Satire is a literary work that ridicules and mocks human vices and foolish behaviors. It uses techniques like mockery, parody, irony, understatement, overstatement, and caricature to criticize or poke fun at its targets. Some common satirical devices include mockery, parody, using pathos by shifting between serious and ridiculous, verbal and situational irony, understatement and overstatement through exaggeration, and caricatures that exaggerate physical attributes.