This document proposes a strategy to prevent the onset of Type 2 diabetes in New Zealand by educating intermediate and secondary school students about healthy eating and exercise. The plan involves implementing cooking classes, a loyalty program for healthy school tuck shop foods, interschool sports competitions, a student leadership program, and after-school fitness classes. Success will be measured by monitoring participation in these programs and conducting student surveys. The strategy aims to positively reinforce healthy behaviors using incentives to make them appealing to students.
Cheap vs healthy: Analyzing McDonald’s menu using linear programmingjournalBEEI
The factors that influence food choices nowadays are time, cost and deliciousness. An obvious example is fast food. Although consumers are aware that fast food is not a healthy choice, many still chooses fast food because it is convenient. Therefore in this paper, by using linear programming, we analyzed McDonald’s Malaysia menu in order to find the cheapest menu and the ‘healthiest’ menu. We developed a linear programming model for McDonald’s Malaysia menu which adheres to Malaysia Recommended Nutrient Intake 2017 (RNI 2017). Then we solved the model and proposed the cheapest menu and also the ‘healthiest’ menu that meets the nutrient requirement based on RNI 2017. The result showed that price for the cheapest palatable menu is RM21.69 a day. For set menu, we found that no menu meets this requirement, suggesting that McDonald’s set menu should not be taken three times a day. The price for the ‘healthiest’ McDonald’s menu with the least total of fat, sugar and salt that meets the nutrient requirement is RM42.99 a day.
This was done as a student presentation using photographs & content from various web sites & textbooks on the assumption of fair usage for studying & is for NON-COMMERCIAL purposes.
Community-based educational Intervention improved the diversity of complementary diets in Western Kenya. Community-based educational intervention improved the diversity of complementary diets in Western Kenya: results from a randomized control trial improving the diversity of complementary diets in Western Kenya. Presentation by Lydiah M. Waswa: PhD Student, Justus Liebig University- Giessen
Find out more about this research:
http://www.bioversityinternational.org/news/detail/improving-nutrition-through-local-agricultural-biodiversity-in-kenya/
Cheap vs healthy: Analyzing McDonald’s menu using linear programmingjournalBEEI
The factors that influence food choices nowadays are time, cost and deliciousness. An obvious example is fast food. Although consumers are aware that fast food is not a healthy choice, many still chooses fast food because it is convenient. Therefore in this paper, by using linear programming, we analyzed McDonald’s Malaysia menu in order to find the cheapest menu and the ‘healthiest’ menu. We developed a linear programming model for McDonald’s Malaysia menu which adheres to Malaysia Recommended Nutrient Intake 2017 (RNI 2017). Then we solved the model and proposed the cheapest menu and also the ‘healthiest’ menu that meets the nutrient requirement based on RNI 2017. The result showed that price for the cheapest palatable menu is RM21.69 a day. For set menu, we found that no menu meets this requirement, suggesting that McDonald’s set menu should not be taken three times a day. The price for the ‘healthiest’ McDonald’s menu with the least total of fat, sugar and salt that meets the nutrient requirement is RM42.99 a day.
This was done as a student presentation using photographs & content from various web sites & textbooks on the assumption of fair usage for studying & is for NON-COMMERCIAL purposes.
Community-based educational Intervention improved the diversity of complementary diets in Western Kenya. Community-based educational intervention improved the diversity of complementary diets in Western Kenya: results from a randomized control trial improving the diversity of complementary diets in Western Kenya. Presentation by Lydiah M. Waswa: PhD Student, Justus Liebig University- Giessen
Find out more about this research:
http://www.bioversityinternational.org/news/detail/improving-nutrition-through-local-agricultural-biodiversity-in-kenya/
This is an example of a wellness plan to benefit the school and it's community. The goal is to improve education through improving the health of the students, employees, and members of the community.
