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Site B site analysis

This document provides a site analysis of Pantai Kerachut in Penang National Park, Malaysia. It includes location plans showing the site boundaries, contours, sections, and surrounding features like the Meromictic Lake and beach forest. Circulation plans depict pedestrian, vehicle, and boat paths. Climate charts show weather patterns and the lake's water level cycles. Landscape sections illustrate the vegetation distribution and elevations across the site. Key plants found in the area like Casuarina trees, Red Mangroves, and various medicinal herbs are described.

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SITEANALYSIS SITE ANALYSIS SITE B PANTAI KERACHUT PENANG MALAYSIA - DESIGN STUDIO 2 -
SITEPLAN LOCATION PLAN Pantai Kerachut This is the location plan of Pantai Kerachut in Penang National Park, Malaysia. This area is found at the north- western tip of Penang island. It is popular for its harmonious serenity of nature and man. A very special feature of this site is the ‘’Meromictic Lake’’ which is a seasonal lake. The lake is surrounded by a variety of rich vegetation. The lake’s mouth is connected to the Malacca Strait. MALACCA STRAIT MEROMICTIC LAKE BEACH FOREST LAND BEACH GUARD POST
SITEPLAN SITE PLAN This area denotes our intended site area of 100m x 200m, ensuring the bridge entrance is included as well as the mouth of the lake, where a special phenomenon takes place. That of allowing sea water into the lake but preventing it from backwashing into the sea, creating two layers of water ; fresh water and sea water in the lake, hence the name, Meromictic Lake. Our site also allows generous amount of flat gentle land. MALACCA STRAIT MEROMICTIC LAKE BRIDGE BEACH FOREST LAND MEROMICTIC LAKE BEACH 200m 100m
The map here shows the contours of the area. The lowest contour height is -2m. And the highest is 34m. The 0m contour line represents the sea level. It is clear that this area is made of both steep terrain as well as some areas of gentle flat land. SITEPLAN CONTOURS MALACCA STRAIT MEROMICTIC LAKE BRIDGE BEACH FOREST LAND MEROMICTIC LAKE BEACH
SITEPLAN SECTIONS Due to the complex terrain surrounding our site, we realised it would be ideal for us to have general sections of the area instead of simply limiting it to within our site, to indicate the gradient of the slopes as well as their heights above sea level. MALACCA STRAIT MEROMICTIC LAKE BRIDGE BEACH FOREST LAND MEROMICTIC LAKE BEACH
SITEPLAN SECTION A-1 The sections are to indicate the shape of the terrain. Each base line of the section represents its ‘’ground’’ where we walk on. The top line represents the back drop of the mountain in our area. Legend: Section A-1 GROUND SURFACE MOUNTAIN TOP SEA LEVEL MALACCA STRAIT MEROMICTIC LAKE BRIDGE BEACH FOREST LAND MEROMICTIC LAKE BEACH BEACH FOREST
SITEPLAN SECTION A-2 The sections are to indicate the shape of the terrain. Each base line of the section represents its ‘’ground’’ where we walk on. The top line represents the back drop of the mountain in our area. Legend: Section A-1 Section A-2 GROUND SURFACE MOUNTAIN TOP SEA LEVEL MALACCA STRAIT MEROMICTIC LAKE BRIDGE BEACH FOREST LAND MEROMICTIC LAKE BEACH BEACH FOREST
SITEPLAN SECTION A-3 The sections are to indicate the shape of the terrain. Each base line of the section represents its ‘’ground’’ where we walk on. The top line represents the back drop of the mountain in our area. Legend: Section A-1 Section A-2 Section A-3 GROUND SURFACE MOUNTAIN TOP SEA LEVEL MALACCA STRAIT MEROMICTIC LAKE BRIDGE BEACH FOREST LAND MEROMICTIC LAKE BEACH BEACH FOREST
SITEPLAN SECTION A-4 The sections are to indicate the shape of the terrain. Each base line of the section represents its ‘’ground’’ where we walk on. The top line represents the back drop of the mountain in our area. Legend: Section A-1 Section A-2 Section A-3 Section A-4 GROUND SURFACE MOUNTAIN TOP SEA LEVEL MALACCA STRAIT MEROMICTIC LAKE BRIDGE BEACH FOREST LAND MEROMICTIC LAKE BEACH BEACH FOREST
SITEPLAN SECTION A-5 The sections are to indicate the shape of the terrain. Each base line of the section represents its ‘’ground’’ where we walk on. The top line represents the back drop of the mountain in our area. Legend: Section A-1 Section A-2 Section A-3 Section A-4 Section A-5 GROUND SURFACE MOUNTAIN TOP SEA LEVEL MALACCA STRAIT MEROMICTIC LAKE BRIDGE BEACH FOREST LAND MEROMICTIC LAKE BEACH BEACH FOREST
SITEPLAN SECTION B-1 The longitudinal sections also indicates the shape of the terrain. Each base line of the section represents its ‘’ground’’ where we walk on. The top line represents the back drop of the mountain in our area. Legend: Section B-1 GROUND SURFACE MOUNTAIN TOP SEA LEVEL MALACCA STRAIT MEROMICTIC LAKE BRIDGE BEACH FOREST LAND MEROMICTIC LAKE BEACH
SITEPLAN SECTION B-2 The longitudinal sections also indicate the shape of the terrain. Each base line of the section represents its ‘’ground’’ where we walk on. The top line represents the back drop of the mountain in our area. Legend: Section B-1 Section B-2 GROUND SURFACE MOUNTAIN TOP SEA LEVEL MALACCA STRAIT MEROMICTIC LAKE BRIDGE BEACH FOREST LAND MEROMICTIC LAKE BEACH
SITEPLAN SECTION B-3 The longitudinal sections are to indicate the shape of the terrain. Each base line of the section represents its ‘’ground’’ where we walk on. The top line represents the back drop of the mountain in our area. Legend: Section B-1 Section B-2 Section B-3 GROUND SURFACE MOUNTAIN TOP SEA LEVEL MALACCA STRAIT MEROMICTIC LAKE BRIDGE BEACH FOREST LAND MEROMICTIC LAKE BEACH
