This presentation is made by students of ACPCE - Anamika Mishra, Kirti Karawde, Prathamesh Mahadik, and Ritik Kale.
This presentation introduces the concept of financial literacy to the young generation. It also gives tips on how to go from financially crippled to financially able.
This presentation is made by students of ACPCE - Anamika Mishra, Kirti Karawde, Prathamesh Mahadik, and Ritik Kale.
This presentation introduces the concept of financial literacy to the young generation. It also gives tips on how to go from financially crippled to financially able.
Savings Survey - Imact of Teach Children To Save Summit Laja Shoniran
The Impact of Teach Children To Save Summit and The Use of Ant Bank to Encourage Savings Among Children and Youths
(Combining Savings and Financial Literacy for Poverty Reduction)
The Minister of Finance produced a aloe plant at the start of his speech and warned South Africans that its medicinal powers come with a bitter and a sweet taste.
What motivates you to contribute to your RRSP or
TFSA?
Investment experts agree: An RRSP is the best retirement savings strategy for most Canadians
TFSAs are an excellent and flexible way to save
Why Retirement plan ( Things to remember while planning for retirement )Singharoy Investment
Retirement is the time when you would like to spend your days doing what you love — travel, live in the farm house, start a poultry farm, restaurant etc. However, I have come across many people who are not very comfortable about retirement thinking that their regular income will then become irregular.
Retirement is the time when you would like to spend your days doing what you love — travel, live in the farm house, start a poultry farm, restaurant etc. However, I have come across many people who are not very comfortable about retirement thinking that their regular income will then become irregular.
Starting early helps save more
It's good if you start planning your finances early – your financial commitments are likely to be fewer, and hence you can salt away more. Planning at the early years of your career also helps compound the corpus many times by the time you retire.
Things to remember while planning for retirement
1: Decide how much income you require to live comfortably in your post-retirement years. Consider aspects like increased medical costs, vacations but reduce costs like children's education and rent, if you own your home. You must map this income on basis of your current lifestyle.
2: Determine how much you need to save regularly, starting today, to have the right amount. Start allocating as much as you can towards your retirement kitty. In case you are currently not in a position to set apart the funds required, start with whatever is at your disposal.
3: Select the right retirement plan, which will help you meet your post-retirement requirements.
4: Start saving now! Then you will have time on your side and can enjoy the power of compounding.
5: Systematically invest a fixed amount every month for your post-retirement years and lead a tension free healthy retirement.
Not only is retirement planning an essential aspect of one's overall financial planning exercise but is also crucial to be commenced early in life. One must always remember that systematic and early retirement planning can help you reduce your financial burden incurred during the post retirement years and help you plan for a carefree and financially secured post retirement life today.
Whether retirement is many years away or just around the corner we help you plan for the future you want. The earlier you start planning the easier it will be to create the lifestyle you would like.
IBB Wealth has created a guide on planning your retirement.
IBB Wealth are financial advisors who specialise in wealth management for all stages of your life.
We are based in Uxbridge, West London but support clients in Surrey, Buckinghamshire and all surrounding areas.
For advice on retirement planning please visit: http://ibbwealth.co.uk/index.html
IBB Wealth
Capital Court
30 Windsor Street
Uxbridge
UB8 1AB
t: 01895 544 001 / e: info@ibbwealth.co.uk
Savings Survey - Imact of Teach Children To Save Summit Laja Shoniran
The Impact of Teach Children To Save Summit and The Use of Ant Bank to Encourage Savings Among Children and Youths
(Combining Savings and Financial Literacy for Poverty Reduction)
The Minister of Finance produced a aloe plant at the start of his speech and warned South Africans that its medicinal powers come with a bitter and a sweet taste.
What motivates you to contribute to your RRSP or
TFSA?
Investment experts agree: An RRSP is the best retirement savings strategy for most Canadians
TFSAs are an excellent and flexible way to save
Why Retirement plan ( Things to remember while planning for retirement )Singharoy Investment
Retirement is the time when you would like to spend your days doing what you love — travel, live in the farm house, start a poultry farm, restaurant etc. However, I have come across many people who are not very comfortable about retirement thinking that their regular income will then become irregular.
Retirement is the time when you would like to spend your days doing what you love — travel, live in the farm house, start a poultry farm, restaurant etc. However, I have come across many people who are not very comfortable about retirement thinking that their regular income will then become irregular.