Nutrition Education in Primary Schools, Volume 1, The Reader: A Planning Guide for Curriculum Development
`
For more information, Please see websites below:
`
Organic Edible Schoolyards & Gardening with Children
http://scribd.com/doc/239851214
`
Double Food Production from your School Garden with Organic Tech
http://scribd.com/doc/239851079
`
Free School Gardening Art Posters
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159`
`
Companion Planting Increases Food Production from School Gardens
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159
`
Healthy Foods Dramatically Improves Student Academic Success
http://scribd.com/doc/239851348
`
City Chickens for your Organic School Garden
http://scribd.com/doc/239850440
`
Simple Square Foot Gardening for Schools - Teacher Guide
http://scribd.com/doc/239851110
Austin Journal of Public Health and Epidemiology is an open access, peer reviewed, scholarly journal committed to publish articles in all areas of Public Health and Epidemiology. The journal is dedicated to publication of innovative research and reviews subjected to applied, methodological and theoretical issues with emphasis on studies using multidisciplinary or integrative approaches.
Austin Journal of Public Health and Epidemiology aims to progress epidemiological awareness and Public health and also serves as a discussion on the epidemiology of infectious and non-infectious diseases and their control. The outcomes of epidemiologic studies are crucial arguments for action in the ground of public health policies and efforts are made to carry the journal to the decision makers' attention. The journal is also a foundation of material for those who are actively teaching epidemiology.
Austin Journal of Public Health and Epidemiology accepts innovative review articles, research articles, case reports and rapid communication on all the aspects of Public Health and Epidemiology.
Nutritional deficiencies are very common in india as well as in other developing countries.both macro and micro nutrients are not eaten in adequate quantities in india due to poverty and ignorance. A number of national program are there to combat these deficiencies.But unfortunately effective implementation is lacking due to which nutritional deficiency is not being overcome in our country. Now due to covid -19 these are bound to increase
Applying a BPM Approach to Three Similar but Distinct Business Environmentsjamieraut
This session uses a case to explain the application of a reusable Business Process Management BPM approach to differing business environments. The BPM solution, which was created by CSC Consulting, has been and continues to be successfully applied to the lending processes at a major financial services company. The methodology has been applied to two divisions of the company — Commercial (middle market) and Private Client Services — in two parallel initiatives: Credit Process Redesign (CPR) and Lending Process Redesign (LPR). The same model is also currently being applied to a third group focusing on large, complex real estate loans. All three business environments are highly diverse, including multiple accounting and documentation systems and reporting tools, and numerous technical infrastructure systems. The presentation will describe how the reusable BPM process has been applied to develop differing business, technology, and implementation solutions. The speakers will also discuss how the methodology can be applied to new business models.
This is an example of a wellness plan to benefit the school and it's community. The goal is to improve education through improving the health of the students, employees, and members of the community.
Nutrition Education in Primary Schools, Volume 1, The Reader: A Planning Guide for Curriculum Development
`
For more information, Please see websites below:
`
Organic Edible Schoolyards & Gardening with Children
http://scribd.com/doc/239851214
`
Double Food Production from your School Garden with Organic Tech
http://scribd.com/doc/239851079
`
Free School Gardening Art Posters
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159`
`
Companion Planting Increases Food Production from School Gardens
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159
`
Healthy Foods Dramatically Improves Student Academic Success
http://scribd.com/doc/239851348
`
City Chickens for your Organic School Garden
http://scribd.com/doc/239850440
`
Simple Square Foot Gardening for Schools - Teacher Guide
http://scribd.com/doc/239851110
Austin Journal of Public Health and Epidemiology is an open access, peer reviewed, scholarly journal committed to publish articles in all areas of Public Health and Epidemiology. The journal is dedicated to publication of innovative research and reviews subjected to applied, methodological and theoretical issues with emphasis on studies using multidisciplinary or integrative approaches.
Austin Journal of Public Health and Epidemiology aims to progress epidemiological awareness and Public health and also serves as a discussion on the epidemiology of infectious and non-infectious diseases and their control. The outcomes of epidemiologic studies are crucial arguments for action in the ground of public health policies and efforts are made to carry the journal to the decision makers' attention. The journal is also a foundation of material for those who are actively teaching epidemiology.
Austin Journal of Public Health and Epidemiology accepts innovative review articles, research articles, case reports and rapid communication on all the aspects of Public Health and Epidemiology.
