Shin Splints
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Shin splints are caused by fatigue and trauma to the muscles and tendons in the lower leg and ankle area from the excessive force exerted during activities like running and dancing. Athletes, runners, dancers, and aggressive walkers are most at risk. To avoid shin splints, one should use good quality shoes, gradually increase exercise intensity, rest when needed, and watch for proper form and terrain. Treatments include resting, icing, anti-inflammatory drugs, arch supports, exercises and compression sleeves.
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In other words, the situation which occurs accidently during physical activity or when the player does not remain in the position of participating in the game or his physical ability decreases is also referred to sports injuries.
Direct injury is caused by an external blow or force.
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A concussion refers to more widespread brain trauma from a blow to the head or swift shaking
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Shin splints are a common overuse injury that results from inflammation of the muscles and tissues in the front of the lower leg. They typically occur in beginner or returning runners due to tight calf muscles or a sudden increase in speed or distance. Symptoms include pain along the shin bone that is worse with activity and the next morning. Treatment involves rest, ice, stretching, and strengthening exercises to prevent reoccurrence.
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- The ACL originates on the lateral femoral condyle and inserts on the tibia, providing primary stability to prevent anterior tibial translation.
- Most ACL tears are non-contact injuries involving sudden deceleration, change of direction, or landing from a jump with the knee near full extension.
- Physical exam includes Lachman, anterior drawer, and pivot shift tests to assess knee stability. MRI is used to confirm ACL tear.
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In other words, the situation which occurs accidently during physical activity or when the player does not remain in the position of participating in the game or his physical ability decreases is also referred to sports injuries.
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A concussion refers to more widespread brain trauma from a blow to the head or swift shaking
Laceration is the tearing of skin with a sharp object or by impact injury from a blunt object or force that results in an irregular wounds.Warm up and cool down
Stretching before and after activity
Cross –train activity
Dress right
Use proper technique
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Static stretching
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hoffas fat pad syndrome.pptx
Introduction:-
Hoffa's pad syndrome also known as Infrapatellar fat syndrome is an intrinsic disease of Hoffa's fat pad and a problem of knee joint which causes the pain at the front of knee joint so this pain is known as anterior knee pain.
Hoffa's fat pad contains pluripotent cells that can differentiate into osteoblasts and chondrocytes.
Hoffa's pad becomes inflamed or Damaged by The crushing of the pad between the femur and tibia during extension, causes inflammation of Hoffa's fat pad.
Nerve supply of fat pad is excellent( It receives branches of the femoral , common peroneal and saphenous nerves) so if it occurs any injury ,causes a sharp anterior knee pain.
The infrapatellar fat pad is a pad of adipose tissue underneath or deep to the patella tendon and the top of the fat pad attaches to the lower part of patella (knee cap).
hoffa's pad is a shock absorber ,when there is a direct force on the patella can result in pinching of the fat pad between femur and tibial plateau. The tibial plateau is the proximal tibial surface on which the femur rests.
HFP is surrounded anteriorly by the patellar tendon and the joint capsule, superiorly by the inferior pole of the patella, inferiorly by the proximal tibia and the deep infrapatellar bursa, and posteriorly by the joint synovium .
The main function of the HFP is to reduce friction between the patella, the patellar tendon, and the deep skeletal structures. In addition, it prevents pinching of the synovial membrane and it facilitates the vascularization of adjacent structures.
Causes:-
cause is usually due to single or repetitive traumatic episodes.
when you extend your knee the fat pad act as a cushion and reduces friction between outer patella facets and quadriceps tendons .
when you flex your knee ,upper part of fat pad becomes tensioned, it moves backwards in the knee.
it develops gradually over time if you repeatedly move your knee.
This is when your knee is forced to move forward from its completely straight normal position.
You may have always been able to over straighten your knee, which is called knee hyperextension or genu recurvatum .
hyperextension sports such as basketball, volleyball or high jumping may also cause inflammation of Hoffa's pad.
Hoffa's disease is more frequent in young women and the symptoms are anterior knee pain when upstairs and downstairs.
Sign and Symptoms:-
Complaints of anterior knee pain occurs when playing hyperextension sports such as basketball ,volleyball or high jumping .effusion and inflammation may be occurs and decreases the ROM of joint , stair negotiation .
