Sattelite communication
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This document provides an overview of satellite communication, including what satellites are, how satellite communication works, types of satellites, satellite orbits, and applications. It discusses that a satellite communication system consists of a transponder in the satellite that receives and retransmits signals, ground control stations, and earth stations. It classifies satellites as active, which have onboard processing equipment, or passive. Common satellite orbits discussed are polar, elliptical, and geostationary. Real-life applications mentioned include weather monitoring, earth observation, navigation, broadcasting, tracking, mobile communications, and internet access.
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This document discusses satellite communication systems. It begins with an introduction describing satellites and their components. It then describes the principles of satellite communication, including how they function as repeater stations in space to extend the range of radio signals beyond line-of-sight limits. The key components of satellite systems are the space segment, consisting of satellites in orbit, and the ground segment, including earth stations. Various types of satellite orbits and applications are also outlined, such as global mobile communication, military uses, and navigation. The document concludes with references on satellite channel impairments and modeling.
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Satellite communication has advanced significantly over time. Early satellites operated passively, simply bouncing signals back to Earth, but active communication satellites soon relayed signals between ground stations. Commercial satellite systems like Intelsat and Inmarsat launched in the 1960s-70s, providing thousands of voice circuits and global coverage. Recent trends include frequency reuse, multiple spot beams from each satellite, laser communication, and networks of small satellites in low Earth orbit. Satellite communication now plays a vital role in broadcasting, weather monitoring, and connecting the global village.
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There are several types of satellites used for communication, including low earth orbit (LEO), medium earth orbit (MEO), and geostationary earth orbit (GEO) satellites. GEOs orbit at an altitude of about 23,000 miles above the equator, allowing them to remain stationary and provide coverage to wide areas of the earth. Early communication satellites experimented with bouncing signals off the moon, while later satellites like Telstar and Syncom 2 allowed for live transmissions. Modern satellites use techniques like reaction wheel stabilization, solar power, and antenna arrays that can direct multiple beams to support growing satellite communication networks.
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Satellite communication systems allow signals to be transmitted and received via satellites orbiting Earth. Key elements include the space segment consisting of satellites and the ground segment of earth stations. Satellites transmit signals in various frequency bands. Applications include internet access, environmental monitoring, disaster management, television and radio broadcasting, broadband internet, and military communications. While satellites provide global coverage, disadvantages include high capital costs and signal propagation delays. Satellite technology is crucial for many areas of modern society and communications.
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This document discusses satellite communication systems. It provides details on the components of satellites, including antennas, solar panels, batteries, radio transmitters and receivers, rocket motors and fuel, and cameras. It describes the space and ground segments of satellite systems. The space segment consists of the satellite itself, while the ground segment consists of earth stations that transmit and receive signals. It discusses different types of antennas used in satellites, including wire, horn, array, and reflector antennas. It also covers the different frequency bands, satellite orbits including low earth orbit, geostationary orbit, and medium earth orbit, and the uplink and downlink frequencies used in different bands.
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The document discusses various types of satellites and their applications. It describes communications satellites that enable broadband internet, direct broadcasting, and fixed satellite services. It also covers earth observation satellites used for environmental monitoring, agriculture, forestry, geology, and risk management. These satellites observe the Earth's surface and collect data on topics like climate, natural resources, and natural disasters. Finally, the document lists reconnaissance satellites, astronomical satellites, weather satellites, and navigation satellites as other major categories of satellites and their purposes.
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This document discusses the history and types of satellites and their orbits. It notes that the first satellite, Sputnik, was launched by Russia in 1957. India's first satellite, Aryabhatta, was launched in 1975. There are three main types of orbits for satellites: low Earth orbit (LEO) with a period of 1.5 hours, medium Earth orbit (MEO) taking 6 hours, and geostationary Earth orbit (GEO) requiring 24 hours to complete one revolution.
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This document discusses satellite communication systems. It begins with an introduction describing satellites and their components. It then describes the principles of satellite communication, including how they function as repeater stations in space to extend the range of radio signals beyond line-of-sight limits. The key components of satellite systems are the space segment, consisting of satellites in orbit, and the ground segment, including earth stations. Various types of satellite orbits and applications are also outlined, such as global mobile communication, military uses, and navigation. The document concludes with references on satellite channel impairments and modeling.
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There are several types of satellites used for communication, including low earth orbit (LEO), medium earth orbit (MEO), and geostationary earth orbit (GEO) satellites. GEOs orbit at an altitude of about 23,000 miles above the equator, allowing them to remain stationary and provide coverage to wide areas of the earth. Early communication satellites experimented with bouncing signals off the moon, while later satellites like Telstar and Syncom 2 allowed for live transmissions. Modern satellites use techniques like reaction wheel stabilization, solar power, and antenna arrays that can direct multiple beams to support growing satellite communication networks.
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This document discusses satellite communication systems. It provides details on the components of satellites, including antennas, solar panels, batteries, radio transmitters and receivers, rocket motors and fuel, and cameras. It describes the space and ground segments of satellite systems. The space segment consists of the satellite itself, while the ground segment consists of earth stations that transmit and receive signals. It discusses different types of antennas used in satellites, including wire, horn, array, and reflector antennas. It also covers the different frequency bands, satellite orbits including low earth orbit, geostationary orbit, and medium earth orbit, and the uplink and downlink frequencies used in different bands.
