This document discusses innovation in teaching and research at King's College London. It highlights Simon Tanner, who leads innovation efforts at the college. The document also references websites that define innovation and its impact, focusing on measurable outcomes and changes in life opportunities for communities that result from digital resources. The illustrations for the impact section were created by Alice Maggs.
Presented at the IIPC Web Archiving Conference, 6-7th June 2019, Zagreb, Croatia.
http://netpreserve.org/ga2019/programme/wac/
This paper presents the results of a study to examine, determine and propose the optimal approach to develop impact assessment indicators for the UK Web Archive (UKWA). In the United Kingdom, legal deposit libraries collaboratively operate a nationwide web archiving project, the UKWA, which has collected over 500 TB of data and is growing by approximately 60–70 TB a year. At the same time, UK publicly funded organisations face reduced funding and the challenge of convincing funders to finance their archival function by undergoing evaluations of their services’ values.
Under such circumstances, a proper assessment of the values and impacts of web archiving is a point of discussion for cultural heritage organisations. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, there has not yet been a comprehensive assessment or evaluation of the UKWA conducted. Thus, this paper seeks to answer the research question: “What would the indicators of impact assessment for the UKWA be?” As a result, we propose a set of impact assessment indicators for the UKWA (and web archiving in general) with broad strategic perspectives including social, cultural, educational and economic impact.
This study examines and proposes the optimal approach to develop impact assessment indicators for the UKWA. The research began by analysing the literature of impact assessment frameworks for digital resources and the types of impact in related fields. Primarily drawing from Simon Tanner’s Balanced Value Impact Model (BVI Model), this research then proposes impact indicators for the UKWA and develops an impact assessment plan consisting of three stages: context setting, indicator development, and indicator evaluation.
This paper will present the method and results of the study. Firstly, it identified the UKWA’s foundational context, the mission, the principal values and the key stakeholder groups. The research project prioritised focal areas for the archive that seem most advantageous for stakeholders and aligned with Tanner’s Value Lenses. Secondly, we proposed the UKWA impact assessment indicators; scrutinising existing indicators and various evidence collection methods. In the third stage, the developed indicators’ functionality was checked against set quality criteria and then tested through semi-structured interviews and survey submissions with 8 UKWA staff members.
Finally, the paper presents the thirteen potential indicators for the UKWA. Based on the lessons learned, presenters will also make recommendations for organisations which recognise the necessity of undertaking impact assessments of their web archives.
Developing the Balanced Value Impact Model to assess the impact of digital re...Simon Tanner
Presentation at the University of Maryland College of Information Studies (UMD iSchool).
This talk offers a sneak peek at the Balanced Value Impact Model 2.0 (BVI Model). He will introduce the Digital Humanities at King's, link this to his open and collaborative research practices to tell the story of the intellectual development of the BVI Model. Tanner will then go on to detail the BVI Model 2.0 to highlight what's new and how it works. He relates these changes to his collaboration with Europeana to develop their Impact Playbook and look to the future of that tool.
Life Writes Its Own Stories: The value and research benefits gained from digi...Simon Tanner
Keynote for the From text to data – new ways of reading conference on the 7-8 February 2019 at The National Library of Sweden, Stockholm, Sweden.
http://www.kb.se/bibliotek/utbildningar/2019/from-text-to-data/
Teaching Digital Preservation at scale on the MA Digital Asset & Media Manage...Simon Tanner
Presentation during World Digital Preservation Day 2018 and International Conference 'Memory Makers' organised by DPC and the Dutch Digital Heritage Network
Focusing on European citizens and the impact of Open Access monographs for themSimon Tanner
Keynote at: A Knowledge Exchange Workshop on Open Access and Monographs 7th – 8th November 2018, Brussels, Belgium
This talk will place the citizen at the centre of the debate about the value and potential impact of Open Access for monographs. It will consider how they are or could be effected by OA mandates, policy and infrastructures using the EC’s own impact policy agenda as a focal point to consider the economic, societal/community, innovation and operational.
Proposing the modes of digital value for a memory institutionSimon Tanner
Keynote delivered to the Museums and Digital Memory: from creation and curation to digital preservation - a British Museum conference: Monday 3rd september 2018
#MADM2018
ABSTRACT
I conceive of museums as ‘memory institutions’ as they assume a common aspiration in preserving, organizing and making available the cultural and intellectual records of their societies. Within this context the way they value their work and activity is a critical conception, especially in fast moving digital times. Value is individually understood and attributed but collectively shared and thus magnified. The word ‘value’ describes an idea about economics, an idea about personal expression and an idea about morality. Often these may be seen as in tension with each other. As the anthropologist Daniel Miller stresses value when expressed as ‘prices’ is directly opposed to value understood as ‘values’.
