The document outlines the scientific method, which involves 6 key steps: 1) asking a question, 2) conducting research, 3) forming a hypothesis, 4) performing an experiment, 5) analyzing data, and 6) drawing a conclusion. The scientific method is a process used to solve problems systematically using critical thinking and logic. It involves students investigating problems without predefined answers through experiments and analyzing results to either support or refute hypotheses. Benefits include students taking ownership of their learning process, while drawbacks include it being time-consuming and requiring experienced teachers.

1. ARCHA S R
SCIENTIFIC
METHOD

2. ❑ METHOD WHICH IS USED TO SOLVE PROBLEMS SCIENTIFICALLY.
❑“METHOD OF SCIENCE” OR “METHOD OF SCIENTIST”
❑DELIBERATE EFFORTS ARE NEEDED TO FACILITATE
❑MORE EFFECTIVE THAN TRADITIONAL TEACHING METHODS
WHAT IS SCIENTIFIC METHOD?

3. ❑ PROCESS OF FINDING OUT RESULTS BY ATTACKING A
PROBLEM IN DEFINITE STEPS.
❑ INVOLVES CRITICAL THINKING,LOGICAL
REASONING,SYSTEMATIC ORGANISATION AND
UNDERSTANDING AT EACH STEPS.
❑STUDENTS ARE INVOLVED IN INVESTIGATORY PROBLEMS
WHOSE SOLUTIONS ARE NOT AVAILABLE IN BOOKS.

4. STEPS OF SCIENTIFIC METHOD
◦THERE ARE 6 STEPS IN SCIENTIFIC METHOD;
1. QUESTION
2. RESEARCH
3. HYPOTHESIS
4. EXPERIMENT
5. DATA ANALYSIS
6. CONCLUSION

6. 1. QUESTION OR PURPOSE
❑IT STARTS WHEN YOU
ASK A QUESTION
ABOUT SOMETHING
THAT YOU OBSERVE

7. RESEARCH

8. 2. RESEARCH
❑CONDUCTING BACKGROUND RESEARCH ON THE QUESTION
❑LEARNER CAN USE;
1. LIBRARY
2.INTERNET
3.CHECKING REFERENCES
4.VIEWING ABSTRACTS
5.INTERVIEWING EXPERTS
❑THE MORE WE KNOW ABOUT THE SUBJECT, THE EASIER IT WILL BE
TO CONDUCT INVESTIGATION

10. 3.HYPOTHESIS
◦ THE ‘INTELLIGENT’ OR ‘EDUCATED’ GUESS.
◦ WRITTEN IN TERMS OF CAUSE AND EFFECT
◦ DESCRIBING RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TWO PHENOMENA
◦ REJECTING A HYPOTHESIS IS MORE USEFUL THAN ACCEPTING ONE.
◦ MUST BE EASY TO MEASURE

13. 4.EXPERIMENT
◦ TO TEST HYPOTHESIS
◦ SHOULD BE A FAIR TEST
◦ CHANGING ONE FACTOR AT A TIME
◦ SHOULD REPEAT THE EXPERIMENT TO MAKE SURE THE RESULTS
WEREN’T JUST AN ACCIDENT

15. 5.DATA ANALYSIS
◦ DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS IS TO DETERMINE WHETHER THE
HYPOTHESIS SUPPORT OR NOT
◦ IF IT IS NOT, ONE SHOULD GO BACK TO THE THIRD STAGE AND
CONSTRUCT A NEW HYPOTHESIS BASE ON THE RESULTS OF 4TH STAGE.
◦ PROCESS OF SCIENTIFIC METHOD BEGINS AGAIN.
◦ IF IT SUPPORTS, TEST IT AGAIN IN A NEW WAY.

16. ◦ RIGHT/WRONG; EITHER RESULT IS FINE.
◦ TESTING HYPOTHESIS AGAIN AND
AGAIN GIVE DIFFERENT RESULTS.
◦ COMMUNICATION OF RESULTS IS
NECESSARY.

17. COMMUNICATION

20. ADVANTAGES
◦ DO THEIR OWN LEARNING UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF THEIR TEACHER
◦ TO PROPOSE,FORMULATE AND STRUCTURE PROBLEMS
◦ TO COLLECT VARIED INFORMATION FROM DIFFEERENT SOURCES.
◦ COLLECT EVIDENCE TO PROVE OR DISPROVE IDENTIFIED HYPOTHESIS
◦ MORE CLOSELY FAMILIAR WITH APPLICATIONS AND RELATIONSHIPS
INSTEAD OF HAVING MERE KNOWLEDGE
◦ LEARN TO SOLVE EVERYDAY PROBLEMS

22. DISADVANTAGES
◦ VERY SLOW, LONG, AND TIME CONSUMING
◦ TOO MUCH EMPHASIS ON PRACTICAL WORK
◦ TEACHERS HAVE NOT PRACTICED TEACHING IN
THIS METHOD
◦ ALL STUDENTS ARE NOT CAPABLE