The document summarizes seven modern wonders of the world: 1) The Channel Tunnel connects Britain and France beneath the English Channel, consisting of three tunnels including two for traffic and one for emergency escape. 2) The CN Tower in Toronto is a 553-meter tall communications and observation tower and icon of the city's skyline. 3) The Empire State Building in New York City stands at 102 stories and was the world's tallest building until 1972.

1. Seven Wonders of the Modern World

2. Channel Tunnel French : Le tunnel sous la Manche English Channel between England and France

3. During construction, both Britain and France raced to see who would reach the midpoint first. Britain won. It created a ground link between Great Britain and the rest of Europe

4. The Channel Tunnel (or "Chunnel") is actually made of three tunnels: two hold traffic and a smaller service tunnel serves as an emergency escape route.

5. It is the longest undersea tunnel in the world. It cost over $21 billion to complete the Channel Tunnel. Fastest way to get between London and Paris

7. CN Tower Toronto, Canada

8. A communications and observation tower standing 553.3 metres (1,815 ft) tall. The CN Tower signature icon of Toronto's skyline, and a symbol of Canada It remains the tallest free-standing structure in the Western Hemisphere,

9. Main Pod of the CN Tower in Toronto, Canada

10. Features: CN Tower glass floor elevator ride Revolving restaurants at the top tower The floor in the 360-degree restaurants rotates once every 72 minutes allowing everyone a complete unobstructed view of the city below World’s longest metal staircase World’s highest wine cellar Installed an intelligent LED illumination system Bungie Jumping

13. Empire State Building New York City, USA

14. Designed by the architectural firm of Shreve, Lamb, & Harmon Associates, the Empire State Building stands at 102 stories above ground. Construction of the Empire State Building began in March of 1930 on the site of the old Waldorf-Astoria Hotel at 350 Fifth Avenue at 34th Street. It was completed 14 months later in May, 1931.

16. The tallest building in the world until the completion of the first tower of the World Trade Center in Lower Manhattan in 1972. LOCATION 350 Fifth Avenue, between 33rd and 34th Streets, New York, NY 10001 Height: 1,472 feet (448 meters) to top of antennae. 1,250 feet (391 meters) to 102nd floor observatory. 1,050 feet (320 meters) to 86th floor observatory.

17. Golden Gate Bridge San Francisco City, USA

19. Why the "Golden Gate"? The entrance to the San Francisco Bay from the Pacific Ocean is known as the Golden Gate Strait. A topographical engineer named it in 1846. It reminded him of a harbor in Istanbul named Chrysoceras, or Golden Horn.

20. The Golden Gate runs across the Golden Gate Strait and it connects San Francisco to Marin County.

21. The bridge was originally designed and built by engineer Joseph B. Strauss Why build the bridge? The time was right to span the Strait and link the city of San Francisco and the County of Marin .

22. Irving Morrow gave the bridge and architectural treatment. The bridge was considered impossible to build. But despite it all, the bridge was constructed in a little more than four years. It was completed on May 27, 1937 The Golden Gate Bridge’s 4,200 foot long main suspension span was a world record that stood for 27 years.

23. Facts: The two great cables extending from the bridge contain 80,000 miles of steel wire, which is enough to circle the equator three times. The concrete poured to cement the bridge into the stormy waters below could have also been used to pave a five-foot wide sidewalk from New York to San Francisco. It usually takes an hour to walk across the bridge. Today, pedestrians and bicyclists are still allowed to cross the bridge on pathways with breathtaking views of the city, Alcatraz, and the Marin Headlands.

24. The Itaipu Dam Paraná River, border of Brazil and Paraguay

25. “ The true marvel of Itaipú, though, is its powerhouse ... a single building that puts out 12,600 megawatts -- enough to power most of California.” The world's largest hydroelectric plant Location: On the Parana River, 14 kilometers North of the International Bridge linking the cities of Foz do Iguacu, Brazil, and Ciudad del Este, Paraguay Built from 1975 to 1991 Power plant has 18 generating units which produce 12,600 MW (megawatts) and 75 million MWh a year

26. The energy production of the dam has broken several records (a new record will approximately reach the 80 million MWh a year mark) A major tourist attraction - received about 9 million visitors from 162 countries The distance of all the dams measures up to be 7744 meters Has 14 segmented sluice-gates, which have a total discharge rate of 62,200 cubic meters per second

28. Took a great amount of materials to build the dam The volume of iron and steel used would be enough to build 380 Eiffel Towers The volume of concrete used is 15 times the amount used to build the Channel Tunnel between France and England The final cost of the Itaipu Dam is $20 billion

29. North Sea Protection Works Netherlands

30. Built to prevent the Netherlands, which is below sea level, from being flooded during severe storms The dam is 300 feet wide at sea level and 25 feet high at the level of its causeway Without the dams, living near the large tidal inlet, Zuider Zee, or the delta created by the Rhine and Meuse rivers would be impossible

32. The dam was completed in 1984 Provides the people of the Netherlands with a lot of farmland '"In terms of magnitude," an American trade journal wrote, the North Sea project "approaches of the Great Wall of China. In terms of complexity and technical sophistication, it approaches the lunar shot. It is unique, expensive, and quite unlike any other civil engineering project to be found on this planet."'

34. Panama Canal Panama

35. Opened on August 15, 1914 Saves a ship from traveling an extra 7872 miles around South America The U.S. signed a treaty with Panama in 1903, allowing the U.S. to build a canal across the Isthmus of Panama

36. Col. William C. Gorgas provided help to the health problems involved with the project John F. Stevens and Col. George W. Goethals helped with the engineering and administrative of the canal project The U.S. owned and operated the canal until December 31, 1999, when it gave it back to Panama Cost about $387 million to build

38. Helps a ship travel less distance and thus save time when traveling between the Atlantic Ocean and the Pacific Ocean The whole project took ten years to complete.