Symptoms may worsen if the knee is overly straightened or bent for too long a period. Complications may include an inability to fully straighten the knee.
Diagnosis:-
Hoffa's syndrome completely diagnosed by MRI .we have requirement of an experienced orthopaedics to diagnose it.
primary Assessment have to check the Active and Passive Range Of Motion(AROM/PROM) of Hip joint and Knee joint.
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Chondromalacia patella
Introduction:
Patellofemoral pain (PFP) is one of the most common disorders of the knee. The knee is involved in around 10% of all sporting injuries.
Tria and Alica, described Wiberg classification of patella facet shapes, and there is another classification based on Morphology ratio.
The purpose of this case control study is comparison between the different morphologic types of the patella (Wiberg classification and morphology Ratio) in patients with chondromalacia and normal persons.
Patients & Methods:
In this study we evaluated 30 limbs in 30 patients with chondromalacia (20 females, 10 males ). Medial and lateral facets were calculated on patellar knee view. Also patellar articular length and overall patellar length were calculated in knee joint in 30 flexion. The results were compared to values obtained from 30 limbs in 30 healthy volunteers.
Results:
In Wiberg classification, 57% of normal persons had patella type I while 17% of patients with chondromolacia had this type (p=0.01). Also 43% of normal persons had patella type II while 83% of patients had this type (p= 0.01).
In Morphology ratio classification, 40% of normal persons had patella type II while 13% of patients had this type (p=0.02). Also none of normal persons had patella type III while 13% of patients had this type (p=0.03).
Discussion:
A variety of sports commonly lead to chondromoalacia patella due to unusual compressive forces. Therefore young population specially athletes should pay attention to their patella shapes for selecting the sports types.
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Orthopaedic Medicine – L. Ombregt
Campbell’s Operative Orthopaedics
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The pain associated with shin splints is a result of fatigue or trauma to the muscle tissue surrounding the tibia. In an effort to keep the foot, ankle and lower leg stable, the muscles exert a great force on the tibia. The result is an inflammatory response.
There are many causes of shin splints, but they most commonly occur in cases of overuse or overload training and poor biomechanics...
For more Information
http://absolutehealing.com.au/wp/shin-splints-what-are-they/
http://www.absolutehealing.com.au/Remedial_Massage.html
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hoffas fat pad syndrome.pptx
Introduction:-
Hoffa's pad syndrome also known as Infrapatellar fat syndrome is an intrinsic disease of Hoffa's fat pad and a problem of knee joint which causes the pain at the front of knee joint so this pain is known as anterior knee pain.
Hoffa's fat pad contains pluripotent cells that can differentiate into osteoblasts and chondrocytes.
Hoffa's pad becomes inflamed or Damaged by The crushing of the pad between the femur and tibia during extension, causes inflammation of Hoffa's fat pad.
Nerve supply of fat pad is excellent( It receives branches of the femoral , common peroneal and saphenous nerves) so if it occurs any injury ,causes a sharp anterior knee pain.
The infrapatellar fat pad is a pad of adipose tissue underneath or deep to the patella tendon and the top of the fat pad attaches to the lower part of patella (knee cap).
hoffa's pad is a shock absorber ,when there is a direct force on the patella can result in pinching of the fat pad between femur and tibial plateau. The tibial plateau is the proximal tibial surface on which the femur rests.
HFP is surrounded anteriorly by the patellar tendon and the joint capsule, superiorly by the inferior pole of the patella, inferiorly by the proximal tibia and the deep infrapatellar bursa, and posteriorly by the joint synovium .
The main function of the HFP is to reduce friction between the patella, the patellar tendon, and the deep skeletal structures. In addition, it prevents pinching of the synovial membrane and it facilitates the vascularization of adjacent structures.
Causes:-
cause is usually due to single or repetitive traumatic episodes.
when you extend your knee the fat pad act as a cushion and reduces friction between outer patella facets and quadriceps tendons .
when you flex your knee ,upper part of fat pad becomes tensioned, it moves backwards in the knee.
it develops gradually over time if you repeatedly move your knee.
This is when your knee is forced to move forward from its completely straight normal position.
