montelukast-alduet 10 mg
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Sheena Mariz M. De Vera reports on a new medicine called Montelukast Sodium Cetirizine Hydrochloride - Alduet 10mg. The generic names are Montelukast and Cetirizine, and the brand name is Alduet. The benefits of Montelukast include treating asthma and allergies. However, it should not be taken by patients with gastric ulcers or osteoporosis. Sheena signs off after providing these key details about the new medication.
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Cystic fibrosis is an inherited disorder that affects the lungs and digestive system. It is caused by mutations in the CFTR gene that result in thick, sticky mucus buildup in organs. Symptoms include persistent lung infections, problems digesting food, and other issues. Treatment focuses on loosening mucus, treating infections, improving nutrition, and managing symptoms, though there is no cure currently. Screening at birth and ongoing testing monitors disease progression and treatment effectiveness.
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Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) is a metabolic complication that can occur when large numbers of malignant cells are rapidly destroyed, releasing their intracellular contents into the bloodstream. This disrupts electrolyte levels and can damage organs like the kidneys, heart, and brain. TLS is treated with intravenous fluids, medications to lower uric acid, phosphate, and potassium levels, and sometimes dialysis. Patients at highest risk are those with highly chemosensitive tumors undergoing new chemotherapy. Close monitoring and preventative measures like hydration and anti-hyperuricemic drugs before and after treatment can help reduce risks of TLS in at-risk patients.
Montelukast
Montelukast es un antagonista de receptor de leucotrienos que disminuye los efectos proasmáticos de los leucotrienos sobre las vías respiratorias como la broncoconstricción y la secreción mucosa. Se absorbe rápidamente por vía oral y se metaboliza principalmente en el hígado. Los efectos secundarios más comunes incluyen somnolencia, cefalea, dolor abdominal y diarrea. Se usa como terapia adicional para el asma leve-moderada persistente y para prevenir los síntomas de asma inducidos por
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Cystic fibrosis is a genetic disease that affects the lungs and digestive system. It is caused by mutations in the CFTR gene that result in abnormal ion transport in epithelial cells. This causes a buildup of thick, sticky mucus in organs like the lungs and pancreas. Common symptoms include persistent lung infections, problems digesting food, and fertility issues. Treatment focuses on airway clearance techniques and medications to manage symptoms and complications like infections. Managing nutrition is also important for overall health. The average life expectancy has increased in recent decades but further advances are still needed.
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The document discusses congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH), including the risk factors, clinical presentation, radiologic findings, complications, and management. It notes that CDH is a birth defect involving an abnormal opening in the diaphragm, with the most common type being a Bochdalek hernia on the left side. Signs include breathing difficulties and abdominal abnormalities. Advances have allowed fetal treatments to be performed while still in the uterus.
TUMOR LYSIS SYNDROME
This document discusses tumor lysis syndrome (TLS), which can occur when tumors undergo rapid cell lysis and release intracellular contents into the bloodstream. TLS can cause electrolyte abnormalities and renal failure. It affects patients with highly proliferative tumors undergoing chemotherapy, radiation or other treatments. The document outlines risk factors, grading criteria, clinical manifestations, prevention strategies including hydration, uric acid reduction and dialysis, as well as treatment of established TLS complications. It also covers hyperleukocytosis, a related condition seen in some leukemia patients.
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Stridor is a harsh sound produced by turbulent airflow through a narrowed or obstructed airway. It can occur in the nose, larynx, trachea, or lower respiratory tract. Stridor in infants and children is concerning as their airways are naturally narrow. Minor reductions in airway diameter can cause significant obstruction and difficulty breathing. Acute stridor may be caused by infections like croup or epiglottitis, while chronic stridor can be due to conditions like laryngomalacia. Croup is usually caused by a viral infection causing airway inflammation and narrowing. Epiglottitis is a medical emergency due to risk of complete airway obstruction. Foreign body aspiration is also a risk in
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Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) is a metabolic complication that can occur when large numbers of malignant cells are rapidly destroyed, releasing their intracellular contents into the bloodstream. This disrupts electrolyte levels and can damage organs like the kidneys, heart, and brain. TLS is treated with intravenous fluids, medications to lower uric acid, phosphate, and potassium levels, and sometimes dialysis. Patients at highest risk are those with highly chemosensitive tumors undergoing new chemotherapy. Close monitoring and preventative measures like hydration and anti-hyperuricemic drugs before and after treatment can help reduce risks of TLS in at-risk patients.
