This document discusses plans for shared mobility services in Unjeong New Town in Paju, Korea. It begins with background on shared mobility and discusses the regional transportation challenges in Unjeong New Town. It then proposes a last mile mobility service within Unjeong using shared shuttles, bikes, scooters and ridesharing. The plan is to introduce this as a district-level transportation system to minimize commute times to Seoul. It analyzes travel patterns and proposes locating shared mobility hubs near the GTX station. Finally, it discusses future plans including using curbs as shared mobility hubs and participating in a global project on electric and shared vehicles.

1. www.osgeo.kr
Shared Mobility Service for New Town
Development
Junyoung Choi(Ph.D.), Urban Project Office, LH
Charter Member, OSGeo
Date: June 22th, 2019
Venue: LH Daejon HQ, Daejon, Korea

2. Contents
1 Shared Mobility
2 Regional transportation, Unjeong New town
3 Last Mile Mobility Service in Unjeong
4 Future Plan

3. #1SharedMobility
Photo credit: http://www.kakaomobility.com

4. Internet
of Things
Mobile
internet
Artificial
Intelligence
Automated
vehicle technology
4TH
Industrial
Revolution
Big
Data
Smart
transportation Smart city
Immersive
interfaces
+
Big
Data
+
+ +
Disruptive Technologies and Transportation

5. Electrification
Connectivity
Autonomous driving
Diverse mobility
Connected lifestyle extending to the car
Emission/efficiency regulation
(EU 95gCO2/km, 2021; US 54.5mpg, 2025, CA 15% ZEV 2025)
Smartphone makes scheduling convenient
Sensor and processing solutions
Trend in urban mobility

6. Autonomous vehicle
Robotic car
LEVEL 2
LEVEL 3
LEVEL 4
LEVEL 1
LEVEL 0
Full Self-Driving
Limited Self-Driving
Combined Functions
Function-Specific
No Automation
Operator
Control
Vehicle
Control
Driverless car
Self-driving car

7. Shared Mobility
Source: Wikipedia
• Shared mobility refers to the shared used of a vehicle, bicycle,
or other transportation mode.
• It is a transportation strategy that allows users to
access transportation services on an as-needed basis.
• Shared mobility is an umbrella term that encompasses a
variety of transportation modes
• including carsharing, bikesharing, peer-to-peer ridesharing, on-
demand ride services, microtransit, and other modes.
Shared Mobility
Shared transportation mode

8. Shared Mobility
Source: Wikipedia
Personal Mobility

9. Type of shared mobility for vehicle
Type TNC
(Transportation Network Company)
Ride Hailing, Network Taxi Uber, Lyft
B2B Vehicle Sharing ZipCar, Streetcar, Citycar
P2P Vehicle Sharing
DriveMyCar, Relayrides, WhipCar,
Buzzcar
Ride Sharing Zimride, GoLoco

10. Socar
• #1 market share in Korea, and Investment from #1 Telecom company in Korea, SK
Telecom
• Recently launching ridesharing service, “Tada”
Kakao Mobility
• Operated inside the Kakao Platform, the biggest Korean chatting app.
• Kakao mobility expanding mobility service to all service area
Greencar
• Child company of Lotte Group (Hotel, Beverage company under its umbrella)
• Investment from GS-Caltex
Hyundai motors
• Car maker but also want to be a mobility service provider
Buxi
• Car sharing app. for brokering users between airport and hotel
LH Happycar (Outsourced to a small TNC, Radius)
• Car sharing service for LH rental housing district
• Provide Renaut Twizy as a personal mobility
TNCS in Korean Market

11. Personal Mobility
Solution for Metropolitan
Personal Mobility
• Personal mobility refers to modes of transportation that are
small in scale and powered by electricity. The types of
personal mobility are very diverse.
• They range from single-wheel unicycles to bicycles and kick
scooters. The biggest advantage of personal mobility is that
it's quicker than walking.
• Since the wheels are powered by electricity, there are high
hopes for them to help tackle the issues of environmental
pollution and traffic congestion.

12. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xBoxswrDNQM
Personal Mobility

13. Ageing Society
Convenience for all
• Development and evolution of “vehicles” that are easy to use by the silver generation
as well as the younger generation
Economic recession
Looking for a cheaper one
• Attention to young people who can't afford to buy cars, a surge in single-person
households and single-person mobility mode that can be enjoyed more cheaply.
Complex Urban Trans.
Fast travel without congestion
• Potential as a next generation mobility device because it is easy to carry around and does
not generate exhaust gas
Personal Mobility

14. Personal Mobility
Solution for Metropolitan
PM
NMT
Small
Medium
Large
MT
Electric
motor engine
Smart PM
Low speed
Medium
speed
High speed
Micro
Mobility
Combustion
engine
Skateboard
bike
Ninebot
E-bike
E-quickboard
E-scooter
Micro-vehicle

15. • Type of Mode: Vehicle, Bike or other
type (Below 32 km/h Electric wheel as
Low Speed Vehicle, US)
• Safety: Insurance for personal mobility
• Permission: road, pedestrian road or
bike lane?
• License for driving: No license in Korea,
Scooter license for Twizy driving over 14
in France & Germany
Personal Mobility
Solution for Metropolitan

16. #2 Regional
Transportation, Unjeong
New Town
Photo Credit: Hankokilbo (2019)

17. New Towns in Seoul Metropolitan Area

18. New Towns in Seoul Metropolitan Area
1st Seoul ringway expressway
2nd Seoul ringway expressway
Seoul
Unjeong
1st gen. new town
2nd gen. new town
3rd gen. new town

19. Commuting from Unjeong new town(2nd), Paju
Origin: Unjeong new town, Paju (1hr 51min)
Hangang new town, Gimpo (1hr 37min)
Dasan new town, Namjangju, 1hr 24min)
Destination: Gangnam, Seoul
Commuting condition from 2nd
new townto Gangnam
출처: https://www.hankookilbo.com/News/Read/201906121679349457?did=NA&dtype=&dtypecode=&prnewsid=

20. 출처: https://www.hankookilbo.com/News/Read/201906121679349457?did=NA&dtype=&dtypecode=&prnewsid=
Commuting from Unjeong new town(2nd), Paju

21. #3 Last Mile Mobility
Service in Unjeong
http://news.khan.co.kr/kh_news/khan_art_view.html?art_id=201811281034001Photo credit: Kyunghyang newspaper(2018.11)

22. Qualitative demand
1st generation(1990s) 2nd generation(2000s) Paju Unjeong new town
Quality of Life

23. • Role of para transit in the District until the Residence
Conditions of New Towns are mature
• Improve ease of travel and reduce commuting time for
commuters to work in downtown Seoul
• Improved accessibility between GTX stations and
surrounding communities and open spaces
• Role of Leisure Transportation in Connecting the GTX
Station Area with the Neighborhood Tourism Area
Purpose of Introducing Shared Mobility

24. Purpose of Introducing Shared Mobility
Home in New town New town in a City
Public bike
Walking
Carsharing
Bus
Taxi
City Outside of a city
City bus
Regional bus
Railway
Airplane
City bus
Regional bus
Railway
Airplane
BRT(Autonomous Vehicle)
Shuttle (Autonomous Vehicle)
New Transportation Mode
BRT
Bus
Taxi
Public bike

25. P
Unjeong stn. home
P
homestation Regional bus station
S S
Shared
shuttle
e-bike/
e-scooter
(Personal
Mobility)
Ridesharing
Paju
Regional train station
Location for Sharing port
Sharing Port
LH parking space as a Service Platform
• Shared device(vehicle, bike, etc.)
• Shared facility(parking space, electric charger)
• Shared space(Agora, curbed area, etc)