You may have always been able to over straighten your knee, which is called knee hyperextension or genu recurvatum .
hyperextension sports such as basketball, volleyball or high jumping may also cause inflammation of Hoffa's pad.
Hoffa's disease is more frequent in young women and the symptoms are anterior knee pain when upstairs and downstairs.
Sign and Symptoms:-
Complaints of anterior knee pain occurs when playing hyperextension sports such as basketball ,volleyball or high jumping .effusion and inflammation may be occurs and decreases the ROM of joint , stair negotiation .
Symptoms may worsen if the knee is overly straightened or bent for too long a period. Complications may include an inability to fully straighten the knee.
Diagnosis:-
Hoffa's syndrome completely diagnosed by MRI .we have requirement of an experienced orthopaedics to diagnose it.
primary Assessment have to check the Active and Passive Range Of Motion(AROM/PROM) of Hip joint and Knee joint.
Piriformis syndrome
Piriformis syndrome is a condition where sciatica symptoms occur due to involvement of the piriformis muscle, often caused by muscle tightness or trauma. It results in entrapment of the sciatic or pudendal nerves, leading to pain, tingling, and numbness in the buttocks, thigh, and leg. Diagnosis involves physical tests like the Freiberg test and treatment focuses on stretching, strengthening, and modalities like massage to relieve tightness while surgery is rarely needed.
GOLFERS ELBOW AND PHYSIOTHERAPY MANAGEMENT
Golfer's elbow, also known as medial epicondylitis, is an overuse injury causing pain on the inner side of the elbow where forearm muscles attach. It results from repetitive motions like swinging a golf club or racket. Physiotherapy treatments include ultrasound, laser therapy, stretching and strengthening exercises to reduce pain and inflammation, improve range of motion and muscle strength, and prevent reinjury. Conservative treatments are usually tried first before considering corticosteroid injections or surgery. Proper form, rest, stretching, strengthening, and equipment choices can help prevent golfer's elbow.
Bicep Femoris Tendinitis
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Chondromalacia patella
Introduction:
Patellofemoral pain (PFP) is one of the most common disorders of the knee. The knee is involved in around 10% of all sporting injuries.
Tria and Alica, described Wiberg classification of patella facet shapes, and there is another classification based on Morphology ratio.
The purpose of this case control study is comparison between the different morphologic types of the patella (Wiberg classification and morphology Ratio) in patients with chondromalacia and normal persons.
Patients & Methods:
In this study we evaluated 30 limbs in 30 patients with chondromalacia (20 females, 10 males ). Medial and lateral facets were calculated on patellar knee view. Also patellar articular length and overall patellar length were calculated in knee joint in 30 flexion. The results were compared to values obtained from 30 limbs in 30 healthy volunteers.
Results:
In Wiberg classification, 57% of normal persons had patella type I while 17% of patients with chondromolacia had this type (p=0.01). Also 43% of normal persons had patella type II while 83% of patients had this type (p= 0.01).
In Morphology ratio classification, 40% of normal persons had patella type II while 13% of patients had this type (p=0.02). Also none of normal persons had patella type III while 13% of patients had this type (p=0.03).
Discussion:
A variety of sports commonly lead to chondromoalacia patella due to unusual compressive forces. Therefore young population specially athletes should pay attention to their patella shapes for selecting the sports types.
Pes cavus (High ArchFoot) - PHYSIO
Deformities observed with Pes cavus includes :
*clawing of the toes
*posterior hind foot deformity (described as an increased calcaneal angle)
*contracture of the plantar fascia
*cock-up deformity of the great toe
Following References were used to prepare this powerpoint presentation which makes the slides accurate and relaible for studying purpose; Therapeutic Exrercise – Carolyn Kisner
Orthopaedic Physical Assessment – Magee
Orthopaedic Medicine – L. Ombregt
Campbell’s Operative Orthopaedics
Slides includes following headings;
DEFINITION
TYPES
ORTHOPAEDIC ASSESSMENT
MEDICAL MANAGGEMENT
PHYSIOTHERAPY MANAGEMENT
SURGICAL MANAGEMENT
SI JOINT DYSFUNCTION.pptx
SI joint dysfunction, causes,risk factors,muscles, ligaments affected the most, differentional diagnosis, x-findings, special test, muscles strengthening, ligament strengthening, daily physiotherapy protocal, electrotherapy treatment, strengthening and stretching protcol, precautions, postural correction
Iliotibial Band Syndrome (Itbs)
Iliotibial Band Syndrome (ITBS) is an overuse injury of the iliotibial band, a thick fascia that runs down the outside of the thigh. ITBS is caused by training errors like increasing mileage too quickly, running on uneven surfaces, or having poor form. Anatomical factors like tight muscles or leg length differences can also contribute. Diagnosis involves pain tests like the Renne Test or Noble Compression Test. Treatment starts with rest, ice, stretching, and anti-inflammatories. Later stages may include corticosteroid injections, surgery for refractory cases. Prevention focuses on gradual mileage increases, proper footwear, stretching, and avoiding uneven terrain.