Montelukast
Montelukast es un antagonista de receptor de leucotrienos que disminuye los efectos proasmáticos de los leucotrienos sobre las vías respiratorias como la broncoconstricción y la secreción mucosa. Se absorbe rápidamente por vía oral y se metaboliza principalmente en el hígado. Los efectos secundarios más comunes incluyen somnolencia, cefalea, dolor abdominal y diarrea. Se usa como terapia adicional para el asma leve-moderada persistente y para prevenir los síntomas de asma inducidos por
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Cystic fibrosis is a genetic disease that affects the lungs and digestive system. It is caused by mutations in the CFTR gene that result in abnormal ion transport in epithelial cells. This causes a buildup of thick, sticky mucus in organs like the lungs and pancreas. Common symptoms include persistent lung infections, problems digesting food, and fertility issues. Treatment focuses on airway clearance techniques and medications to manage symptoms and complications like infections. Managing nutrition is also important for overall health. The average life expectancy has increased in recent decades but further advances are still needed.
cdh
The document discusses congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH), including the risk factors, clinical presentation, radiologic findings, complications, and management. It notes that CDH is a birth defect involving an abnormal opening in the diaphragm, with the most common type being a Bochdalek hernia on the left side. Signs include breathing difficulties and abdominal abnormalities. Advances have allowed fetal treatments to be performed while still in the uterus.
TUMOR LYSIS SYNDROME
This document discusses tumor lysis syndrome (TLS), which can occur when tumors undergo rapid cell lysis and release intracellular contents into the bloodstream. TLS can cause electrolyte abnormalities and renal failure. It affects patients with highly proliferative tumors undergoing chemotherapy, radiation or other treatments. The document outlines risk factors, grading criteria, clinical manifestations, prevention strategies including hydration, uric acid reduction and dialysis, as well as treatment of established TLS complications. It also covers hyperleukocytosis, a related condition seen in some leukemia patients.
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Stridor is a harsh sound produced by turbulent airflow through a narrowed or obstructed airway. It can occur in the nose, larynx, trachea, or lower respiratory tract. Stridor in infants and children is concerning as their airways are naturally narrow. Minor reductions in airway diameter can cause significant obstruction and difficulty breathing. Acute stridor may be caused by infections like croup or epiglottitis, while chronic stridor can be due to conditions like laryngomalacia. Croup is usually caused by a viral infection causing airway inflammation and narrowing. Epiglottitis is a medical emergency due to risk of complete airway obstruction. Foreign body aspiration is also a risk in
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This document discusses stridor, which is a noisy respiration caused by turbulent airflow through a narrowed airway. It defines three types of stridor based on where in the respiratory cycle the noise occurs: inspiratory, expiratory, and biphasic. Common causes of stridor in children include infections like croup as well as foreign objects. Diagnosis involves examining the timing, quality and other characteristics of the noise along with imaging tests to find the specific obstruction. Treatment depends on the underlying cause but may include medications to reduce swelling like steroids or racemic adrenaline to ease breathing.