CIRCULATION MACRO Legend : A i r p l a n e R o u t e C a r a n d B u s R o u t e T r a i n R o u t e Selangor Penang Penang Island Georgetown Teluk Bahang Pahang Negeri Sembilan Malacca Johor Terengganu KelantanPerak Kedah Peninsular Malaysia Perlis Batu Feringgi Bayan Lepas Pulau Jerejak Botanical Garden
CIRCULATION MICRO Pedestrian Path (Site: Lake)Hiking and Boat-Riding Path (Site: Teluk Bahang-- - Pantai Kerachut ) Legend: P e d e s t r i a n P a t h V e h i c l e P a t h Legend: M a j o r P e d e s t r i a n P a t h M i n o r P e d e s t r i a n P a t h Our Site Pavilion River Camping Site Hall Jetty Bridge Beach Forest Beach Forest Beach Forest Meromictic Lake Sea Beach Entrance
CIRCULATION Frequency Average Frequency Legend: H i g h F r e q u e n c y Medium Frequency L o w F r e q u e n c y Lakeside Bridge Beach Camping Site Toilet Sea Beach Forest Hill Meromictic Lake Beach Forest Time Activity Morning Afternoon Evening Bridge High High High Sight Seeing High High High Sun Bathing Low Medium Low Turtle Crossing - - Low Barbeque Site Low Low High Camping Site Low Low High Toilet Medium High Low Jetty Low Low Medium Turtle Crossing
CLIMATE SUN
CLIMATE WIND When the wind pressure flows through the enclosed area of the trees and vegetations, being smaller in diameter, the restriction causes a higher pressure at the narrow end. This difference in pressure causes the wind flow to accelerate towards the low pressure narrow section, creating a higher constant speed. Land Breeze and Sea Breeze
CLIMATE TEMPERATURE & HUMIDITY Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Max. Temperature (Celcius) 31.7 32.3 32.1 32 32.1 31.8 31.8 31.3 31.1 30.8 31 31 Min. Temperature (Celcius) 24.6 24.8 24.9 25.2 25.1 25.2 25.2 24.8 24.4 24.5 24.4 24.5
Intermonsoon season Intermonsoon season • Formation of lake occur during intermonsoon seasons, which Sumatra winds bring in strong waves and heavy rainfalls. • Throughout April-May and Oct-Nov, the lake will form and dry up in 1 hour 15mins for several times. Northeast monsoon (May – Sept) Southwest monsoon (Nov – March) • The lake has low water levels during the dry season which is filled mostly with fresh water from the streams and the water levels follows the sea tide levels throughout the day. CLIMATE 8 8 15 16 14 11 12 14 17 21 19 15 0 5 10 15 20 25 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Yearly precipitation (days) LAKE CYCLE Low tide (0 ~10cm) Natural dam formed
CLIMATE LAKE CYCLE High tide (20~50cm) Maximum water level (~170cm excluding mud level) Lake with maximum water level
LEGEND: location spot route to Virginia Forest Entrance to Virginia Forest Hall Camping site Pavilion Bridge River Meromictic Lake The Meromictic Lake in Penang National Park is a lake that can adapt to two types of water: where it mainly receive water from five different streams and the sea. Due to the presence of different densities in these two water, the lake is seperated into two layers, where the sea water exist in the lower layer while other stream water lays in the upper layer. Besides, the lake also consist of two different temperature.The stream water on the lower part has a higher temperature if compared to the sea water which is cooler. Location of Vegetation in Virginia Forest LANDSCAPE
LANDSCAPE Landscape, Elevation & Sections Vegetations & Aquatic Livings Casuarina Tree Weed East -South Elevation (Scale 1:350) A A B B Site Plan (N.T.S.)North-East Cross Section A-A (Scale 1:350) Fiddler crabs Shed shells as they grow. Lost legs or claws during their present growth cycle, a new one will be present when they molt Smallest size about diameter of a 50 cent coin
LANDSCAPE Landscape, Elevation & Sections Vegetations & Aquatic Livings Casuarina Tree Weed East -South Elevation (Scale 1:350) A A B B Site Plan (N.T.S.)North-East Cross Section A-A (Scale 1:350) Faunus Ater Brackish water snail species with an operculum Aperture is ovate and white The shell has two deep sinuses: an anal sinus which is close to the suture and an anterior sinus more forward in the aperture Operculum is oval, corneous and dark brown
LANDSCAPE East-South Longitudinal Section B-B (Scale 1:350) Dry season (November~March) South-West Monsoon season (April~October) Sea water cannot enter the lake while high tide Water from the streams evaporates within 1.5 hrs Water level will reach maximum height (1.7m) when high tide East-South Longitudinal Section B-B (Scale 1:350) Water level of The Lake Landscape, Elevation & Sections
LANDSCAPE East-South Longitudinal Section B-B (Scale 1:350) Dry season (November~March) South-West Monsoon season (April~October) Red Mangrove Prop roots ("breathing tubes") heights of up to 30 cm Prop themselves above the water level to absorb air through pores in their bark . Wind barrier East-South Longitudinal Section B-B (Scale 1:350) Landscape, Elevation & Sections Location of Vegetation of The Lake
LANDSCAPE LEGEND: location spot route to Virginia Forest Entrance to Virginia Forest Hall Camping site Pavilion Bridge River Location of Vegetation in Virginia Forest Tongkat Ali Height: (7-8) m Scientific name: Eurycomal Longifolia Another common name: Pasak bumi Family of Simaroubaceae Evergreen tree Function as herb: Pro-fertility and aphrodisiac Tongkat Ali 0 2 4 6 8 10 (m) Scale 1: 200
LANDSCAPE LEGEND: location spot route to Virginia Forest Entrance to Virginia Forest Hall Camping site Pavilion Bridge River Kacip Fatimah Scientific name: Labisia Pumila Benth Common name: Selusuh Fatimah Leaf size: 0.2m Herbaceous shrub with creeping rhizomes Surrounding: High humidity and shady Function as herb: afterbirth care Kacip Fatimah Location of Vegetation in Virginia Forest 0 20 40 60 80 (cm) Scale 1: 20