Supraspinatus tendinitis 30may2013
Supraspinatus tendinitis is an inflammation of the supraspinatus tendon, which is one of the most commonly affected structures in the rotator cuff. It often results from repeated overhead arm motions or other activities that cause impingement beneath the coracoacromial arch. Symptoms include pain in the shoulder region that is worsened by motions like lifting the arm overhead. Treatment involves rest, exercises to strengthen the rotator cuff muscles, modalities like ultrasound to reduce inflammation, and manual therapy such as transverse friction massage to the tendon.
Iliotibial Band Syndrome Inservice
This study examined hip abductor strength in long distance runners with ITBS compared to uninjured runners. Runners with ITBS had weaker hip abductors on their injured side compared to their uninjured side and controls. Both male and female runners who completed a 6-week physical therapy program of hip abductor strengthening exercises achieved strength levels equal to or greater than their uninjured side and controls. Most runners were able to successfully return to running following the strengthening intervention. While the study included multiple treatments, it provides evidence that hip abductor weakness may play a role in ITBS and strengthening can help return runners to sport.
MET: Muscle Energy Technique
Muscle energy technique, a manual therapy technique with a long term history and 8 variations which can be used in various condition to treat muscle as well as joints. This slide show consists of detailed history, variations/types and summary of MET in detail.
Project 1: Turf Toe
Turf toe is an injury to the big toe caused by sudden forced extension of the toe upwards beyond its normal range of motion. This can occur during sports on hard artificial surfaces when an athlete's foot is forcibly stopped by their shoe gripping the ground. It damages the ligaments and joint capsule of the big toe, causing pain, swelling, and reduced motion. Treatment focuses on RICE and may include immobilization, physical therapy, or surgery for severe cases. Prevention involves wearing shoes with better support and limiting time on hard artificial surfaces.
Taping
The document provides information about taping techniques used in physiotherapy. It discusses:
1) The principles and purposes of taping, which include immobilizing joints to reduce pain and aid recovery while allowing some functional mobility.
2) The various materials used for taping like tape, underwrap, adhesive remover, scissors, powder, pads, and adhesive spray.
3) Different taping techniques like Kinesio taping, McConnell taping, Mulligan taping and their specific applications and characteristics.
4) Guidelines for proper taping including cleaning the skin, applying underwrap to sensitive skin, and positioning the joint in its range of motion.
Congenital Dislocation of the Hip - PHYSIOTHERAPY
Congenital dislocation of the hip (CDH), also known as developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH), is a condition where the femoral head is displaced from the acetabulum. It can occur before, during or after birth. Girls are more commonly affected than boys. Causes may include hereditary joint laxity, breech birth position, or defective acetabulum development. Treatment involves splinting or bracing in infants to encourage reduction, and may require surgery in older children if reduction does not occur. Physiotherapy focuses on maintaining reduction, improving range of motion and strengthening muscles.
Bone grafting(PT)
This is about bone grafting and its Physiotherapy Management. PT management of Bone grafting comes after performing surgery.
Physiotherapy Rehab After Total Hip Replacement
This document outlines the phases of rehabilitation following a total hip replacement surgery. It discusses examination of the patient, education provided, and four phases of rehabilitation: immobilization, maximum protection, moderate protection, and minimum protection. Each phase focuses on specific goals like regaining range of motion, strengthening muscles, improving gait, and resuming normal activities. Precautions are provided to prevent dislocation and protect the new hip joint at each stage of recovery.