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This document discusses stridor, which is a harsh sound caused by turbulent airflow through a partially obstructed airway. Stridor can be inspiratory, expiratory, or biphasic depending on where in the respiratory cycle it occurs. Inspiratory stridor suggests an upper airway obstruction while expiratory stridor implies an obstruction lower in the airway. The document outlines the characteristics, causes, diagnosis, and management of both acute and chronic stridor in children. Common causes include croup, laryngomalacia, subglottic stenosis, and foreign body aspiration. Diagnosis involves history, examination, and procedures like laryngoscopy. Management depends on the underlying cause but may include positioning, oxygen, cortic
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Congenital diaphragmatic hernia is a birth defect where abdominal organs protrude into the chest cavity through an opening in the diaphragm. It was first described in the 16th century but successful surgical repair was not achieved until the early 20th century. The incidence is 1 in 2000-3500 births. It is caused by abnormal development of the diaphragm and is associated with lung hypoplasia and cardiac defects in many cases. Prenatal diagnosis is now possible using ultrasound. Prognosis depends on factors like lung size and pulmonary hypertension. Treatment involves supportive care after birth along with possible surgical repair. Prenatal interventions are still under investigation.
Congenital diaphragmatic hernia by Dr. Varsha Atul Shah
Dr. Varsha Atul Shah presented on congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH). CDH occurs when abdominal organs protrude into the chest cavity through a hole in the diaphragm. It has an incidence of 1 in 2000-3000 live births. Clinically, CDH presents with respiratory distress in newborns. Treatment involves medical management in the NICU with ventilator support, medications to manage blood pressure and oxygen levels, and surgery to repair the diaphragmatic defect. Outcomes have improved but mortality remains high depending on the severity of lung hypoplasia and pulmonary hypertension.
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Cystic Fibrosis is a genetic disorder caused by mutations in the CFTR gene. It causes thick, sticky mucus to build up in the lungs, digestive tract and other organs. Common symptoms include persistent coughing, wheezing, foul-smelling stool, and salty-tasting skin. There is no cure, but treatments aim to clear mucus from the lungs and improve nutrition. Life expectancy has increased to over 37 years on average with advances in care.
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Montelukast is a leukotriene receptor antagonist used as a maintenance treatment for asthma and seasonal allergies. It works by blocking the action of leukotriene D4 on cysteinyl leukotriene receptors in the lungs and other tissues, inhibiting inflammation. Montelukast is FDA approved for chronic asthma and exercise-induced bronchoconstriction. It is commonly used off-label for allergic rhinitis, chronic urticaria, and other conditions. Studies have shown montelukast can improve chronic urticaria and atopic dermatitis when used as an add-on treatment. The drug is generally well tolerated, with headache and abdominal pain being the most common side effects
Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia
Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is a birth defect that affects about 1 in 2,000-5,000 live births. It occurs when the diaphragm fails to fully form, allowing abdominal organs to migrate into the chest cavity and compress lung development. Untreated CDH has a high mortality rate of nearly 70%. Prenatal diagnosis by ultrasound is possible as early as the second trimester. Postnatal treatment may involve mechanical ventilation, nitric oxide, surfactant therapy, and in severe cases, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) or surgery to repair the diaphragmatic defect. Long-term outcomes include risks of chronic lung disease, feeding difficulties, growth
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Congenital diaphragmatic hernia is a neonatal emergency that occurs when abdominal organs push into the chest cavity through a defect in the diaphragm. It has traditionally had high mortality rates, but preoperative stabilization techniques including nitric oxide, high frequency ventilation, ECMO, and permissive hypercapnia have reduced mortality to under 75%. The presentation depends on when during fetal development the hernia occurred. Treatment involves preoperative stabilization followed by surgical repair once stabilized, with postoperative care focused on managing pulmonary hypertension and hypoplasia. Prognosis depends on the degree of lung and heart hypoplasia and presence of other defects.
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Bronchial asthma and management RRT
Made by Ranjith R Thampi. A decent powerpoint on Bronchial Asthma, a short summary on various presentations and treatment options starting at Primary health level. Was made mainly for Primary Health setup. I've also added options at higher centres and also a few references for latest drug modalities and use.