26. Sharing Port
LH parking space as a Service Platform
Location for service
출처: 김재열외(2014)

27. Travel pattern using big data analysis
Mobile Statistics
People’s movement using snapshot

28. 0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
운행횟수
두신마을
동문아파트
백송고등학교.백송마을
덕이초등학교
농수산물도매시장
일산백병원
주엽역
일산경찰서
마두역
백석동
고양경찰서앞
덕양구청
달빛신안아파트
달빛동부아파트앞
신원당동신아파트
원당전철역
창릉교
부대앞
서오릉앞
시계입구가게앞검문소
선정중고등학교
구산사거리
구산역2번출구.예일여고
역촌오거리
은평구청앞
산골고개
홍제삼거리.인왕산한신휴플러스
안산초등학교
영천시장
종로1가
서울역YTN
영천시장
무악재역
홍제역
녹번역
녹번초등학교.서대문세무서별관
삼성타운
역촌중앙시장
선진운수종점
806전투경찰대우남아파트
용두초등학교입구
용두2리
용두사거리
원흥주유소
원당전철역
신원당동신아파트
달빛동부아파트앞
달빛신안아파트
화정전철역
고양경찰서앞
백석동
마두역
일산경찰서
주엽역
일산백병원
예비군훈련장
송산2통
송산3동
만자고개
성재공단입구
가좌동종점
인
원
수
(
명
)
시간대별 (차량수)
광역버스 9701번
04:00 ~ 06:00 (08대)
06:00 ~ 08:00 (13대)
08:00 ~ 10:00 (11대)
10:00 ~ 12:00 (11대)
12:00 ~ 14:00 (11대)
14:00 ~ 16:00 (11대)
16:00 ~ 18:00 (09대)
18:00 ~ 20:00 (10대)
20:00 ~ 22:00 (09대)
22:00 ~ 00:00 (09대)
0
200
400
600
800
100 0
120 0
140 0
160 0
구미동차고지
LG아파트
하얀마을.그랜드빌.벽산빌라
미금초등학교
까치마을대원사거리
정자3동주민센터
엘지아파트
중앙공원샛별마을
효자촌
연수원입구
백현마을2단지
낙생육교
서울백병원평화방송
조계사
삼성프라자
숭례문
중앙시네마백병원
낙생육교
백현마을3단지
새마을연수원입구
우성프라자앞
중앙공원푸른마을
한솔주공5단지
정든마을
대원사거리
미금초등학교
하얀마을.그랜드빌.벽산빌라
신한아파트
구미동차고지
인
원
수
(
명
)
시간대별 (차량수)
광역버스 9401번
04:00 ~ 06:00 (19대)
06:00 ~ 08:00 (34대)
08:00 ~ 10:00 (21대)
22:00 ~ 00:00 (13대)
10:00 ~ 12:00 (29대)
12:00 ~ 14:00 (30대)
14:00 ~ 16:00 (27대)
16:00 ~ 18:00 (21대)
18:00 ~ 20:00 (25대)
20:00 ~ 22:00 (25대)
Space-time diagram of bus # 9407
Space-time diagram of bus # 9401
고속화 구간
Number of boarding and alighting passenger of bus # 9407 at each stop
Number of boarding and alighting passenger of bus # 9401 at each stop
Calculating commuting passengers through public transportation using Transportation card data
Travel pattern using big data analysis

29. Number of alighting
passenger at the bus stop
Junggu to Gyeonggi
province
Seongnam to Seoul
Bundang to SeoulGangnam to Seoul Junggu, Seoul to Seoul
Travel pattern using big data analysis
Calculating commuting passengers through public transportation using Transportation card data

30. 정류장 중심의 하차수
오전 08시30분
서울 중구->경기도
대중교통 이용 이동수
경기도 성남->서울
대중교통 이용 이동수
성남 분당->경기도
대중교통 이용 이동수
강남구->서울,경기도
대중교통 이용 이동수
중구->서울,경기도
대중교통 이용 이동수
UsecharacteristcsofLHHappycarsharingservice
Correlation between LH Happy car usage pattern and public transportation supply

