4. 1. Are you fond of reading short stories?
2. Why are they called a short stories?
5. 1. Are you fond of reading short stories?
2. Why are they called a short stories?
3.How many short stories have you read?
6. 1. Are you fond of reading short stories?
2. Why are they called a short stories?
3.How many short stories have you read?
4. Give some Filipino short story writers you admire
most.
7. SHORT STORIES
• A short stories is a short work of fiction. Fiction is a prose
writing about imaged events and characters. Prose writing
differs from poetry in that it does not rely on verses,
meters, or rhymes for its organization and presentation. A
short story is shorter than a novel and usually deals with
only few characters. It is usually concerned with a single
effect conveyed in only one or few significant episodes or
scenes.
8. IN READING SHORT STORIES, IT IS NECESSARY THAT
YOU IDENTIFY THE FOLLOWING ELEMENTS:
SETTING
The time and location in which a story takes
place is called the setting:
Place – geographical or physical location
Time – time when the story is taking place
Weather Conditions – Is it rainy, sunny,
stormy, etc?
Social Conditions – the daily life of the
characters contain local color
Mood or Atmosphere – feeling created at the
beginning of the story.
9. PLOT
The plot is how the author arranges events to
develop his basic idea.
It is the sequence of events in a story or play.
• Five essential parts of plot:
a) Introduction – The beginning of the story
where the characters and the setting are
revealed.
b) Rising Action – This is where the events in
the story become complicated and the
conflict in the story is revealed.
c) Climax – This is the highest point of interest
and the turning point of the story.
d) Falling action – The events and complications
begin to be resolved.
e) Denouement – This is the final outcome or
unravelling of events in the story.
10. CONFLICT
CHARACTERS
It is the struggle that characters have to
contend with.
It is opposition of forces which ties one
incident to another and makes the plot move.
It is any form of opposition that faces the
main character.
Types of conflicts include:
Man vs. Man (physical);
Man vs. Circumstances (classical);
Man vs. Society (social);
Man vs. Himself/Herself (physhological)
The persons in the story and their
characteristics, e.g., their physical
appearance; what they say, think, feel, and
dream; what they do or do not do; what
others say about them and how others react
to them.
11. POINT OF VIEW
Point of view is defined as the angle from
which the story is told.
When we talk of the point of view of a story,
we are simply saying “How is the story told?”
There are several ways of doing this:
o Third Person Point-of-View: The author
tells the story.
o First Person Point-of-View: One of the
characters narrate the story.
o Second Person Point-of-View: The reader is
involved in the action, i.e., the reader is one of
the characters,
12. THEME
The theme in a piece of fiction is its
controlling idea or its central insight. It is the
author’s underlying meaning or main idea
that he is trying to convey.
Examples:
• Anything too much is bad;
• Love conquers all
• Money is the root of all evil.
