This document summarizes a study that examined the relationship between social media addiction and school adjustment among undergraduate students at Ahmadu Bello University in Zaria, Nigeria. The study found a significant inverse relationship between social media addiction and school adjustment, indicating that higher social media addiction is associated with lower school adjustment. It also found that female students had significantly higher levels of social media addiction than male students, while male students had significantly higher school adjustment than female students. The study concluded that excessive social media use can negatively impact students' school adjustment.
Running head FINAL PROSPECTUSFINAL PROSPECTUS6Final.docxwlynn1
Running head: FINAL PROSPECTUS
FINAL PROSPECTUS
6
Final Prospectus
Argosy University
September 26, 2018
ABSTRACT
Social media is a dissenting topic, especially today. Some people have had the view that social media ruins human interaction not to mention real life human relationships. On the other hand, in the era of everything instant, the idea of living has drastically changed. Initially, people held the idea that life is too hard but with the advancement in technology it has now become a saying that life is easy. All this is attributable to modern technology and equally important globalization, in the sense that people are becoming more independent and interconnected. Social media has changed the world as people used to know it in the sense that people can do everything in an interconnected world that enables instant communication. Some of the most popular social networking includes Facebook, and Twitter among others. Similarly, in this era of social networking people’s idea of reality has greatly changed and people handle such things as relationship differently. This being the case, the objective of this paper is to develop a final prospectus regarding the impacts of social media. Mainly, the paper will focus its attention on the impact of social media and some of the ways that can be used to define the controversy between social media and youths below the 23 years of age.
Impact of Social Media
As mentioned in the discussion, there are many social networks to choose from such as Twitter, Snapchat and Instagram among others. In understanding how social media impacts the youth, it is imperative to look at both the pros and cons of social media on the youth. Essentially social media has reduced the world in a global village which means youths can share and interact easily and instant. Conferring with Ahn (2011), addiction to social media has resulted to poor performance in leaning institutions. Many bright students have resorted to bad behaviours because of social media. Ideally, social media has captured the attention of youths to an extent of not focusing on studies. The issue of mobile phones in learning institutions has invited an endless debate currently. Teachers have complained that students are using phones to connect with their friends and families through such networking sites like Facebook. This idea of using phones in classrooms has deteriorated student performance.
Additionally, youth are so addicted to social media that they do not study at home. Normally, students are supposed to maintain impartiality between social media and studies. This obsession with social media is detrimental to the youth lives. It is estimated that 70% of the district school block have access to social network sites. The rationale behind this is that online communities allow youths to build social capital. In other words, youths are able to access information, seek advice and share ideas through a network of relationships. Most of these SNS o.
Dependency on social media and its effects on users (literature review) - Pre...Dr. Fiza Zia Ul Hannan
< Justification of studying social media >
As a whole, media has become an essential element in modern life. In days to come, its role will expand with the expansion of technology. This is an age of advanced digital communication (Abid Hussain, 2019).
Post-modernism has given rise to non-face-to-face interaction, i.e. online engagement. With incorporation of social media in our lifestyles, we are heading towards another era beyond Post-modernism (especially since an outburst of COVID-19).
Mainstream media, i.e. television, newspaper, its utilization and effects on consumers have been a point of focus for researchers in their scholarly debates and are well documented since half century. New media, particularly social networking sites (SNS), is relatively a new discipline and is being explored through various dimensions since its emergence.
Running Head EFFECTS OF SOCIAL MEDIA ON THE YOUTHS .docxtodd271
Running Head: EFFECTS OF SOCIAL MEDIA ON THE YOUTHS 1
EFFECTS OF SOCIAL MEDIA ON THE YOUTHS 8
Effects of Social Media on the Youths
Institution
Name
Section One
The fact that social media has become part our daily live cannot be overlooked especially in the current innovations in technology. Access to devices such as smart phones and broadband internet has created an easy way through which any one can access any form of information that they want. Although the social media has played a special role in ensuring that the information that we is at our disposal, it has resulted in serious erosion of human morals and ethics. It is not surprising that people value their phones more than they do to their fellow human. However, this research will look at how the young people have been impacted by the social media.
The current widespread of the social are becoming an area of interest among the researchers especially about how it has affected the community around the world. Almost every individual is connected to at least one social media plat form and this has attracted the researchers to learn more about these platforms and how they have affected the community around. However, the most affected are the teenagers who have become fanatics of these platforms and have made them part of their daily life to an extent they cannot spend a minute without accessing them. This has never implication on their ethics, behavior and even their education.
Social media has both positive and negative implications to the youths and this paper seeks to address these impacts with a special focus on the youths.
The positive impacts is that the youths can interact with one another without meeting physically across the globe and this has enhanced creation of friendship and therefore, strong social ties. Moreover, the youths stay updated on the events that happen around the world at the comfort of their rooms or working places. Also, many youths have made the social media a source of their income and have utilized it to improve their lives through improved connections.
Despite the good aspects connected to the social media, it has the negative side too and this has bad implications on the youths. To begin with, social media reduces face to interactions as they spend most of their time in these online platforms. This isolation result in psychological, emotional mental and physical effects to the youths. The minor are also introduced to immoral behaviors such as homosexuality, lesbianism and other sexual misconducts. Further, the youths are exposed to pornographic content which result in early pregnancies among the young girls and also increase the chance of contracting sexually transmitted infections.
A comprehension of these issues will help the society find ways through which to reduce the youth prevalence to the problems associated with sta.
IntroductionMedia is always pointed at having negative effects ohildredzr1di
Introduction
Media is always pointed at having negative effects on mental health. Media, including social networking sites such as Twitter, Facebook, among others, have rapidly developed. Facebook is considered to be the largest social networking site used globally. In the past decade, media has caused various changes, especially in the way individuals interact as well as communicate. However, it is not clear whether these changes may have an impact on the usual human characters. Previous research carried out shows that prolonged use of media may be associated with signs of depression. In addition, studies have also shown that the effects are associated with low self-esteem, and this mainly affects adolescents and children.
However, other studies differ and have shown that media does not affect negatively and no mental problems associated with the use of media. Thus, the relationship between media and mental health is controversial, and many questions have remained unanswered. Moreover, the research on this topic has experienced a lot of challenges. This paper focuses on findings regarding the association between the media and mental health issues such as internet addiction, depression signs and symptoms and low self-esteem.
Media and Signs and symptoms of depression
Various reasons suggest that media users are at risk of getting depressed. This is because there are many factors that may cause a depressed individual to increase their use or begin to use a social networking site. Among the reasons why media is associated with depressive symptoms is that it may lead to negative changes in the personality characteristics of other users. Generally, internet use affects the social relationship to the extent of affecting participation in community life.
According to a study done by Kraut et al ., 1998 shows that increased time online is associated with reduced communication with other members of the family. This may result in an increased feeling of loneliness as well as depression. Further research suggests that computer use may have various negative effects, especially on the social development of children.
This research focused on investigating possible impacts of internet browsing and other online uses such as email checking on mental health.
As a result of the development of social networks, for example, Facebook in 2004, time spent online has greatly increased. On the other hand, time on interpersonal interaction has reduced, including among the family members. However, research on the relationship between the use of various social networking sites and depression has not been properly investigated. This is because most social networks and upgrade in the media are recent discoveries. According to a study carried out on high school population, it was found that there is a relationship between time spent on social networking sites and depressive symptoms(Pantic et al ., 2012).
However, different authors have found that media is no ...
Running head FINAL PROSPECTUSFINAL PROSPECTUS6Final.docxwlynn1
Running head: FINAL PROSPECTUS
FINAL PROSPECTUS
6
Final Prospectus
Argosy University
September 26, 2018
ABSTRACT
Social media is a dissenting topic, especially today. Some people have had the view that social media ruins human interaction not to mention real life human relationships. On the other hand, in the era of everything instant, the idea of living has drastically changed. Initially, people held the idea that life is too hard but with the advancement in technology it has now become a saying that life is easy. All this is attributable to modern technology and equally important globalization, in the sense that people are becoming more independent and interconnected. Social media has changed the world as people used to know it in the sense that people can do everything in an interconnected world that enables instant communication. Some of the most popular social networking includes Facebook, and Twitter among others. Similarly, in this era of social networking people’s idea of reality has greatly changed and people handle such things as relationship differently. This being the case, the objective of this paper is to develop a final prospectus regarding the impacts of social media. Mainly, the paper will focus its attention on the impact of social media and some of the ways that can be used to define the controversy between social media and youths below the 23 years of age.
