Senior Research \'09-\'10
•
1 like•285 views
The document discusses the synthesis of tungsten complexes for activating carbon dioxide. Specifically, it details the design and synthesis of tungsten complexes containing tris(pyrazolyl)borate ligands that are capable of binding carbon dioxide and alkenes. The complexes were characterized using NMR spectroscopy and infrared spectroscopy. Future work involves using the complexes to catalyze reactions between carbon dioxide and alkenes to produce metallalactone products like acrylic acid, which are useful synthetic building blocks.
Report
Share
Report
Share
![Carbon Feedstocks ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Functionalized product: Synthetic building blocks Value-added products: pharmaceuticals, materials, etc. Carbon Feedstocks](data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7)
Recommended
Environment Worksheet
1. The amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere has increased due to combustion of fossil fuels for energy and transportation. This traps more heat in the atmosphere and causes global temperature rise and sea level rise. Using hydrogen or electric vehicles can reduce carbon dioxide emissions.
2. Acid rain is caused by sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides from fossil fuel combustion and vehicle engines reacting with water in the air to form acids. This acidic rain damages ecosystems.
3. In the reaction of hydrogen sulfide and oxygen, sulfur dioxide is produced which is poisonous and contributes to acid rain formation. The amount of sulfur dioxide can be calculated from the balanced chemical equation.
4. In coal combustion, nitrogen and oxygen react
Thermodynamic
1. The document discusses thermodynamic studies on using sulphate roasting to extract zinc from carbonate ore for use in zinc electro winning.
2. It examines using pyrite as an admixture to allow a carbonate ore to be treated like a sulphide ore, producing a roasted product that can be processed using conventional zinc electrowinning methods with sulphate solutions.
3. Experimental work identified optimum conditions as roasting at 650°C for 4 hours, resulting in 91.2% zinc dissolution and 17.9% iron dissolution, followed by leaching in 4% sulfuric acid at 60°C.
Ammonia worksheet
This chemistry worksheet provides solutions to multiple choice and free response questions about ammonia and nitrogen-containing compounds. Key points addressed include:
1) Chemical equations for the production of ammonia from nitrogen and hydrogen gases and the reaction of ammonia with carbon dioxide.
2) Percentage composition of nitrogen in ammonium nitrate and its role as a fertilizer.
3) Reactions of ammonium nitrate with calcium hydroxide and uses of calcium nitride.
4) Processes for obtaining nitrogen from air and producing ammonia via the Haber process.
5) Tests to identify ammonia and nitrogen gases and calculations involving moles and volumes.
Tro3 lecture 07
The document discusses chemical reactions and equations. It provides examples of writing balanced chemical equations, including combustion reactions. Key steps in writing equations are identifying reactants and products, determining the chemical formulas, counting atoms on each side, and adding coefficients to balance the equation. Examples show balancing equations for reactions of metals with oxygen and other common reactions like burning of fuels.
Organic Chem Hw 1
1. The document discusses fractional distillation of petroleum and combustion of methane and propane. It provides equations to represent the complete and incomplete combustion of various hydrocarbons.
2. Key details include that fractional distillation separates petroleum into fractions with different boiling points, and the demand and supply of fractions varies. Incomplete combustion of methane produces harmful carbon monoxide.
3. Calculations are shown for heat released during combustion reactions of methane and propane, and for sulfur dioxide produced from burning hydrogen sulfide in natural gas.
#18 Key
The document contains 6 chemistry problems involving gas phase chemical equilibria calculations:
1) Calculating the equilibrium partial pressure of N2O4 and the equilibrium constant Kp for the reaction N2O4 ⇌ 2NO2.
2) Calculating the equilibrium concentrations of H2, Br2, and HBr and the equilibrium constant Kc for the reaction H2 + Br2 ⇌ 2HBr.
3) Calculating the equilibrium constant Kc for the reaction SO2 + Cl2 ⇌ SO2Cl2 given the value of Kp.
4) Calculating the value of Kp for the reverse reaction of 2NO2 ⇌
Chemical reactions and their characteristics
This presentation is based on the chapter 1 of chemistry .this presentation includes the basic informations related with the chemical Reactions and their characteristics. it will help students and teachers in the teaching learning process.
Chemical equations and their types
This presentation is based on the chapter 1 of chemistry .this presentation includes the basic informations related with the chemical equations and their types. it will help students and teachers in the teaching learning process.
Recommended
Environment Worksheet
1. The amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere has increased due to combustion of fossil fuels for energy and transportation. This traps more heat in the atmosphere and causes global temperature rise and sea level rise. Using hydrogen or electric vehicles can reduce carbon dioxide emissions.
2. Acid rain is caused by sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides from fossil fuel combustion and vehicle engines reacting with water in the air to form acids. This acidic rain damages ecosystems.
3. In the reaction of hydrogen sulfide and oxygen, sulfur dioxide is produced which is poisonous and contributes to acid rain formation. The amount of sulfur dioxide can be calculated from the balanced chemical equation.
4. In coal combustion, nitrogen and oxygen react
Thermodynamic
1. The document discusses thermodynamic studies on using sulphate roasting to extract zinc from carbonate ore for use in zinc electro winning.
2. It examines using pyrite as an admixture to allow a carbonate ore to be treated like a sulphide ore, producing a roasted product that can be processed using conventional zinc electrowinning methods with sulphate solutions.
