SHAFTAL/PERSIAN CLOVER
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Shaftal, also known as Persian clover, is a fodder crop native to South Asia that is now grown in Egypt, Iran, and Pakistan. It is a multicut crop that is good for the soil, grazing, and contains high levels of protein, fiber, and minerals. Shaftal grows best in cool, moist conditions on well-drained loamy soil and is planted between October and mid-November. It can be cut 4-5 times during its growing season and yields between 750-1000kg/ha with minimal inputs.
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Common names : Bhendi, Lady’s FingerEconomic importance and uses :-
Okra is more remunerative than the leafy vegetables.
Tender green fruits are cooked in curry and also used in soups. The root and stem are useful for clearing cane juice in preparation of jaggery.
Okra is rich in vitamins, calcium, potassium and other minerals. 100g consumable unripe bhendi fruits contain 10.4g dry matter, 3,100 calorie energy, 1.8g protein.
The dry seeds contain 13-22% edible oil and 20-24% protein.Area and production:-
India is the largest producer of okra in the world. The major bhendi growing states are Utter Pradesh, Orissa, Bihar and West Bengal.
Popular varieties:-
Pusa Makhmali
Pusa Sawani
Arka Anamika (Selection 10)
Arka Abhay (Selection
Punjab Padmini
Punjab -7
Parbhani Kranti
Varsha Uphar (HRB 9-2)
Gujarat Bhendi 1
SORGHUM
This document provides an overview of sorghum cultivation practices. It discusses the taxonomy, botany, economic importance, distribution, varieties, growth stages, nutrient management, irrigation, weed management, and harvesting of sorghum. Sorghum is the fifth most important cereal crop worldwide and is used for food, fodder, and production of alcoholic beverages. It is tolerant of drought and heat and is well suited to dry, hot climates. Proper soil preparation, fertilizer application, irrigation, and weed control are required to maximize sorghum yields.
Inflorescence, Flower, Flower structures, Mode of Pollination, Seed fromation...
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This document summarizes the inflorescence, flowers, seed formation, and seed parts of pearl millet plants. It describes that pearl millet has a panicle inflorescence that can take different shapes and contains spikelets with 2-4 flowers. Each flower has staminate and hermaphrodite forms. Pollination occurs through the wind and is protogynous. Seeds form in a caryopsis and vary in shape, color, and size depending on their position in the panicle. Seed development progresses through stages until maturity.What's hot (20)
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CULTIVATION OF OKRA , PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY OF OKRA ,
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Similar to SHAFTAL/PERSIAN CLOVER
Pigeon pea
Pigeon pea is a hardy, drought-tolerant legume that has been cultivated for at least 3,500 years in India. It provides numerous benefits such as fixing nitrogen in the soil, tolerating low fertility soils and drought conditions. Pigeon pea is used as a food source, as its immature pods, seeds and mature seeds can be consumed. It also improves soil quality and structure as a green manure. While requiring minimal land preparation and fertilizer, pigeon pea faces insect pests like borers and fungal diseases including fusarium wilt. It is harvested after 95-250 days when seeds are mature.
Production technology of cauliflower
Cauliflower is a cool season crop that is cultivated for its white curd. It originated in Europe but is now grown worldwide, including in Pakistan. Cauliflower thrives in cool, moist climates and requires careful temperature management throughout growth. It grows best in nutrient-rich, well-draining soil between pH 6.0-7.0. There are early, mid-season, and late varieties that are planted at different times to produce curds during their respective harvest seasons. Proper planting, irrigation, fertilization, weed control, and harvesting are needed to produce high yields of cauliflower.
sorghum crop production technology AGRON 211
Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) is the fourth most important cereal crop worldwide and the third most important in India. It is grown for both human consumption and animal feed. Sorghum can tolerate drought conditions better than other grains due to its deep root system and ability to go dormant under stress. It is cultivated across tropical and subtropical regions between 40-100 cm of annual rainfall. Sorghum requires warm temperatures between 15-30°C and can be grown in a variety of soils as long as drainage is good.