LANDSCAPE LEGEND: location spot route to Virginia Forest Entrance to Virginia Forest Hall Camping site Pavilion Bridge River Kelentit Kering Yellow-footed polypore Microporus Xanthopus species Polyporaceae family Diameter: 0.09m Grow on rotting wood Kelentik Kering Location of Vegetation in Virginia Forest 0 20 40 60 80 (cm) Scale 1: 20
LANDSCAPE LEGEND: location spot route to Virginia Forest Entrance to Virginia Forest Hall Camping site Pavilion Bridge River Nepenthes Ampullaria (Ground species Pitcher plant) Height: 0.1m Width: 0.07m Carnivorous plant, feed on insects Able to grow in poor soils Oten grow in damp, shady and humid area Separate to two types Pitcher Plant Location of Vegetation in Virginia Forest 0 20 40 60 80 (cm) Scale 1: 20
LANDSCAPE LEGEND: location spot route to Virginia Forest Entrance to Virginia Forest Hall Camping site Pavilion Bridge River Location of Vegetation in Virginia Forest Bintangor Height: 10m Diameter: 0.125m Long waxy leaves Soil condition: swampy area Poisonous latex: used for stunning fish Function as herb: Ease headache and rashes Bintangor 0 2 4 6 8 10 (m) Scale 1: 200
LANDSCAPE LEGEND: location spot route to Virginia Forest Entrance to Virginia Forest Hall Camping site Pavilion Bridge River Location of Vegetation in Virginia Forest Bintangor Height: 10m Diameter: 0.125m Long waxy leaves Soil condition: swampy area Poisonous latex: used for stunning fish Function as herb: Ease headache and rashes Bintangor 0 2 4 6 8 10 (m) Scale 1: 200
LANDSCAPE LEGEND: location spot route to Virginia Forest Entrance to Virginia Forest Hall Camping site Pavilion Bridge River Location of Vegetation in Virginia Forest Casuarina Junghuhniana Average height: 20m Average diameter: 40cm Deciduous tree Soil condition: slope, sandy soil Suitable species as windbreaker Improved soil fertility Casuarina tree 0 2 4 6 8 10 (m) Scale 1: 200
LANDSCAPE LEGEND: location spot route to Virginia Forest Entrance to Virginia Forest Hall Camping site Pavilion Bridge River Location of Birds foraging in Virginia Forest Humming Bird Smallest of birds (7.5 – 13) cm Humming sound created by their beating wings. Pigeon 12 inches. Feed on seeds, fruits, and plants. 0.5 – 2 kg . Magpie Lifespan: 25 y 0.2 – 0.4 kg (Adult) Length: 37 – 43 cm (Adult), 44 – 46 cm (Adult) Bulbul Short-necked Length from 13cm to 29cm . Highly vocal, with the calls of most species being described as nasal or gravelly. (5.00 a.m. morning)
ACTIVITIES LEGAL ACTIVITES BARBECUE & PICNIC AREA - Barbecuing normally happens in the afternoon and evening. - Food is not provided by the park. - Besides barbecuing, camping is available with the limitation of 100 visitors at the campsite. No charges are applied for camping. - Cooking and camping facilities are not provided. - These activities are mostly preferred by locals, especially during public holidays and school holidays.
ACTIVITIES LEGAL ACTIVITES SIGHT SEEING BY THE LAKE SIGHT SEEING IN THE BEACH FOREST SIGHT SEEING AT THE BEACH - The best time for sightseeing at these sites is from morning to noon. - It is not advised to visit the lake and the beach during the night because of the high tide from the sea. - During November to March, the lake becomes dry and muddy due to the dry season so it is not ideal to visit during that time.
ACTIVITIES LEGAL ACTIVITES TURTLE NESTING Nesting - Green Turtles nesting: April to August - Olive Ridley Turtle nesting: September to February - Nesting occurs at night. - Viewing is allowed but with minimal light shining at the turtles as to not disrupt the process. Nesting Site Selection - Located under the vegetative cover of merambong trees - Open sands - Under bushes Based on the statistics of 2008 & 2009, 60% of Green Turtle nests were located under merambong trees, 24.8% were located under bushes and 14.9% in open sands.
ACTIVITIES LEGAL ACTIVITES TURTLE CONSERVATION SANCTUARY Turtle Hatchery & Sanctuary - The cage indicates that the eggs are being incubated until they are ready to be hatched. - Office hours: 7.30AM – 6PM - After the eggs are laid, they are reburied in the hatchery nests excavated to a depth of 60cm deep & 25cm wide. - After placing them in the nesting chamber, the nest is compacted with remaining sand and left for incubation. - They then label the clutches using bamboo sticks & cover the nest with a protective netting to avoid predation attempts.
ACTIVITIES LEGAL ACTIVITES - There are 3 hiking trails in Penang National Park. - The best months to hike is throughout the year, excluding the months of March - April because they are the ludicrously hot months therefore it is not ideal to hike. - The distance from Teluk Bahang to Pantai Kerachut is 3km and the hike usually takes around 1.5 -2 hours, depending on individual speed. JUNGLE TREKKING / HIKING
ACTIVITIES LEGAL ACTIVITES JETTY / FISHING The lake is a dry mud bank during neap tides and dry season. October to April is not a good time to visit the lake. - Pre booking is required for 15-20 minutes boat ride from Pantai Kerachut back to Teluk Bahang abd vise versa.
ACTIVITIES LEGAL ACTIVITES SHELTER Shelter is provided for visitors to rest and bird watching. It’s a place for people to gather around. Bird watching is available at 5am and in the evening. This activity happens often due to the migration of different species of birds. BIRD WATCHING
ACTIVITIES ILLEGAL ACTIVITES SWIMMING HERBS COLLECTING Swimming is not allowed as a precaution for jellyfish stings. Herbs collecting is not allowed as a measure of preservation of nature. SMOKING Smoking is prohibited throughout the park to sustain the air quality and cleanliness.