3. Experimental work identified optimum conditions as roasting at 650°C for 4 hours, resulting in 91.2% zinc dissolution and 17.9% iron dissolution, followed by leaching in 4% sulfuric acid at 60°C.
Ammonia worksheet
This chemistry worksheet provides solutions to multiple choice and free response questions about ammonia and nitrogen-containing compounds. Key points addressed include:
1) Chemical equations for the production of ammonia from nitrogen and hydrogen gases and the reaction of ammonia with carbon dioxide.
2) Percentage composition of nitrogen in ammonium nitrate and its role as a fertilizer.
3) Reactions of ammonium nitrate with calcium hydroxide and uses of calcium nitride.
4) Processes for obtaining nitrogen from air and producing ammonia via the Haber process.
5) Tests to identify ammonia and nitrogen gases and calculations involving moles and volumes.
Tro3 lecture 07
The document discusses chemical reactions and equations. It provides examples of writing balanced chemical equations, including combustion reactions. Key steps in writing equations are identifying reactants and products, determining the chemical formulas, counting atoms on each side, and adding coefficients to balance the equation. Examples show balancing equations for reactions of metals with oxygen and other common reactions like burning of fuels.
Organic Chem Hw 1
1. The document discusses fractional distillation of petroleum and combustion of methane and propane. It provides equations to represent the complete and incomplete combustion of various hydrocarbons.
2. Key details include that fractional distillation separates petroleum into fractions with different boiling points, and the demand and supply of fractions varies. Incomplete combustion of methane produces harmful carbon monoxide.
3. Calculations are shown for heat released during combustion reactions of methane and propane, and for sulfur dioxide produced from burning hydrogen sulfide in natural gas.
#18 Key
The document contains 6 chemistry problems involving gas phase chemical equilibria calculations:
1) Calculating the equilibrium partial pressure of N2O4 and the equilibrium constant Kp for the reaction N2O4 ⇌ 2NO2.
2) Calculating the equilibrium concentrations of H2, Br2, and HBr and the equilibrium constant Kc for the reaction H2 + Br2 ⇌ 2HBr.
3) Calculating the equilibrium constant Kc for the reaction SO2 + Cl2 ⇌ SO2Cl2 given the value of Kp.
4) Calculating the value of Kp for the reverse reaction of 2NO2 ⇌
Chemical reactions and their characteristics
This presentation is based on the chapter 1 of chemistry .this presentation includes the basic informations related with the chemical Reactions and their characteristics. it will help students and teachers in the teaching learning process.
Chemical equations and their types
This presentation is based on the chapter 1 of chemistry .this presentation includes the basic informations related with the chemical equations and their types. it will help students and teachers in the teaching learning process.
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research(IJCER)
This document analyzes the flue gas from a small-scale municipal solid waste-fired steam generator in Nigeria. It calculates the calorific value of the waste using bomb calorimetry and Dulong's formula. The maximum furnace temperature and air required per kg of waste is determined through energy and mass balance calculations based on the combustion reactions and composition of the waste. The analysis finds that the calorific value of different waste components ranges from 12572.308 to 21833.26 KJ/kg. The maximum furnace temperature is 833.7K and air required per kg of waste is 8.66kg.
Carbon Nitride Grafted Cobalt Complex (Co@npg-C3N4) for Visible LightAssiste...
Azide containing bipyridine complex of cobalt was grafted to
the propargylated nanoporous graphitic carbon nitride (npg-C3
N4) via click reaction to obtain heterogenized photocatalyst
which could efficiently provide direct esterification of aldehydes
under visible light irradiation at room temperature. The use of
click reaction as grafting strategy provided covalent attachment
of the cobalt complex to support which not only provided
higher loading but also precluded the leaching. Furthermore,
the presence of carbon nitride support exhibited synergistic
effect to enhance the reaction rate. In addition, the milder basic
nature of nitrogen containing graphitic support provided
efficient ester synthesis without the need for an external base.
The synthesized photocatalyst was found to be quite robust
which could easily be recovered and reused several times
without significantly losing activity.
carbon dioxide to methanol single pot conversion
This document describes a new method for converting carbon dioxide directly to methanol using a C-scorpionate iron(II) catalyst. The method achieves a 44% yield of methanol at 80°C using 75 atm of CO2 and H2 with a 1:3 ratio. This represents an efficient and eco-friendly process that overcomes the challenges of thermodynamic stability and kinetic inertness of CO2. The iron catalyst complex [FeCl2{κ3-HC(pz)3}] is easily synthesized and stable, allowing the single-pot conversion under mild solvent-free conditions. This new method establishes a green chemistry approach for utilizing CO2 as a feedstock.
Chem Unit6
Stoichiometry is the quantitative relationship between reactants and products in chemical reactions. Hess's law states that the enthalpy change of a reaction is independent of the pathway and depends only on the initial and final states. Using Hess's law, one can determine the enthalpy change of a reaction by adding the enthalpy changes of multiple steps that combine to give the overall reaction. The standard enthalpy of formation of a compound is the enthalpy change when one mole of the substance is formed from its elements in their standard states.
Nd feo
1) The document describes research into using NdFeO3 as the anode material for sulfur-oxygen solid oxide fuel cells (S/O2-SOFCs).
2) NdFeO3 powder was prepared via a sol-gel method and was found to be stable when exposed to sulfur vapor or sulfur dioxide at 800°C based on XRD analysis.