Impact of Social Media
As mentioned in the discussion, there are many social networks to choose from such as Twitter, Snapchat and Instagram among others. In understanding how social media impacts the youth, it is imperative to look at both the pros and cons of social media on the youth. Essentially social media has reduced the world in a global village which means youths can share and interact easily and instant. Conferring with Ahn (2011), addiction to social media has resulted to poor performance in leaning institutions. Many bright students have resorted to bad behaviours because of social media. Ideally, social media has captured the attention of youths to an extent of not focusing on studies. The issue of mobile phones in learning institutions has invited an endless debate currently. Teachers have complained that students are using phones to connect with their friends and families through such networking sites like Facebook. This idea of using phones in classrooms has deteriorated student performance.
Additionally, youth are so addicted to social media that they do not study at home. Normally, students are supposed to maintain impartiality between social media and studies. This obsession with social media is detrimental to the youth lives. It is estimated that 70% of the district school block have access to social network sites. The rationale behind this is that online communities allow youths to build social capital. In other words, youths are able to access information, seek advice and share ideas through a network of relationships. Most of these SNS o.
Dependency on social media and its effects on users (literature review) - Pre...Dr. Fiza Zia Ul Hannan
< Justification of studying social media >
As a whole, media has become an essential element in modern life. In days to come, its role will expand with the expansion of technology. This is an age of advanced digital communication (Abid Hussain, 2019).
Post-modernism has given rise to non-face-to-face interaction, i.e. online engagement. With incorporation of social media in our lifestyles, we are heading towards another era beyond Post-modernism (especially since an outburst of COVID-19).
Mainstream media, i.e. television, newspaper, its utilization and effects on consumers have been a point of focus for researchers in their scholarly debates and are well documented since half century. New media, particularly social networking sites (SNS), is relatively a new discipline and is being explored through various dimensions since its emergence.
Running Head EFFECTS OF SOCIAL MEDIA ON THE YOUTHS .docxtodd271
Running Head: EFFECTS OF SOCIAL MEDIA ON THE YOUTHS 1
EFFECTS OF SOCIAL MEDIA ON THE YOUTHS 8
Effects of Social Media on the Youths
Institution
Name
Section One
The fact that social media has become part our daily live cannot be overlooked especially in the current innovations in technology. Access to devices such as smart phones and broadband internet has created an easy way through which any one can access any form of information that they want. Although the social media has played a special role in ensuring that the information that we is at our disposal, it has resulted in serious erosion of human morals and ethics. It is not surprising that people value their phones more than they do to their fellow human. However, this research will look at how the young people have been impacted by the social media.
The current widespread of the social are becoming an area of interest among the researchers especially about how it has affected the community around the world. Almost every individual is connected to at least one social media plat form and this has attracted the researchers to learn more about these platforms and how they have affected the community around. However, the most affected are the teenagers who have become fanatics of these platforms and have made them part of their daily life to an extent they cannot spend a minute without accessing them. This has never implication on their ethics, behavior and even their education.
Social media has both positive and negative implications to the youths and this paper seeks to address these impacts with a special focus on the youths.
The positive impacts is that the youths can interact with one another without meeting physically across the globe and this has enhanced creation of friendship and therefore, strong social ties. Moreover, the youths stay updated on the events that happen around the world at the comfort of their rooms or working places. Also, many youths have made the social media a source of their income and have utilized it to improve their lives through improved connections.
Despite the good aspects connected to the social media, it has the negative side too and this has bad implications on the youths. To begin with, social media reduces face to interactions as they spend most of their time in these online platforms. This isolation result in psychological, emotional mental and physical effects to the youths. The minor are also introduced to immoral behaviors such as homosexuality, lesbianism and other sexual misconducts. Further, the youths are exposed to pornographic content which result in early pregnancies among the young girls and also increase the chance of contracting sexually transmitted infections.
A comprehension of these issues will help the society find ways through which to reduce the youth prevalence to the problems associated with sta.
IntroductionMedia is always pointed at having negative effects ohildredzr1di
Introduction
Media is always pointed at having negative effects on mental health. Media, including social networking sites such as Twitter, Facebook, among others, have rapidly developed. Facebook is considered to be the largest social networking site used globally. In the past decade, media has caused various changes, especially in the way individuals interact as well as communicate. However, it is not clear whether these changes may have an impact on the usual human characters. Previous research carried out shows that prolonged use of media may be associated with signs of depression. In addition, studies have also shown that the effects are associated with low self-esteem, and this mainly affects adolescents and children.
However, other studies differ and have shown that media does not affect negatively and no mental problems associated with the use of media. Thus, the relationship between media and mental health is controversial, and many questions have remained unanswered. Moreover, the research on this topic has experienced a lot of challenges. This paper focuses on findings regarding the association between the media and mental health issues such as internet addiction, depression signs and symptoms and low self-esteem.
Media and Signs and symptoms of depression
Various reasons suggest that media users are at risk of getting depressed. This is because there are many factors that may cause a depressed individual to increase their use or begin to use a social networking site. Among the reasons why media is associated with depressive symptoms is that it may lead to negative changes in the personality characteristics of other users. Generally, internet use affects the social relationship to the extent of affecting participation in community life.
According to a study done by Kraut et al ., 1998 shows that increased time online is associated with reduced communication with other members of the family. This may result in an increased feeling of loneliness as well as depression. Further research suggests that computer use may have various negative effects, especially on the social development of children.
This research focused on investigating possible impacts of internet browsing and other online uses such as email checking on mental health.
As a result of the development of social networks, for example, Facebook in 2004, time spent online has greatly increased. On the other hand, time on interpersonal interaction has reduced, including among the family members. However, research on the relationship between the use of various social networking sites and depression has not been properly investigated. This is because most social networks and upgrade in the media are recent discoveries. According to a study carried out on high school population, it was found that there is a relationship between time spent on social networking sites and depressive symptoms(Pantic et al ., 2012).
However, different authors have found that media is no ...
THE GRATIFICATION AND MISUSE PATTERNS OF FACEBOOK USE AMONG UNDERGRADUATE S...American Research Thoughts
This study explored the consequences of Facebook use in the lives of undergraduate
students and to what extent this social network site was subjective to their everyday requirements. In
this respect 100 college students from Govt. College Dharamshala were randomly chosen and after
reviewing several studies on Facebook use, a questionnaire containing 20 close-ended questions was
framed and circulated them in their free times. The collected data was tabled and analyzed with the
assistance of IBM SPSS 20. Finally, the study summarizes that the undergraduates access Facebook
for various purposes in their everyday life in which, academic search, online shopping, developing
(social) relations, sharing data, chatting, and killing loneliness are primary. The study also confirms
and supports the results of previous studies that the consumption of Facebook influences students’
academic, health and social life both negative and positive manners. It is alarmed that if the
dependency of students on Facebook is not taken seriously by parents, teachers and policymakers, it
would influence their social relationship, health status, moral attitude and academic performance to a
large manner in coming years.
Research report on exceesive use of social media lead to mental health issuesHarsh Vardhan
It is a small research on "can excessive use of social media lead to mental health illness". It consists of the tools we used and types of research we used to conduct this research.
Running head RISK OF SOCIAL MEDIA TO DEVELOPMENT OF ADOLESCENTS .docxtodd521
Running head: RISK OF SOCIAL MEDIA TO DEVELOPMENT OF ADOLESCENTS 1
RISK OF SOCIAL MEDIA TO DEVELOPMENT OF ADOLESCENTS 5
Risk of Social Media to Development of Adolescents
Student’s Name
Institution Affiliation
Social media has a great impact on the lives of adolescents. Some of the effects of social media are good but others negatively influence social, moral, physical and spiritual development of the adolescents. Technological advancements and penetration of the communication networks have made social media, social networking sites and development of the smartphones have made accessibility of the social media platforms such as Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, WhatsApp, WeChat, Qzone, Google and many others readily available to the adolescents. However, there are significant risks that are associated with the use of social media that influence the development of adolescents.