Nutritional deficiencies are very common in india as well as in other developing countries.both macro and micro nutrients are not eaten in adequate quantities in india due to poverty and ignorance. A number of national program are there to combat these deficiencies.But unfortunately effective implementation is lacking due to which nutritional deficiency is not being overcome in our country. Now due to covid -19 these are bound to increase
Applying a BPM Approach to Three Similar but Distinct Business Environmentsjamieraut
This session uses a case to explain the application of a reusable Business Process Management BPM approach to differing business environments. The BPM solution, which was created by CSC Consulting, has been and continues to be successfully applied to the lending processes at a major financial services company. The methodology has been applied to two divisions of the company — Commercial (middle market) and Private Client Services — in two parallel initiatives: Credit Process Redesign (CPR) and Lending Process Redesign (LPR). The same model is also currently being applied to a third group focusing on large, complex real estate loans. All three business environments are highly diverse, including multiple accounting and documentation systems and reporting tools, and numerous technical infrastructure systems. The presentation will describe how the reusable BPM process has been applied to develop differing business, technology, and implementation solutions. The speakers will also discuss how the methodology can be applied to new business models.
For this evaluation prepare a power point presentation about your ShainaBoling829
For this evaluation prepare a power point presentation about your health promotion initiative. The length would equal the sections of your paper. For example, if your paper contains 8 sections, your presentation will be 8 slides plus the introduction and references, totaling 10 slides.
1. Describe the health problem. Using data and statistics support your claim that the issue you selected is a problem. What specifically will you address in your proposed health promotion program? Be sure your proposed outcome is realistic and measureable. (1-2 slides).
2. Describe the vulnerable population and setting. What are the risk factors that make this a vulnerable population? Use evidence to support the risk factors you have identified. (1-2 slides).
3. Present your health promotion/disease prevention theoretical framework or conceptual model that would best serve as the framework guiding the proposal. Provide rationale for your selection which includes discussion of the concepts of the selected model. (1 slide).
4. Present your health promotion program using an evidence-based intervention. Include a thorough discussion of the specifics of this intervention which include resources necessary, those involved, and feasibility for a nurse in an advanced role. Be certain to include a timeline. (1-2 slides)
5. Describe your intended outcomes. Describe the outcomes in detail concurrent with the SMART goal approach. (1-2 slides).
6. Present your plan for evaluation for each outcome. (1-2 slides).
7. Thoroughly describe possible barriers/challenges to implementing the proposed project as well as strategies to address these barriers/challenges. (1-2 slides).
Follow the rule of 7 of professional presentations: Use no more than 7 lines of text per slide, with around 7 words per line. Explanations would be added to the notes sections or as a separate paper.
Running head: ASSIGNMENT 2
ASSIGNMENT 2
Assignment 2 SMART Goal Planning Form
Nutrition
Florida National University
Alina Rivero
Health Promotion and Role Development in Advanced Nursing Practice
Professor: Alexander Garcia Salas
February 16, 2022
Smart Goal Planning Form
When children are knowledgeable about the adverse effects of unhealthy nutrition on their health and the risk of complications brought by their diabetes conditions, there will be reduction of the risks and other associated complications to ensure that healthy body weight and a low BMI are attained by consumption of healthy diets within three months.
Running head: HEALTH PROMOTION PROGRAM 2
HEALTH PROMOTION PROGRAM 2
Health Promotion Program
Alina Rivero Paret
Florida National University
April 09, 2022
Obesity is defined as a disorder that involves excess fat that leads to an increase in the risk of health issues. This condition results from the consumption of more calories than those which are burned through exercise activities or normal daily activities. A person is confirmed to be having obes ...
Running head PUBLIC HEALTH 1 PUBLIC .docxjeanettehully
Running head: PUBLIC HEALTH 1
PUBLIC HEALTH 4
Public health
Daysha Snipes
South University
PHE6404
Abstract
Obesity among American Hispanic females between the ages of twenty and sixty-four years old is the new health inequality in the United States. Food, physical activity, and obesity are one of these twelve leading health indices categorized as important national health issues by Healthy People 2020. Obesity is classified as anyone who surpasses substance mass indicator (BMI ) of thirty. According to females' wellness, three at four American females are overweight or obese. History of woman in Sports For most human history, healthy rivalry has been considered as an entirely masculine thing. Females weren't allowed to see most sporting events. Let only act in them. Not till late nineteenth century did females start participating in sporting events. Although females were allowed to participate in some sports, relatively few showed benefit, for a variety of cultural and mental reasons that are even poorly understood.