Physiotherapy management for rheumatoid arthritis
Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease that causes chronic inflammation of the joints. It most commonly affects women and can lead to joint damage, deformity, and disability over time. Physiotherapy plays an important role in managing rheumatoid arthritis by providing pain relief, preventing deformities, improving flexibility and strength, and maintaining functional ability. Treatment involves heat/cold therapy, exercises, joint protection techniques, and alternative therapies to help reduce inflammation and preserve joint function. The goals of physiotherapy are to protect joints, relieve pain, and prevent disability through regular exercise and mobility work.
Orthosis of hand ppt
This document provides information on various types of hand orthosis including their objectives, indications, and principles. It describes static and dynamic orthosis used to immobilize, support, correct deformities, and facilitate motion of the wrist, fingers, and thumb. Examples include cock-up splints, gauntlet immobilization splints, and dynamic wrist extension splints. Biomechanical principles like three point pressure and stress distribution are discussed. Contraindications and importance of physical therapy evaluation and training are also summarized.
Osteoporosis And Physiotherapy Management
Osteoporosis is a disease characterized by low bone density and deterioration of bone tissue, leading to fragile bones and increased risk of fractures. It is most common in postmenopausal women and older adults. Key signs include loss of height, back pain from compressed fractures, and fractures of the spine, hips and wrists. Treatment focuses on lifestyle changes like exercise and diet to build bone density, as well as medications when needed to prevent further bone loss and reduce fracture risk. Physiotherapy emphasizes posture, balance training, strength exercises and avoiding flexion to help manage symptoms.
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Similar to Shin Splints
Sports massage sydney - Shin splints
Shin splints are injuries to the front of the outer leg. They are medically known as Tenoperiostitis of the shin, meaning inflammation to the tendon and muscle tissue attached to the bone. Shin splints belong to a group of injuries called overuse injuries. They occur most commonly in runners.
The pain associated with shin splints is a result of fatigue or trauma to the muscle tissue surrounding the tibia. In an effort to keep the foot, ankle and lower leg stable, the muscles exert a great force on the tibia. The result is an inflammatory response.
There are many causes of shin splints, but they most commonly occur in cases of overuse or overload training and poor biomechanics...
For more Information
http://absolutehealing.com.au/wp/shin-splints-what-are-they/
http://www.absolutehealing.com.au/Remedial_Massage.html
Sport Injuries - Ankle and Lower Leg Injuries
This document discusses the muscles, injuries, and treatments related to the lower leg and foot. It begins by listing the muscles responsible for ankle movements like dorsiflexion, plantarflexion, inversion, and eversion. It then describes common injuries like ankle sprains, fractures, stress fractures, shin splints, compartment syndrome, Achilles tendinitis, and plantar fasciitis. For each injury, it covers causes, signs, grading (for sprains), and treatment approaches like RICE, bracing, surgery, stretching, and modifying activities. Functional tests for the ankle and feet are also outlined.
Sporting Injuries Explained
We are told keeping fit is good for us but… Repeated activity can cause wear and tear on the body that can lead to injury.
Unfair actions or reckless behaviour can lead sporting injuries in team sports .
Five Most Common Running Injuries
The document discusses five common running injuries - plantar fasciitis, shin splints, runner's knee, Achilles tendonitis, and ITB friction syndrome. For each injury, it describes the overview, symptoms, and treatment options. The key points are to rest when injured, strengthen muscles, stretch properly, and seek treatment from a medical professional to prevent or treat injuries and get back to running safely.
Five Most Common Running Injuries
The document discusses five common running injuries - plantar fasciitis, shin splints, runner's knee, Achilles tendonitis, and ITB friction syndrome. For each injury, it describes the overview, symptoms, and treatment options. The key points are to rest when injured, strengthen muscles, stretch properly, and seek treatment from a medical professional to prevent aggravating common running injuries.
Ankle sprain
The document discusses ankle sprains, their causes, grades, and treatment. Ankle sprains are caused by the foot twisting unexpectedly during activities like walking on uneven surfaces, falling, or participating in sports. They are graded on a scale from 1 to 3 based on the severity of ligament tearing, with grade 1 being mild and grade 3 being severe. Treatment involves RICE - rest, icing, compression, and elevation of the ankle. Additional treatment may include physical therapy with exercises to regain strength, balance, range of motion, and prevent long-term ankle problems.