Various studies have been done touching on the effect of social media on the development of adolescents and teenagers. Some studies consider both negative and positive effects of social media. However, in this particular study, we learn more on the risk factors hence we deal more on the negative effects of the social media on the development of the adolescent.
In the study conducted in the year 2019 by Keles, McCrae and Realish, they revealed that in 92% of the teenagers are the active users of social media. This clearly shows that teenagers are the greatest per cent that is the active users of the social media and therefore are mostly affected by social media.
In reviewing further studies to establish how social media can impact the development of the adolescent, Urie Bronfenbrenner makes it clear that type of the environment that people interact in will influence their behavior. This means that social media has the ability to influence adolescents negatively. It is therefore important to evaluate bad behaviors that are related to the use of social media and determine if they are applicable to adolescents.
In one particular study, it was revealed that mental disorders are very common among adolescents. In the United Kingdom, the study revealed that cases of the girls harming themselves had increased by 68%. Many of the cases of mental disorders were correlated to social media. On further analysis, it was identified that majority of the teenagers have multiples social accounts which demand much their attention, some do not have enough time to sleep while on the social media and others have been addicted to the social media which leads cases of the depression among the adolescents (Keles, McCrae & Grealish, 2019).
In another study, cyberbullying has been reported has the common problem of social media. This is the problems that teenagers are suffering in the hands of social media. In the year 2017, Underwood and Ehrenreich established that particular research done in 2014 had identified that 10-40% of the teenagers had reported having suffered from .
THE PROBLEM
The Effects of Unrestricted Usage of Social Media to the Academic Performances
Of Selected G12 SHS-IT Students from PHINMA - Cagayan de Oro College
Background Information of the Study
The presentation will be based on the hypothesis from Research Met.docxlillie234567
The presentation will be based on the hypothesis from Research Methods I,
and will include a finalized methodology to test the hypothesis, planned analyses, and
discussion of potential findings
The Influence of Social Media on Mental Health
Martha Ramsey
Saint Leo University
Research Method II: PSY 535
Instructor Andrea Goldstein
November 4, 2022
1
The Influence of social media on Mental Health
Abstract
It is essential to define social media and mental health to have a meaningful conversation on the impact technology has on people's emotional well-being. One definition of social media is how individuals may discuss and learn more about a range of topics with one another. Video, still images, and sound are just some of the many ways data may be sent. The material provided on these sites has the potential to help people or to cause harm, such as mental health problems or radicalization. YouTube, Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, and Flickr are all examples of well-known social networking sites. Pew predicts that by 2022, 84 percent of U.S. adults will be active on at least one social networking site, up from 5 percentage points in 2002. In the United States, people mainly utilize the social media sites Facebook, Instagram, Pinterest, and Twitter.
Introduction
One cannot imagine current life without the ubiquitous presence of social media. Since it was first created, people have found several ways to put it to use. Social media were designed to facilitate quick one-on-one contact. However, it has steadily been implemented in several industries, including schools, the business world, and hospitals, as a tool for marketing, making it simpler to contact more consumers and prospective clients in a short period. However, social media's negative aspects may harm people's health and well-being. Among the harmful impacts of social media is the rise of mental health problems, according to recent studies. Anxiety, sadness, and mania are just some of the mental health problems that have been linked to excessive social media usage.
People's mental well-being is crucial since it determines how actively they engage in everyday life. Mental health issues may impair an individual's ability to operate and can be triggered by various traumatic experiences, abusive relationships, child maltreatment, unemployment, and failed marriages. Common mental health difficulties include melancholy, inability to sleep, tension, hostility, and suppression of feelings (Coyne et al.,2020). However, mental health encompasses not only physical health but also social and emotional well-being.
Some have suggested that media positively and negatively affect users' mental health. One of social media's most frequently cited advantages is the increased privacy it provides its users. Individuals can feel safe sharing their traumatic experiences, knowing their privacy will be protected. In other words, face-to-face interactions don't necessarily guarantee the same level of ope.
RESEARCH PAPERRESEARCH PAPER1Bruce W. .docxeleanorg1
RESEARCH PAPER
RESEARCH PAPER
1
Bruce W. Norcise
Excelsior College
LA 298 CAPSTONE
How has social Media affected today’s Youth?
Social Media is a prominent part of today's life, especially among young people. Unfortunately, the users of social media do not stop to think about the effects it has on their lives. For instance, people are becoming anti-social while they are at the same time desperate to make more friends on Facebook or get more followers on Twitter. People need to know the impact of social media, both negative and positive, rather than just engage blindly. While there are many positive aspects of social media, the negative aspects are equally many. To help make the right choices, this paper will be an analysis of the effects of social media on youths, and how the negative effects can be handled.
This paper will help youths and parents understand the dangers of social media and know the boundaries they should use as they use it. Failure to do so will cause them to fall to varying traps and dangers that will have negative consequences. Social media is one sector of the internet that is greatly used by criminals. On this site, youths get exposed to cyberbullying, online predators and sexting. These dangers should be discussed to let people know their damaging effects and how they can be avoided. Other than the above-mentioned dangers of using social media, there are effects that are rarely discussed. For instance, teens are not aware of the dangers of exposing their address on public platforms. This paper will expose these dangers and many more as well as provide the most appropriate solutions.
References
Agosto, D., & Abbas, J. (2010). High school seniors' social network and other ict use preferences and concerns. Proceedings of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, 47(1),
Christakis, D. (2006). Media as a public health issue. Editorial. Archives ofPediatric and Adolescent Medicine
Donath, J. (2007). Signals in social supernets. Journal of Computer‐Mediated Communication, 13(1), article
21
Journal of College & Character
The Impact of Social Media on College Students
Jeanna Mastrodicasa, University of Florida
Paul Metellus, University of Florida1
Abstract
There are numerous ways, positive and negative, in which social media impact college students.
Understanding sheer volume of time and the type of activities for which college students use social
networking sites is crucial for higher education administrators. Researchers have begun to empiri-
cally examine impacts on students’ well-being and have found some preliminary results that call for
more research. They find that social media are not the problem—the problem is the specific use and
purpose of social media activities that make the difference.
1 Jeanna Mastrodicasa is assistant vice president for student affairs at the University of Florida. E-mail: [email protected] Paul
Metellus is an undergraduate at.
Impact of Social Media among Students’ Behaviors in Tertiary Institution of A...IJSRP Journal
The impact of social media among students behavior in tertiary institution has become worrisome. Social media is a means of connections among people in which they create, share, and exchange information and ideas in virtual communities and network. This craze for social media has led to a host of question regarding its impact among students behavior particularly in tertiary institution. This paper is set to study the impact of social media among students in tertiary institution in Adamawa State, Nigeria. A 5 likert scale questionnaire comprises of 19 questions was used as an instrument for data collection. 300 respondents sampled from 6 selected tertiary institutions in Adamawa State formed the population of the study. Descriptive statistics was used to analyze the data. The study revealed that social media has positive impact as well as negative impact on students behavior. The study further recommended that students need to be trained on better usage of social media so as to minimize its misused, School management should train and encourage students on how to use skype and other video conferencing tools to have discussion with lecturers and group members academically.
Running head SOCIAL MEDIA AND CHILDREN DEVELOPMENT1SOCIAL MED.docxjeanettehully
Running head: SOCIAL MEDIA AND CHILDREN DEVELOPMENT 1
SOCIAL MEDIA AND CHILDREN DEVELOPMENT 13
Social Media’s Effect on the Development and Learning Stages of A Child
Nisha Cunningham
Felician University
Social Media’s Effect on the Development and Learning Stages of A Child
Annotated Bibliography
Best, P., Manktelowa, R., & Taylor, B. (2014). Online communication, social media, and adolescent wellbeing: A systematic narrative review. Children and Youth Services Review, 27-36.
The article looks into the growing debate about the effects of online social technologies on children and teenagers. Through an in-depth analysis of empirical research, the authors identify both the benefits and harmful effects of social media on young people. The article gives recommendations on how to minimize adverse impacts and increase the positive effects of social media.