Pearlmillet crop production technology
This document provides information on pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum), including its botanical description, origin, geographic distribution, climatic requirements, soil requirements, cultivation practices, varieties, and management of diseases and weeds. Some key points:
- Pearl millet is a major crop grown in Africa and Asia, especially India. It is highly drought tolerant.
- It has a fibrous root system and tall, branched stem. The inflorescence is a branched spike bearing paired spikelets.
- Ideal sowing time is June-July in India. Soils should be well-drained loams. Varieties include Pusa 383 and Pusa Composite 612
Production technology of sorghum pearl millet and shaftal
This document provides information on three fodder crops grown in Pakistan: sorghum, pearl millet, and Persian clover. Sorghum is an important drought-resistant crop grown on 0.3902 million hectares that provides fodder and grain. Pearl millet is a warm-weather, drought-tolerant crop extensively grown in dry regions using broadcasting or drilling methods. Persian clover is a cross-pollinated, cool-weather crop grown in the Rabi season using broadcasting and providing 4-5 cuttings of fodder.
Sunflower
This document provides an introduction and overview of sunflowers. It discusses their botanical features such as their root and stem structure, leaf and flower characteristics. It describes their growth habits and environmental requirements. It also discusses their history and economic importance, commonly grown cultivars, yields, suitable soils, and production technology including seedbed preparation, manuring, planting times, seed rates, weeding, and crop rotations.
The ultimate guide for carrot farming 2018
Carrot is important root crops cultivated throughout the world for its fleshy edible roots. Carrot farming is done in the spring, summer, and autumn in temperate climate countries and during winter in tropical and subtropical regions.
Roots of carrot are used as a vegetable for soups & curries; graded roots are used as a salad, tender roots as pickles also Carrot halwa and jam are famous.
Carrot juice is a rich source of carotene and is sometimes used for colouring buffer and other food articles. Carrot tops are used for extraction of leaf protein, as fodder and also for the poultry feed.
Carrots possess many medicinal properties and are used in Ayurvedic medicine. Carrots are a rich source of b-carotene and contain appreciable amounts of thiamine and riboflavin.
The Carrot crop is the Second most popular vegetable in the world after potato. China ranks first in production followed by Russia.
The major carrot growing states in India are Karnataka, Punjab, Uttar Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, and Andhra Pradesh.
Lucern & berseem
Lucerne, also known as alfalfa, is a perennial legume crop that is highly nutritious and drought tolerant. It fixes nitrogen in the soil and can be cut frequently for hay or silage. Berseem is an annual legume grown in winter as a substitute for Lucerne. It is fast-growing with high nutritional value as a green forage crop and can provide multiple cuttings. Both crops are well-suited to irrigation and perform better than other forages in moist soil conditions. Their chemical composition and digestibility support milk production in dairy animals.
Alfalfa Seeds
Alfalfa, also known as lucerne, is a perennial flowering legume plant cultivated as an important forage crop around the world. It is native to warmer temperate climates and can live for 4-20 years depending on variety and climate. Alfalfa grows up to 1 meter tall with a deep root system, making it resilient to drought. It is commonly used as livestock feed due to its high nutritional value and protein content.
Alfalfa seeds
Alfalfa also called Lucerne, is a perennial flowering plant in the pea family Febaceae cultivated as an important forage crop in many countries around the world.
Alfalfa perennial forage Legume which normally lives four to eight years, but can live more than 20 years, depending on variety and climate.
ELEPHANT FOOT YAM
Elephant foot yam is a tropical tuber crop originating from Asia and Africa. It is commercially cultivated in several Southeast Asian countries as well as India. The document discusses the botany, varieties, cultivation practices, pests and diseases of elephant foot yam. Key points include that it grows from a corm and is propagated through daughter corms. It prefers sandy loam soil and humid tropical conditions. Common varieties include Santragachi and Kovvur. Proper spacing, fertilization, irrigation, and intercropping can yield 12-22 tonnes per hectare. Pests include aphids and diseases include collar rot.
Chickpea diseases
Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is the most important pulse crop in India, occupying about 38% of pulse crop area and contributing around 50% of total pulse production. It is a rich source of protein and essential nutrients. India is the world's largest producer and consumer of chickpeas. Chickpea cultivation requires moderate rainfall, well-drained sandy loam to clay loam soils, and optimum sowing times of mid-October in northern India and early October in peninsular India. Proper seedbed preparation and crop rotation are important for good yields of this winter season pulse crop.