Structal kins lab project
This group project that a couple of my classmates and I did explains everything you need to know about ankle sprains. It covers from how bad of an ankle sprain it is, to the tendons, muscles, and bones that were involved. It even describes treatment and recovery time.
Plantar fasciitis (heel pain)-medical information
Doctors once thought bony growths called heel spurs brought on the pain. Now they believe that heel spurs are the result -- not the cause -- of plantar fasciitis.
Plantar fasciitis is inflammation of the thick band of tissue (also called a fascia) at the bottom of your foot that runs from your heel to your toes.
this is a brief study on plantar fasciitis
please comment
thank you
Ostomalacia Patella
Runner's knee, also known as chondromalacia patellae, is a softening and deterioration of the cartilage underneath the kneecap. It often occurs in young athletes and is caused by repetitive stress on the knees from high-impact activities like running or jumping. Symptoms include a dull ache around or behind the kneecap that increases with activities like walking up stairs. Treatment focuses on reducing pain and pressure on the kneecap through rest, bracing, anti-inflammatory medications, and exercises to strengthen the thigh muscles. Surgery may be considered in more severe cases that do not improve with conservative treatment.
Meniscusinjury And its Rehabilitation
The semilunar cartilages are commonly called menisci and form an important shock-absorbing mechanism, which helps in the gliding movement of the tibia on the femur. Injuries to the meniscus are common in young adults and are often sustained by the football players.
A meniscus tear is usually caused by twisting or turning quickly. These tears can occur when you lift something heavy or play sports. As you get older, your meniscus gets worn. This can make it tear more easily.
An abduction external rotation violence, on a flexed weight-bearing knee, causes a tear in the medial meniscus. in football, it occurs when the player standing on one leg, which is slightly flexed at the knee, turns to tackle the ball with the other leg.
The lateral meniscus is damaged by the opposite violence, that is, internal rotation and abduction violence of the tibia or a semiflexed weight-bearing knee.
Management
Paracetamol
Anti-inflammatory medicalYou can also take medication such as ibuprofen, aspirin, or any other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAID) medication to reduce pain and swelling around your knee.
Gr9 lesson4sportsinjuries
The document discusses various common sports injuries including shin splints, Achilles tendinitis, plantar fasciitis, sprained ankles, calf cramps, and jumper's knee. For each injury, it describes the causes, symptoms, and treatment methods. It also provides information on a grade 9 school project where students will create a flowchart poster outlining the first aid steps for treating a selected injury.
Yoga for runners
This document discusses how yoga can benefit runners by increasing strength and flexibility to counteract the tightness and imbalances caused by running. In a running mile, the foot strikes the ground 1000 times with 3-4 times body weight force, leading to back, knee, and foot pain over time from muscular imbalances. Yoga integrates the body, mind, and breath through poses that work the muscles, joints, and skeletal system to promote proprioception, relaxation, and avoid overexertion. Specific poses are recommended to stretch tight areas for runners like the hamstrings, hips, and lower back to prevent common running injuries and allow the body to recover fully.
Achilles Tendon Rupture.pptx
This document discusses Achilles tendon injuries and ankle sprains. It describes symptoms of an Achilles tear such as pain and inability to bend the foot. Causes include sudden increases in stress from sports or falls. Treatment options are nonsurgical with casting or surgery to stitch the tendon. Rehab includes physical therapy. Ankle sprains occur when ligaments are stretched from twists or rolls and can vary in severity. RICE treatment includes rest, ice, compression and elevation. Prevention focuses on warmups, conditioning, and wearing proper footwear.
Why are You Experiencing Heel Pain?
There are three common reasons why we suffer from heel and arch pain namely - plantar fasciitis, Achilles tendinitis and posterior tibial tendinitis.
Marathon Preparation
Carl Gustafson PT, AT, CSCS, co-owner of Sports and Physical Therapy Associates with 14 locations in the Boston, MA area shares his insight on preventing common running issues when training for a marathon.