Loureiro, K., Solnet, D., Bolton, R. P., Hoefnagels, A., Migchels, N., & Kabadayi, S. (2013). Understanding Generation Y and their use of social media: a review and research agenda. Journal of Service Management, 245-267.
Social media use has several implications for young people. This article refers to today's younger generation as Generation Y. The authors collect information to show the effects of social media on society, organizations, and individuals. Several research questions are derived to explain social media use in a better way.
Hutter, K., Hautz, J., Dennhardt, S., & Füller, J. (2013). The impact of user interactions in social media on brand awareness and purchase intention: the case of MINI on Facebook. Journal of Product & Brand Management, 342-351.
The article analyzes how social media influences the purchase of products. Through an online survey, the authors indicate how individuals can be talked into buying products over the internet. The authors use a mixed-method research method to show how social media has influenced the marketing of products.
Schwendler, I. L., & Trude, A. (2018). Implementation of Text-Messaging and Social Media Strategies in a Multilevel Childhood Obesity Prevention Intervention: Process Evaluation Results. The Journal of Health Care Organization, Provision, and Financing, 187-198.
Social media has been highly attributed to the increase in obesity in young children. Children are spending more time on social media platforms. Physical exercise has dramatically reduced as more children embrace social media and their major entertainment. The article reviews the use of social media in both increasing and lowering obesity prevalence.
Lewin, C., & Greenhow, C. (2016). Social media and education: reconceptualizing the boundaries of formal and informal learning. Journal of Learning, Media and Technology, 6-30.
Social media has several effects on society. Some people have argued that social media has the potential of creating a bridge between formal and informal learning. Social media affects learning at both levels. This article analyzes the use of ...
Running head SOCIAL MEDIA AND CHILDREN DEVELOPMENT1SOCIAL MED.docxinfantkimber
Running head: SOCIAL MEDIA AND CHILDREN DEVELOPMENT 1
SOCIAL MEDIA AND CHILDREN DEVELOPMENT 13
Social Media’s Effect on the Development and Learning Stages of A Child
Nisha Cunningham
Felician University
Social Media’s Effect on the Development and Learning Stages of A Child
Annotated Bibliography
Best, P., Manktelowa, R., & Taylor, B. (2014). Online communication, social media, and adolescent wellbeing: A systematic narrative review. Children and Youth Services Review, 27-36.
The article looks into the growing debate about the effects of online social technologies on children and teenagers. Through an in-depth analysis of empirical research, the authors identify both the benefits and harmful effects of social media on young people. The article gives recommendations on how to minimize adverse impacts and increase the positive effects of social media.
Loureiro, K., Solnet, D., Bolton, R. P., Hoefnagels, A., Migchels, N., & Kabadayi, S. (2013). Understanding Generation Y and their use of social media: a review and research agenda. Journal of Service Management, 245-267.
Social media use has several implications for young people. This article refers to today's younger generation as Generation Y. The authors collect information to show the effects of social media on society, organizations, and individuals. Several research questions are derived to explain social media use in a better way.
Hutter, K., Hautz, J., Dennhardt, S., & Füller, J. (2013). The impact of user interactions in social media on brand awareness and purchase intention: the case of MINI on Facebook. Journal of Product & Brand Management, 342-351.
The article analyzes how social media influences the purchase of products. Through an online survey, the authors indicate how individuals can be talked into buying products over the internet. The authors use a mixed-method research method to show how social media has influenced the marketing of products.
Schwendler, I. L., & Trude, A. (2018). Implementation of Text-Messaging and Social Media Strategies in a Multilevel Childhood Obesity Prevention Intervention: Process Evaluation Results. The Journal of Health Care Organization, Provision, and Financing, 187-198.
Social media has been highly attributed to the increase in obesity in young children. Children are spending more time on social media platforms. Physical exercise has dramatically reduced as more children embrace social media and their major entertainment. The article reviews the use of social media in both increasing and lowering obesity prevalence.
Lewin, C., & Greenhow, C. (2016). Social media and education: reconceptualizing the boundaries of formal and informal learning. Journal of Learning, Media and Technology, 6-30.
Social media has several effects on society. Some people have argued that social media has the potential of creating a bridge between formal and informal learning. Social media affects learning at both levels. This article analyzes the use of ...
THE PROBLEM
The Effects of Unrestricted Usage of Social Media to the Academic Performances
Of Selected G12 SHS-IT Students from PHINMA - Cagayan de Oro College
Background Information of the Study
The Facebook has become an essential part of almost every university students’ daily life, and while a large
number of students seem to get benefits from use of the Facebook by exchanging information for educational
goals, make friends, and other activities, the literature indicates that this social networking site can become
addictive to some university students’ users, which is one of the today’s higher education matters. The aim of this
study, therefore, is to explore the phenomenon of Facebook addiction among university students. Qualitative
study using interview is used to gather data from nine International postgraduates of Universiti Putra Malaysia
and the data established three themes (Compulsion to check Facebook, High frequency use, and Using Facebook
to avoid offline responsibility) relied on the participants interviews. The findings from these three themes
showed that these users considered their Facebook dependency, are known as salience, tolerance, and conflict.
These results also lead to the conclusion that like most activities, moderation and controlled use are key. So, the
best approach to preparing students for life in a knowledge-based society is to help them exercise self-control
and achieve a level of balance when using Facebook. It is believed that the findings of this study would help
other Facebook researchers by contributing to the limited academic literature in this area.
Running head SOCIAL MEDIA AND CHILDREN DEVELOPMENT1SOCIAL MED.docxagnesdcarey33086
Running head: SOCIAL MEDIA AND CHILDREN DEVELOPMENT 1
SOCIAL MEDIA AND CHILDREN DEVELOPMENT 13
Social Media’s Effect on the Development and Learning Stages of A Child
Nisha Cunningham
Felician University
Social Media’s Effect on the Development and Learning Stages of A Child
Annotated Bibliography
Best, P., Manktelowa, R., & Taylor, B. (2014). Online communication, social media, and adolescent wellbeing: A systematic narrative review. Children and Youth Services Review, 27-36.
The article looks into the growing debate about the effects of online social technologies on children and teenagers. Through an in-depth analysis of empirical research, the authors identify both the benefits and harmful effects of social media on young people. The article gives recommendations on how to minimize adverse impacts and increase the positive effects of social media.
Loureiro, K., Solnet, D., Bolton, R. P., Hoefnagels, A., Migchels, N., & Kabadayi, S. (2013). Understanding Generation Y and their use of social media: a review and research agenda. Journal of Service Management, 245-267.
Social media use has several implications for young people. This article refers to today's younger generation as Generation Y. The authors collect information to show the effects of social media on society, organizations, and individuals. Several research questions are derived to explain social media use in a better way.
Hutter, K., Hautz, J., Dennhardt, S., & Füller, J. (2013). The impact of user interactions in social media on brand awareness and purchase intention: the case of MINI on Facebook. Journal of Product & Brand Management, 342-351.
The article analyzes how social media influences the purchase of products. Through an online survey, the authors indicate how individuals can be talked into buying products over the internet. The authors use a mixed-method research method to show how social media has influenced the marketing of products.
Schwendler, I. L., & Trude, A. (2018). Implementation of Text-Messaging and Social Media Strategies in a Multilevel Childhood Obesity Prevention Intervention: Process Evaluation Results. The Journal of Health Care Organization, Provision, and Financing, 187-198.
Social media has been highly attributed to the increase in obesity in young children. Children are spending more time on social media platforms. Physical exercise has dramatically reduced as more children embrace social media and their major entertainment. The article reviews the use of social media in both increasing and lowering obesity prevalence.
Lewin, C., & Greenhow, C. (2016). Social media and education: reconceptualizing the boundaries of formal and informal learning. Journal of Learning, Media and Technology, 6-30.
Social media has several effects on society. Some people have argued that social media has the potential of creating a bridge between formal and informal learning. Social media affects learning at both levels. This article analyzes the use of .
