its all about hypnotic sedative drugs, drug response curve, barbiturates & benzidiazepines

1. Name- Quazi Istiaque Bari
8th Batch
Course- Pharmacology-III
Khawaja Yunus Ali University
Presentation on
Sedative & Hypnotic Drugs

2. Outline
 Sedative drugs
 Hypnotic drugs
 Difference between Sedative & Hypnotic drugs
 Dose response curve
 Structure of Benzodiazepines
 Structure of Barbiturates
 Pharmacokinetics Of Sedative Hypnotic drugs

3. Sedative drugs
 Sedatives are those drugs that calms a patient & reduce anxiety without
producing sleep.
Examples-
1. Diazepam
2. Lorazepam Etc.
 They are central nervous depressants.

4. Hypnotic drugs
 A class of drugs produces drowsiness & facilitates the onset
and maintain of a state of sleep that resembles natural sleep.
 Example-
1. Barbiturate
2. Benzodiazepines
 Hypnotic drugs are regularly prescribed for insomnia and
other sleep disorders patients.

5. Difference between Sedative & Hypnotic drugs
Sedative drug Hypnotic drug
1) A drug that reduces
excitement, calms the
patient is called sedative
drug.
1) A drug which produces
sleep resembling natural
sleep is called hypnotic
drug.
2) Most sedatives in larger
doses produce hypnosis.
2) Hypnotics in higher doses
produce general anesthesia.
3) Site of action is on the
limbic system.
3) Site of action is on the
mid brain.
4) Slow acting drug. 4)Quicker onset.
5) Don’t produce sleep. 5) Produce sleep.

6. Dose response curve
 Dose response curve is the relationship between the size of dose of CNS
depressants and the extent of the response to it.
Drug A – Older drugs
• like alcohol &
barbiturates.
• Show high toxicity
Drug B- Newer Drug
• Like-
benzodiazepines
• Low toxicity & safe to
use
Fig- Dose-response curve (older vs newer
drugs)

7. Structure of Benzodiazepines
Diazepam LorazepamOxazepam

8. Structure of Barbiturates
Thiopental Pentobarbital Thiamylal

9. Pharmacokinetics Of Sedative
Hypnotic drugs
 Absorption : Rapidly absorbed after oral administration.
 Distribution : Lipid soluble, distributed throughout the body, can cross BBB
& placental barrier, may have effect on fetus.
 Metabolism : Metabolized in liver ( phase I ) & kidney ( phase II ) .
 Excretion : Excreted in/through urine.