This summary provides the key information from the document in 3 sentences: The document discusses using Python Fabric to automate system administration tasks across multiple servers. It describes how Fabric allows defining tasks that can be run remotely on sets of hosts, with features like parallel execution, host grouping, and loading host configurations from files. Examples show how to define tasks for operations like uploading files, restarting services, and using common libraries for tasks like installing packages.

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7. from fabric.api import *
@task
def hostname():
run('hostname')
@task
def upload_module():
put('~/works/webapp/lib', '/home/user/webapp/')
@task
def download_logs():
get('/home/user/webapp/log/access.log')
@task
def reboot_httpd():
sudo('/sbin/service httpd restart')

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12. from fabric.api import *
from fabric.contrib.files import *
import cuisine
from pit import Pit
cuisine.select_package('yum')
@task
def create_user():
with settings(user='root'):
cuisine.user_ensure('ssmjp')
append('/etc/sudoers', 'ssmjp ALL=(ALL) ALL')
cuisine.ssh_authorize('ssmjp', cuisine.file_local_read('~/.ssh/ssmjp.pub'))
conf = Pit.get('ssmjp-user', { 'require': { 'password': 'Your password' } })
cuisine.user_passwd('ssmjp', conf['password'])
@task
def install_packages():
with settings(user='root'):
cuisine.package_ensure('nginx')

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env.use_ssh_config = True

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def diff_hosts():
tempdir = run('mktemp -d')
try:
tempfile = '%s/hosts' % tempdir
put('/etc/hosts', tempfile)
run('diff -u /etc/hosts %s' % tempfile, warn_only=True)
finally:
run('rm -r %s' % tempdir)

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└── fabfile/
├── __init__.py
├── foo.py
└── math.py
__init__.py
import foo
import math

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@task
def calc_add(x, y):
'''
add two integer
'''
print '%d + %d = %d' % (int(x), int(y), int(x) + int(y))

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env.hosts = ['server1', 'server2']

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env.roledefs = {
'web': ['web01','web02'],
'db': ['db01']
}

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import yaml
def load_servers(filename):
config_yaml = open(filename).read()
config = yaml.load(config_yaml)
roledefs = config['roles']
all_hosts = []
for role in roledefs:
all_hosts.extend(roledefs[role])
roledefs['all'] = all_hosts
return roledefs
env.roledefs.update(load_servers('./servers.yaml'))

23. servers.yaml
roles:
even:
- conoha01.poi.jp
- conoha03.poi.jp
odd:
- conoha02.poi.jp

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host01
host02
host03
import re
def expand_hosts(hosts):
new_hosts = []
for host in hosts:
m = re.search('[(d+)-(d+)]', host)
if m:
pre = host[:m.start()]
post = host[m.end():]
prec = len(m.group(1))
for n in range(int(m.group(1)), int(m.group(2)) + 1):
new_hosts.append(pre + ('%%0%dd' % prec % n) + post)
else:
new_hosts.append(host)
return new_hosts
env.hosts = expand_hosts(env.hosts)