Although the fast gains seen in fat since the 1970s seem to have leveled off, Fat and obesity continue to take severe issues in the United States. Increasing physical activity and improving food are keys to fat prevention and control, in addition to policies that alter the situation to make wholesome eating and healthy physical activity more comfortable, safer, and more pleasing are expected to take most effective.
· Campaigns relying mainly on knowledge distribution and training to alter attitudes and behaviors associated with food and physical activity are the great importance of government action to ensure obesity. One might believe that the American world is flooded with media pictures that encourage fitness and inform about the risks of obesity (ONYECHERE, 2014).
· The overall population knows that mediocre food, lack of physical activity and fat are causing many health issues. The CDC is undertaking The problematic public health issue starting with schools, which should offer The quality nutrition system and ensure only healthful foods and drinks are available to students. As part of obesity prevention, multiple organizations will assist people recognize their body mass index, keep a healthy weight and incorporate physical activity into their lives (Raimond, 2013).
· The objective within its endeavors to advance the building food surroundings, encourage student health, in addition to decrease early days obesity, this region can hold on to the ADE principle Governing food in addition to Physical Activity Standards as well as Body Mass Index for the Age Assessment Protocols. To encourage diet, physical activity, in addition to other education-based events that can progress student health, the region, working with the SNPAAC, Has demonstrated the following goals: Use the level suitable nutrition training system that can create the consciousness of as well as understanding for food as well as physical activity ...
Angella Gordon Work Plan Proposal Grand .docxdaniahendric
Angella Gordon
Work Plan Proposal
Grand Canyon University
12/06/19
Community Teaching Work Plan Proposal
Planning and Topic
Directions: Develop an educational series proposal for your community using one of the following four topics:
1. Bioterrorism/Disaster
2. Environmental Issues
3. Primary Prevention/Health Promotion
4. Secondary Prevention/Screenings for a Vulnerable Population
Planning Before Teaching:
K. Paul Nurse Practitioner
Estimated Time Teaching Will Last: 2 hours
Location of Teaching: Classroom
Supplies, Material, Equipment Needed: Pamphlets, presentation
Estimated Cost: $20,000
Community and Target Aggregate: Teenagers in 9th to 12th grade
Topic: A Community Education Program for the Primary Prevention of Diabetes.
Identification of Focus for Community Teaching
The focus of this community teaching program is health promotion/primary prevention for Type 2 Diabetes. Health promotion initiatives involve processes of enabling people within certain communities to increase their control of their health. Health promotion activities such as the planned diabetes prevention education aim to help people to improve their health so that they can achieve a better state of physical, mental, and social wellbeing. In particular, this teaching program will help the targeted community to understand the risks of diabetes and the measures that they must take to prevent Type 2 diabetes, which is a lifestyle related illness.
Epidemiological Rationale for Topic
Type 2 diabetes is a significant health issue that affects most populations globally. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), over 422 million people suffer from Type 2 Diabetes in the world. This represents a significant increase from the 108 million value recorded in 1980 (WHO, 2018). The United States also has an increasing prevalence trend similar to the global statistics. Type 2 Diabetes is one of the leading public health issues affecting the U.S. population. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) estimates that 9.6% of the population, representing around 21 million people in the United States have Type 2 Diabetes. Almost 1.3 million adults are diagnosed with his health condition every year (American Diabetes Association, 2017). Diabetes is also a leading cause of mortality in the United States. Georgia, which is the community of focus for this teaching program also reflects the same trends when it comes to diabetes prevalence. It is estimated that 1 in every 10 adults in Georgia has diabetes. The rates of diabetes in this state have increased by at least 50% since 2000 (Georgia Department of Health, 2015). Therefore, there is a need for health promotion to help people prevent the development of Type 2 diabetes.
Teaching Plan Criteria
Your teaching plan will be graded based on its effectiveness and relevance to the population selected. This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to b ...