THE GRATIFICATION AND MISUSE PATTERNS OF FACEBOOK USE AMONG UNDERGRADUATE S...American Research Thoughts
This study explored the consequences of Facebook use in the lives of undergraduate
students and to what extent this social network site was subjective to their everyday requirements. In
this respect 100 college students from Govt. College Dharamshala were randomly chosen and after
reviewing several studies on Facebook use, a questionnaire containing 20 close-ended questions was
framed and circulated them in their free times. The collected data was tabled and analyzed with the
assistance of IBM SPSS 20. Finally, the study summarizes that the undergraduates access Facebook
for various purposes in their everyday life in which, academic search, online shopping, developing
(social) relations, sharing data, chatting, and killing loneliness are primary. The study also confirms
and supports the results of previous studies that the consumption of Facebook influences students’
academic, health and social life both negative and positive manners. It is alarmed that if the
dependency of students on Facebook is not taken seriously by parents, teachers and policymakers, it
would influence their social relationship, health status, moral attitude and academic performance to a
large manner in coming years.
Research report on exceesive use of social media lead to mental health issuesHarsh Vardhan
It is a small research on "can excessive use of social media lead to mental health illness". It consists of the tools we used and types of research we used to conduct this research.
Running head RISK OF SOCIAL MEDIA TO DEVELOPMENT OF ADOLESCENTS .docxtodd521
Running head: RISK OF SOCIAL MEDIA TO DEVELOPMENT OF ADOLESCENTS 1
RISK OF SOCIAL MEDIA TO DEVELOPMENT OF ADOLESCENTS 5
Risk of Social Media to Development of Adolescents
Student’s Name
Institution Affiliation
Social media has a great impact on the lives of adolescents. Some of the effects of social media are good but others negatively influence social, moral, physical and spiritual development of the adolescents. Technological advancements and penetration of the communication networks have made social media, social networking sites and development of the smartphones have made accessibility of the social media platforms such as Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, WhatsApp, WeChat, Qzone, Google and many others readily available to the adolescents. However, there are significant risks that are associated with the use of social media that influence the development of adolescents.
Various studies have been done touching on the effect of social media on the development of adolescents and teenagers. Some studies consider both negative and positive effects of social media. However, in this particular study, we learn more on the risk factors hence we deal more on the negative effects of the social media on the development of the adolescent.
In the study conducted in the year 2019 by Keles, McCrae and Realish, they revealed that in 92% of the teenagers are the active users of social media. This clearly shows that teenagers are the greatest per cent that is the active users of the social media and therefore are mostly affected by social media.
In reviewing further studies to establish how social media can impact the development of the adolescent, Urie Bronfenbrenner makes it clear that type of the environment that people interact in will influence their behavior. This means that social media has the ability to influence adolescents negatively. It is therefore important to evaluate bad behaviors that are related to the use of social media and determine if they are applicable to adolescents.
In one particular study, it was revealed that mental disorders are very common among adolescents. In the United Kingdom, the study revealed that cases of the girls harming themselves had increased by 68%. Many of the cases of mental disorders were correlated to social media. On further analysis, it was identified that majority of the teenagers have multiples social accounts which demand much their attention, some do not have enough time to sleep while on the social media and others have been addicted to the social media which leads cases of the depression among the adolescents (Keles, McCrae & Grealish, 2019).
In another study, cyberbullying has been reported has the common problem of social media. This is the problems that teenagers are suffering in the hands of social media. In the year 2017, Underwood and Ehrenreich established that particular research done in 2014 had identified that 10-40% of the teenagers had reported having suffered from .
THE PROBLEM
The Effects of Unrestricted Usage of Social Media to the Academic Performances
Of Selected G12 SHS-IT Students from PHINMA - Cagayan de Oro College
Background Information of the Study
The presentation will be based on the hypothesis from Research Met.docxlillie234567
The presentation will be based on the hypothesis from Research Methods I,
and will include a finalized methodology to test the hypothesis, planned analyses, and
discussion of potential findings
The Influence of Social Media on Mental Health
Martha Ramsey
Saint Leo University
Research Method II: PSY 535
Instructor Andrea Goldstein
November 4, 2022
1
The Influence of social media on Mental Health
Abstract
It is essential to define social media and mental health to have a meaningful conversation on the impact technology has on people's emotional well-being. One definition of social media is how individuals may discuss and learn more about a range of topics with one another. Video, still images, and sound are just some of the many ways data may be sent. The material provided on these sites has the potential to help people or to cause harm, such as mental health problems or radicalization. YouTube, Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, and Flickr are all examples of well-known social networking sites. Pew predicts that by 2022, 84 percent of U.S. adults will be active on at least one social networking site, up from 5 percentage points in 2002. In the United States, people mainly utilize the social media sites Facebook, Instagram, Pinterest, and Twitter.
Introduction
One cannot imagine current life without the ubiquitous presence of social media. Since it was first created, people have found several ways to put it to use. Social media were designed to facilitate quick one-on-one contact. However, it has steadily been implemented in several industries, including schools, the business world, and hospitals, as a tool for marketing, making it simpler to contact more consumers and prospective clients in a short period. However, social media's negative aspects may harm people's health and well-being. Among the harmful impacts of social media is the rise of mental health problems, according to recent studies. Anxiety, sadness, and mania are just some of the mental health problems that have been linked to excessive social media usage.
People's mental well-being is crucial since it determines how actively they engage in everyday life. Mental health issues may impair an individual's ability to operate and can be triggered by various traumatic experiences, abusive relationships, child maltreatment, unemployment, and failed marriages. Common mental health difficulties include melancholy, inability to sleep, tension, hostility, and suppression of feelings (Coyne et al.,2020). However, mental health encompasses not only physical health but also social and emotional well-being.
Some have suggested that media positively and negatively affect users' mental health. One of social media's most frequently cited advantages is the increased privacy it provides its users. Individuals can feel safe sharing their traumatic experiences, knowing their privacy will be protected. In other words, face-to-face interactions don't necessarily guarantee the same level of ope.
RESEARCH PAPERRESEARCH PAPER1Bruce W. .docxeleanorg1
RESEARCH PAPER
RESEARCH PAPER
1
Bruce W. Norcise
Excelsior College
LA 298 CAPSTONE
How has social Media affected today’s Youth?
Social Media is a prominent part of today's life, especially among young people. Unfortunately, the users of social media do not stop to think about the effects it has on their lives. For instance, people are becoming anti-social while they are at the same time desperate to make more friends on Facebook or get more followers on Twitter. People need to know the impact of social media, both negative and positive, rather than just engage blindly. While there are many positive aspects of social media, the negative aspects are equally many. To help make the right choices, this paper will be an analysis of the effects of social media on youths, and how the negative effects can be handled.
This paper will help youths and parents understand the dangers of social media and know the boundaries they should use as they use it. Failure to do so will cause them to fall to varying traps and dangers that will have negative consequences. Social media is one sector of the internet that is greatly used by criminals. On this site, youths get exposed to cyberbullying, online predators and sexting. These dangers should be discussed to let people know their damaging effects and how they can be avoided. Other than the above-mentioned dangers of using social media, there are effects that are rarely discussed. For instance, teens are not aware of the dangers of exposing their address on public platforms. This paper will expose these dangers and many more as well as provide the most appropriate solutions.
References
Agosto, D., & Abbas, J. (2010). High school seniors' social network and other ict use preferences and concerns. Proceedings of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, 47(1),
Christakis, D. (2006). Media as a public health issue. Editorial. Archives ofPediatric and Adolescent Medicine
Donath, J. (2007). Signals in social supernets. Journal of Computer‐Mediated Communication, 13(1), article
21
Journal of College & Character
The Impact of Social Media on College Students
Jeanna Mastrodicasa, University of Florida
Paul Metellus, University of Florida1
Abstract
There are numerous ways, positive and negative, in which social media impact college students.
Understanding sheer volume of time and the type of activities for which college students use social
networking sites is crucial for higher education administrators. Researchers have begun to empiri-
cally examine impacts on students’ well-being and have found some preliminary results that call for
more research. They find that social media are not the problem—the problem is the specific use and
purpose of social media activities that make the difference.
1 Jeanna Mastrodicasa is assistant vice president for student affairs at the University of Florida. E-mail: [email protected] Paul
Metellus is an undergraduate at.