Bronchial asthma
These lecture notes were prepared by Dr. Hamdi Turkey- Pulmonologist- Department of internal medicine - Taiz university
Do Not Forget To Visit Our Pages On Facebook on the following Links:
https://www.facebook.com/groups/569435236444761/
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Stridor
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Montair (Montelukast Sodium tablets) is used for the prevention and chronic treatment of asthma, exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB), seasonal allergic rhinitis and perennial allergic rhinitis
Tumor lysis syndrome
Tumor lysis syndrome occurs when malignant cells are rapidly lysed, releasing cellular contents into the bloodstream and overwhelming the body's ability to process them. This causes electrolyte abnormalities like hyperuricemia, hyperkalemia, hyperphosphatemia, and hypocalcemia. It is commonly seen after chemotherapy for hematologic cancers and treated with aggressive hydration, uric acid-lowering drugs like allopurinol or rasburicase, and dialysis for acute kidney injury. Early identification of at-risk patients allows for prophylactic measures to prevent complications.
Stridor In Children
This document discusses stridor, which is a harsh sound caused by turbulent airflow through a partially obstructed airway. Stridor can be inspiratory, expiratory, or biphasic depending on where in the respiratory cycle it occurs. Inspiratory stridor suggests an upper airway obstruction while expiratory stridor implies an obstruction lower in the airway. The document outlines the characteristics, causes, diagnosis, and management of both acute and chronic stridor in children. Common causes include croup, laryngomalacia, subglottic stenosis, and foreign body aspiration. Diagnosis involves history, examination, and procedures like laryngoscopy. Management depends on the underlying cause but may include positioning, oxygen, cortic
Stridor Presentation
This document discusses the etiology and presentation of laryngeal stridor in infants and children. It defines laryngeal stridor as a high-pitched noisy breathing caused by airway obstruction from the nasal cavity to the bronchi. Stridor can be inspiratory, expiratory, or biphasic depending on the location of the obstruction. Common causes include congenital anomalies, infections like croup, trauma, extraesophageal reflux, and foreign bodies. Croup (laryngotracheobronchitis) is described as an acute viral inflammation causing subglottic edema and barking cough. Supraglottitis is a medical emergency caused by epiglottis inflammation mostly due to H.
Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia
Congenital diaphragmatic hernia is a birth defect where abdominal organs protrude into the chest cavity through an opening in the diaphragm. It was first described in the 16th century but successful surgical repair was not achieved until the early 20th century. The incidence is 1 in 2000-3500 births. It is caused by abnormal development of the diaphragm and is associated with lung hypoplasia and cardiac defects in many cases. Prenatal diagnosis is now possible using ultrasound. Prognosis depends on factors like lung size and pulmonary hypertension. Treatment involves supportive care after birth along with possible surgical repair. Prenatal interventions are still under investigation.
Congenital diaphragmatic hernia by Dr. Varsha Atul Shah
Dr. Varsha Atul Shah presented on congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH). CDH occurs when abdominal organs protrude into the chest cavity through a hole in the diaphragm. It has an incidence of 1 in 2000-3000 live births. Clinically, CDH presents with respiratory distress in newborns. Treatment involves medical management in the NICU with ventilator support, medications to manage blood pressure and oxygen levels, and surgery to repair the diaphragmatic defect. Outcomes have improved but mortality remains high depending on the severity of lung hypoplasia and pulmonary hypertension.
Cystic Fibrosis Presentation
Cystic Fibrosis is a genetic disorder caused by mutations in the CFTR gene. It causes thick, sticky mucus to build up in the lungs, digestive tract and other organs. Common symptoms include persistent coughing, wheezing, foul-smelling stool, and salty-tasting skin. There is no cure, but treatments aim to clear mucus from the lungs and improve nutrition. Life expectancy has increased to over 37 years on average with advances in care.