THE NUTRITION THERAPY IN DIABETIC PATIENTS: A REVIEWPARUL UNIVERSITY
Diabetes Mellitus is one of the leading metabolic disorders in the world with many complications. The
management of Diabetes Mellitus can prevent many chronic diseases like stroke, myocardial infarction, diabetic
nephropathy, neuropathy and obesity. An appropriate dietary changes and lifestyle changes have proven to be
effective in the preventing and management of this disorder.Medical nutrition therapy (MNT) is an essential
component of diabetes management that comprises counseling and recommendations for dietary intake and nutrition
goals by a registered dietician (RD) or a nutrition expert to optimize metabolic control and maximize treatment
outcomes. The designing of the diet according to the nutrional needs of an individual and regular monitoring by a
dietician can provide effective results in the management. The counseling with the patient provides the detailed
information about the diet and the modifications in the diet can be made according to the age, weight, glucose level
and physical activity. The desired goal of the blood pressure, blood glucose, triglycerides can be achieved by
following the diet plan.
Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes Mallitus A Focus on Physical Activity and Lifes...YogeshIJTSRD
Diabetes is a costly disease affecting 387 million individuals globally and 28 million in the United States. Its precursor, prediabetes, Exercise is important to help prevent type 2 diabetes and has so many other benefits. It can help you keep lost weight off, and improve your heart health, and if you’re insulin resistant, it can help increase your bodys response to insulin exercise so you will have better blood glucose control. Drinking water throughout the day is always good to keep your organs and skin healthy. Of course, getting some fluid before, during and after exercise is just as important to avoid becoming dehydrated. Laxmi Kumari Yadav "Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes Mallitus: A Focus on Physical Activity and Lifestyle Changes" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd43839.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/zoology/43839/prevention-of-type-2-diabetes-mallitus-a-focus-on-physical-activity-and-lifestyle-changes/laxmi-kumari-yadav
Perspectives of Nursing in the Care of the Patient with Diabetes Mellitus-Cr...CrimsonPublishersIOD
Perspectives of Nursing in the Care of the Patient with Diabetes Mellitus by Belkis Gelvez,, Maribel Osorio, Freddy Contreras and Manuel Velasco in Interventions in Obesity & Diabetes
Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
MANAGEMENT OF ATRIOVENTRICULAR CONDUCTION BLOCK.pdfJim Jacob Roy
Cardiac conduction defects can occur due to various causes.
Atrioventricular conduction blocks ( AV blocks ) are classified into 3 types.
This document describes the acute management of AV block.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdfAnujkumaranit
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. It encompasses tasks such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI technologies are revolutionizing various fields, from healthcare to finance, by enabling machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
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Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
Prix Galien International 2024 Forum ProgramLevi Shapiro
June 20, 2024, Prix Galien International and Jerusalem Ethics Forum in ROME. Detailed agenda including panels:
- ADVANCES IN CARDIOLOGY: A NEW PARADIGM IS COMING
- WOMEN’S HEALTH: FERTILITY PRESERVATION
- WHAT’S NEW IN THE TREATMENT OF INFECTIOUS,
ONCOLOGICAL AND INFLAMMATORY SKIN DISEASES?
- ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ETHICS
- GENE THERAPY
- BEYOND BORDERS: GLOBAL INITIATIVES FOR DEMOCRATIZING LIFE SCIENCE TECHNOLOGIES AND PROMOTING ACCESS TO HEALTHCARE
- ETHICAL CHALLENGES IN LIFE SCIENCES
- Prix Galien International Awards Ceremony
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Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility...Sujoy Dasgupta
Dr Sujoy Dasgupta presented the study on "Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility? – The unexplored stories of non-consummation" in the 13th Congress of the Asia Pacific Initiative on Reproduction (ASPIRE 2024) at Manila on 24 May, 2024.
The prostate is an exocrine gland of the male mammalian reproductive system
It is a walnut-sized gland that forms part of the male reproductive system and is located in front of the rectum and just below the urinary bladder
Function is to store and secrete a clear, slightly alkaline fluid that constitutes 10-30% of the volume of the seminal fluid that along with the spermatozoa, constitutes semen
A healthy human prostate measures (4cm-vertical, by 3cm-horizontal, 2cm ant-post ).
It surrounds the urethra just below the urinary bladder. It has anterior, median, posterior and two lateral lobes
It’s work is regulated by androgens which are responsible for male sex characteristics
Generalised disease of the prostate due to hormonal derangement which leads to non malignant enlargement of the gland (increase in the number of epithelial cells and stromal tissue)to cause compression of the urethra leading to symptoms (LUTS
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