Seven themes of Biology
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Whitetail deer have multicellular bodies composed of cells without cell walls that work together to perform different functions. They reproduce sexually through live birth and make more of their own kind. As herbivores, they obtain energy through metabolic processes that break down consumed foods from other organisms. Whitetail deer maintain homeostasis through both positive and negative feedback mechanisms to regulate things like blood platelets and response to food deprivation. Heredity passes on traits between generations such as antler characteristics. Over time, whitetail deer have evolved to adapt to different environments. While capable of independent survival, whitetail deer also demonstrate dependent relationships with other species.
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Embryological and physiological evidences of evolution
The document discusses various embryological and physiological evidences that support the theory of evolution. It describes how early embryonic development is fundamentally similar across animals, with similarities in germ layer formation and fate. It also discusses similarities in organ development like the heart and aortic arches in vertebrates. Physiological evidence includes universal biochemical constituents, identical enzymes and hormones, similar metabolic pathways, and biochemical comparisons like cytochrome c and hemoglobin that indicate common ancestry. Analysis of excretory products and blood groups also provide evidence of evolutionary relationships.
Tema 8. Evidences of evolution
This document provides evidence for evolution from several areas:
1. Comparative anatomy shows homologous and analogous structures provide evidence of common descent. Vestigial structures also support evolution.
2. Biogeographic and biochemical evidence like identical genetic codes and similar amino acid sequences in organisms indicate a common ancestor. Vestigial genes also accumulate mutations over time.
3. Embryological evidence like identical early embryo structures that later specialize and branchial arches also reflect evolution from common ancestors.
4. The fossil record shows early life was simpler and transitional fossils provide evidence of gradual changes connecting species over time.
L.HE.M.2 Asexual vs Sexual Reproduction
Sexual and asexual reproduction have advantages and disadvantages. Asexual reproduction involves a single parent and produces offspring that are genetically identical. Methods include fission, budding, fragmentation, and vegetative propagation. This allows for rapid reproduction but lacks genetic variation. Sexual reproduction combines genetic material from two parents into offspring. It produces diverse offspring but requires more time and energy to find a mate. Genetic variation provides advantages for adaptation and selective breeding but can also introduce negative traits. Gestation periods can impact endangered species if deaths exceed births.
Asexual vs sexual
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Perpetuation
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4. Use of energy - require energy to carry out life processes.
5. Homeostasis - maintain stable internal conditions.
6. Reproduction - ability to produce new individuals of their kind.
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There are two main types of reproduction: asexual and sexual. Asexual reproduction involves one parent and produces genetically identical offspring through mechanisms like fission, budding, and fragmentation. Sexual reproduction involves both a male and female parent and produces offspring with a mix of both parents' genes through fertilization. While asexual reproduction requires less energy, sexual reproduction produces more genetic variation in offspring and ensures survival of a species when environments change.
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All living things share several key characteristics:
1. Organization - made of cells, tissues, organs, organ systems.
2. Growth and development - change over time as they grow.
3. Response to stimuli - react to internal and external changes.
4. Use of energy - require energy to carry out life processes.
5. Homeostasis - maintain stable internal conditions.
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The document discusses different types of reproduction. Sexual reproduction involves two parents combining genetic material to produce offspring, while asexual reproduction involves one parent producing genetically identical offspring. Sexual reproduction in animals involves the male sperm fertilizing the female egg, and in plants involves pollen fertilizing the ovum. Asexual reproduction can occur through binary fission, budding, or vegetative propagation. The document aims to explain the differences between sexual and asexual reproduction.
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All living things are cells or composed of cells.
The interior contents of cells in the cytoplasm
The cell is a chemical system that can maintain its structure and reproduce.
Cells are the fundamental unit of life.
All living things are cells or composed of cells.
The interior contents of cells in the cytoplasm.
Cell, in biology, the basic membrane-bound unit that contains the fundamental molecules of life and of which all living things are composed.
A single cell is often a complete organism in itself, such as a bacterium or yeast.
Other cells acquire specialized functions as they mature.
These cells cooperate with other specialized cells and become the building blocks of large multicellular organisms, such as humans and other animals.
The smallest known cells are a group of tiny bacteria called mycoplasmas; some of these single-celled organisms are spheres as small as 0.2 μm in diameter.
Largest cell ….
The largest single-celled organism is an animal
called Syringammina fragilissima, which can grow to a width of 4 inches.
– are highly folded, forming a complex network of tubes.
The biological science which deals with the study of structure, function, molecular organization, growth, reproduction, and genetics of the cells, is called cytology or cell biology
(Gr., kytos = hollow vessel or cell; logos = to discourse).
Much of cell biology is devoted to the study of structures and functions of specialized cells.
Individual cells that form our bodies can grow, reproduce, process information, respond to stimuli, and carry out an amazing array of chemical reactions.
Section 1.pptx
This document summarizes key characteristics of animals. It discusses that animals are heterotrophs that move to find food which is digested inside the body. Animals are also multicellular and diploid, and almost all reproduce sexually. During embryonic development, the zygote forms a blastula and then three germ layers that give rise to tissues and organ systems. Animals display a variety of body plans ranging from radial to bilateral symmetry.
Q2C6L2 Animal Reproduction.pptxQ2C6L2 Animal Reproduction.pptx
1. The document discusses plant and animal organ systems and their functions, focusing on reproduction. It describes both asexual and sexual reproduction in animals.
2. Sexual reproduction involves the fusion of egg and sperm to form a zygote, while asexual reproduction does not involve fertilization.
3. The document outlines the key reproductive organs in male and female humans and other animals like ovaries, testes, penis, and vagina.
4. It also discusses fertilization, important reproductive variations, and the nutrient requirements for plants.
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Seven themes of Biology
- 1. Seven Themes of BiologyChosen Species: Whitetail Deer (Odocoileusvirginianus) Trent Struve
- 2. Cell Structure & Function Multicellular All whitetail deer have a variety of cell that work together to perform different functions. Their bodies contain membrane bound organelles, but do not have cell walls.
- 3. Reproduction Whitetail deer make more of their own kind by giving live births. This is a form of sexual reproduction.
- 4. Metabolism These animals consume their food from other organisms. For example, the deer consumes the corn and through a series of chemical reactions, they produce energy.
- 5. Homeostasis Whitetail deer maintain homeostasis by positive and negative feedback. An example of positive feedback is when the deer’s blood platelets accumulate. Negative feedback tries to bring the body back to normal. An example of this is when the deer is deprived of food, then the metabolic point will be set lower than usual.
- 6. Heredity Heredity is passing traits down. An example of heredity in whitetail deer would be the characteristics of their antlers.
- 7. Evolution Over time, whitetail deer have learned to adapt to the different environments that they live in. For example, depending on the region, one deer could be smaller and faster than one from a different region.
- 8. Interdependence Interdependence is when all members rely on one another. A whitetail deer can survive on its own without being responsible for any other animal. The deer would be an example of a dependent relationship.