3) A single cell with a NdFeO3-SDC/SDC/LSM-SDC structure achieved maximum power densities of 0.154 mW/cm2 at 620°C and 0.265 mW/cm2 at 650°C when using sulfur vapor and SO2 as fuels
Gasification Performance Improvement of Treated SRF Residue by Using Minerals...
The document discusses gasification performance of treated solid refuse fuel (TSRF) residue. Key findings include:
1) TSRF gasification produced syngas mainly of H2, CO, CO2 and CH4. Maximum syngas yield and heating value occurred at an equivalence ratio of 0.2.
2) Adding minerals like dolomite or lime to the gasification bed increased syngas component yields and lowered tar. Dolomite addition yielded the highest syngas.
3) Co-gasifying TSRF with 25% biomass waste increased syngas component and heating values the most. Using a 25% biomass and dolomite blend yielded the highest
Ulrich Wagner
Expert workshop on the creation and uses of combined environmental and economic performance datasets at the micro-level - 10-11 July 2018 - OECD, Paris
Role of point defects on the reactivity of reconstructed anatase titanium dio...
The document reports on a study of the reconstructed anatase titanium dioxide (001) surface using microscopic and spectroscopic techniques combined with first-principles calculations. Two types of intrinsic point defects were identified on the surface: dark spots on the as-grown (oxidized) surface and bright spots appearing on the reduced surface after argon sputtering and annealing. Only the bright spots, which correspond to Ti3+ defect sites, demonstrated considerable chemical activity for adsorbing water and oxygen molecules. The findings suggest that the reactivity of the anatase TiO2(001) surface depends on its reduction status, with the Ti3+ defect sites acting as active sites on the reduced surface.
CO2 to fuels and chemicals course material final version
Carbon Dioxide to Chemicals and Fuels Course Material.
National Centre for Catalysis Research (NCCR, IIT Madras), considered for the first on-line course the topic of Carbon dioxide to Chemicals and Fuels. NCCR has learnt many such lessons which are necessary for the researchers to understand and also have a complete comprehension of the limitations.
quasicrystals
This document discusses the definition of quasicrystals. It argues that quasicrystals should not be defined by requiring forbidden symmetry, but simply as quasiperiodic crystals. Quasicrystals have long-range order without periodicity, producing discrete diffraction patterns. Experimentally observed quasicrystals display various symmetries, including some like cubic that are allowed in periodic crystals. The definition of crystal includes any solid with discrete diffraction, not requiring periodicity. Therefore, all quasiperiodic crystals observed to date should be considered quasicrystals regardless of symmetry.
Carbon Capture & Storage - Options For India
The presentation will try to answer a few key questions related to the cost, technology, scalability and risks involved in widespread deployment of the carbon capture and sequestration technology.
An Introduction to QUASICRYSTALS, by Mr.Govahi
*Contents
~Introduction (Solid State Physics, Crystallography)
~Discovery of Impossible Crystals (QCs)
~The Unique Structure
~Producing Methods
~Properties of QCs
~Applications of QCs
~Islamic Medieval Tiling & Discovery of Natural QCs
~References
Editor: Eng. Mohamadreza Govahi, Apr 2015, Semnan PN Univeristy
Mentor: Dr. Kazem Tahmasebi
Metal free activation of co2
This document summarizes recent work on using metal-free catalysts for activating and converting carbon dioxide (CO2). It describes how certain organic molecules like porphyrins and carbon nitrides can catalyze the formation of carbamates from CO2, the first step in natural photosynthesis. The document outlines several studies showing how modified carbon nitrides can catalyze reactions like converting CO2 to cyclic carbonates and reducing it to methanol. It concludes that while carbon nitrides show promise as efficient metal-free CO2 capture and conversion catalysts, more research is still needed to fully understand and optimize their catalytic properties and activities.
Carbon Capture & Storage
This document discusses carbon capture and storage (CCS) as a solution to reducing CO2 emissions and global warming. It covers various aspects of CCS including CO2 capture technologies like post-combustion capture using solvents, compression and transport of captured CO2, and geological storage options in saline aquifers or for enhanced oil recovery. The high cost of CCS technologies is also addressed.
Carbon Capture And Storage
Carbon capture and storage aims to prevent CO2 emissions from large stationary sources like power plants from entering the atmosphere. It involves capturing about 90% of CO2 emissions, compressing and transporting it, then permanently storing it underground. CO2 can be stored in deep saline formations or depleted oil and gas fields, where it becomes trapped between rock grains and in the pores of reservoir rocks. Several CCS projects have already stored millions of tons of CO2 underground for decades. While CCS could help slow the rise of atmospheric CO2, it is still a relatively new technology that requires further development and legal/regulatory frameworks to become widely implemented.
carbon capture and storage
Khushboo Choudhary presented on carbon capture and storage (CCS) technology. The presentation covered: (1) the basic CCS process involving capturing CO2 at large emission sources, transporting it, and storing it long-term underground; (2) the three main capture systems - pre-combustion, post-combustion, and oxy-fuel combustion; (3) methods of transporting and storing CO2; (4) current CCS projects around the world; and (5) remaining challenges for CCS including costs, uncertainties about long-term storage, and need for more research.