Impact of Social Media among Students’ Behaviors in Tertiary Institution of A...IJSRP Journal
The impact of social media among students behavior in tertiary institution has become worrisome. Social media is a means of connections among people in which they create, share, and exchange information and ideas in virtual communities and network. This craze for social media has led to a host of question regarding its impact among students behavior particularly in tertiary institution. This paper is set to study the impact of social media among students in tertiary institution in Adamawa State, Nigeria. A 5 likert scale questionnaire comprises of 19 questions was used as an instrument for data collection. 300 respondents sampled from 6 selected tertiary institutions in Adamawa State formed the population of the study. Descriptive statistics was used to analyze the data. The study revealed that social media has positive impact as well as negative impact on students behavior. The study further recommended that students need to be trained on better usage of social media so as to minimize its misused, School management should train and encourage students on how to use skype and other video conferencing tools to have discussion with lecturers and group members academically.
Running head SOCIAL MEDIA AND CHILDREN DEVELOPMENT1SOCIAL MED.docxjeanettehully
Running head: SOCIAL MEDIA AND CHILDREN DEVELOPMENT 1
SOCIAL MEDIA AND CHILDREN DEVELOPMENT 13
Social Media’s Effect on the Development and Learning Stages of A Child
Nisha Cunningham
Felician University
Social Media’s Effect on the Development and Learning Stages of A Child
Annotated Bibliography
Best, P., Manktelowa, R., & Taylor, B. (2014). Online communication, social media, and adolescent wellbeing: A systematic narrative review. Children and Youth Services Review, 27-36.
The article looks into the growing debate about the effects of online social technologies on children and teenagers. Through an in-depth analysis of empirical research, the authors identify both the benefits and harmful effects of social media on young people. The article gives recommendations on how to minimize adverse impacts and increase the positive effects of social media.
Loureiro, K., Solnet, D., Bolton, R. P., Hoefnagels, A., Migchels, N., & Kabadayi, S. (2013). Understanding Generation Y and their use of social media: a review and research agenda. Journal of Service Management, 245-267.
Social media use has several implications for young people. This article refers to today's younger generation as Generation Y. The authors collect information to show the effects of social media on society, organizations, and individuals. Several research questions are derived to explain social media use in a better way.
Hutter, K., Hautz, J., Dennhardt, S., & Füller, J. (2013). The impact of user interactions in social media on brand awareness and purchase intention: the case of MINI on Facebook. Journal of Product & Brand Management, 342-351.
The article analyzes how social media influences the purchase of products. Through an online survey, the authors indicate how individuals can be talked into buying products over the internet. The authors use a mixed-method research method to show how social media has influenced the marketing of products.
Schwendler, I. L., & Trude, A. (2018). Implementation of Text-Messaging and Social Media Strategies in a Multilevel Childhood Obesity Prevention Intervention: Process Evaluation Results. The Journal of Health Care Organization, Provision, and Financing, 187-198.
Social media has been highly attributed to the increase in obesity in young children. Children are spending more time on social media platforms. Physical exercise has dramatically reduced as more children embrace social media and their major entertainment. The article reviews the use of social media in both increasing and lowering obesity prevalence.
Lewin, C., & Greenhow, C. (2016). Social media and education: reconceptualizing the boundaries of formal and informal learning. Journal of Learning, Media and Technology, 6-30.
Social media has several effects on society. Some people have argued that social media has the potential of creating a bridge between formal and informal learning. Social media affects learning at both levels. This article analyzes the use of ...
Running head SOCIAL MEDIA AND CHILDREN DEVELOPMENT1SOCIAL MED.docxinfantkimber
Running head: SOCIAL MEDIA AND CHILDREN DEVELOPMENT 1
SOCIAL MEDIA AND CHILDREN DEVELOPMENT 13
Social Media’s Effect on the Development and Learning Stages of A Child
Nisha Cunningham
Felician University
Social Media’s Effect on the Development and Learning Stages of A Child
Annotated Bibliography
Best, P., Manktelowa, R., & Taylor, B. (2014). Online communication, social media, and adolescent wellbeing: A systematic narrative review. Children and Youth Services Review, 27-36.
The article looks into the growing debate about the effects of online social technologies on children and teenagers. Through an in-depth analysis of empirical research, the authors identify both the benefits and harmful effects of social media on young people. The article gives recommendations on how to minimize adverse impacts and increase the positive effects of social media.
Loureiro, K., Solnet, D., Bolton, R. P., Hoefnagels, A., Migchels, N., & Kabadayi, S. (2013). Understanding Generation Y and their use of social media: a review and research agenda. Journal of Service Management, 245-267.
Social media use has several implications for young people. This article refers to today's younger generation as Generation Y. The authors collect information to show the effects of social media on society, organizations, and individuals. Several research questions are derived to explain social media use in a better way.
Hutter, K., Hautz, J., Dennhardt, S., & Füller, J. (2013). The impact of user interactions in social media on brand awareness and purchase intention: the case of MINI on Facebook. Journal of Product & Brand Management, 342-351.
The article analyzes how social media influences the purchase of products. Through an online survey, the authors indicate how individuals can be talked into buying products over the internet. The authors use a mixed-method research method to show how social media has influenced the marketing of products.
Schwendler, I. L., & Trude, A. (2018). Implementation of Text-Messaging and Social Media Strategies in a Multilevel Childhood Obesity Prevention Intervention: Process Evaluation Results. The Journal of Health Care Organization, Provision, and Financing, 187-198.
Social media has been highly attributed to the increase in obesity in young children. Children are spending more time on social media platforms. Physical exercise has dramatically reduced as more children embrace social media and their major entertainment. The article reviews the use of social media in both increasing and lowering obesity prevalence.
Lewin, C., & Greenhow, C. (2016). Social media and education: reconceptualizing the boundaries of formal and informal learning. Journal of Learning, Media and Technology, 6-30.
Social media has several effects on society. Some people have argued that social media has the potential of creating a bridge between formal and informal learning. Social media affects learning at both levels. This article analyzes the use of ...
THE PROBLEM
The Effects of Unrestricted Usage of Social Media to the Academic Performances
Of Selected G12 SHS-IT Students from PHINMA - Cagayan de Oro College
Background Information of the Study
The Facebook has become an essential part of almost every university students’ daily life, and while a large
number of students seem to get benefits from use of the Facebook by exchanging information for educational
goals, make friends, and other activities, the literature indicates that this social networking site can become
addictive to some university students’ users, which is one of the today’s higher education matters. The aim of this
study, therefore, is to explore the phenomenon of Facebook addiction among university students. Qualitative
study using interview is used to gather data from nine International postgraduates of Universiti Putra Malaysia
and the data established three themes (Compulsion to check Facebook, High frequency use, and Using Facebook
to avoid offline responsibility) relied on the participants interviews. The findings from these three themes
showed that these users considered their Facebook dependency, are known as salience, tolerance, and conflict.
These results also lead to the conclusion that like most activities, moderation and controlled use are key. So, the
best approach to preparing students for life in a knowledge-based society is to help them exercise self-control
and achieve a level of balance when using Facebook. It is believed that the findings of this study would help
other Facebook researchers by contributing to the limited academic literature in this area.
Running head SOCIAL MEDIA AND CHILDREN DEVELOPMENT1SOCIAL MED.docxagnesdcarey33086
Running head: SOCIAL MEDIA AND CHILDREN DEVELOPMENT 1
SOCIAL MEDIA AND CHILDREN DEVELOPMENT 13
Social Media’s Effect on the Development and Learning Stages of A Child
Nisha Cunningham
Felician University
Social Media’s Effect on the Development and Learning Stages of A Child
Annotated Bibliography
Best, P., Manktelowa, R., & Taylor, B. (2014). Online communication, social media, and adolescent wellbeing: A systematic narrative review. Children and Youth Services Review, 27-36.
The article looks into the growing debate about the effects of online social technologies on children and teenagers. Through an in-depth analysis of empirical research, the authors identify both the benefits and harmful effects of social media on young people. The article gives recommendations on how to minimize adverse impacts and increase the positive effects of social media.
Loureiro, K., Solnet, D., Bolton, R. P., Hoefnagels, A., Migchels, N., & Kabadayi, S. (2013). Understanding Generation Y and their use of social media: a review and research agenda. Journal of Service Management, 245-267.
Social media use has several implications for young people. This article refers to today's younger generation as Generation Y. The authors collect information to show the effects of social media on society, organizations, and individuals. Several research questions are derived to explain social media use in a better way.