Sadabahar fodder
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cultivation practices of guar/cluster bean
Guar is an annual legume plant grown for its gum, vegetable, fodder, and green manure values. It is drought tolerant and fits well into crop rotations with cotton, grains, vegetables, and flax. Guar requires moderate rainfall and lots of sunshine to grow well. It can grow in various soil types but does best in medium sandy loam soils. Farmers typically plant 5-8 kg of seed per acre after monsoon rains in rows spaced 45-60 cm apart and 20-30 cm within rows. Proper fertilization, weed control, irrigation of 2-3 times for heavy soils or 4-5 times for light soils, and insecticide applications can result in average yields of 14-15
Cauliflower cultivation guide 2018
Cauliflower is one of the most important winter vegetables grow in India. It is a European origin probably develop from broccoli. In India, cauliflower cultivation is done in almost all the states, but main states are Bihar, U. P., Orissa, Assam, M.P., Gujarat and Haryana.
The scientific name of cauliflower is Brassica oleracea var botrytis. it has achieved importance as one of the important and popular vegetables in various parts of the world.
Cauliflower plays an important role in the human diet due to its attractive appearance, good taste, and Its nutritive rich value.
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Production technology of Chickpea.
This document provides an overview of chickpea production technology, including its origin from Asia and the Mediterranean, varieties, soil and climate requirements, cultivation practices from field preparation through harvesting, and storage. Key steps include applying fertilizer before sowing, performing weed control and irrigation as needed, managing pests and diseases, harvesting when plants dry, threshing and drying seeds, and storing seeds at 10% moisture content.
Leafy vegetables
This document provides information on cultivation practices for several leafy vegetables: spinach, fenugreek, amaranthus, coriander, radish. For each crop, it discusses soil and climate requirements, sowing methods, seed rates, popular varieties, fertilizer use, common pests and diseases, irrigation needs, and harvesting. The conclusion discusses two common diseases of spinach (leaf spot and wilt) and three diseases of fenugreek (leaf spot, wilt, powdery mildew) along with control methods tested.
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Production technology of sorghum pearl millet and shaftal
Production technology of sorghum pearl millet and shaftal
SHAFTAL/PERSIAN CLOVER
- 4. • Scientific name “TRIFOLIAM RESUPINATUM” • Common name “SHAFTAL” • Family “LEGUMINSOAE”
- 5. The shaftal plant is native to south asia. In Europe, it was cultivated as an ornamental plant for many years. Now, it occupies a significant position as a fodder crop in Egypt & Iran. In Pakistan, shaftal is also relatively new fodder crop. It appears to have been introduced 1910-15 in Lahore region.
- 6. It is a multicut crop. It is a good soil builder. It can be grown in open range lands for grazing. It contains 16.3% proteins, 30.8% crude fiber and traces of calcium, phosphorous & other minerals.
- 7. If the fodder is fed alone in excess, it causes indigestion in cattle. Therefore, it should be chopped & and mixed with wheat straw.
- 8. It requires cool & moist weather condition for good growth. Well-drained, light to heavy loam soils are best for growth.
- 9. A fine seedbed is prepared by giving 3 or 4 cultivation, each followed by planking. 12- 16 kg/ha
- 10. Seed is usually sown by broadcasting in standing water. Or on a moist seedbed covered slightly with soil. OCTOBER –mid NOVEMBER.
- 11. Generally, this crop is not fertilized, but 2 and half bags of DAP per hectare is recommended to increase yield. The first irrigation should be given 8-10 days after planting. The subsequent irrigation should be given at 20-25 days intervals.
- 12. Shaftal can be cut 4 to 5 times during DECEMBER-MAY No interculture & weeding is done with this crop.
- 13. Yield varies from 750-1000kg/ha. This crop usually remains safe from pests & diseases & no great loss in fodder yield occurs because of them.
- 14. THANKS FOR HEARING ME OUT..!! (^_^) (^_^)