EXISTINGSTRUCTURE LOCATION OF EXISTING STRUCTURES (site plan)
EXISTINGSTRUCTURE LOCATION OF EXISTING STRUCTURES (site plan)
EXISTINGSTRUCTURE LOCATION OF EXISTING STRUCTURES (site plan)
EXISTINGSTRUCTURE LOCATION OF EXISTING STRUCTURES (location plan)
EXISTINGSTRUCTURE LOCATION OF EXISTING STRUCTURES (location plan)
EXISTINGSTRUCTURE LOCATION OF EXISTING STRUCTURES (location plan)
EXISTINGSTRUCTURE MEASUREMENTS Suspension Bridge PLAN SCALE 1:100 SIDE ELEVATION SCALE 1:100 FRONT ELEVATION SCALE 1:100
EXISTINGSTRUCTURE MEASUREMENTS Shelter PLAN SCALE 1:20 SIDE ELEVATION SCALE 1:20
EXISTINGSTRUCTURE PURPOSE OF EXISTENCE Suspension Bridge • To connect forest and Pantai Kerachut • To provide an extensive view of Tasik Meromiktik • To act as a clear border between the sea and the lake
EXISTINGSTRUCRURE REASON OF CHOICE • Difference in height between the two lands. • Less hassle during construction. Suspension Bridge
EXISTINGSTRUCTURE MATERIALS USED Suspension Bridge Platform Fibre Cement Board Handle Polyvinyl Chloride Base Concrete Columns Concrete Supporting Cables Steel Cable Supporting I – beams Galvanized Mild Steel
EXISTINGSTRUCTURE REASON OF CHOICE Suspension Bridge
EXISTINGSTRUCTURE PURPOSE OF EXISTENCE Shelter • Acts as a shelter during sunny or rainy days • To allow mountain hikers and beach lovers to have a nice place to rest • To bring the Malay traditional flavours to Pantai Kerachut
EXISTINGSTRUCTURE MATERIALS USED Shelter Kapur Wood – Shellac coated
EXISTINGSTRUCTURE PURPOSE OF EXISTENCE Guard Post • To provide security • To ensure cleanliness • To carry out registration
EXISTINGSTRUCTURE MATERIALS USED Guard Post Kapur Wood – Shellac coated
EXISTINGSTRUCTURE PURPOSE OF EXISTENCE Sign Boards
VIEWSANDSENSORY SITE ANALYSIS
VIEWSANDSENSORY WIND
VIEWSANDSENSORY NOISE Sound of sea breeze and sea waves Sound of waves splashing onto the rocks Sound of the nature and insects from the forest Sound of the wind and sea breeze Sound of the insects and birds from the forest Sound of the insects and birds from the forest
VIEWSANDSENSORY VIEWS FROM THE SITE
VIEWSANDSENSORY VIEWS Point A Point B Point C
VIEWSANDSENSORY VIEW QUALITIES FROM SITE
VIEWSANDSENSORY POINT A (VIEWS FROM BRIDGE)
VIEWSANDSENSORY POINT B (VIEWS FROM LAKESIDE)
VIEWSANDSENSORY POINT C
VIEWSANDSENSORY VIEWS THROUGH THE SITE
VIEWSANDSENSORY VIEWS TO THE SITE
VIEWSANDSENSORY VIEWS TO THE SITE
VIEWSANDSENSORY BEST VIEWS
VIEWSANDSENSORY BEST VIEWS (EAST) One of the best nature view during 6.45am-7.25am, when the sun rises.
BEST VIEWS (WEST) VIEWSANDSENSORY One of the best nature view during 5.45pm-7.15pm, when the sun rises.
Site Plan ( 1:1500 )
Forest Ranger A forest ranger is a person entrusted with protecting and preserving forests DUTY - To protect the park resources for future generations - To protect park visitors. SKILLS - Have strong communication and leadership skills - Physically fit - Have knowledge of basic first aid, surviving skills EQUIPMENTS - First Aid kit to rescue visitors if any emergency happened. - Fire-fighting tools to prevent forest fire if there is any. - Torch light, matches or lighters - Knife - Safety Boot - Water Bottle - Rope - Other appropriate gears
36 meters 35 meters 16 meters 12 meters 12 meters Standard Lookout/ Observation Towers Standard lookout towers with different heights and constructional structure ( bracings ) A zig-zag or staircases to go up and down with one space at the top for observation.
Simple Local Guard Towers - Located in Teluk Cempedak Beach, Kuantan - Constructed with concrete and consists of wooden or steel handrails for stairs - Simplest structure with one staircase around the tower to go up and down - Located between Hyatt Hotel and Commercial street nearby Mc Donald Restaurant - Provide good overall view of the sea for safety purpose
Korkeasaari Lookout Tower Ville Hara Helsinki, Finland -Situated on a site 18 meters above sea - Competition for design of Ten meters high Timber Tower - Provide spectacular views of the sea and city of Helsinki - Landmark of Korkeasaari Island
- The load bearing structure consists of 72 long battens, with a section of 60mmx60mm, that are bent and twisted on the site from seven pre-bent types. - Over 600 bolted joints hold the shell structure together. - The wood is treated with a linen oil-based wood balm with UV-protection.
- A batten is a thin strip of solid material, typically made from wood, plastic or metal. - Battens are used in building construction and various other fields. - Ideal for external cladding and facades - Light and strong material
JeJawi Tower, Pulau Ubin, Singapore - Located at Chek Jawa Wetlands, - Big attraction for bird watching and view most of greenery in Pulau Ubin - 21 meters tall viewing tower - Includes 7 storeys of 3-meter risers and at each storey, there is a small deck for observing the surroundings
- There is one staircase to go up and come down. - Can accommodate 20 people at the top cabin. - Materials – Steel and Timber
Cross Bracing K-Bracing Eccentric Types of Bracing - Construction includes diagonal bracing from the base to the top. - Consists of Four primary post columns with bracings
Killesberg Tower Stuttgart, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany - Observatory Tower completed in 2000, designed by Jorg Schlaich - Consists of 5 floors above the ground - 40.3 meters high and base width is 21 meters - Landmark of Stuggart
- The tower is accessed by two open-air spiral staircases : One to go up and one to go down. - 4 platforms and 2 counter-rotating stairs (348 steps) - Height to observation deck from ground – 31 meters - The tower has different heights in viewing platforms – 8 m, 16m, 24m, 31m.
- Main Material used is Steel. - Constructed with steel mesh and pre-stressed cable net type with an open lattice structure. - There are 48 cables.
Bird Observation Tower - Designed by GMP architects - Located on the far-projecting peninsula Graswarder, Heiligenhafen, Germany - 12.5 meters high - Gross External Area : 48 meter squared - Wooden construction made of Siberian Larch Heiligenhafen Germany
Two flight staircase providing access to the tower Type of staircase – Half-Landing Stairs
Siberian Larch Wood is used for Decking and Siding. With great stability, durability, and its natural resistance for decay are the most impressive features. A type of hard wood with high density and they are aesthetically beautiful with natural color.