Montelukast by aseem
Montelukast is a leukotriene receptor antagonist used as a maintenance treatment for asthma and seasonal allergies. It works by blocking the action of leukotriene D4 on cysteinyl leukotriene receptors in the lungs and other tissues, inhibiting inflammation. Montelukast is FDA approved for chronic asthma and exercise-induced bronchoconstriction. It is commonly used off-label for allergic rhinitis, chronic urticaria, and other conditions. Studies have shown montelukast can improve chronic urticaria and atopic dermatitis when used as an add-on treatment. The drug is generally well tolerated, with headache and abdominal pain being the most common side effects
Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia
Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is a birth defect that affects about 1 in 2,000-5,000 live births. It occurs when the diaphragm fails to fully form, allowing abdominal organs to migrate into the chest cavity and compress lung development. Untreated CDH has a high mortality rate of nearly 70%. Prenatal diagnosis by ultrasound is possible as early as the second trimester. Postnatal treatment may involve mechanical ventilation, nitric oxide, surfactant therapy, and in severe cases, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) or surgery to repair the diaphragmatic defect. Long-term outcomes include risks of chronic lung disease, feeding difficulties, growth
Congenital diaphragmatic hernia
Congenital diaphragmatic hernia is a neonatal emergency that occurs when abdominal organs push into the chest cavity through a defect in the diaphragm. It has traditionally had high mortality rates, but preoperative stabilization techniques including nitric oxide, high frequency ventilation, ECMO, and permissive hypercapnia have reduced mortality to under 75%. The presentation depends on when during fetal development the hernia occurred. Treatment involves preoperative stabilization followed by surgical repair once stabilized, with postoperative care focused on managing pulmonary hypertension and hypoplasia. Prognosis depends on the degree of lung and heart hypoplasia and presence of other defects.
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a cancer of the lymphoid line of blood cells characterized by the proliferation of immature lymphocytes. It most commonly affects children aged 2-6 years and has a peak incidence in adults at around 35 years of age. The disease involves replacement of normal bone marrow by leukemic blasts. Treatment involves chemotherapy with regimens depending on risk stratification including induction, consolidation, CNS prophylaxis and maintenance phases. Prognosis depends on factors like age, white blood cell count, genetics and response to initial treatment.
Retinoblastoma
This document provides information on retinoblastoma, including its history, epidemiology, genetics, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, staging, prognosis, and management. Some key points:
- Retinoblastoma is a malignant tumor of the retina that typically presents in childhood. It can be hereditary or sporadic.
- Presenting signs may include leukocoria, strabismus, reduced vision. Advanced cases can involve the optic nerve or orbit.
- Diagnosis involves examinations like ultrasonography, MRI, and indirect ophthalmoscopy. Genetic testing helps determine hereditary risk.
- Staging considers tumor size, location, laterality and extent. Prognostic factors include age and
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia dr narmada
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common malignancy in children. It is characterized by the overproduction of immature white blood cells called lymphoblasts. The disease is classified based on immunophenotyping and cytogenetics. Prognostic factors include age, white blood cell count, cytogenetics, and immunophenotype. Diagnosis involves examination of peripheral blood, bone marrow aspirate, immunophenotyping, cytogenetics, and molecular testing. Treatment and monitoring of minimal residual disease is important. Genetic conditions and environmental exposures can predispose children to developing ALL.
Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
The document discusses acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), which is the most common childhood leukemia. It makes up around 80% of childhood leukemia cases. The document covers the introduction, classification, etiology, diagnosis, clinical presentation, and treatment of ALL. It notes that the cure rate for ALL is around 85% with current treatments involving remission induction, intensification, and maintenance therapy. Prognosis depends on factors like age, white blood cell count at diagnosis, and the ALL subtype.
Management of Bronchial Asthma
The document summarizes modern trends in the management of bronchial asthma. It discusses how airway inflammation is a critical component of asthma and can be present even without severe symptoms. Current therapy includes bronchodilators and anti-inflammatory drugs like corticosteroids and leukotriene inhibitors. Inhaled corticosteroids and leukotriene inhibitors are the first-line therapy to both prevent and control symptoms. The document also discusses the pathophysiology and histopathology of asthma, as well as various triggers, clinical features, and management approaches.
