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Skeletal+System.pdf yurrrrrrhdshe if si ekebr
- 2. — Functions to: —Support the body — Protect organs — Allows movement — Stores minerals (mostly calcium!) — Forms blood cells
- 3. — There are206 bones in the body! — Fetus has 350 bones — Separated into axial and appendicular skeleton
- 4. — Bones consistof living cells surrounded by deposits of minerals. — Periosteum – outer layer of connective tissue — Compact bone - consists of tubes called Haversian canals (contain blood vessels and nerves)
- 5. — Spongy bone- adds strength to the bone without adding mass — Bone marrow — Red marrow – makes red blood cells — Yellow marrow – made of fat
- 6. — Long –having a body which is longer the wide. — Ex: Femur — Short – Having a body which is approximately as wide as they are long. — Ex: Phalanges — Flat – strong, flat plates — Ex: Cranium — Irregular – has no descriptive shape. — Ex: Vertebrae
- 7. — Skeletons ofembryos are made of cartilage — Cartilage à bone = ossification — Done by cells called osteoblasts — Soft spots on babys skulls stay even after birth
- 8. — Joint –where one bone attaches to another — Joints classified by movement — Ligament – connective tissue that holds bones together
- 9. — Ball andSocket — The largest joints of the body — The end of the bone is rounded, appearing much like a half ball. This ball fits into a cup-like socket. — Provide the greatest range of movement. — EX: Hip and Shoulder
- 10. — Hinge — Actmuch like the hinges on doors. — They permit back and forth movement, but not side-to- side or lateral movement. — EX: The elbows and the knees
- 11. — Gliding — Allowtwo or more flat or slightly rounded bones to move easily together without friction or grinding. — Ex: the forearm to wrist joint and the lower leg to ankle joint.
- 12. — Pivot — Speciallysuited for rotating movements. — EX: the atlas and axis bones —
- 13. — Tightly joined —Separated by a thin layer of fibrous connective tissue. — EX: Skull bones
- 14. — Tightly joined —Separated by a thin layer of fibrous connective tissue. — EX: Skull bones
- 15. — Transverse — Thebreak is in a straight line across the bone — Stress (Linear) — Hairline crack — Oblique (Displaced or nondisplaced) — Diagonal break across the bone — Spiral — The break spirals around the bone; common in a twisting injury. — Greenstick — Incomplete fracture. The broken bone is not completely separated. — Comminuted — The break is in three or more pieces and fragments are present at the fracture site.
- 16. — Osteoporosis — Thinningof bones, causing fractures — Leukemia — Cancer of White blood cells. — Scoliosis — Abnormalities of the spine.