who student are interested for slide regarding the biotechnology subject please send mail at shubhammaurya97938@gmail.com it will help as notes. this slide will help who love the environment,as well as will help to get the basic knowledge regarding STP.

1. SEWAGE TREATMENT
PLANT

2. STP
• It is the process of removing the sewage
from waste water and house hold sewage
and hospital.
• Its objective to produce an
environmentally safe fluid.
• The objective of STP is to produce a
disposable effluent without causing harm
to the surrounding.

3. SOURCE OF WASTE WATER-
• Human waste
• Washing water
• Highway drainage
• Domestic source
• Hospital
• College
• school

4. STEPS OF TREATMENT-
• Primary treatment
• Secondary treatment
• Tertiary treatment

5. MAJOR TREATMENT UNIT
• Screen
• Oil and grease tank
• Equalization tank
• Aeration tank
• Settler
• Balance tank
• PSF(pressure sand filter)
• ACF (Activated carbon filter)
• Disinfection(UV ray, chlorine)

6. SCREEN-
• It is used to screen the organic effluent
(domestic waste)as well as some suspended
solid which is drained via drain line.
• It may be coarse, fine depends where we use.
• Size range of screen 0.035 to 6 mm.
• In STP we use coarse screen which is made up
of stainless steel.

8. FOG TRAP
• After the process of screening water is drained
in to the oil and grease tank.
• Inside the tank column like structure is called
baffle.
• Its importance to separate the oil and water
from each other.
• Oil having low density which float on the
surface and it is scrubbed manually.

10. EQUALIZATION TANK-
• After separating the oil from the water
effluent are drained in the equalization tank
via gravity flow.
• Effluent is homogenized means proper mixing
via agitator.
• PH stabilize.
• Here we use coarse bubble diffuser which
provide air.

12. AERATION TANK
• After proper mixing from equalization tank
effluent is drained in to the aeration tank via pump.
• Air is supplied via blower through fine bubble diffuser.
• In this tank fine bubble diffuser is incorporated which provide
small amount of air.
• In this tank MBBR is incorporated on which bacterial colony grow.
• It has very light weight which float on the water surface and
biodegradation occur.
• Aerobic bacteria is used. i.e MLSS(membrane liquid solid
substrate).
• BOD and COD reduces.
• Cut in the aeration tank (above the hopper of settler)

13. H2OH2OH2O
H2O

14. Tube
deck
media

15. SETTLER
• After aeration degraded waste is drained via
pipe line in to settler
• In settler tube deck media is fixed at 45
degree.
• Heavy particle settle down ,water passes
through tube deck media and over flow occur.
• Settled sludge is drained in to the sludge
drying bed via sludge pump.

17. BALANCE TANK
• Over flow effluent from settler is drained in
balance tank via gravity flow.
• Balance tank remove the turbulent.
• Turbulence or turbulent flow is a flow
regime in fluid dynamics characterized by
changes in pressure and flow velocity.

19. PSF (PRESSURE SAND
FILTER)
• It is made up of stainless steel.
• Inside the filter lay out the grid particle, gravel and
multiple layer of sand.
• These Filters are designed to remove turbidity and
suspended particles present in the feed water.
• Rapid pressure sand bed filters are typically
operated with a feed pressure of 2 to 5 bar(28 to 70
psi).
• It works on the porosity principle.

21. ACTIVATED CARBON
FILTER (ACF)
• After removing the suspended solid from the
effluent it contain the odour and colour.
• Effluents are drained in the ACF via pipe where
remove the odour and color.
• Carbon having the catenation property and
have four valency.
• catenation is the bonding of atoms of the
same element into a series, called a chain
Catenation occurs most readily with carbon.

23. DISINFECTION
• After removing the colour ,odour from ACF
effluents are drained in to disinfectant
tank.
• It uses UV ray, chlorine to remove the
contaminant from the effluent.
• Uv ray inactivate the bacteria for 48 hr

25. PARAMETER-
parameter inlet parameter outlet
PH ≤6-9.5 PH ≤6-8
TSS ≤200mg/liter TSS ≤50mg/liter
COD ≤400mg/liter COD ≤150mg/liter
BOD ≤200mg/liter BOD ≤30mg/liter
Amonical nitrogen ≤250mg/liter Amonical nitrogen ≤50mg/liter

26. PROCESS OF STP-