The document discusses moving from traditional service-oriented architectures to nature-inspired self-aware pervasive service ecosystems. It outlines limitations of SOA and requirements of new systems, including spatial awareness, adaptivity, and decentralization. Various natural metaphors are considered as inspiration, including physical, chemical, biological, and social systems. No single metaphor meets all requirements. The SAPERE project aims to develop a new synthesis from existing metaphors through a reference architecture for nature-inspired pervasive service ecosystems.