Retinoblastoma
Retinoblastoma is a rare eye cancer that affects young children, usually under the age of 5. It is caused by a mutation in the retinoblastoma gene and symptoms can include eye movement issues, redness, differences in pupil size or iris color. Early diagnosis is key, as untreated retinoblastoma is fatal. Treatment options include chemotherapy, cryotherapy, eye removal, radiation therapy, laser treatment and have improved survival rates to over 90%.
Retinoblastoma
seminar presented by Dr.Puneet Sharma ( P.G 2nd yr )
Department of Ophthalmology, MMIMSR , Mullana ( Ambala )
Bronchial asthma and management RRT
Made by Ranjith R Thampi. A decent powerpoint on Bronchial Asthma, a short summary on various presentations and treatment options starting at Primary health level. Was made mainly for Primary Health setup. I've also added options at higher centres and also a few references for latest drug modalities and use.
Bronchial asthma
These lecture notes were prepared by Dr. Hamdi Turkey- Pulmonologist- Department of internal medicine - Taiz university
Do Not Forget To Visit Our Pages On Facebook on the following Links:
https://www.facebook.com/groups/569435236444761/
AND
https://www.facebook.com/groups/690331650977113/
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Cell Therapy Expansion and Challenges in Autoimmune Disease
There is increasing confidence that cell therapies will soon play a role in the treatment of autoimmune disorders, but the extent of this impact remains to be seen. Early readouts on autologous CAR-Ts in lupus are encouraging, but manufacturing and cost limitations are likely to restrict access to highly refractory patients. Allogeneic CAR-Ts have the potential to broaden access to earlier lines of treatment due to their inherent cost benefits, however they will need to demonstrate comparable or improved efficacy to established modalities.
In addition to infrastructure and capacity constraints, CAR-Ts face a very different risk-benefit dynamic in autoimmune compared to oncology, highlighting the need for tolerable therapies with low adverse event risk. CAR-NK and Treg-based therapies are also being developed in certain autoimmune disorders and may demonstrate favorable safety profiles. Several novel non-cell therapies such as bispecific antibodies, nanobodies, and RNAi drugs, may also offer future alternative competitive solutions with variable value propositions.
Widespread adoption of cell therapies will not only require strong efficacy and safety data, but also adapted pricing and access strategies. At oncology-based price points, CAR-Ts are unlikely to achieve broad market access in autoimmune disorders, with eligible patient populations that are potentially orders of magnitude greater than the number of currently addressable cancer patients. Developers have made strides towards reducing cell therapy COGS while improving manufacturing efficiency, but payors will inevitably restrict access until more sustainable pricing is achieved.
Despite these headwinds, industry leaders and investors remain confident that cell therapies are poised to address significant unmet need in patients suffering from autoimmune disorders. However, the extent of this impact on the treatment landscape remains to be seen, as the industry rapidly approaches an inflection point.
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The Electrocardiogram - Physiologic Principles
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of the physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar lead (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
6. Describe the flow of current around the heart during the cardiac cycle
7. Discuss the placement and polarity of the leads of electrocardiograph
8. Describe the normal electrocardiograms recorded from the limb leads and explain the physiological basis of the different records that are obtained
9. Define mean electrical vector (axis) of the heart and give the normal range
10. Define the mean QRS vector
11. Describe the axes of leads (hexagonal reference system)
12. Comprehend the vectorial analysis of the normal ECG
13. Determine the mean electrical axis of the ventricular QRS and appreciate the mean axis deviation
14. Explain the concepts of current of injury, J point, and their significance
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. Chapter 3, Cardiology Explained, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK2214/
7. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
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- 2. Goodafternoon! WELCOME TO CEU-60 SECOND NEWS BROADCAST. I'm Sheena Mariz M. De Vera, reporting.
- 3. The things that I want you to know is all about medicine.
- 4. The name of medicine is Montelukast Sodium Cetirizine Hydrochloride - Alduet 10mg. The generic name is Montelukast or Cetirizine and the brand name is Alduet.
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- 7. THAT’S ALL FOR TODAY. AGAIN, I'M SHEENA MARIZ M. DE VERA, SIGNING OFF. THANK YOU FOR LISTENING!