Starting early helps save more
It's good if you start planning your finances early – your financial commitments are likely to be fewer, and hence you can salt away more. Planning at the early years of your career also helps compound the corpus many times by the time you retire.
Things to remember while planning for retirement
1: Decide how much income you require to live comfortably in your post-retirement years. Consider aspects like increased medical costs, vacations but reduce costs like children's education and rent, if you own your home. You must map this income on basis of your current lifestyle.
2: Determine how much you need to save regularly, starting today, to have the right amount. Start allocating as much as you can towards your retirement kitty. In case you are currently not in a position to set apart the funds required, start with whatever is at your disposal.
3: Select the right retirement plan, which will help you meet your post-retirement requirements.
4: Start saving now! Then you will have time on your side and can enjoy the power of compounding.
5: Systematically invest a fixed amount every month for your post-retirement years and lead a tension free healthy retirement.
Not only is retirement planning an essential aspect of one's overall financial planning exercise but is also crucial to be commenced early in life. One must always remember that systematic and early retirement planning can help you reduce your financial burden incurred during the post retirement years and help you plan for a carefree and financially secured post retirement life today.
Whether retirement is many years away or just around the corner we help you plan for the future you want. The earlier you start planning the easier it will be to create the lifestyle you would like.
IBB Wealth has created a guide on planning your retirement.
IBB Wealth are financial advisors who specialise in wealth management for all stages of your life.
We are based in Uxbridge, West London but support clients in Surrey, Buckinghamshire and all surrounding areas.
For advice on retirement planning please visit: http://ibbwealth.co.uk/index.html
IBB Wealth
Capital Court
30 Windsor Street
Uxbridge
UB8 1AB
t: 01895 544 001 / e: info@ibbwealth.co.uk
Saving for retirement can be challenging when your paycheques just barely cover your day-to-day expenses. But it can be done with proper planning and starting early. These tips can help.
Women live 5 years longer, on average, than men. Planning your own retirement is crucial to living the life you want to live.... the way you want to live it. Call us, let's talk.
Provide some guides on how to prepare for retirement based on personal experience.Preparation for retirement has to start early. A small saving done earlier will accumulate over the years. Thanks for the compounding interest.
This set of slides are designed for test item constructors/teachers. The slides focus on using authentic materials in item construction, and how to use mobile learning/teaching application (SOCRATIVE) to administer the test items.
17 Retirement and Estate PlanningYOU MUST BE KIDDING, RIGHT.docxherminaprocter
17 Retirement and Estate Planning
YOU MUST BE KIDDING, RIGHT?
Rachel Jones is 27 years old, and she recently took a new job. Rachel had accumulated $6000 in her previous employer's 401(k) retirement plan, and she withdrew it to help pay for her wedding. How much less money will Rachel have at retirement at age 67 if she could have earned 8 percent on the $6000?
A. $6000
B. $24,000
C. $96,000
D. $130,000
The answer is D. Spending retirement money for discretionary purposes, instead of keeping it in a tax-deferred account where it can compound for many years, is unwise. The lesson is to keep your retirement money where it belongs!
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
After reading this chapter, you should be able to:
Estimate your Social Security retirement income benefit.
Calculate the amount you must save for retirement in today's dollars.
Distinguish among the types of employersponsored tax-sheltered retirement plans.
Explain the various types of personally established tax-sheltered retirement accounts.
Describe how to avoid penalties and make your retirement money last.
Plan for the distribution of your estate and, if needed, use trusts to lower estate taxes.
WHAT DO YOU RECOMMEND?
Juliana Pérez Rodríguez, age 48, worked for a previous employer for eight years. When she left that job, Juliana left her retirement money in that employer's definedcontribution plan. It is now worth $120,000. After getting divorced and remarried four years ago, she has been working as an assistant food services manager for a convention center in Chicago, earning $70,000 per year. Juliana contributes $233 each month (4 percent of her salary) to her account in her employer's 401(k) retirement plan. Her employer provides a 100 percent match for the first 4 percent of Juliana's salary contributions. Company rules allow her to contribute a total of 8 percent on her own. Juliana's 401(k) account balance at her new employer is $21,000. Her husband Fernando, with whom she shares the same birthday, is a computer programmer working on contract for various companies and earns about $90,000 annually. When Juliana returned from a vacation with her husband, she found that her father had suffered a serious stroke. Despite undergoing physical therapy, he is now in a nursing home and likely will be there the rest of his life. Juliana is hoping that she and Fernando can retire when they both are age 65.
