Towards Android Automation: Screen Vision and Software Touch
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This document discusses automation of Android devices. It describes existing automation methods like AutoHotkey that emulate mouse/keyboard. It also discusses light automation for Android using Tasker to run apps and click locations. The document proposes taking screenshots to analyze screens and using software touches to emulate clicks. It envisions a full automated system that uses screenshots, decision making scripts, and touch emulation to loop through tasks without human interaction. The goal is to automate Android devices for applications like load balancing networks and building infrastructure using mobile devices.
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Cloud services are rapidly expanding to devices at network edge where they are referred to as fog clouds. User smartphones, portable WiFi devices, vehicles, etc., can be easily incorporated into fog clouds. However, proliferation has been slow mainly because the 3G/LTE connections used by such devices to connect to the cloud are congested and cannot provide satisfactory throughput. This problem can be resolved when devices are grouped, their 3G/LTE resources are pooled and their virtual use is optimized within the group. This paper is the first known attempt to propose a minimal secure protocol for forming groups of WiFi IoT devices. The minimal requirement is that the pairwise handshake is a 3-party transaction, with the cloud being both the facilitator of the transaction as well as the only trusted party. The handshake starts at the level of WiFi Access Points (hotspots) but, once paired, the devices are assumed to use P2P WiFi in parallel with the active 3G/LTE connection, i.e. as part of a GroupConnect session. The proposal is implemented and successfully tested on Android devices. Ā
The Switchboard Optimization Problem and Heuristics for Cut-Through Networking
The Switchboard Optimization Problem and Heuristics for Cut-Through NetworkingTokyo University of Science
With software defined networking rapidly becoming industry default, the cut-through mode of switching is becoming increasingly harder to achieve in practice. On the other hand, cut-through networking remains firmly in focus in several fields where top network performance is required, where supercomputing and datacenter interconnect are two popular examples. In earlier work, cut-through mode on end-to-end paths was achieved by emulating circuit switching over traditional packet networks. This paper focuses on communication nodes themselves and attempts to solve the practical problem that datacenters encounter when implementing end-to-end circuits. This paper models the problem as an N-by-M switchboard, where N is the number of physical ports and M is the number of ports that compete for the bandwidth on each port in N. The optimization problem is of the bin-packing variety with unique aspects related to the cut-through mode. This paper solves the problem using Genetic Algorithm and proposes an effective heuristic to speed up the optimization.Ā
The Switchboard Traffic Engineering Problem for Mixed Contention/Cut-Through ...
The Switchboard Traffic Engineering Problem for Mixed Contention/Cut-Through ...Tokyo University of Science
Recent literature on traffic control in datacenter intra- and interconnect has moved from optical burst switching and FCoE to the cut-through mode enforced e2e on commodity ethernet lines. E2e cut-through sessions -- aka, effectively, circuits -- are implemented as optimized schedules in which bulk transfer sessions are mixed with a large number of small flows. This paper presents a new optimizational viewpoint, formulated as the Switchboard Traffic Engineering Problem (STEP). First, the mixed schedule of input flows is mapped to a finite number of (physical) output lines some of which are implemented as (physical) e2e cut-through paths. The second part of the problem is to physically shuffle input ports (hence the switchboard) on switches with output lines in such a way that overall contention is minimized. This paper deals with the formulation of the optimization problem and leaves the otherwise obvious (robotics) implementation of the shuffling part of the technology to future publications. Ā
Bulk-n-Pick Method for One-to-Many Data Transfer in Dense Wireless Spaces
Bulk-n-Pick Method for One-to-Many Data Transfer in Dense Wireless SpacesTokyo University of Science
The document proposes a Bulk-n-Pick method for one-to-many data transfer in dense wireless spaces. It begins by outlining problems with congested WiFi networks and inefficient HTTP requests. The solution involves pushing data to clients using circuits rather than individual packet pulls, which reduces overhead. The Bulk-n-Pick method bulk transfers data then allows clients to pick relevant portions, improving throughput. Modeling suggests it completes transfers much faster than traditional methods, especially with multiple parallel sessions. The approach reintroduces benefits of circuits for bulk data transfer over wireless networks.Ā
Fog Cloud Caching at Network Edge via Local Hardware Awareness Spaces
Research on Content Delivery Networks (CDNs) offers a number of effective methods for caching of content replicas or forwarding requests. Clouds, however, present a new kind of distribution environment as each location can support multiple caching options varying in the level of persistence of stored content. This paper proposes a distributed caching technology specific to fog clouds which, by definition, consist of a high number of loosely controlled heterogeneous locations. To deal with the heterogeneity problem and, at the same time, avoid centralized control, this paper proposes a function that allows CDN applications to discover local caching facilities dynamically, at runtime. For simplicity, this paper analyzes the case when each location offers two caching options: VM-based for each app and location-global shared by all local apps. Analysis in this paper shows that the new method can reduce inter-cloud traffic by between 16 and 18 times while retaining less than 30% of total content in a local cache.