In a heritage context tangible value is often associated with artefacts, historic sites or places that are considered by organizations like UNESCO or ICOMOS as ‘inherently and intrinsically of value’. Intangible value is considered to be something that cannot be touched (such as education or social memory) or has a large information component and has greater fluidity, possibly changing in value over time and between different groups (such as beliefs, interests or symbolic associations). Intangible value is essential to appreciate for both memory institutions and digital resources - they rely on intangible values such as knowledge, social memory, education, brand or goodwill.
In my paper I argue for defining modes of value for digital culture in museums not solely driven by economics but which contain indicators of other more intangible values, even including non-use.
These 5 Value Lenses focus attention reflecting core values measured for their impact. The 5 Value Lenses are:
Utility Value
Existence and/or Prestige Value
Education Value
Community Value
Inheritance / Legacy Value
These will be described in the paper and their usefulness to museums digital curation activities will be aligned.
Walking the talk of open research and open innovation in practiceSimon Tanner
Introduce the Department of Digital Humanities & King’s Digital Labs. A personal journey of the research benefits of Open: Access/Data/Research. Structuring open research in Digital Humanities at King’s. Open Innovation and the Digital Humanities in the Arts and Humanities.
This is Simon Tanner's presentation at #MCN2016 as part of the session titled Beyond Open Access: Creating Culture By, With, and For the Public. Co-presented with Liz Neely, Merete Sanderhoff and Andrea Wallace.
Mirror, Signal, Manoeuvre How understanding context, indicators and strategi...Simon Tanner
Keynote presentation given to the Discovering Collections, Discovering Communities DCDC2015 Conference, October 2015, Manchester.
#dcdc15
DCDC (Discovering Collections, Discovering Communities) is a collaborative conference hosted by The National Archives and RLUK that explores inter-disciplinary, cross-sector approaches and opportunities to developing and widening access to the wealth of our collections through partnership and collaborative working, across the heritage, cultural and academic sectors.
The Academic Book of the Future - Progress & REF2014 dataSimon Tanner
Presentation given by Simon Tanner for the The Academic Book of the Future at the Association of Learned and Professional Society Publishers International Conference, September 2015.
http://www.alpsp.org/Ebusiness/TrainingAndEvents/ALPSPInternationalConference.aspx
This presentation provides a first glance at the research data gathered on book s submitted to the REF2014. It also summarises some progress to date and Michael Jubb's research findings of issues of importance to academics and publishers alike.
When Crowdsourcing was called Telecrofting - origin stories and challengesSimon Tanner
Presentation by Simon Tanner given at: CITIZEN HUMANITIES COMES OF AGE: CROWDSOURCING FOR THE 21ST CENTURY.
9th and 10th September 2015, King's College London
Presentation on funding and financing digitisation projects given at the Museum Librarians and Archivists Group (MLAG) Conference 2015 - The D-Word: tips and tricks for digitising library & archive collections.
Raising Funds: some advice for our PhD studentsSimon Tanner
This is the supporting material for the workshop given by Simon Tanner of the Department of Digital Humanities to our PhD students on finding and raising funds - whether for their PhD or other research interest.
Through a glass, darkly – reflections upon digitisationSimon Tanner
Digitisation is a process in which we seek to find a digital future from the material cultures and intellectual objects of the past. We seek to reflect upon these to gain new insights and possibly even fresh enlightenment. But as Paul the apostle stated in 1 Corinthians 13:12: “we see through a glass, darkly” and have an obscure or imperfect vision. Simon Tanner hopes in this keynote he will add light by sharing his reflections upon the benefits and value of digitization to research and scholarship. Further he will seek to provoke debate and discussion – can we see more clearly by using digitization as a means to investigate the past?
Keynote given at:
https://clarkestudios.wordpress.com/symposium-programme/abstracts/
Podcast of presentation here:
https://soundcloud.com/tlrhub/session-2part-3-digital-collections-keynote
Democratisation of Collections through Digitisation.Simon Tanner
Public lecture: Democratisation of Collections through Digitisation. The talk will be delivered by Simon Tanner, Senior Tutor in the Department of Digital Humanities, King’s College London, and Founding Director of King’s Digital Consultancy Services.