What do you recommend to Juliana and Fernando on the subject of retirement and estate planning regarding:
1.How much in Social Security benefits can each expect to receive?
2.How much do they each need to save for retirement if they want to spend at a lifestyle of 80 percent of their current living expenses?
3.In which types of retirement plans might Fernando invest for retirement?
4.What withdrawal rate might they use to avoid running out of money during retirement?
5.What three types of actions might they take to go about transferring their assets by contract to avoid probate?
YOUR NEXT .
17 Retirement and Estate PlanningYOU MUST BE KIDDING, RIGHT.docxaulasnilda
17 Retirement and Estate Planning
YOU MUST BE KIDDING, RIGHT?
Rachel Jones is 27 years old, and she recently took a new job. Rachel had accumulated $6000 in her previous employer's 401(k) retirement plan, and she withdrew it to help pay for her wedding. How much less money will Rachel have at retirement at age 67 if she could have earned 8 percent on the $6000?
A. $6000
B. $24,000
C. $96,000
D. $130,000
The answer is D. Spending retirement money for discretionary purposes, instead of keeping it in a tax-deferred account where it can compound for many years, is unwise. The lesson is to keep your retirement money where it belongs!
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
After reading this chapter, you should be able to:
Estimate your Social Security retirement income benefit.
Calculate the amount you must save for retirement in today's dollars.
Distinguish among the types of employersponsored tax-sheltered retirement plans.
Explain the various types of personally established tax-sheltered retirement accounts.
Describe how to avoid penalties and make your retirement money last.
Plan for the distribution of your estate and, if needed, use trusts to lower estate taxes.
WHAT DO YOU RECOMMEND?
Juliana Pérez Rodríguez, age 48, worked for a previous employer for eight years. When she left that job, Juliana left her retirement money in that employer's definedcontribution plan. It is now worth $120,000. After getting divorced and remarried four years ago, she has been working as an assistant food services manager for a convention center in Chicago, earning $70,000 per year. Juliana contributes $233 each month (4 percent of her salary) to her account in her employer's 401(k) retirement plan. Her employer provides a 100 percent match for the first 4 percent of Juliana's salary contributions. Company rules allow her to contribute a total of 8 percent on her own. Juliana's 401(k) account balance at her new employer is $21,000. Her husband Fernando, with whom she shares the same birthday, is a computer programmer working on contract for various companies and earns about $90,000 annually. When Juliana returned from a vacation with her husband, she found that her father had suffered a serious stroke. Despite undergoing physical therapy, he is now in a nursing home and likely will be there the rest of his life. Juliana is hoping that she and Fernando can retire when they both are age 65.
What do you recommend to Juliana and Fernando on the subject of retirement and estate planning regarding:
1.How much in Social Security benefits can each expect to receive?
2.How much do they each need to save for retirement if they want to spend at a lifestyle of 80 percent of their current living expenses?
3.In which types of retirement plans might Fernando invest for retirement?
4.What withdrawal rate might they use to avoid running out of money during retirement?
5.What three types of actions might they take to go about transferring their assets by contract to avoid probate?
YOUR NEXT ...
Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Saeid Safari
Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists like Ozempic and Semiglutide
ASA GUIDELINE
NYSORA Guideline
2 Case Reports of Gastric Ultrasound
Ethanol (CH3CH2OH), or beverage alcohol, is a two-carbon alcohol
that is rapidly distributed in the body and brain. Ethanol alters many
neurochemical systems and has rewarding and addictive properties. It
is the oldest recreational drug and likely contributes to more morbidity,
mortality, and public health costs than all illicit drugs combined. The
5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
(DSM-5) integrates alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence into a single
disorder called alcohol use disorder (AUD), with mild, moderate,
and severe subclassifications (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
In the DSM-5, all types of substance abuse and dependence have been
combined into a single substance use disorder (SUD) on a continuum
from mild to severe. A diagnosis of AUD requires that at least two of
the 11 DSM-5 behaviors be present within a 12-month period (mild
AUD: 2–3 criteria; moderate AUD: 4–5 criteria; severe AUD: 6–11 criteria).
The four main behavioral effects of AUD are impaired control over
drinking, negative social consequences, risky use, and altered physiological
effects (tolerance, withdrawal). This chapter presents an overview
of the prevalence and harmful consequences of AUD in the U.S.,
the systemic nature of the disease, neurocircuitry and stages of AUD,
comorbidities, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, genetic risk factors, and
pharmacotherapies for AUD.