Inspirations Vienna Jubilaeumswarte Observation Tower on the River Mur, Border of Austria and Slovneia The Jübergtower, Germany Tower at Honda Wetlands,Ohio Observation Tower at Putrajaya Water Sports Complex Lookout tower at Pipestem Resort, West Virginia Bird-watching Tower in Heitasaari Island, Finland

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Site B site analysis

  • 1.
    SITEANALYSIS SITE ANALYSIS SITE B PANTAIKERACHUT PENANG MALAYSIA - DESIGN STUDIO 2 -
  • 2.
    SITEPLAN LOCATION PLAN PantaiKerachut This is the location plan of Pantai Kerachut in Penang National Park, Malaysia. This area is found at the north- western tip of Penang island. It is popular for its harmonious serenity of nature and man. A very special feature of this site is the ‘’Meromictic Lake’’ which is a seasonal lake. The lake is surrounded by a variety of rich vegetation. The lake’s mouth is connected to the Malacca Strait. MALACCA STRAIT MEROMICTIC LAKE BEACH FOREST LAND BEACH GUARD POST
  • 3.
    SITEPLAN SITE PLAN This areadenotes our intended site area of 100m x 200m, ensuring the bridge entrance is included as well as the mouth of the lake, where a special phenomenon takes place. That of allowing sea water into the lake but preventing it from backwashing into the sea, creating two layers of water ; fresh water and sea water in the lake, hence the name, Meromictic Lake. Our site also allows generous amount of flat gentle land. MALACCA STRAIT MEROMICTIC LAKE BRIDGE BEACH FOREST LAND MEROMICTIC LAKE BEACH 200m 100m
  • 4.
    The map hereshows the contours of the area. The lowest contour height is -2m. And the highest is 34m. The 0m contour line represents the sea level. It is clear that this area is made of both steep terrain as well as some areas of gentle flat land. SITEPLAN CONTOURS MALACCA STRAIT MEROMICTIC LAKE BRIDGE BEACH FOREST LAND MEROMICTIC LAKE BEACH
  • 5.
    SITEPLAN SECTIONS Due to thecomplex terrain surrounding our site, we realised it would be ideal for us to have general sections of the area instead of simply limiting it to within our site, to indicate the gradient of the slopes as well as their heights above sea level. MALACCA STRAIT MEROMICTIC LAKE BRIDGE BEACH FOREST LAND MEROMICTIC LAKE BEACH
  • 6.
    SITEPLAN SECTION A-1 The sectionsare to indicate the shape of the terrain. Each base line of the section represents its ‘’ground’’ where we walk on. The top line represents the back drop of the mountain in our area. Legend: Section A-1 GROUND SURFACE MOUNTAIN TOP SEA LEVEL MALACCA STRAIT MEROMICTIC LAKE BRIDGE BEACH FOREST LAND MEROMICTIC LAKE BEACH BEACH FOREST
  • 7.
    SITEPLAN SECTION A-2 The sectionsare to indicate the shape of the terrain. Each base line of the section represents its ‘’ground’’ where we walk on. The top line represents the back drop of the mountain in our area. Legend: Section A-1 Section A-2 GROUND SURFACE MOUNTAIN TOP SEA LEVEL MALACCA STRAIT MEROMICTIC LAKE BRIDGE BEACH FOREST LAND MEROMICTIC LAKE BEACH BEACH FOREST
  • 8.
    SITEPLAN SECTION A-3 The sectionsare to indicate the shape of the terrain. Each base line of the section represents its ‘’ground’’ where we walk on. The top line represents the back drop of the mountain in our area. Legend: Section A-1 Section A-2 Section A-3 GROUND SURFACE MOUNTAIN TOP SEA LEVEL MALACCA STRAIT MEROMICTIC LAKE BRIDGE BEACH FOREST LAND MEROMICTIC LAKE BEACH BEACH FOREST
  • 9.
    SITEPLAN SECTION A-4 The sectionsare to indicate the shape of the terrain. Each base line of the section represents its ‘’ground’’ where we walk on. The top line represents the back drop of the mountain in our area. Legend: Section A-1 Section A-2 Section A-3 Section A-4 GROUND SURFACE MOUNTAIN TOP SEA LEVEL MALACCA STRAIT MEROMICTIC LAKE BRIDGE BEACH FOREST LAND MEROMICTIC LAKE BEACH BEACH FOREST
  • 10.
    SITEPLAN SECTION A-5 The sectionsare to indicate the shape of the terrain. Each base line of the section represents its ‘’ground’’ where we walk on. The top line represents the back drop of the mountain in our area. Legend: Section A-1 Section A-2 Section A-3 Section A-4 Section A-5 GROUND SURFACE MOUNTAIN TOP SEA LEVEL MALACCA STRAIT MEROMICTIC LAKE BRIDGE BEACH FOREST LAND MEROMICTIC LAKE BEACH BEACH FOREST
  • 11.
    SITEPLAN SECTION B-1 The longitudinalsections also indicates the shape of the terrain. Each base line of the section represents its ‘’ground’’ where we walk on. The top line represents the back drop of the mountain in our area. Legend: Section B-1 GROUND SURFACE MOUNTAIN TOP SEA LEVEL MALACCA STRAIT MEROMICTIC LAKE BRIDGE BEACH FOREST LAND MEROMICTIC LAKE BEACH
  • 12.
    SITEPLAN SECTION B-2 The longitudinalsections also indicate the shape of the terrain. Each base line of the section represents its ‘’ground’’ where we walk on. The top line represents the back drop of the mountain in our area. Legend: Section B-1 Section B-2 GROUND SURFACE MOUNTAIN TOP SEA LEVEL MALACCA STRAIT MEROMICTIC LAKE BRIDGE BEACH FOREST LAND MEROMICTIC LAKE BEACH
  • 13.
    SITEPLAN SECTION B-3 The longitudinalsections are to indicate the shape of the terrain. Each base line of the section represents its ‘’ground’’ where we walk on. The top line represents the back drop of the mountain in our area. Legend: Section B-1 Section B-2 Section B-3 GROUND SURFACE MOUNTAIN TOP SEA LEVEL MALACCA STRAIT MEROMICTIC LAKE BRIDGE BEACH FOREST LAND MEROMICTIC LAKE BEACH
  • 14.