In his talk Simon will explore how accelerating access to unique and distinct library content activates new areas of scholarship and teaching. He will also offer his insight, based on his extensive experience in the area, into the successful collaboration between Libraries, Academic Support areas and Digital Humanities scholars
Presented at the IIPC Web Archiving Conference, 6-7th June 2019, Zagreb, Croatia.
http://netpreserve.org/ga2019/programme/wac/
This paper presents the results of a study to examine, determine and propose the optimal approach to develop impact assessment indicators for the UK Web Archive (UKWA). In the United Kingdom, legal deposit libraries collaboratively operate a nationwide web archiving project, the UKWA, which has collected over 500 TB of data and is growing by approximately 60–70 TB a year. At the same time, UK publicly funded organisations face reduced funding and the challenge of convincing funders to finance their archival function by undergoing evaluations of their services’ values.
Under such circumstances, a proper assessment of the values and impacts of web archiving is a point of discussion for cultural heritage organisations. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, there has not yet been a comprehensive assessment or evaluation of the UKWA conducted. Thus, this paper seeks to answer the research question: “What would the indicators of impact assessment for the UKWA be?” As a result, we propose a set of impact assessment indicators for the UKWA (and web archiving in general) with broad strategic perspectives including social, cultural, educational and economic impact.
This study examines and proposes the optimal approach to develop impact assessment indicators for the UKWA. The research began by analysing the literature of impact assessment frameworks for digital resources and the types of impact in related fields. Primarily drawing from Simon Tanner’s Balanced Value Impact Model (BVI Model), this research then proposes impact indicators for the UKWA and develops an impact assessment plan consisting of three stages: context setting, indicator development, and indicator evaluation.
This paper will present the method and results of the study. Firstly, it identified the UKWA’s foundational context, the mission, the principal values and the key stakeholder groups. The research project prioritised focal areas for the archive that seem most advantageous for stakeholders and aligned with Tanner’s Value Lenses. Secondly, we proposed the UKWA impact assessment indicators; scrutinising existing indicators and various evidence collection methods. In the third stage, the developed indicators’ functionality was checked against set quality criteria and then tested through semi-structured interviews and survey submissions with 8 UKWA staff members.
Finally, the paper presents the thirteen potential indicators for the UKWA. Based on the lessons learned, presenters will also make recommendations for organisations which recognise the necessity of undertaking impact assessments of their web archives.
Developing the Balanced Value Impact Model to assess the impact of digital re...Simon Tanner
Presentation at the University of Maryland College of Information Studies (UMD iSchool).
This talk offers a sneak peek at the Balanced Value Impact Model 2.0 (BVI Model). He will introduce the Digital Humanities at King's, link this to his open and collaborative research practices to tell the story of the intellectual development of the BVI Model. Tanner will then go on to detail the BVI Model 2.0 to highlight what's new and how it works. He relates these changes to his collaboration with Europeana to develop their Impact Playbook and look to the future of that tool.
Life Writes Its Own Stories: The value and research benefits gained from digi...Simon Tanner
Keynote for the From text to data – new ways of reading conference on the 7-8 February 2019 at The National Library of Sweden, Stockholm, Sweden.
http://www.kb.se/bibliotek/utbildningar/2019/from-text-to-data/
Teaching Digital Preservation at scale on the MA Digital Asset & Media Manage...Simon Tanner
Presentation during World Digital Preservation Day 2018 and International Conference 'Memory Makers' organised by DPC and the Dutch Digital Heritage Network
Focusing on European citizens and the impact of Open Access monographs for themSimon Tanner
Keynote at: A Knowledge Exchange Workshop on Open Access and Monographs 7th – 8th November 2018, Brussels, Belgium
This talk will place the citizen at the centre of the debate about the value and potential impact of Open Access for monographs. It will consider how they are or could be effected by OA mandates, policy and infrastructures using the EC’s own impact policy agenda as a focal point to consider the economic, societal/community, innovation and operational.
Proposing the modes of digital value for a memory institutionSimon Tanner
Keynote delivered to the Museums and Digital Memory: from creation and curation to digital preservation - a British Museum conference: Monday 3rd september 2018
#MADM2018
ABSTRACT
I conceive of museums as ‘memory institutions’ as they assume a common aspiration in preserving, organizing and making available the cultural and intellectual records of their societies. Within this context the way they value their work and activity is a critical conception, especially in fast moving digital times. Value is individually understood and attributed but collectively shared and thus magnified. The word ‘value’ describes an idea about economics, an idea about personal expression and an idea about morality. Often these may be seen as in tension with each other. As the anthropologist Daniel Miller stresses value when expressed as ‘prices’ is directly opposed to value understood as ‘values’.