Introduction to Carbon Capture and Storage
Barry Jones, General Manager - Asia Pacific for the Global CCS Institute, provides an overview of carbon capture and storage technology including its rationale and a summary of current projects. The presentation also examines impediments to its deployment and recommendations for how to overcome them.
metal organic framework-carbon capture and sequestration
MOF is a porous crystal like a spunge having an enormous surface area and provide much more rooms for storage the gases preferentially hydrogen and carbon dioxide and work as storage for next generation fuel.
Carbon Capture and Storage
This document discusses carbon capture and storage (CCS) technologies which aim to prevent carbon dioxide emissions from fossil fuel use. It describes three main methods for capturing CO2 - pre-combustion, post-combustion, and oxyfuel combustion. The captured CO2 can be transported via pipeline and stored underground in geological formations or utilized for enhanced oil recovery. CCS has the potential to reduce CO2 emissions by 80-90% but also increases energy needs and costs for power plants. There are environmental concerns about the impacts of long-term CO2 storage or leakage.
Carbon nanotubes ppt
This document discusses carbon nanotubes, including their discovery in 1952, types (single-walled and multi-walled), structure, properties, synthesis methods, and potential applications. Carbon nanotubes have extraordinary strength and stiffness, along with high thermal and electrical conductivity. However, they can also be toxic and have crystallographic defects. The three main synthesis methods are arc discharge, laser ablation, and chemical vapor deposition. Carbon nanotubes show promise for applications in materials science, electronics, medicine, and other fields due to their unique properties at the nanoscale.
Electrochemical synthetic hydrocarbons - Rambach - for printing with title page
The document describes using solid oxide electrochemistry to produce synthetic hydrocarbon fuels from water and carbon dioxide. It discusses using solid oxide electrolysis cells to electrolyze water and carbon dioxide into hydrogen, carbon monoxide, and oxygen. The gases can then undergo further electrochemical and catalytic reactions to produce synthetic fuels like diesel. Configurations are proposed involving porous electrodes, solid electrolytes, and downstream catalysts to facilitate these reactions in a single system. Thermochemical and electrochemical processes are compared for producing hydrogen and synthesis gas as intermediates for fuel synthesis.
Hydrodeoxygenation-supported metal catalyst-lignin-aromatic monomers- A.K.Dee...
Pd, Pt, and Ru catalysts supported on various supports were evaluated for hydrodeoxygenation of lignin-derived phenolic compounds. Pd/SiO2-Al2O3 showed the highest activity for guaiacol HDO, achieving 99% conversion to cyclohexane within 6 hours. Pt and Ru catalysts gave similar results. The acidic SiO2-Al2O3 support promoted cleavage of the C-O bond, while neutral carbon and basic hydrotalcite supports favored ring hydrogenation over full deoxygenation. Combining metals with strongly acidic supports maximized HDO. The catalysts could be recycled with no loss of activity. HDO of phenolic mixtures mimicking lignin
More Related Content
What's hot
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research(IJCER)
This document analyzes the flue gas from a small-scale municipal solid waste-fired steam generator in Nigeria. It calculates the calorific value of the waste using bomb calorimetry and Dulong's formula. The maximum furnace temperature and air required per kg of waste is determined through energy and mass balance calculations based on the combustion reactions and composition of the waste. The analysis finds that the calorific value of different waste components ranges from 12572.308 to 21833.26 KJ/kg. The maximum furnace temperature is 833.7K and air required per kg of waste is 8.66kg.
Carbon Nitride Grafted Cobalt Complex (Co@npg-C3N4) for Visible LightAssiste...
Azide containing bipyridine complex of cobalt was grafted to
the propargylated nanoporous graphitic carbon nitride (npg-C3
N4) via click reaction to obtain heterogenized photocatalyst
which could efficiently provide direct esterification of aldehydes
under visible light irradiation at room temperature. The use of
click reaction as grafting strategy provided covalent attachment
of the cobalt complex to support which not only provided
higher loading but also precluded the leaching. Furthermore,
the presence of carbon nitride support exhibited synergistic
effect to enhance the reaction rate. In addition, the milder basic
nature of nitrogen containing graphitic support provided
efficient ester synthesis without the need for an external base.
The synthesized photocatalyst was found to be quite robust
which could easily be recovered and reused several times
without significantly losing activity.
carbon dioxide to methanol single pot conversion
This document describes a new method for converting carbon dioxide directly to methanol using a C-scorpionate iron(II) catalyst. The method achieves a 44% yield of methanol at 80°C using 75 atm of CO2 and H2 with a 1:3 ratio. This represents an efficient and eco-friendly process that overcomes the challenges of thermodynamic stability and kinetic inertness of CO2. The iron catalyst complex [FeCl2{κ3-HC(pz)3}] is easily synthesized and stable, allowing the single-pot conversion under mild solvent-free conditions. This new method establishes a green chemistry approach for utilizing CO2 as a feedstock.
Chem Unit6
Stoichiometry is the quantitative relationship between reactants and products in chemical reactions. Hess's law states that the enthalpy change of a reaction is independent of the pathway and depends only on the initial and final states. Using Hess's law, one can determine the enthalpy change of a reaction by adding the enthalpy changes of multiple steps that combine to give the overall reaction. The standard enthalpy of formation of a compound is the enthalpy change when one mole of the substance is formed from its elements in their standard states.
Nd feo
1) The document describes research into using NdFeO3 as the anode material for sulfur-oxygen solid oxide fuel cells (S/O2-SOFCs).