31. P
Bundang Newtown
Regional transportation hubJeongja stn. stationstation
WalkBusBus or subway
Car
Bus or Subway Walk
Electric bike
Ride share
Shared Shuttle Bus
Existing trip
Sharing
port
① Calculating walking
and non walking first
mile commute trip
during morning peak
hour using mobile
phone OD
② Estimating converted
trip from existing
commute trip to first
mile commute trip
shared mobility trip
Neighborhood
home
P
S
Sharing
port
Sharing
port
20 min.
10 min.
30 min.
20 min.
10 min.
30 min.
20 min.
10 min.
30 min.
Travel pattern using big data analysis

32. P
Bundang Newtown
Regional transportation hubJeongja stn. stationstation
WalkBusBus or subway
Car
Bus or Subway Walk
Electric bike
Ride share
Shared Shuttle Bus
Sharing
port
③ location and
specification of sharing
port facility and its
operation
Neighborhood
home
P
S
Converted trip
using Shared
mobility
Sharing
port
Sharing
port
Gender and
age sensitive
Travel pattern using big data analysis

33. Mobility Service for Unjeong new town
PM
Person Vehicle
Car sharing
Traditional transportation mode
Share Mobility Service
Maas in Unjeong
• Introduce as a district level transportation
• Minimize travel time for commuting to Seoul
0 ~ 5km
0 ~ 10km
Over 10km
Shared Mobility Service
First / Last mile

34. Station Influenced Area(SIA) of Unjeong Paju (GTX)
STEP1 STEP2 STEP3
S
S
S

35. #4 Future Plan

36. The Curb as a Shared-Mobility Transit Hub

37. Global Parent Project – 4 Working Groups
• Electric light duty vehicles
• Electric heavy duty vehicles
• Charging infrastructure and grid integration
• Batteries
Regional Platform
Asia-Pacific
Regional Platform
Africa
Regional Platform
Europe
Child
Project
Child
Project
Child
Project
Child
Project
Child
Project
Child
Project
Child
Project
Child
Project
Regional Platform
Latin America &
Carribean
•Informative Guideline will be
developed and shared using
Electric Vehicle Initiative(EVI)’s
Asia-Pacific regional platform
organized by UNEP
Considering
participation as a
planning agency

38. Junho, Ko(2017), “Autonomous Vehicles and Urban Mobility”, Presentation for LH-OSGeo Joint Seminar, Seoul:Koreap.4~6
Wikipediap.7-8
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xBoxswrDNQMp.12
Source: Korea JoongAng Daily (2019.5.8)http://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/news/article/article.aspx?aid=3062751p.17
MOLIT (2014) Spatial Big Data Construction Projectp.28-29
J.Y. CHOI (2015) Travel pattern analysis of LH rental housing district using LH Happy Car sharing servicep.30
Plan for GTX station influenced area of Unjeong new townp.22, 34
Brian Barth (2019) “Curb Control, Planning”, American Planning Association https://www.planning.org/planning/2019/jun/curbcontrol/p.36
https://www.hankookilbo.com/News/Read/201906121679349457?did=NA&dtype=&dtypecode=&prnewsid=p.19-20
Arirang TV(2018) Rise of eco-friendly personal mobility device
p.14 Shin et al.(2016) Study on the improvement of Laws and Regulations for Personal Mobilities, KOTI, Korea
Source
p.15 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lsh2_-W8UB8
김재열외(2014) Development of the Multi-mobility Sharing Service Management System - A Case Study of Kashiwa City,
Japan, 13(1):75-85, 한국ITS학회 논문지.
p.26

39. Thank you
Urban Project Office
Korea Land and Housing Corporation(LH)
Junyoung Choi (Ph.D in Urban Planning & GIS)
junyoung@lh.or.kr