This document discusses principles of new media and digital media, including numerical representation, modularity, automation, variability, and transcoding. It explores how media can be generated from scratch on computers or converted from analog formats through digitization. Examples discussed include films by Dziga Vertov and Peter Greenaway, instruction paintings by Yoko Ono, and how digital data and programs can take analog forms.

3. SM2701 Theories of Interactivity – Class 02 Numerical representation Created from scratch on computers Converted from analog media (digitization) Think about how the animation and ca students work on their projects.

4. SM2701 Theories of Interactivity – Class 02 Numerical representation Created from scratch on computers Converted from analog media (digitization) Can we really tell?

5. SM2701 Theories of Interactivity – Class 02 Generated or digitized?

6. SM2701 Theories of Interactivity – Class 02 Generated or digitized?

7. SM2701 Theories of Interactivity – Class 02 Generated or digitized?

8. SM2701 Theories of Interactivity – Class 02 Generated or digitized?

9. SM2701 Theories of Interactivity – Class 02 Generated or digitized? By Holly Wong

10. SM2701 Theories of Interactivity – Class 02 Generated or digitized?

11. SM2701 Theories of Interactivity – Class 02 Digitization Sampling - temporal Quantization - spatial

12. SM2701 Theories of Interactivity – Class 02 Analog representation of media On Fourier Transform Run the sample at http://www.jhu.edu/%7Esignals/fourier2/index.html

13. SM2701 Theories of Interactivity – Class 02 Digital Sampling of Analog Media Run the sample at http://www.jhu.edu/%7Esignals/sampling/index.html

14. SM2701 Theories of Interactivity – Class 02 How can we compare analog and digital media?

15. SM2701 Theories of Interactivity – Class 02 How can we compare analog and digital media?

16. SM2701 Theories of Interactivity – Class 02 How can we compare analog and digital media?

17. SM2701 Theories of Interactivity – Class 02 How can we compare analog and digital media?

18. SM2701 Theories of Interactivity – Class 02 How can we compare analog and digital media?

19. SM2701 Theories of Interactivity – Class 02 How can we compare analog and digital media?

20. SM2701 Theories of Interactivity – Class 02 Is old media equal to analog media? Half-tone in printing

21. SM2701 Theories of Interactivity – Class 02 Is painting analog?

22. SM2701 Theories of Interactivity – Class 02 Chuck Close

23. SM2701 Theories of Interactivity – Class 02 Chuck Close

24. SM2701 Theories of Interactivity – Class 02 Chuck Close

25. SM2701 Theories of Interactivity – Class 02 Chuck Close

26. SM2701 Theories of Interactivity – Class 02 Chuck Close

27. SM2701 Theories of Interactivity – Class 02 Chuck Close

28. SM2701 Theories of Interactivity – Class 02 Chuck Close

29. SM2701 Theories of Interactivity – Class 02 Chuck Close

30. SM2701 Theories of Interactivity – Class 02 Morse Code

31. SM2701 Theories of Interactivity – Class 02 Morse Code Run the sample at http:// morsecode.scphillips.com/jtranslator.html

32. SM2701 Theories of Interactivity – Class 02 Musical Score

33. SM2701 Theories of Interactivity – Class 02 Musical Score Composition in musical score Performance by the orchestra Recording of the performance

34. SM2701 Theories of Interactivity – Class 02 Dance Score

35. SM2701 Theories of Interactivity – Class 02 Can visual media do the same?

36. SM2701 Theories of Interactivity – Class 02 Can visual media do the same?

37. SM2701 Theories of Interactivity – Class 02 Instruction Paintings By Yoko Ono, 1961 A + B PAINTING Cut out a circle on canvas A. Place a numeral figure, a roman letter, or a katakana on canvas B on an arbitrary point. Place canvas A on canvas B and hang them together. The figure on canvas B may show, may show partially, or may not show. You may use old paintings, photographs, etc. instead of blank canvases.

38. SM2701 Theories of Interactivity – Class 02 Instruction Paintings By Yoko Ono, 1961

39. SM2701 Theories of Interactivity – Class 02 Postscript %! %% Draws a one square inch box and inch in from the bottom left /inch {72 mul} def % Convert inches->points (1/72 inch) newpath % Start a new path 1 inch 1 inch moveto % an inch in from the lower left 2 inch 1 inch lineto % bottom side 2 inch 2 inch lineto % right side 1 inch 2 inch lineto % top side closepath % Automatically add left side to close path fill % Fill in the box on the paper showpage % We're done... eject the page

40. SM2701 Theories of Interactivity – Class 02 Is it a painting? void setup() { size(400,400); smooth(); noLoop(); } void draw() { background(0); ellipse(width/2,height/2,100,100); }

41. SM2701 Theories of Interactivity – Class 02 Is it a computer program? Can a computer program drawing a picture be a piece of artwork?

42. SM2701 Theories of Interactivity – Class 02 Can digital data be analog?

43. SM2701 Theories of Interactivity – Class 02 Can digital data be analog?

44. SM2701 Theories of Interactivity – Class 02 Can digital data be analog?

45. SM2701 Theories of Interactivity – Class 02 Can digital data be analog?

46. SM2701 Theories of Interactivity – Class 02 Can digital data be analog?

47. SM2701 Theories of Interactivity – Class 02 Modularity Object-oriented authoring software Structured programming practice

48. SM2701 Theories of Interactivity – Class 02 Modularity Object-oriented authoring software Structured programming practice How is it related to Automation and Variability?

49. SM2701 Theories of Interactivity – Class 02 Data and logic (algorithm) In computer programming, why do we need to separate clearly data and logic?

50. SM2701 Theories of Interactivity – Class 02 Data and logic (algorithm) In a typical blog or portal website, can you easily identify which is data and which is logic (control)? For example, the SCM web at http:// www.cityu.edu.hk/scm / or my personal blog at http:// www.bryanchung.net /

51. SM2701 Theories of Interactivity – Class 02 Data and logic (algorithm) How is this philosophy different from traditional art practices?

52. SM2701 Theories of Interactivity – Class 02 Database as metaphor of art Huge amount of media elements are stored in databases. Interactivity is achieved through various access paths to the data.

53. SM2701 Theories of Interactivity – Class 02 Examples from film Man with a movie camera Images from http:// en.wikipedia.org

54. SM2701 Theories of Interactivity – Class 02 Examples from film Man with a movie camera

55. SM2701 Theories of Interactivity – Class 02 Examples from film Tulse Luper’s Suitcases Images from http:// www.tulselupernetwork.com/basis.html

56. SM2701 Theories of Interactivity – Class 02 Examples from film Tulse Luper’s Suitcases

57. SM2701 Theories of Interactivity – Class 02 Examples from film Tulse Luper’s Suitcases

58. SM2701 Theories of Interactivity – Class 02 Examples from film Tulse Luper’s Suitcases

59. SM2701 Theories of Interactivity – Class 02 Discussion How should we approach to view these two films?

60. SM2701 Theories of Interactivity – Class 02 More examples Urban Feedback – London and Tokyo

61. SM2701 Theories of Interactivity – Class 02 Is it different?

62. SM2701 Theories of Interactivity – Class 02 Transcoding Try to remember the Letrism exercise a lot of you have done.

63. SM2701 Theories of Interactivity – Class 02 Transcoding Case 1: write a program to turn all the pixel information of a photo into sound with frequency corresponding to the brightness of the pixel. Case 2: write a program to capture the words typed by the participants. For each character, convert it into a colour pixels on the screen.

64. SM2701 Theories of Interactivity – Class 02 Transcoding How would you comment on these two great artworks?