2) NdFeO3 powder was prepared via a sol-gel method and was found to be stable when exposed to sulfur vapor or sulfur dioxide at 800°C based on XRD analysis.
3) A single cell with a NdFeO3-SDC/SDC/LSM-SDC structure achieved maximum power densities of 0.154 mW/cm2 at 620°C and 0.265 mW/cm2 at 650°C when using sulfur vapor and SO2 as fuels
Gasification Performance Improvement of Treated SRF Residue by Using Minerals...
The document discusses gasification performance of treated solid refuse fuel (TSRF) residue. Key findings include:
1) TSRF gasification produced syngas mainly of H2, CO, CO2 and CH4. Maximum syngas yield and heating value occurred at an equivalence ratio of 0.2.
2) Adding minerals like dolomite or lime to the gasification bed increased syngas component yields and lowered tar. Dolomite addition yielded the highest syngas.
3) Co-gasifying TSRF with 25% biomass waste increased syngas component and heating values the most. Using a 25% biomass and dolomite blend yielded the highest
Ulrich Wagner
Expert workshop on the creation and uses of combined environmental and economic performance datasets at the micro-level - 10-11 July 2018 - OECD, Paris
Role of point defects on the reactivity of reconstructed anatase titanium dio...
The document reports on a study of the reconstructed anatase titanium dioxide (001) surface using microscopic and spectroscopic techniques combined with first-principles calculations. Two types of intrinsic point defects were identified on the surface: dark spots on the as-grown (oxidized) surface and bright spots appearing on the reduced surface after argon sputtering and annealing. Only the bright spots, which correspond to Ti3+ defect sites, demonstrated considerable chemical activity for adsorbing water and oxygen molecules. The findings suggest that the reactivity of the anatase TiO2(001) surface depends on its reduction status, with the Ti3+ defect sites acting as active sites on the reduced surface.
CO2 to fuels and chemicals course material final version
Carbon Dioxide to Chemicals and Fuels Course Material.
National Centre for Catalysis Research (NCCR, IIT Madras), considered for the first on-line course the topic of Carbon dioxide to Chemicals and Fuels. NCCR has learnt many such lessons which are necessary for the researchers to understand and also have a complete comprehension of the limitations.
What's hot (9)
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research(IJCER)
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research(IJCER)
Carbon Nitride Grafted Cobalt Complex (Co@npg-C3N4) for Visible LightAssiste...
Carbon Nitride Grafted Cobalt Complex (Co@npg-C3N4) for Visible LightAssiste...
Gasification Performance Improvement of Treated SRF Residue by Using Minerals...
Gasification Performance Improvement of Treated SRF Residue by Using Minerals...
Role of point defects on the reactivity of reconstructed anatase titanium dio...
Role of point defects on the reactivity of reconstructed anatase titanium dio...
CO2 to fuels and chemicals course material final version
CO2 to fuels and chemicals course material final version
Viewers also liked
quasicrystals
This document discusses the definition of quasicrystals. It argues that quasicrystals should not be defined by requiring forbidden symmetry, but simply as quasiperiodic crystals. Quasicrystals have long-range order without periodicity, producing discrete diffraction patterns. Experimentally observed quasicrystals display various symmetries, including some like cubic that are allowed in periodic crystals. The definition of crystal includes any solid with discrete diffraction, not requiring periodicity. Therefore, all quasiperiodic crystals observed to date should be considered quasicrystals regardless of symmetry.
Carbon Capture & Storage - Options For India
The presentation will try to answer a few key questions related to the cost, technology, scalability and risks involved in widespread deployment of the carbon capture and sequestration technology.
An Introduction to QUASICRYSTALS, by Mr.Govahi
*Contents
~Introduction (Solid State Physics, Crystallography)
~Discovery of Impossible Crystals (QCs)
~The Unique Structure
~Producing Methods
~Properties of QCs
~Applications of QCs
~Islamic Medieval Tiling & Discovery of Natural QCs
~References
Editor: Eng. Mohamadreza Govahi, Apr 2015, Semnan PN Univeristy
Mentor: Dr. Kazem Tahmasebi
Metal free activation of co2
This document summarizes recent work on using metal-free catalysts for activating and converting carbon dioxide (CO2). It describes how certain organic molecules like porphyrins and carbon nitrides can catalyze the formation of carbamates from CO2, the first step in natural photosynthesis. The document outlines several studies showing how modified carbon nitrides can catalyze reactions like converting CO2 to cyclic carbonates and reducing it to methanol. It concludes that while carbon nitrides show promise as efficient metal-free CO2 capture and conversion catalysts, more research is still needed to fully understand and optimize their catalytic properties and activities.
Carbon Capture & Storage
This document discusses carbon capture and storage (CCS) as a solution to reducing CO2 emissions and global warming. It covers various aspects of CCS including CO2 capture technologies like post-combustion capture using solvents, compression and transport of captured CO2, and geological storage options in saline aquifers or for enhanced oil recovery. The high cost of CCS technologies is also addressed.