Hutter, K., Hautz, J., Dennhardt, S., & Füller, J. (2013). The impact of user interactions in social media on brand awareness and purchase intention: the case of MINI on Facebook. Journal of Product & Brand Management, 342-351.
The article analyzes how social media influences the purchase of products. Through an online survey, the authors indicate how individuals can be talked into buying products over the internet. The authors use a mixed-method research method to show how social media has influenced the marketing of products.
Schwendler, I. L., & Trude, A. (2018). Implementation of Text-Messaging and Social Media Strategies in a Multilevel Childhood Obesity Prevention Intervention: Process Evaluation Results. The Journal of Health Care Organization, Provision, and Financing, 187-198.
Social media has been highly attributed to the increase in obesity in young children. Children are spending more time on social media platforms. Physical exercise has dramatically reduced as more children embrace social media and their major entertainment. The article reviews the use of social media in both increasing and lowering obesity prevalence.
Lewin, C., & Greenhow, C. (2016). Social media and education: reconceptualizing the boundaries of formal and informal learning. Journal of Learning, Media and Technology, 6-30.
Social media has several effects on society. Some people have argued that social media has the potential of creating a bridge between formal and informal learning. Social media affects learning at both levels. This article analyzes the use of .
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1. 0
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SOCIAL MEDIA ADDICTION AND SCHOOL
ADJUSTMENT AMONG UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS OF AHMADU BELLO
UNIVERSITY, ZARIA
BY
HARUNA MUHAMMAD PH.D
DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY AND COUNSELLING
FACULTY OF EDUCATION,
AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA
haroonm900@gmail.com 07036194066
&
DR. S.A ADISA
DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY AND COUNSELLING
FACULTY OF EDUCATION,
AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA
NOVEMBER, 2021
2. 1
Abstract
The study examined relationship between social media addiction and school adjustment
among undergraduate students of Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria. The study was guided
by three null hypotheses. Correlational research design was employed in the study. The
population of the study comprised of the entire undergraduate students of the Faculty of
Education, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria their number stands at 5,490. A sample of 357
students was drawn in accordance with Research Advisors (2006). Social Media Addiction
Student Form and School Adjustment Scale were the instruments for data collection. The
hypotheses were statistically tested using Pearson Product Moment Correlation
Coefficient (r). The findings of the study revealed that there is significant inverse
relationship between social media addiction and school adjustment r = -.519; p=.000,
significant difference exists between social media addiction of male and female students
with the mean of 87.41 for female students and 53.68 for male students, p= .005 indicating
female students having higher social media addiction; significant difference exists between
school adjustment of male and female students with the mean of 65.64 for male students
and 42.12 for female students indicating that male students are more adjusted. It is
recommended that undergraduate students should be sensitized on the negative impact of
social media addiction on school adjustment.
Key Word: Social Media Addiction, School Adjustment, Undergraduate Students,
Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria
Introduction
Human beings have fundamental needs to belong and relate, for which interpersonal
communication is the key (Wang, 2013). In recent decades, with the development of
Information Technology, especially with the rapid proliferation of Internet-based social
media (e.g., Facebook, Whatapp, Twitter, Instagram), the ways of interpersonal
communication have drastically changed (Smith & Anderson, 2018). The ubiquitous social
media platforms and the easy access to the Internet bring about the potential for social
media addiction, namely, the irrational and excessive use of social media to the extent that
it interferes with other aspects of daily life. Social media addiction has been found to be
associated with a host of emotional, relational, health, and performance problems
(Griffiths, 2012).
The advancement in information technology and the existence of interactive social media
have occasioned research interest in the area of problematic use of the new forms of
communication and media. Internet Addiction was a coinage of Goldberg (1996) to
3. 2
describe the undesirable consequences emanating from excessive internet usage on
individual lives. Internet addiction shares certain degree of similarity with substance
addiction where addicts suffer mentally and physically. As observed by Griffiths(2000),
this non-substance addiction is however viewed as severe psychological dependency and
behavioural addiction to internet. The concept of addiction follows the medical model.
Addiction, in the medical model relates with bodily and psychological dependence on a
physical substance and not on behavioural pattern. Lemon (2002)argued that addiction
should be widened to cover a broader range of behaviour thus, proposing a subset of
behavioural addiction- the concept of technological addiction. Young (1998) presented a
definition of internet-related disorder called ‘Problematic Internet Use (PIU) and noted that
internet use interfered with addicts’ school adjustment, social lives and professional
performance. Probing further the researcher identified skipping sleep, ignoring family
responsibilities, and showing up late for work as some attendant outcomes. These are
evidences of psychological disorder which meet up with the criteria for impulse control
disorder, mental illness characterized by an uncontrollable desire to perform behaviour
(Lee, 2012).
Young and Rodgers (2015) investigated personality traits of those considered dependent
users of internet and discovered that self-reliant individual has the highest potential in
developing problematic internet uses. Arguing with the cognitive –behavioural theory,
Davis (2001) indicated that both cognitive and behavioural processes work together to
develop negative consequences associated with problematic internet usage. Investigating
some aspects of the addictive potential of social networking sites, Pelling and White
(2010) surveyed 233 teenage students and discovered that addictive tendencies with regard
to social network site were significantly predicted by self-identity and belongingness. This
means that teenagers who identified themselves as social network sites users and those
4. 3
who looked for a sense of belongingness on social sites appeared to be at risk of
developing an addiction to social network sites.
Social media addiction can be viewed as one form of Internet addiction, where individuals
exhibit a compulsion to use social media to excess (Griffiths, 2000). Individuals with
social media addiction are often overly concerned about social media and are driven by an
uncontrollable urge to log on to and use social media (Andreassen & Pallesen, 2014).
Studies have shown that the symptoms of social media addiction can be manifested in
mood, cognition, physical and emotional reactions, and interpersonal and psychological
problems (Balakrishnan & Shamim, 2013). It has been reported that social media addiction
affects approximately 12% of users across social networking sites (Alabi, 2012).
Uses and gratification and media dependency theories shed more light on Internet
addiction and its possible consequences on school adjustment. Uses and gratification is
concerned with what people (audience) do with the media. The theory posits that people
are not passive receivers of media messages but active influencers of the message effect.
That is, the consumers of media messages have the freewill to decide how they will use the
media and how it will affect them. As actively influencing the effect process, media
audiences selectively choose, attend to, perceive and retain media messages. Uses and
gratification theory indicates a positive relationship between social media usage and the
level of gratification derived from such activity. Generally, users of social media are
motivated by similar intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Amarasinghe, (2010) listed five
motives of using social media as: meeting new people, entertainment, social events,
maintaining relationships, and media creation. Media dependency theory attempts to
explain the relationship between the content of the mass media, the nature of the society,
and the communication behaviour of audience. The theory postulates that people are
dependent on the mass media for information needs. Now that social media has become
5. 4
part of people’s daily life, addiction to it has become the resultant effect of over-
dependency on it for information, sensation, entertainment, satisfaction etc. Besides, there
seems to be a relationship between the desire for gratification and dependency. As
submitted by Sung and LaRose, (2004) internet addiction in general is a “habit” that begins
when the “gratification seeking”, becomes a conditioned response to negative effect, then
such behaviour becomes a goal in itself, thus leading to preoccupation with it.
Many studies on social media usage and mental health have shown that the prolonged use
of social media such as Facebook is positively associated with mental health problems
such as stress, anxiety, and depression and negatively associated with long-term well-being
which may in turn affect school adjustment (Eraslan-Capan, 2015). Importantly, frequent
social media usage does not necessarily indicate social media addiction (Griffiths,
2010) and therefore does not always have negative implications for individuals’ mental
health or academic performance (Pasek & Hargittai, 2015). A key distinction between
normal over-engagement in social media that may be occasionally experienced by many
and social media addiction is that the latter is associated with unfavorable consequences,
this means that when online social networking becomes uncontrollable and compulsive
(Andreassen, 2015).
Social adjustment is an effort made by an individual to cope with standards, values and
needs of a society in order to be accepted. It can be defined as a psychological process. It
involves coping with new standards and values thereby getting along with the members of
society as best one can is called social adjustment.
