Hydroponic gardens are becoming increasingly popular among home gardeners. Hydroponics involves growing plants in a nutrient solution rather than soil. Local garden centers provide supplies to create a basic passive hydroponic system at home without expensive equipment. The key elements are suspending the plant roots above nutrient solution, maintaining high humidity, using a precisely mixed nutrient formula, aerating the solution to prevent algae, and providing sufficient light, which can now be done efficiently with LED grow lights.

2. Hydroponic gardens are becoming increasingly popular with the home
gardening enthusiast. The art of growing plants in a controlled indoor
environment is as old as greenhouses, but hydroponics and LED grow
Lights have added pure science to the mix.
The term hydroponics was coined in the 1930s during a period extensive
agriculture research. Scientists were testing the viability of using nutrient
solutions and soil-less growing methods for large-scale indoor crop
production.
Local garden centers should have everything the private enthusiast would
need to create their own home hydroponic garden, from complete systems
to components, supplies and advice. The basics are easy to master, and a
passive home hydroponic system can be created without the need to buy a
lot of expensive equipment.

3. Hydroponics has come a long way since then. Advances in chemical
science have resulted in the development of nearly fail-safe nutrient
solution formulas that practically guarantee crop yields, and the advent of
plastics technology vastly reduced costs and increased efficiency. Today
commercially grown hydroponic crops can be found in every supermarket,
and as knowledge of the technology spreads, more home gardening
enthusiasts are trying their hands at creating a home hydroponic garden.
In a passive hydroponic system the nutrient solution does not have to be
constantly circulated as in more sophisticated set ups. All that is needed is a
closed container to house the nutrient solution, a means of suspending the
plants and root systems within the container and a small aeration pump,
such as an aquarium pump, to keep the nutrient solution oxygenated. In
most systems the root mass of the plant is supported in an inert and
integrated medium.

4. This can be anything from perlite to sterilized gravel or sand to rockwool
to various synthetics. Inventive improvisers have even used old nylons to
suspend plants in a hydroponic system.
The first key is to suspend the root mass just above the surface of the
nutrient solution and to keep the humidity levels within the closed
nutrient container at or near 100 percent. The roots will grow out of the
integrated suspension material to reach the nutrient solution, but require
near absolute humidity levels to do so.
The second key essential is to use a precisely mixed nutrient solution.
Experienced hydroponic gardeners often mix their own formulas, but for
the beginner it’s often best to use a prepared mix available at most garden
supply centers.

5. The third key essential is air. The nutrient solution must be kept
oxygenated and circulated or it can become contaminated by algae and kill
the plants it is supposed to nurture.
The fourth essential key is light. Healthy plants need light of sufficient
intensity and spectral bandwidth to achieve photosynthesis. The use of
bulky and power-hungry gas-discharge lamps have traditionally been used
for indoor growing applications, but today technology has come to the
rescue again and the home gardener has access to LED grow lights.
Modern LED grow lights are powerful enough to provide light of the
proper intensity and spectrum for healthy plant growth, and use a fraction
of the energy of traditional grow light systems.

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