Carbon Capture And Storage
Carbon capture and storage aims to prevent CO2 emissions from large stationary sources like power plants from entering the atmosphere. It involves capturing about 90% of CO2 emissions, compressing and transporting it, then permanently storing it underground. CO2 can be stored in deep saline formations or depleted oil and gas fields, where it becomes trapped between rock grains and in the pores of reservoir rocks. Several CCS projects have already stored millions of tons of CO2 underground for decades. While CCS could help slow the rise of atmospheric CO2, it is still a relatively new technology that requires further development and legal/regulatory frameworks to become widely implemented.
carbon capture and storage
Khushboo Choudhary presented on carbon capture and storage (CCS) technology. The presentation covered: (1) the basic CCS process involving capturing CO2 at large emission sources, transporting it, and storing it long-term underground; (2) the three main capture systems - pre-combustion, post-combustion, and oxy-fuel combustion; (3) methods of transporting and storing CO2; (4) current CCS projects around the world; and (5) remaining challenges for CCS including costs, uncertainties about long-term storage, and need for more research.
Introduction to Carbon Capture and Storage
Barry Jones, General Manager - Asia Pacific for the Global CCS Institute, provides an overview of carbon capture and storage technology including its rationale and a summary of current projects. The presentation also examines impediments to its deployment and recommendations for how to overcome them.
metal organic framework-carbon capture and sequestration
MOF is a porous crystal like a spunge having an enormous surface area and provide much more rooms for storage the gases preferentially hydrogen and carbon dioxide and work as storage for next generation fuel.
Carbon Capture and Storage
This document discusses carbon capture and storage (CCS) technologies which aim to prevent carbon dioxide emissions from fossil fuel use. It describes three main methods for capturing CO2 - pre-combustion, post-combustion, and oxyfuel combustion. The captured CO2 can be transported via pipeline and stored underground in geological formations or utilized for enhanced oil recovery. CCS has the potential to reduce CO2 emissions by 80-90% but also increases energy needs and costs for power plants. There are environmental concerns about the impacts of long-term CO2 storage or leakage.
Carbon nanotubes ppt
This document discusses carbon nanotubes, including their discovery in 1952, types (single-walled and multi-walled), structure, properties, synthesis methods, and potential applications. Carbon nanotubes have extraordinary strength and stiffness, along with high thermal and electrical conductivity. However, they can also be toxic and have crystallographic defects. The three main synthesis methods are arc discharge, laser ablation, and chemical vapor deposition. Carbon nanotubes show promise for applications in materials science, electronics, medicine, and other fields due to their unique properties at the nanoscale.
Viewers also liked (11)
metal organic framework-carbon capture and sequestration
metal organic framework-carbon capture and sequestration
Similar to Senior Research \'09-\'10
Electrochemical synthetic hydrocarbons - Rambach - for printing with title page
The document describes using solid oxide electrochemistry to produce synthetic hydrocarbon fuels from water and carbon dioxide. It discusses using solid oxide electrolysis cells to electrolyze water and carbon dioxide into hydrogen, carbon monoxide, and oxygen. The gases can then undergo further electrochemical and catalytic reactions to produce synthetic fuels like diesel. Configurations are proposed involving porous electrodes, solid electrolytes, and downstream catalysts to facilitate these reactions in a single system. Thermochemical and electrochemical processes are compared for producing hydrogen and synthesis gas as intermediates for fuel synthesis.
Hydrodeoxygenation-supported metal catalyst-lignin-aromatic monomers- A.K.Dee...
Pd, Pt, and Ru catalysts supported on various supports were evaluated for hydrodeoxygenation of lignin-derived phenolic compounds. Pd/SiO2-Al2O3 showed the highest activity for guaiacol HDO, achieving 99% conversion to cyclohexane within 6 hours. Pt and Ru catalysts gave similar results. The acidic SiO2-Al2O3 support promoted cleavage of the C-O bond, while neutral carbon and basic hydrotalcite supports favored ring hydrogenation over full deoxygenation. Combining metals with strongly acidic supports maximized HDO. The catalysts could be recycled with no loss of activity. HDO of phenolic mixtures mimicking lignin
Pollutant abatement of nitrogen based fuel effluents over mono
Pollutant abatement of nitrogen-based fuel effluents over mono and bimetallic platinum/ruthenium catalyst.
Episode 3 : Production of Synthesis Gas by Steam Methane Reforming
Episode 3 : Production of Synthesis Gas by Steam Methane Reforming
History of Synthesis Gas
In 1780, Felice Fontana discovered that combustible gas develops if water vapor is passed over carbon at temperatures over 500 °C. This CO and H2 containing gas was called water gas and mainly used for lighting purposes in the19th century.
As of the beginning of the 20th century, H2/CO-mixtures were used for syntheses of hydrocarbons and then, as a consequence, also called synthesis gas.
Haber and Bosch discovered the synthesis of ammonia from H2 and N2 in 1910 and the first industrial ammonia synthesis plant was commissioned in 1913.
The production of liquid hydrocarbons and oxygenates from syngas conversion over iron catalysts was discovered in 1923 by Fischer and Tropsch.
Much of the syngas conversion processes were being developed in Germany during the first and second world wars at a time when natural resources were becoming scare and alternative routes for hydrogen production, ammonia synthesis, and transportation fuels were a necessity.
In 1943/44, this was applied for large-scale production of artificial fuels from synthesis gas in Germany.
PRESENTATION ON PLANT DESIGN FOR MANUFACTURING OF HYDROGEN
Steam reforming or steam methane reforming is a method for producing syngas (hydrogen and carbon monoxide) by reaction of hydrocarbons with water. Commonly natural gas is the feedstock. The main purpose of this technology is hydrogen production.The reaction is conducted in a reformer vessel where a high pressure mixture of steam and methane are put into contact with a nickel catalyst. Catalysts with high surface-area-to-volume ratio are preferred because of diffusion limitations due to high operating temperature. Examples of catalyst shapes used are spoked wheels, gear wheels, and rings with holes. Additionally, these shapes have a low pressure drop which is advantageous for this application.
