The document discusses yellow journalism, a sensational form of news focused on entertainment rather than factual reporting, often relying on rumors and gossip to attract readers. It traces the history of yellow journalism to the 1833 penny press by Benjamin Day, which made news accessible to the working class and was characterized by catchy headlines and unbalanced reporting. In contrast, investigative journalism emphasizes factual reporting and accountability, catering to a more educated audience while promoting democratic participation.