In a heritage context tangible value is often associated with artefacts, historic sites or places that are considered by organizations like UNESCO or ICOMOS as ‘inherently and intrinsically of value’. Intangible value is considered to be something that cannot be touched (such as education or social memory) or has a large information component and has greater fluidity, possibly changing in value over time and between different groups (such as beliefs, interests or symbolic associations). Intangible value is essential to appreciate for both memory institutions and digital resources - they rely on intangible values such as knowledge, social memory, education, brand or goodwill.
In my paper I argue for defining modes of value for digital culture in museums not solely driven by economics but which contain indicators of other more intangible values, even including non-use.
These 5 Value Lenses focus attention reflecting core values measured for their impact. The 5 Value Lenses are:
Utility Value
Existence and/or Prestige Value
Education Value
Community Value
Inheritance / Legacy Value
These will be described in the paper and their usefulness to museums digital curation activities will be aligned.
Walking the talk of open research and open innovation in practiceSimon Tanner
Introduce the Department of Digital Humanities & King’s Digital Labs. A personal journey of the research benefits of Open: Access/Data/Research. Structuring open research in Digital Humanities at King’s. Open Innovation and the Digital Humanities in the Arts and Humanities.
This is Simon Tanner's presentation at #MCN2016 as part of the session titled Beyond Open Access: Creating Culture By, With, and For the Public. Co-presented with Liz Neely, Merete Sanderhoff and Andrea Wallace.
Mirror, Signal, Manoeuvre How understanding context, indicators and strategi...Simon Tanner
Keynote presentation given to the Discovering Collections, Discovering Communities DCDC2015 Conference, October 2015, Manchester.
#dcdc15
DCDC (Discovering Collections, Discovering Communities) is a collaborative conference hosted by The National Archives and RLUK that explores inter-disciplinary, cross-sector approaches and opportunities to developing and widening access to the wealth of our collections through partnership and collaborative working, across the heritage, cultural and academic sectors.
The Academic Book of the Future - Progress & REF2014 dataSimon Tanner
Presentation given by Simon Tanner for the The Academic Book of the Future at the Association of Learned and Professional Society Publishers International Conference, September 2015.
http://www.alpsp.org/Ebusiness/TrainingAndEvents/ALPSPInternationalConference.aspx
This presentation provides a first glance at the research data gathered on book s submitted to the REF2014. It also summarises some progress to date and Michael Jubb's research findings of issues of importance to academics and publishers alike.
When Crowdsourcing was called Telecrofting - origin stories and challengesSimon Tanner
Presentation by Simon Tanner given at: CITIZEN HUMANITIES COMES OF AGE: CROWDSOURCING FOR THE 21ST CENTURY.
9th and 10th September 2015, King's College London
Presentation on funding and financing digitisation projects given at the Museum Librarians and Archivists Group (MLAG) Conference 2015 - The D-Word: tips and tricks for digitising library & archive collections.
Raising Funds: some advice for our PhD studentsSimon Tanner
This is the supporting material for the workshop given by Simon Tanner of the Department of Digital Humanities to our PhD students on finding and raising funds - whether for their PhD or other research interest.
Through a glass, darkly – reflections upon digitisationSimon Tanner
Digitisation is a process in which we seek to find a digital future from the material cultures and intellectual objects of the past. We seek to reflect upon these to gain new insights and possibly even fresh enlightenment. But as Paul the apostle stated in 1 Corinthians 13:12: “we see through a glass, darkly” and have an obscure or imperfect vision. Simon Tanner hopes in this keynote he will add light by sharing his reflections upon the benefits and value of digitization to research and scholarship. Further he will seek to provoke debate and discussion – can we see more clearly by using digitization as a means to investigate the past?
Keynote given at:
https://clarkestudios.wordpress.com/symposium-programme/abstracts/
Podcast of presentation here:
https://soundcloud.com/tlrhub/session-2part-3-digital-collections-keynote
Democratisation of Collections through Digitisation.Simon Tanner
Public lecture: Democratisation of Collections through Digitisation. The talk will be delivered by Simon Tanner, Senior Tutor in the Department of Digital Humanities, King’s College London, and Founding Director of King’s Digital Consultancy Services.
