Shallot insects A Lecture By Allah Dad Khan Provincial Coordinator IPM MINFAL Islamabad

2. Onion Insects
A
Lecture To ToT trainees ( FFS)
By
Mr. Allah Dad Khan
Provincial Coordinator IPM KPK
MINFAL Pakistan

3. • Crop: OnionScientific name: Allium
cepaFamily: Solanaceae

5. Thrips (Onion thrips, Western flower thrips)
Thrips tabaci
Frankliniella occidentalis
Symptoms
• Discolored, distorted tissue;
scarring of leaves; severly
infected plants may have a
silvery appearance; insect is
small (1.5 mm) and slender
and best viewed using a hand
lens; adult thrips are pale
yellow to light brown and the
nymphs are smaller and lighter
in color
• Cause
• Insect

6. Leafminers
Lyriomyza spp.
Symptoms
• Thin, white, winding trails on
leaves; heavy mining can
result in white blotches on
leaves and leaves dropping
from the plant prematurely;
early infestation can cause
yield to be reduced; adult
leafminer is a small black and
yellow fly which lays its eggs in
the leaf; larvae hatch and feed
on leaf interior
• Cause
• Insects

7. Onion maggot
Delia antiqua
Symptoms
• Stunted or wilting seedlings; plant
will commonly break at soil line if
an attempt is made to pull it up; if
infestation occurs when plants are
bulbing, bulbs will be deformed
and susceptable to storage rots
after harvest; adult insect is a
greyish fly which lays white,
elongate eggs around the base of
the plant; the larvae that emerge
from the eggs are tiny and white
and bore into the plant; mature
larvae are about 1 cm (0.4 in) long
with feeding hooks
• Cause
• Insect

8. Bulb mites Rhizoglyphus spp.
Tyrophagus spp.
Symptoms
• Stunted plant growth;
reduced stand; bulbs rotting
in ground or in storage; pest
is a cream-white, bulbous
mite <1 mm in length,
which resembles a pearl
with legs
• Cause
• Arachnid

9. Onion Fly: Delia antiqua
Symptoms
• of damage:
• Onion leaves get rotten,
shredded and rolled up
• Growth of onion tubers gets
hampered, tissues get
decayed and becoming unfit
for marketing

10. Identification of Pest:
• Egg: long whitish colour
eggs are laid on the
undersurface of onion near
soil
• Larva: Whitish and adopous
• Pupa: Pupation takes place
in soil
• Adult: Grey coloured fly

11. Ear wig: Euborellia annulipes
Symptoms of damage:
• Both nymphs and aduts
bore into the onion bulb
and feed.

12. Identification of pest:
Stages
• Eggs: are laid only in the
tender leaf
• Adult: The colour of the
insect varies from pale
yellow to grey