Satyam Computer Services Ltd was an Indian IT company founded in 1987 that grew to become one of India's largest IT companies. However, in 2008 it was revealed that the company's accounts had been inflated through fraudulent activities by its founder Ramalinga Raju. Raju confessed to inflating cash balances, understating liabilities and overstating debtors to the tune of $1 billion. Several people including the CFO and other executives were involved in manipulating the accounts for many years. The company had to be acquired by Tech Mahindra after the scandal broke to restore confidence in the company.

1. Satyam Analysis...

2. Satyam Computer Services Ltd was founded in 1987 by B.Ramalinga Raju . The company offers information technology (IT) services spanning various sectors, and is listed on NSE, BSE, the New York Stock Exchange and Euronext . Few milestones: 1987 Incorporated as private limited company in 1987 1991 Recognized as a public limited company; debuts on the Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE) IPO oversubscribed by 17 times 1993 Satyam signs joint venture with Dun & Bradstreet for IT Services Joint venture with GE announced About Satyam

3. 1999 Satyam Infoway (Sify) becomes the first Indian Internet company listed on NASDAQ Satyam forms joint venture with TRW Inc. Presence established in 30 countries 2007 Becomes the Official IT Services Provider for the FIFA World Cups, 2010 (South Africa) and 2014 (Brazil) Announces acquisition of UK-based Nitor Global Solutions Limited Becomes the first Asian company to feature in the Training Magazine’s list of Top 125 companies for learning Milestones

4. 2008 Satyam Scandal…. Cooking books of accounts

5. Ramalinga Raju , chairman “ None of the board members, past or present, had any knowledge of the situation in which the company is placed .” I INFLATED (non existent) cash and bank balance of Rs 5,040 crore(as against Rs 5,361 crore) reflected in the books. AN accrued interest of Rs 376 crore is non-existent. I HAVE understated liability to the tune of Rs1,230 crore in accounts of funds arranged by me. I HAVE over-stated debtors position of Rs 490 crore (as against Rs 2,651 crore reflected in the books.) FOR sept 2008, we reported Rs2,700 crore revenue and operating margin of Rs 649 crore against actual revenue of Rs2,112 crore and margin of Rs 61 crore. From the confession

6. Vadalamani Srinivas, CFO “ I was asked specifically to not look into bank statement” AUDITOR never pointed out any “deficiencies” during their discussions. Fixed deposits were unreal and fictitious which were managed with an understanding between the audit section and management. BANK deposit were handled directly by Raju and the CFO was specially asked for “not to look into it” “ RAJU and his brother used to take decisions and tell us to do as instructed.” THE CFO admitted that the account were manipulated for about seven years. PRIOR to quarterly board meetings, Ramakrishna, VP,finance,would prepare the balance sheet. ”I do not pay much attention to the details of that balance sheet.” From the confession

7. Scenario I Forgery inc The scam team forged invoices to show collection of revenue abroad, forged bank statement to show inflow of money, showed transfer of money to fixed deposits (FDs) through forged FD receipts and reflected all this in the final accounts. The assets and liabilities are altered Q2Q to reflect rising income and rig share price. CAVEAT This would require matching of revenue With staff strength and salary cost. Would also require forging of TDS certificates for income from FDs. POSSIBILITY High, as there is logic and objective. Story behind the scam

8. Next Scenario II True Lies Satyam did make money on export. Raju raised invoices for export abroad; money did come through the banking channels and was transferred to long term FDs and reflected in the books. Once the FDs were recorded in the books the deposits were dissolved and money transferred to multiple accounts. The books continued to reflect the FDs as you don’t need to surrender certificate anymore. Siphoned money was use to acquire land, property, pay for political patronage for Maytas Infra and Maytas properties. CAVEAT This again require forging of TDS certificates for accrued interest and connivance of auditors. POSSIBILITY Very high

9. Extreme Scenario III Hawala Inc Raju receives political slush money abroad, brings it as invoiced billings, shows it in his book and transfers it to FDs to be dissolved latter.The money transferred to multiple accounts is siphoned to repatriate politicians’ money and for funding the activities of Maytas. CAVEAT Have to show staff strength to match revenues or ramp up operating margins. Besides co-opting auditors and forging TDS certificates. POSSIBILITY Very very high, is in sync with whispers of pressure to pay politicians and patronage.

10. Balance sheet of Satyam computer ltd. 2. Loan Funds a. secured loans b. unsecured loans ____________________ 30.49 234.80 ______ 8794.98 _______ 30.49 1464.80 _______ 1217.28 _______ 1230.00 _______ 1230.00 ________

11. APPLICATION OF FUNDS AS ON 30.09.08 ADJUSTED BALANCE SHEET ADJUSTMENTS Fixed assests Investments Tax Current assests a. sundry debtors b. cash c. accrued interest d. Loans LIABITIES Net current assests TOTAL APPLICATION OF FUNDS 1381.10 618.64 118.75 2651.36 5312.62 376.34 502.22 2166.05 6676.49 _______ 8794.98 1381.10 618.64 118.75 490.00 272.62 - 502.22 2166.05 901.21 _________ 1217.28 1381.10 618.64 118.75 2161.36 5040 376.34 - - 5775.21 (difference) ________ 7577.7

12. Where is the money???

13. 1) If the company claims it has cash in its hand that should be enough signal for the auditors to check whether the cash in hand is available or not. 2) Bank balance has been invested properly or not-where all it has been invested –MFs,etc. 3) Whether the internal control mechanisms are in place. 4) Scrutinizes if the company has huge creditors and balance at the same time. 5) Look into why the company is not taking benefits and negotiating the price. ? Questions to the auditors

14. cont…… 6) Are the profit margin abnormal compare to industry norms? 7) Check if there has been a quantum jump in wealth. 8) Carry out an overall ratio analysis of the figures in the organization, previous year, similar industry. 9) Physical verification of assets owned by the company. ?

15. Deepak S. Parekh Executive Chairman HDFC group Kiran Karnik president of Nasscom C. Achuthan former presiding officer of the Securities Appellate Tribunal Tarun Das Former president CII T.N. Manoharan S.B. Mainak Post scandal New board of director formation by company low board and Ministry of company affaires

16. Spice group Tech Mahindra Hinduja group L&T GE Bidders for Acquisition

17. Finally Satyam acquired by tech mahindra….

18. Presented by G-8 Biswajit Chakraborty . Biplab karmakar. Radhakanta Sarkar. Joy Rakshit. Sandipan Saha. Sandip Singh. Subhratanu Maitra. DEWAN V.S INSTITUTE OF MARKETING MANAGEMENT...

19. Thank you