SEO is the process of improving a website's search engine rankings through optimization. The document outlines the main steps of an SEO strategy: 1) Define the target audience and their needs, 2) Conduct categorized keyword research, 3) Optimize on-page SEO and site structure, 4) Perform off-page SEO and link building, and 5) Monitor, track, and view results. Key aspects include determining audience demographics, creating a keyword spreadsheet using Google Keyword Planner, ensuring good internal linking and navigation, building links through social media and outreach, and monitoring traffic and rankings over time.