• Radar speed measurement
• Laser speed measurement
Software-based Systems
Types of Speed Monitor Systems

5. Challenges
Hardware systems use various
methods to detect vehicle
speed, including radar
measurement, laser
measurement, and induction-
coil sensors.
Detection Methods Limitations
Hardware-based Speed Detection
Radar and laser gun
measurement are expensive and
can only detect one object at a
time. Sensor-based systems
have limitations in terms of
efficiency and maintenance
costs.
Hardware systems face
challenges in detecting slow-
moving vehicles and dealing
with unstable factors in the
environment.

6. Limitations of Hardware-
based Systems
● Expensive components, maintenance, and installation
● Can only detect one object at a time
● Limitations in application
● Inability to spot slow-moving vehicles
Limitations

7. Adopts image processing
technology to process traffic flow
video and collect all kinds of
information.
Divided into two aspects: moving
target detection and moving
target tracking.
Frame difference method,
background difference method,
optical flow methods.
Video-based Measurement
System
Real-time Speed
Monitoring
Software-based Speed Detection
Methods of Target
Detection

8. Advantages of Video-based
Systems
● More effective in real-time speed monitoring
● Better at handling multiple moving targets
● Utilizes advancements in cameras and computer devices
● Enhanced capabilities in traffic flow data collection
Advantages of Video-based Systems

9. Real-time Speed Monitoring: Two Aspects
• The system needs to be able to detect and identify
moving targets, which in this case are vehicles.
• This aspect involves the use of video and image
processing technology to accurately detect and
track moving vehicles.
Aspect 1: Moving Target Detection
• Once the moving targets are detected, the system
needs to be able to track their speed and movement
patterns.
• This aspect focuses on tracking the identified
vehicles throughout the monitoring process.
Aspect 2: Moving Target Tracking

10. Methods of Target Detection
This method maintains the motion path of the moving target in two
consecutive frames of images and eliminates the interference of unstable
factors. However, it cannot spot slow-moving vehicles.
This method relies on accurate and steady background modeling to extract
moving objects from the original frame. It is effective but has some
limitations.
Frame Difference
Method
Background Difference
Method
Optical Flow Methods
Optical flow method reflects the change of pixel points in the time domain of
the imaging plain coordinate system. It is used to track the movement of
pixel points and is effective in many applications.

11. Frame Difference Method
● Maintains the motion path of the moving target in two consecutive
frames of images
● Eliminates the interference of unstable factors
● Critical Limitation: Inability to spot slow-moving vehicles
● Explanation: The technique cannot spot slow-moving vehicles.
Understanding the Method

12. Background Difference Method
Understanding the
Method
● It relies on accurate and steady background modeling to extract background images.
● The system then uses these background images to separate moving objects from the original frame.
● This method is effective in capturing motion and eliminating unstable factors.
Plus tip:

13. Optical Flow Methods
Understanding Optical
Flow Methods
● Optical flow methods track the motion of pixel points in a video image.
● It measures the changes in the image plain coordinate system over time.
● This technique is used to capture the movement characteristics of vehicles and track their paths.
● The optical flow value of video image pixel points is calculated to determine the image displacement of the tracked
target.

14. Conclusion: Choosing the Right Speed Monitor System
Assess the technical
capabilities and
limitations of both
hardware and
software systems to
ensure
compatibility with
existing
infrastructure.
Evaluate the budget
for the system,
taking into account
not only initial
installation costs
but also long-term
maintenance
expenses.
Consider the
specific needs of
the speed
monitoring area,
such as traffic
volume and speed
limit requirements,
to determine the
most suitable
system.
Take into
consideration the
effectiveness of the
system in real-time
speed monitoring
and violation
detection.