Aresta energia roma, 18 10 2011
1. The document discusses the potential for carbon dioxide (CO2) capture and utilization (CCU) to address environmental, energy, and economic issues by converting CO2 into useful resources.
2. It outlines various methods for using CO2, including synthesizing chemicals, energy products like methanol, and coupling CO2 reduction with excess renewable energies.
3. The key is developing processes that minimize material and energy usage and CO2 emissions, to effectively reduce the climate impact of accumulating CO2 in the atmosphere.
Sipma, 2004, Effect Of Carbon Monoxide, Hydrogen And Sulfate On Thermophilic ...
This document summarizes a study on the conversion of carbon monoxide (CO) by two anaerobic sludge samples at 55°C. The study aimed to elucidate the conversion routes and determine the effect of substrate (CO) concentration and the presence of hydrogen gas. Inhibition experiments showed CO conversion occurred via a hydrogenogenic population producing hydrogen and carbon dioxide, with the products then used by methanogens, acetogens, or sulfate reducers depending on sludge source and inhibitors. Both sludges could produce hydrogen from CO, indicating potential for biological hydrogen production from synthesis gas containing CO. The paper mill sludge was also capable of sulfate reduction using hydrogen produced from high CO concentrations, showing CO-rich synthesis gas can efficiently
Md. habibur rahman
The document discusses various processes for producing synthesis gas (syngas), which is a mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide, from natural gas through reforming reactions. It describes the main reforming processes - steam reforming, partial oxidation, autothermal reforming, dry reforming, and their operating conditions. Catalysts used and reactor designs for the different reforming reactions are also summarized.
Applications of catalysis- Physical Chemistry
content-
Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
History of Catalysis
Catalysis
Recent trends in Catalysis
Future trends in Catalysis
Summary
role-
24% of GDP from Products made using catalysts (Food, Fuels, Clothes, Polymers, Drug, Agro-chemicals)
> 90 % of petro refining & petrochemicals processes use catalysts
90 % of processes & 60 % of products in the chemical industry
> 95% of pollution control technologies
Catalysis in the production/use of alternate fuels (NG,DME, H2, Fuel Cells, biofuels…)
Manufacture of acetonitrile 2015
This document summarizes information about acetonitrile (CH3CN). It provides acetonitrile's molecular formula, synonyms, physical properties such as boiling point and density, solubility, reactivity, uses as a solvent and in manufacturing processes, production methods, safety considerations, and worldwide production and trade data. The document contains detailed process flow diagrams and calculations for producing acetonitrile via ammoxidation of propylene in a two-reactor system with quenching and separation steps.
Hydrogen generation by cascading hydrothermal liquefaction of cotton with pho...
This document describes a novel integrated process for enhanced hydrogen generation from biomass. The process involves two steps: 1) Hydrothermal liquefaction of biomass at 250°C in the presence of a nickel catalyst produces a biocrude containing carboxylic acids as well as hydrogen gas, though hydrogen yields are low. 2) Solar photocatalytic reforming of the biocrude using a platinum-coated titanium dioxide catalyst generates additional hydrogen, with hydrogen yields up to 17.82% higher than hydrothermal liquefaction alone. The integrated hydrothermal liquefaction and photocatalytic reforming process has potential for improved hydrogen production from biomass.
Heat transfer
1. The document outlines the content of an online course including basics of processing, principles of heat transfer, heat exchangers, fired heaters, and a final assessment.
2. The course content includes basics of hydrocarbon nomenclature, classification of mixtures, and types of chemical reactions and bonds.
3. Key topics covered are properties of paraffin hydrocarbons, factors that affect boiling points, and structural representations of compounds like hexane.
Chemistry zimsec chapter 13 nitrogen and sulfur
Chemistry zimsec chapter 13 nitrogen and sulfur
Advanced Level
Chemistry
Zimsec
Alpro
Elearning
Sces2340 p3 hydrogen_synthesis_041218
This document discusses various techniques for hydrogen production including treatment of gas mixtures, decomposition of hydrocarbons, and decomposition of water. It provides details on steam reforming, partial oxidation processes, and electrolysis of water. Steam reforming involves a catalytic reaction of methane and steam at high temperatures and pressures to produce hydrogen and carbon monoxide. Partial oxidation processes use oxygen and steam in an exothermic reaction to partially oxidize hydrocarbons into hydrogen, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide. Electrolysis and thermochemical cycles can also be used to decompose water into hydrogen and oxygen through electrical or thermal means.
sufficient method of hydrogen production by water gas shift reactions
today energy production in big race, because population and technology increasing rate is very fast,
we discussed hydrogen as good energy source and some synthesis method of hydrogen gas and major focus on water gas shift reaction
#water, #watergasshiftreaction,
#energy
#nanoparticle
#property_of_nanopartical
Thermo catalytic decomposition of methane over Pd/AC and Pd/CB catalysts for ...