Exercise and range of motion exercises
Exercise takes many forms but generally involves physical activity that requires skeletal muscle contraction and increases energy expenditure. There are two main types of exercise: isotonic exercises like running which involve muscle shortening and aerobic exercises that improve cardiovascular health. Range of motion exercises are important for maintaining joint mobility and include actively moving joints through their full motion without pain. The benefits of exercise include improvements to musculoskeletal, cardiovascular, respiratory, immune and cognitive function.
Stop Suffering From Foot, Knee, Hip, and Back Pain!
• Restore function and health to your feet, knees, hips and low back.
• Reduce/eliminate heel pain, plantar fasciitis, bunion and forefoot pain,
and reduce shock and pain in your knees, hips, and back.
• Sole Supports™ are the only orthotics that are “custom calibrated” to flex for your body weight. Flexible enough for comfort, yet enough
control to actually change foot function.
• Many college and professional athletes wear Sole Supports, since they maximize improvement to one’s posture, injury prevention, balance,
and athletic performance.
• Get back on your feet by getting back your arch!
Plantar fascitis
Plantar fasciitis is a painful condition caused by inflammation of the plantar fascia, a thick ligament connecting the heel to the toes. The pain is usually felt on the bottom of the foot near the heel and is worst upon waking or after long periods of sitting. Repeated microtears in the fascia from overuse can cause degeneration and inflammation. Risk factors include obesity, excessive running or prolonged standing, especially with inadequate foot support. Treatment focuses on reducing inflammation and strain through stretching, orthotics, night splints, and physical therapy exercises.
PeakPhysio.com Sports Injury Talks – TWO: Common running injuries
1) The document discusses common running injuries including iliotibial band syndrome and calf pain. It describes the gait cycle and biomechanical abnormalities that can lead to these injuries.
2) Assessment of lower limb biomechanics includes examining posture, range of motion, muscle lengths and strengths, balance, and functional tasks. Abnormal pelvic tilt and leg biomechanics can strain the knee.
3) Iliotibial band syndrome presents as lateral knee pain that is worse with downhill running. Treatment focuses on modifying activities, soft tissue work, stretching tight muscles, strengthening hips, and correcting biomechanics. Calf pain treatment also emphasizes rest, examining biomechanics, stretching, and strengthening.
Activity And Exercise
The document discusses mobility, exercise, and positioning as they relate to nursing fundamentals. It defines types of exercise and their benefits. It also outlines complications of immobility like contractures and DVT. Nursing interventions for impaired mobility include proper positioning, range of motion exercises, ambulation assistance, and skin integrity measures to prevent pressure ulcers.
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Stop Suffering From Foot, Knee, Hip, and Back Pain!
Stop Suffering From Foot, Knee, Hip, and Back Pain!
PeakPhysio.com Sports Injury Talks – TWO: Common running injuries
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Ch 10 Lecture Outline
This document provides an overview of the muscular system, including:
- The organization of skeletal muscles into fascicles that determine their power, range, and speed.
- The four patterns of fascicle arrangement: parallel, convergent, pennate, and circular.
- The three classes of levers that muscles use to move bones at joints.
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Chapter 10
Preeclampsia is a disorder of pregnancy that causes high blood pressure and signs of damage to other organ systems. It typically occurs after 37 weeks of pregnancy and is caused by constriction of blood vessels. Risk factors include family history, obesity, multiple pregnancies, and pre-existing conditions like diabetes or kidney disease. Symptoms include high blood pressure, protein in the urine, headaches, and sudden swelling. Treatments focus on preventing seizures through magnesium and managing blood pressure with medications. Abruptio placentae occurs when the placenta separates from the uterus prematurely, depriving the baby of oxygen and nutrients. It can cause vaginal bleeding, abdominal pain, and back pain in the mother. Risk
Heart Disease
Heart disease is a broad term used to describe diseases that affect the heart's ability to pump blood effectively. There are many types of heart disease, including myocardial infarction (death of heart cells from lack of blood flow), angina pectoris (chest pain from narrowed or blocked arteries), congenital defects (problems with heart structure), heart failure (the heart's inability to pump enough blood), and stroke (blockage or rupture of blood vessels in the brain). To prevent heart disease, one should eat a healthy diet low in saturated fat, exercise regularly, avoid smoking, drink alcohol in moderation, manage stress, and maintain a healthy weight.
heart disease
The document summarizes a survey conducted by students on church attendance in Chicago. They asked adults in southeast Chicago how many times they attended services in the past two months. On average, people attended 10 times, with a median and mode of 8 times. The standard deviation was 8.701. In conclusion, the average person in the area attends church 8 times in a two month period.