    CIRCULATION MACRO Legend : A ir p l a n e R o u t e C a r a n d B u s R o u t e T r a i n R o u t e Selangor Penang Penang Island Georgetown Teluk Bahang Pahang Negeri Sembilan Malacca Johor Terengganu KelantanPerak Kedah Peninsular Malaysia Perlis Batu Feringgi Bayan Lepas Pulau Jerejak Botanical Garden
  • 15.
    CIRCULATION MICRO Pedestrian Path (Site:Lake)Hiking and Boat-Riding Path (Site: Teluk Bahang-- - Pantai Kerachut ) Legend: P e d e s t r i a n P a t h V e h i c l e P a t h Legend: M a j o r P e d e s t r i a n P a t h M i n o r P e d e s t r i a n P a t h Our Site Pavilion River Camping Site Hall Jetty Bridge Beach Forest Beach Forest Beach Forest Meromictic Lake Sea Beach Entrance
  • 16.
    CIRCULATION Frequency Average Frequency Legend: H ig h F r e q u e n c y Medium Frequency L o w F r e q u e n c y Lakeside Bridge Beach Camping Site Toilet Sea Beach Forest Hill Meromictic Lake Beach Forest Time Activity Morning Afternoon Evening Bridge High High High Sight Seeing High High High Sun Bathing Low Medium Low Turtle Crossing - - Low Barbeque Site Low Low High Camping Site Low Low High Toilet Medium High Low Jetty Low Low Medium Turtle Crossing
  • 17.
  • 18.
    CLIMATE WIND When thewind pressure flows through the enclosed area of the trees and vegetations, being smaller in diameter, the restriction causes a higher pressure at the narrow end. This difference in pressure causes the wind flow to accelerate towards the low pressure narrow section, creating a higher constant speed. Land Breeze and Sea Breeze
  • 19.
    CLIMATE TEMPERATURE & HUMIDITY MonthJan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Max. Temperature (Celcius) 31.7 32.3 32.1 32 32.1 31.8 31.8 31.3 31.1 30.8 31 31 Min. Temperature (Celcius) 24.6 24.8 24.9 25.2 25.1 25.2 25.2 24.8 24.4 24.5 24.4 24.5
  • 20.
    Intermonsoon season Intermonsoon season • Formation oflake occur during intermonsoon seasons, which Sumatra winds bring in strong waves and heavy rainfalls. • Throughout April-May and Oct-Nov, the lake will form and dry up in 1 hour 15mins for several times. Northeast monsoon (May – Sept) Southwest monsoon (Nov – March) • The lake has low water levels during the dry season which is filled mostly with fresh water from the streams and the water levels follows the sea tide levels throughout the day. CLIMATE 8 8 15 16 14 11 12 14 17 21 19 15 0 5 10 15 20 25 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Yearly precipitation (days) LAKE CYCLE Low tide (0 ~10cm) Natural dam formed
  • 21.
    CLIMATE LAKE CYCLE High tide(20~50cm) Maximum water level (~170cm excluding mud level) Lake with maximum water level
  • 22.
    LEGEND: location spot route toVirginia Forest Entrance to Virginia Forest Hall Camping site Pavilion Bridge River Meromictic Lake The Meromictic Lake in Penang National Park is a lake that can adapt to two types of water: where it mainly receive water from five different streams and the sea. Due to the presence of different densities in these two water, the lake is seperated into two layers, where the sea water exist in the lower layer while other stream water lays in the upper layer. Besides, the lake also consist of two different temperature.The stream water on the lower part has a higher temperature if compared to the sea water which is cooler. Location of Vegetation in Virginia Forest LANDSCAPE
  • 23.
    LANDSCAPE Landscape, Elevation &Sections Vegetations & Aquatic Livings Casuarina Tree Weed East -South Elevation (Scale 1:350) A A B B Site Plan (N.T.S.)North-East Cross Section A-A (Scale 1:350) Fiddler crabs Shed shells as they grow. Lost legs or claws during their present growth cycle, a new one will be present when they molt Smallest size about diameter of a 50 cent coin
  • 24.
    LANDSCAPE Landscape, Elevation &Sections Vegetations & Aquatic Livings Casuarina Tree Weed East -South Elevation (Scale 1:350) A A B B Site Plan (N.T.S.)North-East Cross Section A-A (Scale 1:350) Faunus Ater Brackish water snail species with an operculum Aperture is ovate and white The shell has two deep sinuses: an anal sinus which is close to the suture and an anterior sinus more forward in the aperture Operculum is oval, corneous and dark brown
  • 25.
    LANDSCAPE East-South Longitudinal SectionB-B (Scale 1:350) Dry season (November~March) South-West Monsoon season (April~October) Sea water cannot enter the lake while high tide Water from the streams evaporates within 1.5 hrs Water level will reach maximum height (1.7m) when high tide East-South Longitudinal Section B-B (Scale 1:350) Water level of The Lake Landscape, Elevation & Sections
  • 26.
    LANDSCAPE East-South Longitudinal SectionB-B (Scale 1:350) Dry season (November~March) South-West Monsoon season (April~October) Red Mangrove Prop roots ("breathing tubes") heights of up to 30 cm Prop themselves above the water level to absorb air through pores in their bark . Wind barrier East-South Longitudinal Section B-B (Scale 1:350) Landscape, Elevation & Sections Location of Vegetation of The Lake
  • 27.
    LANDSCAPE LEGEND: location spot route toVirginia Forest Entrance to Virginia Forest Hall Camping site Pavilion Bridge River Location of Vegetation in Virginia Forest Tongkat Ali Height: (7-8) m Scientific name: Eurycomal Longifolia Another common name: Pasak bumi Family of Simaroubaceae Evergreen tree Function as herb: Pro-fertility and aphrodisiac Tongkat Ali 0 2 4 6 8 10 (m) Scale 1: 200
  • 28.
    LANDSCAPE LEGEND: location spot route toVirginia Forest Entrance to Virginia Forest Hall Camping site Pavilion Bridge River Kacip Fatimah Scientific name: Labisia Pumila Benth Common name: Selusuh Fatimah Leaf size: 0.2m Herbaceous shrub with creeping rhizomes Surrounding: High humidity and shady Function as herb: afterbirth care Kacip Fatimah Location of Vegetation in Virginia Forest 0 20 40 60 80 (cm) Scale 1: 20
  • 29.