In his talk Simon will explore how accelerating access to unique and distinct library content activates new areas of scholarship and teaching. He will also offer his insight, based on his extensive experience in the area, into the successful collaboration between Libraries, Academic Support areas and Digital Humanities scholars
6. “the measurable outcomes arising from the existence of a
digital resource that demonstrate a change in the life or life
opportunities of the community”
www.kdcs.kcl.ac.uk/innovation/impact.html
14. With thanks to Alice Maggs for the Impact illustrations
alice.100@hotmail.com
Editor's Notes
Custom animation effects: motion paths with auto-reverse, varying speeds(Advanced)To reproduce the shape effects on this slide, do the following:On the Home tab, in the Slides group, click Layout, and then click Blank.On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Shapes, and then under Rectangles, select Rectangle (first option from the left). On the slide, drag to draw the first rectangle.Select the rectangle. Under Drawing Tools, on the Format tab, in the Size group, do the following:In the Shape Height box, enter 0.86”.In the Shape Width box, enter 10.5”.Under Drawing Tools, on the Format tab, in the ShapeStyles group, click the FormatShape dialog box launcher. In the Format Shape dialog box, in the left pane, click Fill. In the Fill pane, click Solid fill,and then do the following:Click the button next to Color, and click MoreColors.In the Colors dialog box, on the Custom tab, enter values for Red: 86, Green: 113, Blue: 118.In the Transparency box, enter 40%. Also in the Format Shape dialog box, in the left pane, click Line Color, and then inthe Line Color pane, click No line.Select the rectangle.On the Home tab, in the Clipboard group, click the arrow underPaste, and then click Duplicate. Select the duplicate rectangle. Under Drawing Tools, on the Format tab, in the Size group, do the following:In the Shape Height box, enter 0.86”.In the Shape Width box, enter 4.96”.Under Drawing Tools, on the Format tab, in the ShapeStyles group, click the FormatShape dialog box launcher.In the Format Shape dialog box, in the left pane, click Fill. In the Fill pane, select Solid fill. Click the button next to Color,and then under Theme Colorsselect Red, Accent 2, Darker 50% (sixth row, sixth option from the left). In the Transparency box, enter 40%.Press and hold SHIFT and select both rectangles. On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange,point to Align, and then do the following:Click Align to Slide.Click Align Center.Click Align Middle.To reproduce the animation effects for the second rectangle on this slide, do the following:Select the second rectangle (smaller, red).On the Animations tab, in the Animations group, click CustomAnimation. (Note: For this animation effect, the first (largest, blue) rectangle remains stationary on the slide.)In the Custom Animation task pane, click Add Effect, point to Motion Paths, and then click Right. On the slide, select motion path endpoint (red arrow), and drag the end of the path beyond the right edge of the slide. Select the motion path starting point (green arrow), and drag the starting point of the path beyond the left edge of the slide. In the CustomAnimationtask pane, click the motion path animation effect,and then under Modify: Right,in the Start list,select With Previous. Also in the CustomAnimationtask pane, click the arrow next to the motion path animation effect, and click Effect Options. In the Right dialog box, do the following:On the Effect tab, under Settings, select Auto-Reverse.On the Timing tab, in the Speed box, enter 3.55 seconds, and thenin the Repeat list, select Until End of Slide.To reproduce the animation effects for the third rectangle on this slide, do the following:Select the second (small, red) rectangle.On the Home tab, in the Clipboard group, click the arrow under Paste, click Duplicate, and then drag the new rectangle (along with the new motion path) above the other rectangles. Repeat this step three more times until there is a total of six rectangles (including the original two).Select the third rectangle. Under Drawing Tools, on the Format tab, in the Size group, do the following:In the Shape Height box, enter 0.86”.In the Shape Width box, enter 3.16”.Under Drawing Tools, on the Format tab, in the ShapeStyles group, click the FormatShape dialog box launcher. In the Format Shape dialog box, in the left pane, click Fill. In the Fill pane, click Solid fill,and then do the following:Click the button next to Color, and then click MoreColors.In the Colors dialog box, on the Custom tab, enter values for Red: 79, Green: 129, Blue: 189.In the Transparency box, enter 40%. On the Animations tab, in the Animations group, click CustomAnimation. In the CustomAnimation task pane, click the third rectangle motion path animation effect, and then under Modify: Right, in the Start list,select With Previous. Also in the CustomAnimationtask pane, click the arrow next to the third rectangle motion path animation effect, and then click Effect Options. In the Effect Options dialog box, do the following:On the Effect tab, under Settings, select Auto-Reverse.On the Timing tab, in the Repeat list,select Until End of Slide, and