On a Hybrid Packets-and-Circuits Switching Logic
The packets versus circuits argument is several decades old. Back in the day, what we today refer to as all-IP networking was justified for its efficiency over the circuit-based telephone networks. The analysis was performed on ON-OFF sources for voice (phone calls) and packets came out to be almost twice as efficient. Modern traffic follows the hotspot distribution, where the hotspots -- also known as elephant flows, bulk transfer, etc. -- have higher value than other flows and therefore require higher efficiency. The highest possible efficiency for bulk transfer can be achieved using circuit switching, implemented on IP networks via the cut-through switching mode. This paper proposes a new switching logic which assumes that NOC has both packet and circuit lines and strives to optimize the newly defined efficiency accordingly.
Image-Related Uses for Roadside Infrastructure \\ based on Wireless Beacons
Image-Related Uses for Roadside Infrastructure \\ based on Wireless BeaconsTokyo University of Science
Roadside infrastructure is traditionally assumed to be based on IEEE 802.15 which defines the various opportunistic and cognitive elements necessary for vehicle-specific mobility. However recent advances in wireless technology -- specifically, the fact the Beacons have become highly accessible both on commodity devices and in readily available software -- opens the path towards minimizing the size of roadside infrastructure while also simplifying individual nodes. This paper discusses a case when relatively fewer roadside network nodes are put to the task of having to collect image data from a much larger number of roadside cameras. Collection is happening via vehicles which are used as sync packets between camera and network nodes. Communication is happening solely via beacons using beacon stuffing when necessary. Special attention is paid to short-term communication and contention when wireless density is high.Ā
Complexity Resolution Control for Context Based on Metromaps
Metromaps are recognized well in visualization research but are rarely found in applied technologies. Earlier works showcased metromaps as a valid tool for human-robot hybrid learning when mining Big Data. This paper goes one step further and shows that metromaps are good for controlling complexity in search/state space. To accomplish this, any generic context is represented as train lines and stations, where stations can be shared by one or more train lines. Complexity is controlled by focusing on a given station and defining resolution in terms of hop-length on e2e paths to other stations in the overall metromap.
The Declarative-Coordinated Model for Self-Optimization of Service Networks
The Declarative-Coordinated Model for Self-Optimization of Service NetworksTokyo University of Science
NGN statement on e2e network performance froze in 2008 with the Y.2173 (former Y.mnm) standard which specified a method for coordination across domains, involving active probing, parsing and sharing results, etc. Today, it is widely accepted that future network functions is to be virtualized and controlled by software. However, virtual switches -- the best models of which to the day are based on MiniOS/ClickOS/ClickRouter designs -- mimic the blackboxing policy found in clouds. This paper shows that if this policy is revoked in favor of declarative coordination, complexity for optimization of overlaying service networks can be substantially reduced. The proposed case is represented by domains declaring their resources/capabilities (e.g. e2e throughput and delay) openly, thus allowing service networks to coordinate among each other. Traditional approach is represented by the VNE optimization problem.Ā
3-Way Scripts as a Practical Platform for Secure Distributed Code in Clouds
3-Way Scripts as a Practical Platform for Secure Distributed Code in CloudsTokyo University of Science
3-Way Scripts are simple code units which can automatically respond to (1) class instantiation and function calls, (2) calls on command line, (3) web API calls. The key merit is that all the three methods are handled by the same code without any additional overhead. In additional to the core idea of 3-way scripting, this paper also adds a security feature for the web API function in form of generation and handling of keys across multiple instances of code running at multiple locations. The main objective for the security features is the same as core idea -- to minimize the coding overhead and maximize simplicity and flexibility. The proposed design is showcased as a practical solution for cloud applications which consist of a large number of independent and loosely coupled instances of the same code. In current practice, this showcase is close in nature to popular scale-out platforms like Docker and Heroku.Ā
Towards Social Robotics on Smartphones with Simple XYZV Sensor Feedback
Social Robotics normally assumes visual feedback between robotic trainees and human trainers. Given that robots rarely have adequate visual perception/recognition, such systems are noisy and prone to judgment errors. One way to resolve this problem is to simplify the communication channel between humans and robots. This paper uses simple gravity+motion XYZV sensors ubiquitous in modern personal devices -- smartphones in particular -- to power gait-based exo-systems (power leg assist, etc). This paper discusses current work in progress on this topic, specifically (1) gait modeling and recognition of kick-in moments for hardware, (2) use of the XYZV channel in both directions, allowing humans to send feedback in realtime, (3) social robotics constructs and methods that support maximum flexibility in applications of the otherwise traditionally narrow-purpose hardware systems.