Adjustment could bedescribed as various dimensions of social and interpersonal relations
in society. Therefore, adjustment can be referred to as the reaction to the demands and
pressures of a social setting imposed upon the individual. Social adjustment is an attempt
6. 5
made by an individual to address the standards, values and desires of a society so as to be
accepted. It involves dealing with new standards and values.
Statement of the Problem
Many undergraduate students of Ahmadu Bello University have been observed
manifesting social adjustment problems which is characterised by lack of friendship
among fellow students, nonchalant attitude towards interaction among themselves during
lectures, finding it difficult to relate and express their views and thought in class and
during group discussion, some students try to avoid social gathering as much as possible
leading missing classes, avoiding libraries and or laboratories, shy away from participating
in tutorials and other school social engagements. This maladjusted social behaviour at
school may be due to students’ excessive attachment with social media as the researchers
closely observe undergraduate student through interaction in classrooms, libraries and the
university environment generally and found that the level of social media usage has
become ubiquitous so much so that they become addicted to it. Against this backdrop, this
paper seeks to find out the relationship between social media addiction and social
adjustment among undergraduate students of Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria.
Objectives of the study
This study is based on the following objectives:
1. To determine the relationship between social media addiction and social
adjustment among undergraduate students of Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria.
2. To find out the difference between social media addiction of male and female
undergraduate students of Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria.
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3. To find out the difference between social adjustment of male and female
undergraduate students of Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria.
Hypotheses
The following hypotheses are formulated for the purpose of this study:
1. There is no significant relationship between social media addiction and social
adjustment among undergraduate students of Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria.
2. There is no significant difference between social media addiction of male and
female students of Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria.
3. There is no significant difference between social adjustment of male and female
students of Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria.
Methodology
This study employed correlational study in investigating relationship between social media
addiction and social adjustment among undergraduate students of Ahmadu Bello
University, Zaria. This design was undertaken in order to discover the degree to which
variables are correlated to each other. In correlational design, a collection of data is done in
order to find out whether or not and to what extent a relationship exists between variables.
Shaughnessy, Zechmeister and Jeanne (2011) explain that correlational design is often
used when researcher wants to assess the relationship between independent and dependent
variables. The population of the study comprises of five thousand four hundred and ninety
male and female (5,490) undergraduate students of the Faculty of Education, Ahmadu
Bello University, Zaria with male students comprising of 179 while female students
comprising of 178 respectively. A sample of 357 students was drawn using simple random
sampling technique in congruence with Research Advisors (2006). Social Media Addiction
8. 7
scale and Social Adjustment Scale Adapted From Bell (1994) were the instruments for
data collection. Social Media Addiction Student Form has 20 items while School
Adjustment Scale has 20 items both of them are on five Likert scale ranging from strongly
agree, agree, undecided, disagree to strongly disagree. The instruments were validated by
professionals in the Department of Educational Psychology and Counselling, ABU, Zaria
while the reliability coefficient of the two instruments was established using Cronbach
Alpha. Thus, Social Media Addiction scale has the reliability of .81 and a retest of .86,
while and Social Adjustment Scale has the reliability of .71 and a retest of .76. The
instruments were administered by the researchers and the data were statistically analysed
using Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient Pearson’s (r).
Hypotheses Testing
The following hypotheses were tested at 0.05 level of significance:
Hypothesis 1: There is no significant relationship between social media addiction and
social adjustment among undergraduate students of Ahmadu Bello University.
This hypothesis was analysed with SPSS using Pearson Product Moment Correlation to
determine the relationship between the variables.
Table 1: Pearson Correlation on the Relationship between Social Media Addiction
and social adjustment among Undergraduate students of ABU, Zaria
Variables N Mean SD r p
Social Media Addiction 357 77.2 4.29 -.519 0.000
social Adjustment 357 47.64
Hypothesis tested at 0.05 level of significance
Table 1 shows that significant inverse relationship exists between social media addiction
and social adjustment among undergraduate students of Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria r
= -.519; p=.000. This correlation coefficient indicates that the higher the social media
9. 8
addiction, the lower the social adjustment of students and vice versa. Therefore, the null
hypothesis that states that there is no significant relationship between social media
addiction and social adjustment among undergraduate students of ABU, Zaria is hereby
rejected.
Hypothesis 2: There is no significant difference between social media addiction of male
and female students in Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria.
Table 2: t-test Analysis Comparing Mean Score of Male and Female Students on
Social Media Addiction
Gender N Mean t df MD P
Female 178 87.41 3.443 355 33.73 0.003
Male 179 53.68
Hypothesis tested at 0.05 level of significance
Table 2 shows that there is significant difference between social media addiction of male
and female undergraduate students of Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria with the mean of
87.41 for female students and 53.68 for male students, p= .003. This vindicates that female
students are more addicted to social media than their male counterparts. Therefore, the null
hypothesis which states that there is no significant difference between social media
addiction of male and female students in Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria is hereby
rejected.
Hypothesis 3: There is no significant difference between social adjustment of male and
female students in Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria.
Table 3: t-test Analysis Comparing Mean Score of Male and Female Students on
Social Adjustment
Gender N Mean t df MD P
Male 179 65.64 7.135 355 23.52 0.006
Female 178 42.12
Hypothesis tested at 0.05 level of significance
10. 9
Table 3 shows that there is significant difference between social adjustment of male and
female undergraduate students of Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria with the mean of 65.64
for male students and 42.12 for female students, p= 0.006. The p- value 0.006 is less than
0.05level of significance. This vindicates that male students are more socially adjusted in
school than their female counterparts. Therefore, the null hypothesis which states that there
is no significant difference between social adjustment of male and female students in
Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria is hereby rejected.
Summary of Findings
The following are the summary of findings:
1- There is significant inverse correlation between social media addiction and school
adjustment r = -.518, p =.000.
2- There is significant difference between social media addiction of male and female
undergraduate students with female students more addicted to Internet than their male
counterparts p= .003.
3- There is significant difference between social adjustment of male and female
undergraduate students with male students more adjusted than female counterparts p
=0.006.
Discussion of Findings
This study found significant inverse relationship between social media addiction and social
adjustment among undergraduate students of Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria. This
finding is in line with the finding of Andreassen (2015) who points out that social network
addiction entails four types of adverse consequences: social adjustment problems,
academic performance problems, emotional problems, problems with relationships, and
11. 10
health. Many of the studies cited by Griffiths (2014) also report some of the consequences
of the excessive use of networks: dysfunction in the activities performed during school
period and throughout the day as a result of sleep deprivation, decline in academic
performance and deterioration of relationships with family. Kuss and Griffiths (2011) add
other negative effects such as procrastination, distraction and poor time management.
Interference with other important activities of the individual’s life already indicates a risk
of addiction.
This study found significant difference between social media addiction of male and female
undergraduate of students of Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria. The finding suggests that
female students are more addicted to social media than their male counterparts. This
finding corroborates with Dufour, (2016) who found a greater proportion of the girls made
intense use of social media than boys, whereas a greater proportion of the boys made
intense use of massively multiplayer online role-playing games, online games, and other
sites. This result may be justified considering the fact that most female students in Ahmadu
Bello University, Zaria use Android and expensive phones than boys and that girls prefer
social media interactions thereby sharing pictures, expressing their mood, and their where
about.
This study finally found significant difference between social adjustment of male and
female students in Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria. This finding indicates that male
students are more socially adjusted than their female counterparts. This could be justified
considering the second finding of this study which explained that female students are more
addicted to social media in ABU, Zaria. As such male students could be more socially
adjusted since they are not addicted to social media.
12. 11
Conclusion
Based on the findings of the study, it is concluded that significant inverse relationship
exists between social media addiction and social adjustment among undergraduate students
of Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria. It is also concluded that female students are more
addicted to social media while male students are more socially adjusted in school based on
the empirical evidence put forward by this study.
Recommendations
Based on the conclusion of this study, it is recommended that undergraduate students
should be sensitized on the negative impact of social media addiction on their social
adjustment at school. Educational psychologists and counsellors should employ
psychological techniques such as cognitive restructuring with a view to managing
students’ addiction to social media especially females thereby becoming more socially
adjusted in school.
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