Shin Splints
Shin splints are caused by fatigue and trauma to the muscles and tendons in the lower leg and ankle area from the excessive force exerted during activities like running and dancing. Athletes, runners, dancers, and aggressive walkers are most at risk. Shin splints can be avoided by using good quality shoes, gradually increasing exercise intensity, taking rest days, warming up, and watching for proper form. Overuse from hard surfaces, uneven ground, increasing exercise too quickly, or worn shoes can also cause shin splints. Treatments include resting, icing, anti-inflammatory medication, arch supports, exercises, compression sleeves, and elevation.
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Scabies is a disease caused by tiny mites that burrow under the skin and lay eggs, causing small bumps and rashes that are usually found on the hands, wrists, elbows, shoulders, and genitals. It is transmitted through direct, prolonged skin-to-skin contact or contact with contaminated clothing or bedding. Treatment involves applying prescription creams or lotions to kill the mites and washing all clothing and bedding in hot water to avoid reinfestation.
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Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
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Chapter 4
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Chapter 5
Transportation: Introduction to Transportation Engineering; Traffic and Road Safety: Types and Characteristics of Various Modes of Transportation; Various Road Traffic Signs, Causes of Accidents and Road Safety Measures.
Chapter 6
Environmental Engineering: Environmental Pollution, Environmental Acts and Regulations, Functional Concepts of Ecology, Basics of Species, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Hydrological Cycle; Chemical Cycles: Carbon, Nitrogen & Phosphorus; Energy Flow in Ecosystems.
Water Pollution: Water Quality standards, Introduction to Treatment & Disposal of Waste Water. Reuse and Saving of Water, Rain Water Harvesting. Solid Waste Management: Classification of Solid Waste, Collection, Transportation and Disposal of Solid. Recycling of Solid Waste: Energy Recovery, Sanitary Landfill, On-Site Sanitation. Air & Noise Pollution: Primary and Secondary air pollutants, Harmful effects of Air Pollution, Control of Air Pollution. . Noise Pollution Harmful Effects of noise pollution, control of noise pollution, Global warming & Climate Change, Ozone depletion, Greenhouse effect
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2. Satheesh Gopi, Basic Civil Engineering, Pearson Publishers.
3. Ketki Rangwala Dalal, Essentials of Civil Engineering, Charotar Publishing House.
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The complex relationship between human activities and the environment has been the focus
of extensive research and worry. As the global community grapples with swift urbanization,
population expansion, and economic progress, the effects on natural ecosystems are becoming
more evident. A crucial element of this impact is the alteration of vegetation cover, which plays a
significant role in maintaining the ecological equilibrium of our planet.Land serves as the foundation for all human activities and provides the necessary materials for
these activities. As the most crucial natural resource, its utilization by humans results in different
'Land uses,' which are determined by both human activities and the physical characteristics of the
land.
The utilization of land is impacted by human needs and environmental factors. In countries
like India, rapid population growth and the emphasis on extensive resource exploitation can lead
to significant land degradation, adversely affecting the region's land cover.
Therefore, human intervention has significantly influenced land use patterns over many
centuries, evolving its structure over time and space. In the present era, these changes have
accelerated due to factors such as agriculture and urbanization. Information regarding land use and
cover is essential for various planning and management tasks related to the Earth's surface,
providing crucial environmental data for scientific, resource management, policy purposes, and
diverse human activities.
Accurate understanding of land use and cover is imperative for the development planning
of any area. Consequently, a wide range of professionals, including earth system scientists, land
and water managers, and urban planners, are interested in obtaining data on land use and cover
changes, conversion trends, and other related patterns. The spatial dimensions of land use and
cover support policymakers and scientists in making well-informed decisions, as alterations in
these patterns indicate shifts in economic and social conditions. Monitoring such changes with the
help of Advanced technologies like Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems is
crucial for coordinated efforts across different administrative levels. Advanced technologies like
Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems
9
Changes in vegetation cover refer to variations in the distribution, composition, and overall
structure of plant communities across different temporal and spatial scales. These changes can
occur natural.
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