1. English is an essential foreign language for Russian students in New Zealand Harold_pres.ppt Language dominance Or Career opportunity

2. Crystal describes the links between language dominance, cultural power and the concept of English as a Global Language. “ British political imperialism had sent English around the globe, during the nineteenth century,…During the twentieth century, this world presence was maintained and promoted,…through the economic supremacy of the new American superpower. And the language behind the US dollar was English.” Crystal, D.,(1997). Extracted from: English as a global language. p.8 (Study Guide, Unit H, pp. 193-214)

3. During Soviet Era English used only by the elite and not by the average people Post Soviet Era Students embraced English as an opportunity to improve career pathways and so many travelled to English speaking countries including New Zealand