Back to Rings but not Tokens: Physical and Logical Designs for Distributed Fi...
Back to Rings but not Tokens: Physical and Logical Designs for Distributed Fi...Tokyo University of Science
Previous research has solidified the core idea referred to as circuit emulation. The chief premise is that bulk transfer -- Big Data shards, for a practical example -- can achieve the best e2e throughput when all the switches along the path are in the cut-through mode, as opposed to the store-and-forward mode when under any form of contention. Most networking technology in the world today, including network virtualization (SDN, NFV, etc.) runs under contention. This paper looks into physical and logical network designs that provide a degree of control over contention which, in turn, creates room for efficient scheduling of e2e circuits. The unit of new mode of networking is a ring, but -- rather than the comeback of Token Rings, this paper will talk about partially overlapping asynchronous rings.Ā
Browser Visualization using PNGs Generated by HTML5 Workers on Multicore
Browser Visualization using PNGs Generated by HTML5 Workers on MulticoreTokyo University of Science
The document proposes a browser-based visualization system that aggregates performance data from multiple sources using HTML5 workers to generate PNG images on multiple CPU cores. This allows for dynamic, flexible, asynchronous and interactive graphics rendering within the browser by exploiting modern multicore hardware. Experimental results show the system can update screen sections below 50ms for small PNGs but sluggish updates of 500ms for large PNGs, with the optimal configuration being 500x500 PNGs generated by any number of workers.Ā
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- 2. . Theory of Android Automation M.Zhanikeev -- maratishe@gmail.com -- Towards Android Automation: Screen Vision and Software Touch -- http://bit.do/marat150525 2/10 ... 2/10
- 3. . Traditional Automation (AutoHotkey) ā¢ AutoHotkey ā¦ mouse click emulation ā¦ keyboard emulation ā¦ run/switch apps ā¦ ... ā¢ very useful in research -- software agents replace human operators M.Zhanikeev -- maratishe@gmail.com -- Towards Android Automation: Screen Vision and Software Touch -- http://bit.do/marat150525 3/10 ... 3/10
- 4. . Existing Android Automation (light) ā¢ "move app to SD" can only be done manually ā¢ ...so, as a light form of automation, one can 1. run system.prefs window 2. wait 1s, then, stick a balloon at (x,y) M.Zhanikeev -- maratishe@gmail.com -- Towards Android Automation: Screen Vision and Software Touch -- http://bit.do/marat150525 4/10 ... 4/10
- 5. . Android Tasker ā¢ often called "android autohotkey", but grossly lacking in function M.Zhanikeev -- maratishe@gmail.com -- Towards Android Automation: Screen Vision and Software Touch -- http://bit.do/marat150525 5/10 ... 5/10
- 6. . A Screenshot App for Vision ā¢ useful, even if you have a native screenshot function ā¢ for example, you can take screenshots with a delay M.Zhanikeev -- maratishe@gmail.com -- Towards Android Automation: Screen Vision and Software Touch -- http://bit.do/marat150525 6/10 ... 6/10
- 7. . Task Setup M.Zhanikeev -- maratishe@gmail.com -- Towards Android Automation: Screen Vision and Software Touch -- http://bit.do/marat150525 7/10 ... 7/10
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- 9. . The Big Picture ā¢ in my case, basically, I need it for 3G/LTE+WiFiDirect virtualization 01 ā¦ load balancing, background processing ā¢ usecase 1: throughput maximization for groups at a university campus 03 ā¢ usecase 2 : vehicular nets and ultimately clouds 02 . core idea .. . build infrastructure with android devices/OS at the core 01 myself+0 "Virtual Wireless User: ...Parallel MultiConnect Using WiFi Direct..." 10th MobiQuitous Springer LNICS vol.131 (2013) 03 myself+0 "Group Connect in a New Wireless University Campus" IEICE SRē (2014) 02 myself+0 "The Vobile Cloud : Cars are Better for Mobile Clouds and Group Connect" IEICE ITSē (2014) M.Zhanikeev -- maratishe@gmail.com -- Towards Android Automation: Screen Vision and Software Touch -- http://bit.do/marat150525 9/10 ... 9/10
- 10. . Thatās all, thank you ... M.Zhanikeev -- maratishe@gmail.com -- Towards Android Automation: Screen Vision and Software Touch -- http://bit.do/marat150525 10/10 ... 10/10