    LANDSCAPE LEGEND: location spot route toVirginia Forest Entrance to Virginia Forest Hall Camping site Pavilion Bridge River Kelentit Kering Yellow-footed polypore Microporus Xanthopus species Polyporaceae family Diameter: 0.09m Grow on rotting wood Kelentik Kering Location of Vegetation in Virginia Forest 0 20 40 60 80 (cm) Scale 1: 20
  • 30.
    LANDSCAPE LEGEND: location spot route toVirginia Forest Entrance to Virginia Forest Hall Camping site Pavilion Bridge River Nepenthes Ampullaria (Ground species Pitcher plant) Height: 0.1m Width: 0.07m Carnivorous plant, feed on insects Able to grow in poor soils Oten grow in damp, shady and humid area Separate to two types Pitcher Plant Location of Vegetation in Virginia Forest 0 20 40 60 80 (cm) Scale 1: 20
  • 31.
    LANDSCAPE LEGEND: location spot route toVirginia Forest Entrance to Virginia Forest Hall Camping site Pavilion Bridge River Location of Vegetation in Virginia Forest Bintangor Height: 10m Diameter: 0.125m Long waxy leaves Soil condition: swampy area Poisonous latex: used for stunning fish Function as herb: Ease headache and rashes Bintangor 0 2 4 6 8 10 (m) Scale 1: 200
  • 32.
    LANDSCAPE LEGEND: location spot route toVirginia Forest Entrance to Virginia Forest Hall Camping site Pavilion Bridge River Location of Vegetation in Virginia Forest Bintangor Height: 10m Diameter: 0.125m Long waxy leaves Soil condition: swampy area Poisonous latex: used for stunning fish Function as herb: Ease headache and rashes Bintangor 0 2 4 6 8 10 (m) Scale 1: 200
  • 33.
    LANDSCAPE LEGEND: location spot route toVirginia Forest Entrance to Virginia Forest Hall Camping site Pavilion Bridge River Location of Vegetation in Virginia Forest Casuarina Junghuhniana Average height: 20m Average diameter: 40cm Deciduous tree Soil condition: slope, sandy soil Suitable species as windbreaker Improved soil fertility Casuarina tree 0 2 4 6 8 10 (m) Scale 1: 200
  • 34.
    LANDSCAPE LEGEND: location spot route toVirginia Forest Entrance to Virginia Forest Hall Camping site Pavilion Bridge River Location of Birds foraging in Virginia Forest Humming Bird Smallest of birds (7.5 – 13) cm Humming sound created by their beating wings. Pigeon 12 inches. Feed on seeds, fruits, and plants. 0.5 – 2 kg . Magpie Lifespan: 25 y 0.2 – 0.4 kg (Adult) Length: 37 – 43 cm (Adult), 44 – 46 cm (Adult) Bulbul Short-necked Length from 13cm to 29cm . Highly vocal, with the calls of most species being described as nasal or gravelly. (5.00 a.m. morning)
  • 35.
    ACTIVITIES LEGAL ACTIVITES BARBECUE& PICNIC AREA - Barbecuing normally happens in the afternoon and evening. - Food is not provided by the park. - Besides barbecuing, camping is available with the limitation of 100 visitors at the campsite. No charges are applied for camping. - Cooking and camping facilities are not provided. - These activities are mostly preferred by locals, especially during public holidays and school holidays.
  • 36.
    ACTIVITIES LEGAL ACTIVITES SIGHT SEEINGBY THE LAKE SIGHT SEEING IN THE BEACH FOREST SIGHT SEEING AT THE BEACH - The best time for sightseeing at these sites is from morning to noon. - It is not advised to visit the lake and the beach during the night because of the high tide from the sea. - During November to March, the lake becomes dry and muddy due to the dry season so it is not ideal to visit during that time.
  • 37.
    ACTIVITIES LEGAL ACTIVITES TURTLE NESTING Nesting -Green Turtles nesting: April to August - Olive Ridley Turtle nesting: September to February - Nesting occurs at night. - Viewing is allowed but with minimal light shining at the turtles as to not disrupt the process. Nesting Site Selection - Located under the vegetative cover of merambong trees - Open sands - Under bushes Based on the statistics of 2008 & 2009, 60% of Green Turtle nests were located under merambong trees, 24.8% were located under bushes and 14.9% in open sands.
  • 38.
    ACTIVITIES LEGAL ACTIVITES TURTLE CONSERVATIONSANCTUARY Turtle Hatchery & Sanctuary - The cage indicates that the eggs are being incubated until they are ready to be hatched. - Office hours: 7.30AM – 6PM - After the eggs are laid, they are reburied in the hatchery nests excavated to a depth of 60cm deep & 25cm wide. - After placing them in the nesting chamber, the nest is compacted with remaining sand and left for incubation. - They then label the clutches using bamboo sticks & cover the nest with a protective netting to avoid predation attempts.
  • 39.
    ACTIVITIES LEGAL ACTIVITES - Thereare 3 hiking trails in Penang National Park. - The best months to hike is throughout the year, excluding the months of March - April because they are the ludicrously hot months therefore it is not ideal to hike. - The distance from Teluk Bahang to Pantai Kerachut is 3km and the hike usually takes around 1.5 -2 hours, depending on individual speed. JUNGLE TREKKING / HIKING
  • 40.
    ACTIVITIES LEGAL ACTIVITES JETTY /FISHING The lake is a dry mud bank during neap tides and dry season. October to April is not a good time to visit the lake. - Pre booking is required for 15-20 minutes boat ride from Pantai Kerachut back to Teluk Bahang abd vise versa.
  • 41.
    ACTIVITIES LEGAL ACTIVITES SHELTER Shelter isprovided for visitors to rest and bird watching. It’s a place for people to gather around. Bird watching is available at 5am and in the evening. This activity happens often due to the migration of different species of birds. BIRD WATCHING
  • 42.
    ACTIVITIES ILLEGAL ACTIVITES SWIMMING HERBSCOLLECTING Swimming is not allowed as a precaution for jellyfish stings. Herbs collecting is not allowed as a measure of preservation of nature. SMOKING Smoking is prohibited throughout the park to sustain the air quality and cleanliness.
  • 43.
  • 44.
  • 45.
  • 46.
    EXISTINGSTRUCTURE LOCATION OF EXISTINGSTRUCTURES (location plan)
  • 47.
    EXISTINGSTRUCTURE LOCATION OF EXISTINGSTRUCTURES (location plan)
  • 48.