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Satellite communications systems exist because radio waves travel in straight lines, requiring a repeater in space to convey signals over long distances. The document provides an overview of satellite communication systems, including different types of satellite orbits like geostationary and low earth orbits. It also covers key components of satellite systems like the space segment containing satellites, the ground segment containing earth stations, and the control segment for monitoring satellites. Link budgets are used to calculate the carrier-to-noise ratio in satellite links based on factors like transmitted power, gains, losses, and noise power.
Satellite system links
1) A satellite communication system consists of a communication satellite in orbit that receives and amplifies signals and redirects them, a ground-based control station, and earth stations for transmission and reception.
2) Satellites receive signals from earth stations, amplify and translate frequencies, and broadcast to other earth stations. Signals travel from an earth station to the satellite and back to another earth station.
3) Satellite transponders act as repeaters with receivers and transmitters, picking up signals from earth, amplifying them, translating frequencies, and retransmitting to earth.
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A satellite is a moon, planet or machine that orbits a planet or star. For example, Earth is a satellite .
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1. How satellite communication works by transmitting signals between Earth-based stations and satellites.
2. The components involved including the uplink from Earth to satellite and downlink from satellite to Earth.
3. Technical aspects like frequency bands, conversions, and satellite positioning in geostationary orbit.
4. Applications of satellite communication including broadcasting, internet access, and GPS navigation.
Sattelite communication
This document summarizes key information about satellite communication. It begins by listing the group members and then defines what a satellite and communication are. It states that a communications satellite relays radio signals between transmitters and receivers on Earth via a transponder. It notes some key early satellites like Sputnik 1 and the parts of a typical satellite. The document outlines that satellites orbit due to gravity and provides details on the size, locations, and numbers of communication satellites operated by different countries. It concludes by mentioning Pakistan's communications satellites.
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Satellite communications
This document provides an overview of satellite communications. It defines a satellite as a smaller object that revolves around a larger object in space. Satellite communication involves transmitting electromagnetic waves between ground stations and satellites to carry information such as voice, audio, video or data. The document describes how satellites work, the different types of satellites including passive and active satellites, and the key elements and services of satellite communication systems. It also discusses the various orbits that satellites can operate in, as well as applications and advantages/disadvantages of satellite communication.
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Sattelite communication
- 1. Satellite Communication Presented By- Md. Masud Rana Id. 163015013 Green University of Bangladesh
- 2. Contents: What isSatellite? AboutSatelliteCommunication Classificationof Satellite Communication Satellite Orbit Advantage-Disadvantage &Real-life Application
- 3. A satellite system consistsof: A transponder ( aradio repeater in the sky) A ground-based station to control itsoperation A user network of earth stations that provide the facilities for transmission What is Satellite
- 4. Path of satellite signal from earth transmitter tosatellite receiver. Thefrequency signalbeing transmitted from the earth station to the satellite. C-band =6GHz Path of the satellite signal from thesatellite transmitter to the receiver onearth. Itoccurred when the retransmitted signal from the satelliteto the receiving stations. C-band =4GHz Uplink Downlink About Satellite Communication
- 5. Fig-1 : Satellite Communication System About Satellite Communication
- 6. ACTIVE SATELLITES PASSIVE SATELLITES SATELLITE Classifications:
- 7. ActiveSatellite: Active satellites are complicated structures having a processing equipment called Transponder which is very vital for functioning of the satellite. These transponders serve dual purpose i.e. provides amplification of the incoming signal and performs the frequency translation of the incoming signal to avoid interference between the two signals.
- 8. PassiveSatellite Passive satellites are relay stations in space. A passive satellite can be further subdivided into two types, namely Natural satellites and artificial satellites.
- 9. PolarOrbit Elliptically Inclined OrbitEccentric Orbits Circular EquatorialOrbitGeostationary Orbits Satellite Orbit
- 10. North-southorbit Used for navigation, weather satellites, meteorological and land resourcesatellitesystem. Not used fortelecommunication purposes. Polar Orbit
- 11. Used for Russiandomestic systems, withinclanation of 63 𝑜 and a 12hour orbit period but onlyvisiblefor8hours. Fora continuouscoverage ina day, 3satellites areneed. Elliptically Inclined Orbit
- 12. Also known as geosynchronous orbit. The satellites are at height of about 35800km, has 24 hour orbit period and angular speed that equal to the rotational speed of the earth.(itwillbecome stationary) 3 satellites are used to cover up the whole surface of the earth because a satellite can only be visible to 1/3of the earth surface. Circular Equatorial Orbit
- 13. Computer-controlled tracking of the satellite can be minimized when the satellite remain almost stationary with the earth station. A geosynchronous satellite is permanently in view which mean there isno breaks in transmission so, no need to switch one satellites to another. Due to high altitude(35800km from earth), it can cover a large area on earth(about 1/3 of the earth) so more earth stations may intercommunicate. Advantages
- 14. Latitudegreater than 81.25 𝑜 North and Southare notcovered. Due to the high latitude, the received signalpower are very weak and the signal propagation delay isabout300msec Disadvantages
- 15. Weather satellite :Provide meteorologistwith scientific data and prediction of weather conditions Earth Observation satellites :Allows scientistto gather information about earth’secosystem Navigation satellites :UsingGPS technologyto provide building exact location . Digital Audio broadcasting. Vehicle tracking. Mobilecommunications Satelliteinternet Applications ofsatellite communication
- 17. Thank You