in the Speed box, enter 3.1 seconds.On the slide, position the third rectangle on the first (and longest) rectangle, lining up the top and bottom edges.To reproduce the animation effects for the fourth rectangle on this slide, do the following:Select the fourth rectangle. Under Drawing Tools, on the Format tab, in the Size group, do the following:In the Shape Height box, enter 0.86”.In the Shape Width box, enter 1.68”.Under Drawing Tools, on the Format tab, in the ShapeStyles group, click the FormatShape dialog box launcher. In the Format Shape dialog box in the left pane, click Fill. In the Fill pane, click Solid fill,and then do the following:Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors click Olive Green, Accent 3, Darker 50% (sixth row, seventh option from the left).In the Transparency box, enter 40%. On the Animations tab, in the Animations group, click CustomAnimation. In the CustomAnimation task pane, select the fourthrectangle motion path animation effect, and under Modify: Right, in the Start box, select With Previous. Also in the CustomAnimationtask pane, click the arrow next to the fourth rectangle motion path animation effect, and then click Effect Options. In the Effect Options dialog box, do the following:On the Effect tab, under Settings, select Auto-Reverse.On the Timing tab, in the Repeat list,select Until End of Slide, and in the Speed box, enter 3.95 seconds.On the slide, position the fourth rectangle on the first (and longest) rectangle, lining up the top and bottom edges.To reproduce the animation effects for the fifth rectangle on this slide, do the following:Select the fifthrectangle. Under Drawing Tools, on the Format tab, in the Size group, do the following:In the Shape Height box, enter 0.86”.In the Shape Width box, enter 1.5”.Under Drawing Tools, on the Format tab, in the ShapeStyles group, click the FormatShape dialog box launcher. In the Format Shape dialog box in the left pane, click Fill. In the Fill pane, click Solid fill,and then do the following:Click the button next to Color, and then click MoreColors.In the Colors dialog box, on the Custom tab, enter values for Red: 127, Green:140, Blue: 60.In the Transparency box, enter 40%. On the Animations tab, in the Animations group, click CustomAnimation. In the CustomAnimation task pane, select the fifthrectangle motion path animation effect, and then under Modify: Right, in the Start list,select With Previous. Also in the CustomAnimationtask pane, click the arrow next to the fifth rectangle motion path animation effect, and then click Effect Options. In the Effect Options dialog box, do the following:On the Effect tab, under Settings, select Auto-Reverse.On the Timing tab, in the Repeat list, select Until End of Slide, and in the Speed box, enter 5.3 seconds.On the slide, position the fifth rectangle on the first (and longest) rectangle, lining up the top and bottom edges. To reproduce the animation effects for the sixth rectangle on this slide, do the following:Select the sixth rectangle. Under Drawing Tools, on the Format tab, in the Size group, do the following:In the Shape Height box, enter 0.86”.In the Shape Width box, enter 0.98”.Under Drawing Tools, on the Format tab, in the ShapeStyles group, click the FormatShape dialog box launcher. In the Format Shape dialog box in the left pane, click Fill. In the Fill pane, click Solid fill,and then do the following:Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors click Olive Green, Accent 3, Darker 25% (fifth row, seventh option from the left).In the Transparency box, enter 40%. On the Animations tab, in the Animations group, click CustomAnimation. In the CustomAnimation task pane, select the sixth rectangle motion path animation effect, and under Modify: Right, in the Start box, select With Previous. Also in the CustomAnimationtask pane, click the arrow next to the sixth rectangle motion path animation effect, and then click Effect Options. In the Effect Options dialog box, do the following:On the Effect tab, under Settings, select Auto-Reverse.On the Timing tab, in the Repeat list, select Until End of Slide, and in the Speed box, enter 4.2 seconds.On the slide, position the sixth rectangle on the first (and longest) rectangle, lining up the top and bottom edges. To reproduce the background effects on this slide, do the following:Right-click the slide background area, and then click Format Background. In the Format Background dialog box, click Fill in the left pane, select Gradient fill in the right pane, and then do the following:In the Type list, select Radial.Click the button next to Direction, and then click From Center (third option from the left). Under Gradient stops, click Add or Remove until two stops appear in the drop-down list.Also under Gradient stops, customize the gradient stops that you added as follows:Select Stop 1 from the list, and then do the following:In the Stop position box, enter 40%.Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors click Black, Text 1, Lighter 50% (second row, second option from the left).Select Stop 2 from the list, and then do the following: In the Stop position box, enter 100%.Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors click Black, Text 1 (first row, second option from the left).