    EXISTINGSTRUCTURE LOCATION OF EXISTINGSTRUCTURES (location plan)
  • 49.
    EXISTINGSTRUCTURE MEASUREMENTS Suspension Bridge PLAN SCALE1:100 SIDE ELEVATION SCALE 1:100 FRONT ELEVATION SCALE 1:100
  • 50.
  • 51.
    EXISTINGSTRUCTURE PURPOSE OF EXISTENCE SuspensionBridge • To connect forest and Pantai Kerachut • To provide an extensive view of Tasik Meromiktik • To act as a clear border between the sea and the lake
  • 52.
    EXISTINGSTRUCRURE REASON OF CHOICE •Difference in height between the two lands. • Less hassle during construction. Suspension Bridge
  • 53.
    EXISTINGSTRUCTURE MATERIALS USED Suspension Bridge Platform FibreCement Board Handle Polyvinyl Chloride Base Concrete Columns Concrete Supporting Cables Steel Cable Supporting I – beams Galvanized Mild Steel
  • 54.
  • 55.
    EXISTINGSTRUCTURE PURPOSE OF EXISTENCE Shelter •Acts as a shelter during sunny or rainy days • To allow mountain hikers and beach lovers to have a nice place to rest • To bring the Malay traditional flavours to Pantai Kerachut
  • 56.
  • 57.
    EXISTINGSTRUCTURE PURPOSE OF EXISTENCE GuardPost • To provide security • To ensure cleanliness • To carry out registration
  • 58.
  • 59.
  • 60.
  • 61.
  • 62.
    VIEWSANDSENSORY NOISE Sound of seabreeze and sea waves Sound of waves splashing onto the rocks Sound of the nature and insects from the forest Sound of the wind and sea breeze Sound of the insects and birds from the forest Sound of the insects and birds from the forest
  • 63.
  • 64.
  • 65.
  • 66.
  • 67.
  • 68.
  • 69.
  • 70.
  • 71.
  • 72.
  • 73.
    VIEWSANDSENSORY BEST VIEWS (EAST) Oneof the best nature view during 6.45am-7.25am, when the sun rises.
  • 74.
    BEST VIEWS (WEST) VIEWSANDSENSORY Oneof the best nature view during 5.45pm-7.15pm, when the sun rises.
  • 75.
    Site Plan (1:1500 )
  • 76.
    Forest Ranger A forestranger is a person entrusted with protecting and preserving forests DUTY - To protect the park resources for future generations - To protect park visitors. SKILLS - Have strong communication and leadership skills - Physically fit - Have knowledge of basic first aid, surviving skills EQUIPMENTS - First Aid kit to rescue visitors if any emergency happened. - Fire-fighting tools to prevent forest fire if there is any. - Torch light, matches or lighters - Knife - Safety Boot - Water Bottle - Rope - Other appropriate gears
  • 77.
    36 meters 35 meters 16meters 12 meters 12 meters Standard Lookout/ Observation Towers Standard lookout towers with different heights and constructional structure ( bracings ) A zig-zag or staircases to go up and down with one space at the top for observation.
  • 78.
    Simple Local GuardTowers - Located in Teluk Cempedak Beach, Kuantan - Constructed with concrete and consists of wooden or steel handrails for stairs - Simplest structure with one staircase around the tower to go up and down - Located between Hyatt Hotel and Commercial street nearby Mc Donald Restaurant - Provide good overall view of the sea for safety purpose
  • 79.
    Korkeasaari Lookout Tower VilleHara Helsinki, Finland -Situated on a site 18 meters above sea - Competition for design of Ten meters high Timber Tower - Provide spectacular views of the sea and city of Helsinki - Landmark of Korkeasaari Island
  • 80.
    - The loadbearing structure consists of 72 long battens, with a section of 60mmx60mm, that are bent and twisted on the site from seven pre-bent types. - Over 600 bolted joints hold the shell structure together. - The wood is treated with a linen oil-based wood balm with UV-protection.
  • 82.
    - A battenis a thin strip of solid material, typically made from wood, plastic or metal. - Battens are used in building construction and various other fields. - Ideal for external cladding and facades - Light and strong material
  • 83.
    JeJawi Tower, PulauUbin, Singapore - Located at Chek Jawa Wetlands, - Big attraction for bird watching and view most of greenery in Pulau Ubin - 21 meters tall viewing tower - Includes 7 storeys of 3-meter risers and at each storey, there is a small deck for observing the surroundings
  • 84.
    - There isone staircase to go up and come down. - Can accommodate 20 people at the top cabin. - Materials – Steel and Timber
  • 85.
    Cross Bracing K-BracingEccentric Types of Bracing - Construction includes diagonal bracing from the base to the top. - Consists of Four primary post columns with bracings
  • 86.
    Killesberg Tower Stuttgart, Baden-Wurttemberg,Germany - Observatory Tower completed in 2000, designed by Jorg Schlaich - Consists of 5 floors above the ground - 40.3 meters high and base width is 21 meters - Landmark of Stuggart
  • 87.
    - The toweris accessed by two open-air spiral staircases : One to go up and one to go down. - 4 platforms and 2 counter-rotating stairs (348 steps) - Height to observation deck from ground – 31 meters - The tower has different heights in viewing platforms – 8 m, 16m, 24m, 31m.
  • 88.
    - Main Materialused is Steel. - Constructed with steel mesh and pre-stressed cable net type with an open lattice structure. - There are 48 cables.
  • 89.
    Bird Observation Tower -Designed by GMP architects - Located on the far-projecting peninsula Graswarder, Heiligenhafen, Germany - 12.5 meters high - Gross External Area : 48 meter squared - Wooden construction made of Siberian Larch Heiligenhafen Germany
  • 90.
    Two flight staircaseproviding access to the tower Type of staircase – Half-Landing Stairs
  • 91.
    Siberian Larch Woodis used for Decking and Siding. With great stability, durability, and its natural resistance for decay are the most impressive features. A type of hard wood with high density and they are aesthetically beautiful with natural color.
  • 92.
    Inspirations Vienna Jubilaeumswarte Observation Toweron the River Mur, Border of Austria and Slovneia The Jübergtower, Germany Tower at Honda Wetlands,Ohio Observation Tower at Putrajaya Water Sports Complex Lookout tower at Pipestem Resort, West Virginia Bird-watching Tower in Heitasaari Island, Finland