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We specializes in exporting high quality Research chemical, medical intermediate, Pharmaceutical chemicals and so on. Products are exported to USA, Canada, France, Korea, Japan,Russia, Southeast Asia and other countries.
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar leads (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
New Directions in Targeted Therapeutic Approaches for Older Adults With Mantl...i3 Health
i3 Health is pleased to make the speaker slides from this activity available for use as a non-accredited self-study or teaching resource.
This slide deck presented by Dr. Kami Maddocks, Professor-Clinical in the Division of Hematology and
Associate Division Director for Ambulatory Operations
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, will provide insight into new directions in targeted therapeutic approaches for older adults with mantle cell lymphoma.
STATEMENT OF NEED
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare, aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) accounting for 5% to 7% of all lymphomas. Its prognosis ranges from indolent disease that does not require treatment for years to very aggressive disease, which is associated with poor survival (Silkenstedt et al, 2021). Typically, MCL is diagnosed at advanced stage and in older patients who cannot tolerate intensive therapy (NCCN, 2022). Although recent advances have slightly increased remission rates, recurrence and relapse remain very common, leading to a median overall survival between 3 and 6 years (LLS, 2021). Though there are several effective options, progress is still needed towards establishing an accepted frontline approach for MCL (Castellino et al, 2022). Treatment selection and management of MCL are complicated by the heterogeneity of prognosis, advanced age and comorbidities of patients, and lack of an established standard approach for treatment, making it vital that clinicians be familiar with the latest research and advances in this area. In this activity chaired by Michael Wang, MD, Professor in the Department of Lymphoma & Myeloma at MD Anderson Cancer Center, expert faculty will discuss prognostic factors informing treatment, the promising results of recent trials in new therapeutic approaches, and the implications of treatment resistance in therapeutic selection for MCL.
Target Audience
Hematology/oncology fellows, attending faculty, and other health care professionals involved in the treatment of patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).
Learning Objectives
1.) Identify clinical and biological prognostic factors that can guide treatment decision making for older adults with MCL
2.) Evaluate emerging data on targeted therapeutic approaches for treatment-naive and relapsed/refractory MCL and their applicability to older adults
3.) Assess mechanisms of resistance to targeted therapies for MCL and their implications for treatment selection
2. PRESENTED
BY
NUR ATTAH B. KASHIM
ON 17TH JANUARY, 2019
DEPARTMENT OF NURSING, CONTINUING
EDUCATION MONTHLY PRESENTATION
FEDERAL MEDICAL CENTRE, BIRNIN KEBBI
3. CLOSING PRAYER
Oh God of creation,
Direct our noble cause
Guide our leaders right
Help our youths the truth to
know In love and honesty
to grow
And living just and true
Great lofty heights attain
To build a nation where peace
And justice shall reign.
4. INTRODUCTION
• In most developing countries and Nigeria in
particular,government restrict working age of public
civil servants to prevent an ageing labour force by
allowing entrants of young and able bodied to
labour for increasing efficiency and productivity.
5. This has become so necessary because as a worker
become older his marginal physical productivity of labour
[MPPL] will decline. Thus retaining such a worker in
employment at this point will amount to running the
organisation at a lost.
That is why in Nigeria statutory working age in the public
service is fixed at sixty [60] years or thirty five [35] years
of unbroken active working service before retirement.
9. • The period of a person’s life during
which he/she is no longer working.
• A point where a person stops
employment completely.
10. contd
• Retirement is the withdrawal or giving up office work.
Decree no 43 of the public service rule [1990] defines
retirement as a final journey of a successful public
servant,entitles to pension and gratuity.
Retirement could be voluntory,compulsory and mandatory.
11. Retirement and the term “financial independence” are
often used interchangeably. Both are achieved when you
have enough savings, investment income, and/or pension
income to cover your living expenses, and so you no
longer have to work to earn income.
14. The answer is simple; as soon as you can. Ideally, you
should start saving in your 20s. This is because the
sooner you begin saving, the more time your money has
to grow. Each year's gain can generate their own gain the
next year. A powerful wealth-building phenomenon
known as compounding.
19. The popular avenue of saving for retirement in Nigeria
today is through contributing pension scheme. In scheme
the employer contributes a certain percentage of your salary
and the employee also contributes the same Fix deposit
accounts
20. percentage from the day you are employed to your
retirement day.