Hydrogen production studies have been carried using Thermo Catalytic Decomposition (TCD) Unit. Thermo catalytic decomposition of methane is an attractive route for COx free production of hydrogen required in fuel cells. Although metal based catalysts produce hydrogen at low temperatures, carbon formed during methane decomposition reaction rapidly deactivates the catalyst. The present work compares the results of 10 wt% Pd supported on commercially available activated carbon and carbon black catalysts (samples coded as Pd10/AC and Pd10/CB respectively) for methane decomposition reaction. Hydrogen has been produced by thermo catalytic decomposition of methane at 1123K and Volume Hourly Space Velocity (VHSV) of 1.62 L/h g on the activity of both the catalysts has been studied. XRD of the above catalysts revealed, moderately crystalline peaks of Pd which may be responsible for the increase in catalytic life and formation of carbon fibers. Also during life studies (850°C and 54 sccm of methane) it has been observed that the activity of carbon black is sustainable for a longer time compared to that of activated carbon.
Chapter-2.pptx
This document discusses several 5-membered heterocyclic compounds including furan, thiophene, and pyrrole. It outlines their general structures, with one carbon atom replaced by an oxygen in furan, sulfur in thiophene, and nitrogen in pyrrole. Several common methods for synthesizing these heterocycles are also presented, such as the Paal-Knorr reaction involving cyclization of 1,4-diketones or analogous compounds. The document concludes by comparing the reactivity of these heterocycles towards electrophilic aromatic substitution and other reaction types.
vdocuments.net_heterocyclic-chemistry-58bb82e5b406c.ppt
This document discusses several 5-membered heterocyclic compounds: furan, thiophene, pyrrole, imidazole, and indole. It outlines common strategies for synthesizing heterocycles, including ring closure methods, the "4+1" and "5+1" strategies, and manipulation of oxidation states. Electrophilic aromatic substitution is discussed as a major reaction type for these compounds, with reactivity generally following the order pyrrole > furan > thiophene > benzene. Oxidation and reduction reactions are also covered.
Fischer_Tropsch_Catalysts.pdf
The document discusses catalyst preparation and behavior in catalytic reactions such as Fischer-Tropsch synthesis and catalytic partial oxidation. It describes the Fischer-Tropsch process, different catalyst types including precious metals and metal oxides, and preparation methods like deposition-precipitation. Temperature-programmed reduction is used to analyze the reducibility of nickel oxide catalysts supported on silica and titania. The document provides details on catalyst characterization and evaluation.
Ijetr042158
IJETR, ER Publication, Research Papers, Free Journals, High Impact Journals, M.Tech Research Articles, Free Publication, UGC Journals,
Similar to Senior Research \'09-\'10 (20)
Electrochemical synthetic hydrocarbons - Rambach - for printing with title page
Electrochemical synthetic hydrocarbons - Rambach - for printing with title page
Hydrodeoxygenation-supported metal catalyst-lignin-aromatic monomers- A.K.Dee...
Hydrodeoxygenation-supported metal catalyst-lignin-aromatic monomers- A.K.Dee...
Pollutant abatement of nitrogen based fuel effluents over mono
Pollutant abatement of nitrogen based fuel effluents over mono
Episode 3 : Production of Synthesis Gas by Steam Methane Reforming
Episode 3 : Production of Synthesis Gas by Steam Methane Reforming
PRESENTATION ON PLANT DESIGN FOR MANUFACTURING OF HYDROGEN
PRESENTATION ON PLANT DESIGN FOR MANUFACTURING OF HYDROGEN
Sipma, 2004, Effect Of Carbon Monoxide, Hydrogen And Sulfate On Thermophilic ...
Sipma, 2004, Effect Of Carbon Monoxide, Hydrogen And Sulfate On Thermophilic ...
Hydrogen generation by cascading hydrothermal liquefaction of cotton with pho...
Hydrogen generation by cascading hydrothermal liquefaction of cotton with pho...
sufficient method of hydrogen production by water gas shift reactions
sufficient method of hydrogen production by water gas shift reactions
Thermo catalytic decomposition of methane over Pd/AC and Pd/CB catalysts for ...
Thermo catalytic decomposition of methane over Pd/AC and Pd/CB catalysts for ...
vdocuments.net_heterocyclic-chemistry-58bb82e5b406c.ppt
vdocuments.net_heterocyclic-chemistry-58bb82e5b406c.ppt
Senior Research \'09-\'10
- 1. Synthesis of Tungsten Complexes for the Activation of Carbon Dioxide Valerie Stephens and Peter M. Graham* CO 2 as a carbon feedstock
- 10. Results Complex Molar Mass (g/mol) 1 H NMR (ppm) IR (cm -1 ) Percent Yield TpW (CO) 3 I 610.83 8.42(2), 7.87,6.30 2008, 1923, 1879 82.5% Tp*W (CO) 3 I 693.98 6.09, 3.50 (4), 2.50 2007, 1910, 1885 96.0% TpW(CO) 2 tBuNH 555.04 14.57(br), 8.42 1908, 1785 40.5% Tp*W(CO) 2 tBuNH 693.20 14.40 (br), 5.90 1900, 1777 67.0% TpW(CO) 2 NH(Ph) 546.01 15.90 (br), 14.20 2019, 1938, 1900 35.9% Tp*W(CO) 2 NH(Ph) 630.20 15.90 (br), 2.50(2), 1.71, 2.42 1899, 1779 18.5% Tp*W(CO) 2 N(C 3 H 7 ) 2 610.23 Overlapping at 7.18- 7.12 1948 30.2% Tp*W(CO) 2 NtBu 609.17 2086, 2006 14.1%