Other schemes are
Investment
Endwell programmes
22. Yes. Investment is better started some years to your retirement. This will give you
the room for dealing with the challenge of investment.
Area to look into are:
• Landed properties e.g. houses, lands.
• Agriculture e.g. poultry, fishery.
• Pure water
• Block making
• Buying of shares
24. “Don’t put your eggs in one basket”
A person heavily involved in just one
type investment is more vulnerable to
financial problems if the market
associated with that investment falls
26. Unfortunately and probably not. You should definitely
factor in other sources of income in retirement. Your
personal saving will have to generate enough income
to cover the shortfall of monthly pensions.
27. BENEFITS
• The benefit of one's 35years in service is
three years of basic salary+housing+transport
and meal subsidy allowance will be paid as
gratuity,but depends on the organisation or
ministry one is working with,while pension is
80% of the terminal salary+housing+transport
and meal subsidy allowance is supposed to
be paid to the retiree as pension.
29. Try to divert as much of your earning into savings as
you can. If you don’t have a budget, CREATE ONE.
If you have a budget, revise it to reflect your
essential needs. Chip away at wasteful habits.
30. If you are still young and you can’t save enough right now, don’t
be discouraged. Your income will probably grow as you progress
in your career, allowing you to save more. You might also have
other opportunities to boost your saving rate, for example, a bonus
or inheritance can make a big difference in your long-term
prospects if you invest some of the money in retirement accounts.
32. If you find yourself running short of time-say you are in your 40s or
even 50s and you have not gotten started yet; i.e. retirement savings.
There are still a few things you can do.
• Maximize your contribution to retirement serving.
• Stop wasteful expenditures.
• Start investment immediately.
34. Saving up for years makes 70-90 percent of your old
salary annually. You have to plant a seed to grow a tree,
and when it comes to saving for retirement, it can be
difficult to have the discipline necessary to pay today in
order to benefit tomorrow. When you retire sound, YOU
and your FAMILY are happy. Have a saving mind set for
tomorrow.
35. WHY HAS SOME NURSES HAVE A
NEGATIVE ATTITUDE TOWARDS
RETIREMENT?
• He/she may have a lot of social and economic
responsibilities to solve
• He/she is aware that his/her entitlements will not be paid
immediately,some time its over a yar to do so.
• He/she may not have a house anywhere on their own.etc
36. HOW TO CHANGE THIS NEGATIVE
ATTITUDE
• By preparing early enough financially and most
importantly psychologically to face the new life of
retirement
• To plan ahead for more judicious and purposeful
utilization of the retirement benefits
• To organise a workshop counsling for the retiring nurses
• To plan on how to use one's time after retirement by
visiting counselors at will,so that life will not be too dull.
37. RECOMMENDATION
• Acquaint ourself with the current retirement regulation
• We need to get married early
• We need to cultivate thrift habit by joining union
cooperative thrift and credit society
• We need to plan childbirth so that a last child of the family
would be well trained while parents still in service
38. CONTD
• The many opportunitues open to us towards house
ownership
• Essential documents should be well preserve as they may
be necessary later in computing one's retirement benefits.
39. CONCLUSION
• Disengagement from service is a normal thing and no
needs to be afraid of it.Early preparation entails advance
planning ,resultant minimization of errors.To avoid post
retirement maladjustment syndrome and sometime
premature death.
• We can learn from the ant that have no captin,overseer or
ruler provide her supplies in the summer and gather her
food during the harvest.
40. When one mention retirement,it is like a death
sentence to a lot of civil servants,many are afraid
of it. To one who has adequately prepared the
mention of it brings joy and comfort to him/her
because he has adequate prepared through
investments for their retirement.
41. Retirment in the life of a civil servants is sure and
certain,life as a whole is a stage we are born in to it,we
play our path,take a bow and the depart and the curtain
is drawn and life is no more .Although retirement is as
certain as death buth as certain as death is,very few
people even talk about it and fewer prepare for it.
44. REFERENCES
• Abdullahi A.U [2002],planning for retirement.Abuja;Bank
of the North news letter's [4] 4,january-march
• Adesina S.[1981], some basic function of
management,University of Ilorin institute of Education
publication series [1],1
• Agada E.A [2006], skilled training for effective
retirement;Government role;Ankpa ,,women in colleges of
education publication
• Balogun,A.[2006] understanding the new pension reform
Act 2004 A paper presented at the certified institute of
nigeria's membership compulsory contineous professional